CN102550429B - Application of low-carbon saving type pig house - Google Patents
Application of low-carbon saving type pig house Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550429B CN102550429B CN 201210031913 CN201210031913A CN102550429B CN 102550429 B CN102550429 B CN 102550429B CN 201210031913 CN201210031913 CN 201210031913 CN 201210031913 A CN201210031913 A CN 201210031913A CN 102550429 B CN102550429 B CN 102550429B
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of a low-carbon saving type pig house, belonging to the field of application of a pig house. The pig house adopts a galvanized steel pipe greenhouse structure, and the roof of the pig house is covered with a plastic light transmission film and a sun-shading net material; a ventilation opening which can be opened and closed is arranged on each of a south wall body and a north wall body, a retractable ventilation skylight facing toward the south is arranged at the top of the pig house and is pulled and retracted through a longitudinal scroll at the top of the pig house; a fan is arranged on each of an east gable and a west gable of the pig house for supplementing ventilation; and a medium pressure atomization spraying system is arranged above a pigpen in the pig house, a fermentation bed is arranged on the south side of the interior of the pigpen, fermentation bed padding is laid in a fermentation bed padding pit, an aeration fermentation system pipeline is buried at the bottom of the pit. The pig house adopts steel pipe materials and the structure which is helpful for convection and ventilation, and utilizes time-delay atomization spraying technology, fermentation bed pig raising technology and the aeration fermentation technology at the bottom of the fermentation bed, so that the pig house reduces construction cost and use cost, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and reduces carbon emissions.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of application of pig house, particularly the application of a kind of low-carbon (LC), saving type pig house.
Background technology:
Existing pig house is similar to common building structure, adopts the room of brick wood or color steel construction more, and this pig house construction period is long, cost is high, and the manufacturing of building materials used all belongs to the highly energy-consuming industry, and the carbon emission amount is large; Simultaneously this class pig house exists the problems such as daylighting, heat insulating effect is poor, aeration-cooling effect is bad: for swinery in winter long needs of piglet all living creatures particularly, this type of pig house takes to reduce draught area more, the heating systems such as coal, electricity consumption improve and maintenance house temperature by burning simultaneously, it is high that but these modes not only consume energy, and causes simultaneously NH in house owing to suppressing to ventilate
3, H
2The gases such as S are accumulated, and are unfavorable for that swinery is healthy; And in order to tackle summer high temperature weather, how this type of pig house need configure the equipment such as fan, wet curtain-blower fan, spraying cooling system, these equipment have made up this type of defective that pig house draught area is little, effect of heat insulation is poor to a certain extent, but the aeration-cooling facility of this class also exists construction, maintenance cost is high, power consumption, water consumption, the problems such as use procedure carbon emission amount is large, although as better in spraying cooling technology cooling-down effect, but can cause moist ponding in colony house, impel mosquitos and flies, bacteria breed, air is dirty.
In addition, cement floor is all adopted on existing most pigsties ground, inevitably will clear up, collect, process the pig excreta in daily management, and this need to expend a large amount of manpowers, the energy, water source, cause simultaneously wholesale carbon emission amount, and bring serious environment, water pollution.The fermentation bed to raise pig technology is utilized effectively the degrade excreta of the daily generation of swinery of the microorganism in fermenting bed padding, reaches the fecaluria zero-emission of breeding process, efficiently solves the excremental processing difficult problem of swinery fecaluria, and the low-carbon (LC) saving.But, technique has also run into some problems in China's application process: one, fermentation bed to raise pig cooling in summer problem, fermentation bed itself is understood the fermentation heat production and is unfavorable for heat radiation, runs into summer high temperature weather, easily causes the pig heat stress, the dead pig phenomenon of heat can appear when serious, and existing spraying cooling method water consumption is large, can cause fermenting bed padding humidity excessive, affects ferment effect; Two, fermentation bed to raise pig colony house unit are stock-carrying capacity is few, cause the colony house construction cost to rise, because the fermentation bed to raise pig technology is to complete by fermenting bed padding the degradation that pig manure is urinated, the fecaluria excreta that excessive pig produces can not in time be degraded in less bedding and padding, can cause fermentation bed to ferment unsuccessfully even by " dead bed ", therefore cause fermentation bed colony house unit are stock-carrying capacity than little 50% left and right of concrete floor colony house; Three, produce greenhouse gases, fermentation bed is used for a long time, and meeting the occurrence of wetness, the phenomenon that hardens cause anaerobic fermentation to produce CH
4, N
2O isothermal chamber gas.
This shows, overcome the above problem in the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, low, effective low-carbon (LC), the saving type pig house of a kind of construction of research and design, operating cost is very necessary.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above problem in the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, research and design is used a kind of construction, lower, effective low-carbon (LC), the saving type pig house of operating cost.
Technical scheme
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of application of low-carbon saving type pig house, described low-carbon saving type pig house comprise pig house booth and inside pig house facility.
Described pig house booth adopts the galvanized steel pipe greenhouse structure, width is greater than 8m, highly greater than 4m, booth surface internal layer covers the plastic light-transmission film with waterproof, heat-proof quality, covers the black sunshade net apart from the booth roofing more than the 1.5m of ground and gable metope light-transmissive film surface again and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening of height 1.2-1.8m is established in pig house booth south and north flanks body of wall bottom, regulates the folding height of plastic light-transmission film by film-coiling device, controls the draught area of both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding to the south ventilation skylight, ventilation comprises the pig house top supporting rod on skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool on top supporting rod, rotate folding and unfolding by spool serving, a side and pig house top cross bar form hinged skylight cover, and the skylight cover opposite side is connected with serving; During operation, rotate the vertical spool folding and unfolding in pig house top serving by transmission device, the folding of tractive trapdoor lid; In booth east, Western Hills wall, spacing ground 50cm arranges fan, blows in house; East, Western Hills wall arrange She Men by the north and are used for turnover.
But folding skylight, booth top, its advantage is: the skylight can be opened to greatest extent, and pig house south and north flanks ventilating opening formation circulation of air from bottom to top, is more conducive to give up interior hot-air fast rise and discharges; Can form the complete stream linear structure with the booth roofing when skylight is closed, reduce to greatest extent air resistance coefficient.
Described inside pig house is passageway, north side, southern side pigsty, and is arranged in the booth inside of pigsty top and presses atomizing sprinkling system; The She Men that passageway, north side East and West direction is extended with pig house booth both sides gable joins, and cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on ground, passageway; In pigsty, the southern side is provided with fermentation bed, and described fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and interior bottom, fermenting bed padding hole is provided with pipe alley, buries inflation fermentation system pipeline in pipe alley underground; In pigsty, the north side is provided with the platform that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface, and bedding and padding are placed bedding and padding to equal with platform in the hole; Place the autofeed hopper of searching for food for swinery by the north side on platform; Outer, pigsty southern side arranges pig duckbilled drinking bowl, and it has derives the outer water receiving tank of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist.
Fermenting bed padding hole degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole bottom surface soil compaction get final product, and surrounding earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection, covers cement pre-fabricated panel on bank protection in order to reinforcing, prevents the slump of metope earth; Described pipe alley is positioned at bottom, fermenting bed padding hole, built by laying by sandstone, cement material and form, pipe alley ditch body cross section is trapezoidal, in pipe alley, cross section is square, fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master, branch pipe(tube) are arranged in pipe alley, pipe alley top covers dustproofly use cement plate, prevents from that fermenting bed padding from falling into to stop up fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system in ditch, and pipe alley is communicated with pipe alley with being provided with blow vent between cement plate with preventing dust with external.
Described fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor, employing is without agricultural crop straws such as the complete corn of pulverizing, wheat, paddy rice, thickness with the 5-10cm/ layer successively is layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole, stalk between layers is 90 ° of angles intersections to be laid, compacting afterwards; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm adopts the good dunnage material of the discretenesses such as wood chip, rice husk to lay, and advances the front water that contains beneficial fermented bacterium that the upper strata bedding and padding are sprayed of pig, and modulation bedding and padding relative moisture is to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation and gets final product.Saved as the bottom bedding and padding with complete stalk and pulverized the required energy resource consumption of bedding and padding, the bottom bedding and padding intersect and lay simultaneously, leave enough gap uniformly, are conducive to the fermentation bed bottom and inflate the gas that fermentation system is filled with and spread to the upper strata bedding and padding.
Described fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system is made of fan blower, tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on its structure; Its inflation is main, branch pipe(tube) is located at fermenting bed padding and is cheated in the bottom pipe ditch, is fermented the complete crops straw of a lower floor and covers in the wrong mode of comprehensive-traversed by.Fan blower adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation master, branch pipe(tube) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to make.Fan blower is fixed in ground outside fermentation bed piggery, be connected with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line by tube connector, on fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, every 1-2m distance join fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube), fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) tube wall is tiltedly opened the venthole of diameter 1cm in the both sides, below at interval of the 10-30cm distance.When fan blower starts, air sees through venthole and pipe alley side blow vent is filled with the fermenting bed padding bottom, see through fermentation bed lower floor and intersect the crops straw interstitial diffusion of laying to the fermenting bed padding upper strata, promote fermenting bed padding to the aerobic fermentation of pig manure homaluria thing.
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system generally is used for improving the bedding and padding gas permeability, promotes in fermentation bed, the aerobic fermentation of lower floor's bedding and padding, suppresses its anaerobic digestion, reduces CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas, every day, intermittent work was no more than 30 minutes, so quantity of heat production is limited; But in spring, autumn, winter, stock-carrying capacity and pigsty heating needs in order to improve the unit are fermentation bed piggery can extend the working time of system, accelerate aerobic fermentation speed and the heat production speed of pig excrements in bedding and padding.
Described middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system is mainly used in reducing pig house temperature in summer, regulates fermenting bed padding humidity, eliminates the fermentation bed airborne dust, can be used for simultaneously spraying in fermenting bed padding replenishing probiotics.Consisted of by clock switch control system, water tank, pressure pump, withstand voltage water pipe, atomizer, storage pressure pipe on its structure.The external pig house running water pipe of water tank, when needing water in the water tank injected water use, when needs replenish probiotics in the fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in Water in Water Tank, spray by atomizing sprinkling system; Connection water tank of pressure pump, the other end is connected with withstand voltage water pipe, every 1-3m, atomizer is housed on withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline; Described clock switch control system is made of time control switch and the time relay, and time control switch directly connects power supply, controls the switch time of power supply every day; One, the time relay is connected with time control switch, and one is connected with pressure pump, in the power supply opening situation, controls pressure pump to start 5 seconds---close the mode periodic duty of 60 seconds; Pressure pump operating pressure 1-6MPa used, withstand voltage water pipe caliber 20mm used, withstand voltage 2.5MPa horizontally suspend in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty top, and described atomizer adopts HLNN series M type micro-atomizing nozzle, operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m; Described storage pressure pipe is connected with withstand voltage water pipe by caliber 20mm PPR pipe directly over being positioned in the middle part of withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline, and the storage pressure pipe adopts the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to make, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside.
Middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system pump working produces pressure and is stored in the storage pressure pipe, and the pressure that slowly discharges by the storage pressure pipe is the droplet below diameter 50 μ m with the water droplet atomizing; The clock switch control system be can regulate as required in actual production, pump working time, spraying duration and gap periods controlled.
The advantage of native system is: one, adopt the storage of storage pressure pipe to press, the every work of water pump just can be sprayed 1 minute for 5 seconds continuously, than the energy of existing spray cooling system saving more than 80%; Two, different from common pig house sprinkling equipment, press atomizing spray technology and special atomizer in employing, greatly reduce water consumption, make simultaneously the water droplet atomizing effect better, the bedding and padding humidification is even, and good dedusting effect also can not cause the colony house excess surface water; Three, can regulate the clock switch control system according to the inside and outside temperature of house, humidity situation, control flexibly pump working time, spraying duration and gap periods.Use to show through reality, the good cooling effect of native system, 10 seconds are the highest lowers the temperature 8 ℃, can guarantee to give up interior temperature below 34 ℃ during 40 ℃ of temperature; Energy-saving and water-saving simultaneously, darg 8 hours, power consumption is about 0.8 degree only, and water consumption is less than 40 liters; And the system equipment cost is very low, is roughly equal to 1500 yuan of/houses.
Summer, generally pig house north and south side ventilating opening maintenance was open, made and formed the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth;
Fine weather temperature is during lower than 30 ℃, open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top, the black sunshade net that the pig house roofing covers has heated pig house top air, hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, pig house bottom lower temperature air flows into from the south and north flanks ventilating opening, form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in pig house;
During higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully when temperature, regulate north and south side ventilating opening film-coiling device to transferring film to ventilating opening height 1/2-1/3 place;
Higher than 34 ℃, inside pig house is arranged at the middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system work of pigsty top as She Neiwen, produces water droplets, meanwhile, the air-supply in the house of pig house thing gable starting fan promotes water droplet ground and pig surface gasification heat absorption in air, in colony house, reaches the effect of cooling; Summer, lay the cement pre-fabricated panel platform in pigsty relatively nice and cool, pig can be selected to lie and have a rest thereon, lowers the temperature by heat conducting and radiating;
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Sunlight saw through booth and promoted the house temperature to rise in the plastic light-transmission film irradiation house of covered with sunshade mesh portions winter; Due to the fermentation calefaction of fermenting bed padding, pig more is ready to lie on fermentation bed to have a rest, and conducts heat insulation warming by heat, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, and the fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more is conducive to the raising of house temperature in winter.
Beneficial effect
Low-carbon (LC) of the present invention, saving type pig house have shown following advantage in actual use:
1) construction period short, construction cost is low.Build because pig house adopts greenhouse structure, the construction time is very short, area 240m
2Can complete in the general 3-5 of pig house booth days; And owing to only having passageway, pigsty inner platform and fermenting bed padding hole surrounding bank protection covering cement pre-fabricated panel, do not need cement floor, whole pig house cost is at 150 yuan/m
2In.
2) energy-saving and water-saving.summer, pig house was taked the aeration-cooling and middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system cooling of greenhouse structure, the former need not consume energy, the latter is owing to having adopted the technology such as storage pressure pipe, atomizing spray, than similar spraying cooling technical energy saving more than 80%, water saving is more than 50%, low many of the pig house cooling systems such as construction, operation, maintenance cost specific humidity curtain-blower fan, owing to adopting the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, the pig excreta directly decomposes in the fermenting bed padding top fermentation, need not to consume water, electricity cleaning colony house, the heat production of fermentation bed fermentation simultaneously, according to measuring the fermentation bed surface near room temperature, and apart from case depth 30cm place temperature over 40 ℃, as adopt fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system to inflate 30 minutes, this degree of depth temperature can be over 55 ℃, winter, pig hobby was plowed fermentation bed top layer its upper heating that couch, substantially need not volume outer burning coal or electricity consumption heating, only have and meet severe cold weather or pig hour, proper extension fermentation bed every day bottom inflationtime can satisfy the heating needs in 1-2 hour, and according to one hour power consumption 1-2 degree of measuring and calculating inflation, far below traditional pig house heating energy resource consumption.
2) hygienic environment-protecting is taken into account efficient.Adopt the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, the excreta processing problem of original puzzlement pig industry is resolved, pig ight soil original place is decomposed by the beneficial bacterium fermentation, thereby has suppressed the generation with stink of growing of harmful bacteria, and the pig incidence of disease obviously descends; The use of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system has improved the fermenting bed padding gas permeability, has promoted fermenting bed padding to reach the wherein excremental aerobic fermentation of pig, suppresses CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas; Simultaneously, increase the inflation fermentation time in spring, autumn, winter and accelerate the excremental fermentation decomposition of pig, can improve the stock-carrying capacity of unit are colony house, thereby improve the utilization ratio of fermentation bed to raise pig pig house; Increase in addition inflation winter and can also improve temperature in the pig house in winter.
4) effectively reduce the carbon emission amount.Adopt the pig house mode of construction of steelframe greenhouse structure, surface coverage film, significantly reduced the usage amount of high-carbon discharge capacity building materials; The structure of pig house booth be conducive to summer ventilation cooling and Winter protection heat insulation, low, the instant effect of cooling measure power consumption that adopts, the fermentation bed to raise pig technology is combined with bottom inflation fermentation system, make the winter pig house not need extra power consumption, burn coal and heat and to keep suitable cultivation temperature, thereby greatly reduce for summer ventilation cooling, required electricity, the consumption of coal of Winter protection heating, reduce the carbon emission amount in routine use; The use of inflation fermentation system has also effectively suppressed CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is low-carbon (LC), saving type pig house overall schematic
Fig. 2 is low-carbon (LC), saving type pig house greenhouse structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is low-carbon (LC), saving type pig house inner facility structural representation
Fig. 4 is fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system structural representation
Fig. 5 is fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system branch pipe(tube) generalized section
Fig. 6 is middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system spraying pipeline schematic diagram
Press atomizing sprinkling system storage pressure pipe operation principle schematic diagram in Fig. 7
Fig. 8 is pig house booth gravity-flow ventilation cooling structure principle schematic
In figure: 1-booth roofing, 2-gable, 3-ventilating opening, the 4-film-coiling device, 5-skylight cover, 6-support bar, the vertical spool of 7-, 8-serving, 9-transmission device, the 10-fan, 11-She Men, 12-passageway, the 13-pigsty is pressed atomizing sprinkling system in 14-, the 15-fermenting bed padding is cheated, 16-fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, 17-platform, 18-autofeed hopper; 19-duckbilled drinking bowl; The 20-water receiving tank, 21-bank protection, 22-pipe alley, 23-is dustproof uses cement plate, 24-blow vent, 25-venthole, the 26-fan blower, 27-tube connector, 28-fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, 29-fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube), the 30-water tank, 31-pressure pump, the withstand voltage water pipe of 32-, the 33-atomizer, 34-stores up pressure pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, implementation detail of the present invention is described as follows:
The application of a kind of low-carbon (LC), saving type pig house comprises pig house booth and inside pig house facility.
As shown in Figure 2, the pig house booth adopts the galvanized steel pipe greenhouse structure, width is greater than 8m, highly greater than 4m, booth surface internal layer covers the plastic light-transmission film with waterproof, heat-proof quality, covers the black sunshade net apart from the booth roofing (1) more than the 1.5m of ground and gable (2) metope light-transmissive film surface again and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening (3) of height 1.2-1.8m left and right is established in pig house booth south and north flanks body of wall bottom, regulates the folding height of plastic light-transmission film by film-coiling device (4), controls the draught area of both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding to the south ventilation skylight, ventilation comprises pig house top supporting rod (6) on skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool (7) on top supporting rod (6), rotate folding and unfolding by spool (7) serving (8), a side and pig house top cross bar form hinged skylight cover (5), and skylight cover (5) opposite side is connected with serving (8); During operation, by transmission device (9) the rotation vertical spool in pig house top (7) folding and unfolding serving (8), (5) folding of tractive trapdoor lid; In booth east, Western Hills wall (2), spacing ground 50cm arranges fan (10), blows in house; East, Western Hills wall (2) arrange She Men (11) by the north and are used for turnover.
But folding skylight, booth top, its advantage is: the skylight can be opened to greatest extent, and pig house south and north flanks ventilating opening (3) formation circulation of air from bottom to top, is more conducive to give up interior hot-air fast rise and discharges; Can form the complete stream linear structure with booth roofing (1) when the skylight is closed, reduce to greatest extent air resistance coefficient.
As shown in Figure 3, the inside pig house facility comprises: passageway, north side (12), southern side pigsty (13), and be arranged in the booth inside of pigsty (13) top and press atomizing sprinkling system (14).Passageway, north side (12) East and West direction is extended and the She Men (11) of pig house booth both sides gables (2) joins, and ground, passageway (12) lay cement pre-fabricated panel; The interior southern side of pigsty (13) is provided with fermentation bed, and described fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and bottom, fermenting bed padding hole (15) is buried fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16) pipeline underground; The interior north side of pigsty (13) is provided with the platform (17) that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface, places bedding and padding in bedding and padding holes (15) to equal with platform (17); The upper autofeed hopper (18) of searching for food for swinery of placing by the north side of platform (17); Pigsty (13) outer, southern side arranges pig duckbilled drinking bowl (19), and it has derives the outer water receiving tank (20) of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist.
As shown in Fig. 3,5, fermenting bed padding hole (15) degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole (15) bottom surface soil compaction gets final product, and surrounding earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection (21), the upper cement pre-fabricated panel that covers of bank protection (21) prevents the slump of metope earth in order to reinforce; Described pipe alley (22) is positioned at fermenting bed padding and cheats (15) inner bottom part, built by laying by sandstone, cement material and form, pipe alley (22) ditch body cross section is trapezoidal, the interior cross section of pipe alley (22) is square, fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) are arranged in pipe alley (22), pipe alley (22) top covers dustproof with cement plate (23), preventing that bedding and padding from falling into stops up gas ducting venthole (25) in ditch, is provided with blow vent (24) between pipe alley (22) and dust excluding plate pipe alley (22) is communicated with external.The effect of pipe alley (22) is to guarantee that fermentation bed inflation fermentation system (16) pipeline overall structure is complete, avoids the long-term extruding of bedding and padding piping displacement, fracture to occur.
Described fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor, the pipe alley (22) that is positioned at fermentation bed bottom is embedded in wherein, employing is without agricultural crop straws such as the complete corn of pulverizing, wheat, paddy rice, thickness with the 5-10cm/ layer successively is layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole (15), stalk between layers is 90 ° of angles intersections to be laid, compacting afterwards; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm, adopt the good dunnage material of the discretenesses such as wood chip, rice husk to lay, advance before pig the upper strata bedding and padding are sprayed the water that contains strong little 99 board vigor fermentation bed compound bacteria commodity microbial inoculums that beneficial fermented bacterium Yichun Qiangwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. produces, modulation bedding and padding relative moisture is to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation and gets final product.
As shown in Fig. 4,5, fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16) is made of fan blower (26), tube connector (27), fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line (28), fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) (29) on its structure; Its inflation trunk line (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) are located in fermenting bed padding hole (15) bottom pipe ditch (22), are fermented the complete crops straw of a lower floor and cover in the wrong mode of vertical-traversed by.Fan blower (26) adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector (27), fermentation bed bottom inflation main (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to make.Fan blower (26) is fixed in ground outside fermentation bed piggery, be connected with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line (28) by tube connector (27), fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line (28) is upper every 1-2m distance join fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) (29), and fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) (29) tube wall is tiltedly opened the venthole (25) of diameter 1cm in the both sides, below at interval of the 10-30cm distance.Fan blower (26) is when starting, air sees through venthole (25) and pipe alley (22) side blow vent (24) is filled with the fermenting bed padding bottom, see through fermentation bed lower floor and intersect the crops straw interstitial diffusion of laying to the fermenting bed padding upper strata, promote fermenting bed padding to the aerobic fermentation of pig manure homaluria thing.
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16) generally is used for improving the bedding and padding gas permeability, promotes in fermentation bed, the aerobic fermentation of lower floor's bedding and padding, suppresses its anaerobic digestion, reduces CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas, every day, intermittent work was no more than 30 minutes, so quantity of heat production is limited; But in spring, autumn, winter, stock-carrying capacity and pigsty heating needs in order to improve the unit are fermentation bed piggery can extend the working time of system, accelerate the excremental aerobic fermentation speed of pig house and heat production speed in bedding and padding.
As shown in Figure 6, described middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system (14) is mainly used in reducing pig house temperature in summer, regulates fermenting bed padding humidity, eliminates the fermentation bed airborne dust, can be used for simultaneously spraying in fermenting bed padding replenishing probiotics.Consisted of by clock switch control system, water tank (30), pressure pump (31), withstand voltage water pipe (32), atomizer (33), storage pressure pipe (34) on its structure.The external pig house running water pipe of water tank (30), inject certain water gaging use when needing water in water tank (30), when needs replenish probiotics in the fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in water tank (30) water with certain proportion, spray by atomizing sprinkling system and get final product; (31) connection water tanks of pressure pump (30), the other end is connected with withstand voltage water pipe (32), every 1-3m, atomizer (33) is housed on withstand voltage water pipe (32) spraying pipeline.Described clock switch control system is made of time control switch (the KG316T type microcomputer time-controlled switch that adopts Zhejiang Ai Deli Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd to produce) and the time relay (the ZYS48 type time relay that adopts the tall and erect Electronics Co., Ltd. in Shanghai to produce), time control switch directly connects power supply, controls the switch time of power supply every day; One, the time relay is connected with time control switch, and one is connected with pressure pump (31), in the power supply opening situation, controls pressure pump (31) to start 5 seconds---close the mode periodic duty of 60 seconds.Pressure pump used (31) is commercially available common carwash force pump, operating pressure 1-6MPa.Withstand voltage water pipe used (32) adopts the PPR pipe of commercially available caliber 20mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa, horizontally suspends in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty (13) top.Described atomizer (33) adopts Xin Jiangyuan spraying in Jining to purify the HLNN series M type micro-atomizing nozzle that Science and Technology Ltd. produces, operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, and water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m, and produce without large water droplet.Directly over described storage pressure pipe (34) is positioned in the middle part of withstand voltage water pipe (32) spraying pipeline, be connected with withstand voltage water pipe (32) by caliber 20mm PPR pipe, storage pressure pipe (34) adopts the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to make, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside.
As shown in Figure 7, at pressure pump (31) to start 5 seconds---close and stored up pressure pipe (34) in 60 seconds in the periodic duty flow process and play a role like this: air is filled in storage pressure pipe (34) inside, air compressing is than large, hydraulic pressure contracting volume of air when pressure pump (31) when opening in water pipe is stored in pressure in pressure pipe (34); When pressure pump (31) is closed, store up the interior air of pressure pipe (34) by the slow release pressure of volumetric expansion, realize the time-delay spraying; Be placed in simultaneously the central authorities of whole spraying pipeline due to storage pressure pipe (34), the atomizer (33) of both sides distance equates relatively, to equidistant with it shower nozzle (33) pressure basis equalization, makes spraying evenly.
Middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system (14) can be regulated the clock switch control system in actual use as required, controls water pump (31) working time, spraying duration and gap periods.And the use of storage pressure pipe (34) and atomizer (33) has reduced the consumption of water, electricity, simultaneously to pig house lower the temperature, dust removing effects is better, the bedding and padding humidification is more even.
as shown in Fig. 2,8, the summer ventilation cooling system that pig house consists of is work like this: summer, generally it is open that pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) keeps, and makes and form the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth, fine weather temperature is during lower than 30 ℃, open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) and skylight, top, the black sunshade net that pig house roofing (1) covers has heated pig house top air, hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, pig house bottom lower temperature air flows into from south and north flanks ventilating opening (3), form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in pig house, when temperature during higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully, regulate north and south side ventilating opening (3) film-coiling device (4) to transferring film to ventilating opening (3) height 1/2-1/3 place, pig house this moment up and down ventilating opening normal throw strengthens, pig house north and south side draught area reduces, stack effect is more obvious, the air velocity that north and south side ventilating opening (3) sucks in the pig house is accelerated, and because flowing into airflow position, reduces north and south side ventilating opening (3), swinery place horizontal plane in more approaching house, air-flow is more blows over from the swinery plane, the relatively dry that has guaranteed the swinery region is nice and cool, as She Neiwen higher than 34 ℃, inside pig house is arranged at middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system (14) work of pigsty (13) top, produce water droplets, meanwhile, pig house thing gable fan (10) starts in house blows, promote water droplet ground and pig surface gasification heat absorption in air, in colony house, reach the effect of cooling, summer, lay cement pre-fabricated panel platform (17) in pigsty (13) relatively nice and cool, pig can be selected to lie and have a rest thereon, lowers the temperature by heat conducting and radiating.
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Sunlight saw through booth and promoted the house temperature to rise in the plastic light-transmission film irradiation house of covered with sunshade mesh portions winter; Fermentation calefaction due to fermenting bed padding, pig more is ready to lie on fermentation bed to have a rest, and conducts heat insulation warming by heat, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16), the fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more is conducive to the raising of house temperature in winter.
Low-carbon (LC) of the present invention, saving type pig house are built because pig house adopts greenhouse structure in actual use, and the construction time is very short, area 240m
2Can complete in the general 3-5 of pig house booth days; And owing to only having passageway, pigsty inner platform and fermenting bed padding hole surrounding laying cement pre-fabricated panel, do not need cement floor, whole pig house cost is at 150 yuan/m
2In.than similar spraying cooling technical energy saving more than 80%, water saving is more than 50%, low many of the pig house cooling systems such as construction, operation, maintenance cost specific humidity curtain-blower fan, owing to adopting the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, the pig excreta directly decomposes in the fermenting bed padding top fermentation, need not to consume water, electricity cleaning colony house, the heat production of fermentation bed fermentation simultaneously, according to measuring the fermentation bed surface near room temperature, and apart from case depth 30cm place temperature over 40 ℃, as adopt fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system to inflate 30 minutes, this degree of depth temperature can be over 55 ℃, winter, pig hobby was plowed fermentation bed top layer its upper heating that couch, substantially need not volume outer burning coal or electricity consumption heating, only have and meet severe cold weather or pig hour, proper extension fermentation bed every day bottom inflationtime can satisfy the heating needs in 1-2 hour, and according to one hour power consumption 1-2 degree of measuring and calculating inflation, far below traditional pig house heating energy resource consumption.Hygienic environment-protecting is taken into account efficient, improves the stock-carrying capacity of unit are colony house, thereby has improved the utilization ratio of fermentation bed to raise pig pig house.
Claims (1)
1. the application of a low-carbon saving type pig house, it is characterized in that: described pig house comprises pig house booth and inside pig house facility, described pig house booth adopts the galvanized steel pipe greenhouse structure, width is greater than 8m, highly greater than 4m, booth surface internal layer covers the plastic light-transmission film with waterproof, heat-proof quality, covers the black sunshade net apart from the booth roofing more than the 1.5m of ground and gable metope light-transmissive film surface again and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening of height 1.2-1.8m is established in pig house booth south and north flanks body of wall bottom, regulates the folding height of plastic light-transmission film by film-coiling device, controls the draught area of both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding to the south ventilation skylight, ventilation comprises the pig house top supporting rod on skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool on top supporting rod, rotate folding and unfolding by spool serving, a side and pig house top cross bar form hinged skylight cover, and the skylight cover opposite side is connected with serving; During operation, rotate the vertical spool folding and unfolding in pig house top serving by transmission device, the folding of tractive trapdoor lid; In booth east, Western Hills wall, spacing ground 50cm arranges fan, blows in house; East, Western Hills wall arrange She Men by the north and are used for turnover;
Described inside pig house is passageway, north side, southern side pigsty, and is arranged in the booth inside of pigsty top and presses atomizing sprinkling system; The She Men that passageway, north side East and West direction is extended with pig house booth both sides gable joins, and cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on ground, passageway; In pigsty, the southern side is provided with fermentation bed, and described fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and interior bottom, fermenting bed padding hole is provided with pipe alley, buries inflation fermentation system pipeline in pipe alley underground; In pigsty, the north side is provided with the platform that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface, and bedding and padding are placed bedding and padding to equal with platform in the hole; Place the autofeed hopper of searching for food for swinery by the north side on platform; Outer, pigsty southern side arranges pig duckbilled drinking bowl, and it has derives the outer water receiving tank of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist;
Fermenting bed padding hole degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole bottom surface soil compaction, surrounding earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection, covers cement pre-fabricated panel on bank protection in order to reinforce, and prevents the slump of metope earth; Described pipe alley is positioned at bottom, fermenting bed padding hole, built by laying by sandstone, cement material and form, pipe alley ditch body cross section is trapezoidal, in pipe alley, cross section is square, fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master, branch pipe(tube) are arranged in pipe alley, pipe alley top covers dustproofly use cement plate, prevents from that fermenting bed padding from falling into to stop up fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system in ditch, and pipe alley is communicated with pipe alley with being provided with blow vent between cement plate with preventing dust with external;
Inflation fermentation system in fermentation bed bottom is made of fan blower, tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on its structure; Its inflation is main, branch pipe(tube) is embedded in fermenting bed padding and cheats in the bottom pipe ditch, and fan blower adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation master, branch pipe(tube) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to make, fan blower is fixed in ground outside fermentation bed piggery, be connected with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line by tube connector, on fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, every 1-2m distance join fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube), fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) tube wall is tiltedly opened the venthole of diameter 1cm in the both sides, below at interval of the 10-30cm distance;
In described fermenting bed padding hole, fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor, employing is without the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing, thickness with the 5-10cm/ layer successively is layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole, stalk between layers is 90 ° of angles and intersects in length and breadth laying, compacting afterwards; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm adopts the discreteness dunnage material to lay, and advances the front water that contains beneficial fermented bacterium that the upper strata bedding and padding are sprayed of pig, modulates upper strata bedding and padding relative moisture to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation;
Consisted of by clock switch control system, water tank, pressure pump, withstand voltage water pipe, atomizer, storage pressure pipe on described middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system structure; The external pig house running water pipe of water tank, when needing water in the water tank injected water use, when needs replenish probiotics in the fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in Water in Water Tank, spray by atomizing sprinkling system; Connection water tank of pressure pump, the other end is connected with withstand voltage water pipe, every 1-3m, atomizer is housed on withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline; Described clock switch control system is made of time control switch and the time relay, and time control switch directly connects power supply, controls the switch time of power supply every day; One, the time relay is connected with time control switch, and one is connected with pressure pump, in the power supply opening situation, controls pressure pump to start 5 seconds---close the mode periodic duty of 60 seconds; Pressure pump operating pressure 1-6MPa used, withstand voltage water pipe caliber 20mm used, withstand voltage 2.5MPa horizontally suspend in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty top, and described atomizer adopts HLNN series M type micro-atomizing nozzle, operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m; Described storage pressure pipe is connected with withstand voltage water pipe by caliber 20mm PPR pipe directly over being positioned in the middle part of withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline, and the storage pressure pipe adopts the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to make, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside;
Summer, generally pig house north and south side ventilating opening maintenance was open, made and formed the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth;
Fine weather temperature is during lower than 30 ℃, open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top, the black sunshade net that the pig house roofing covers has heated pig house top air, hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, pig house bottom lower temperature air flows into from the south and north flanks ventilating opening, form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in pig house;
During higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully when temperature, regulate north and south side ventilating opening film-coiling device to transferring film to ventilating opening height 1/2-1/3 place;
Higher than 34 ℃, inside pig house is arranged at the middle pressure atomizing sprinkling system work of pigsty top as She Neiwen, produces water droplets, meanwhile, the air-supply in the house of pig house thing gable starting fan promotes water droplet ground and pig surface gasification heat absorption in air, in colony house, reaches the effect of cooling; Summer, lay the cement pre-fabricated panel platform in pigsty relatively nice and cool, pig can be selected to lie and have a rest thereon, lowers the temperature by heat conducting and radiating;
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Sunlight saw through booth and promoted the house temperature to rise in the plastic light-transmission film irradiation house of covered with sunshade mesh portions winter; Due to the fermentation calefaction of fermenting bed padding, pig more is ready to lie on fermentation bed to have a rest, and conducts heat insulation warming by heat, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, and the fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more is conducive to the raising of house temperature in winter;
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system intermittent work every day is no more than 30 minutes; But in spring, autumn, winter, for stock-carrying capacity and the pigsty heating needs that improve the unit are fermentation bed piggery, extend fermentation bed bottom inflationtime 1-2 hour every day.
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