CN102537942B - Low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method - Google Patents

Low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102537942B
CN102537942B CN201210043935.9A CN201210043935A CN102537942B CN 102537942 B CN102537942 B CN 102537942B CN 201210043935 A CN201210043935 A CN 201210043935A CN 102537942 B CN102537942 B CN 102537942B
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burner hearth
air
bgreatt
gre
great
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CN102537942A (en
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夏善友
姜丘陵
张晓东
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Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Abstract

<b> low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method.A large amount of inferior fuel that the industries such as chemical fertilizer produce needs process, in order to cost-saving, has needed a kind of burner adopting inferior fuel.The present invention includes: burner hearth bottom half has an air compartment (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT2</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT), one time air compartment lower end connects First air pipeline joint (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT13</b><bGre atT.GreaT.GT), one time air compartment upper end is connected blast cap (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT5</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT) by circulating water pipe (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT3</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT) with the water-cooled distributor (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT4</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT) with Residue extraction pipeline, the burner hearth casing top that water-cooled distributor connects connects coal supply interface (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT7</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT) in turn, gas burner interface (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT6</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT), secondary air chamber interface (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT8</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT), horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT9</b><bGrea tT.GreaT.GT) is arranged in burner hearth lower box space, steam-generating bank connects pipe laying entrance header entrance (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT10</b><bGre atT.GreaT.GT), burner hearth casing upper space front-back wall has the water-cooling wall (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT11</b><bGre atT.GreaT.GT) extended by pipe laying, burner hearth casing top connects rising exhaust gases passes (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT12</b><bGre atT.GreaT.GT), separator feed back interface (</b><bGreatT.Gre aT.GT14</b><bGre atT.GreaT.GT) directly stretches into burner hearth lower box, First air pipeline joint directly stretches into an air compartment.The present invention is used for the chemical system low speed circulating fluidized beds such as chemical fertilizer factory and low calorific value waste gas burning.</b>

Description

Low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly mix for special boiler chamber structure in a large number burn the low speed circulating fluidized bed of waste gas and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method to realize coal-burning boiler.
Background technology:
In coal and other combustion gas (waste gas) mixed combustion technique, fluidized-bed combustion boiler can only be mixed and burn a certain proportion of combustion gas (waste gas) in the past, and ratio can not exceed 20% of overall exhaust gas volumn, if exceed a certain amount of ratio, affects the overall operation of boiler.A large amount of low calorific value waste gas enters the smooth combustion how boiler ensures boiler, and the safety run is the subject matter that the application needs to solve.
Low discharge is compared smaller in the rear flue-gas temperature of a large amount of low calorific value waste gas burnings of the technical process generation of the chemical industry systems such as coal is fertile, in order to increase the quality of steam, improve the temperature of steam, pressure and flow, additional heat is needed to improve flue-gas temperature, way in the past utilizes gas or oil to be fuel, but a large amount of inferior fuel that the industries such as chemical fertilizer produce needs process, in order to cost-saving, has needed a kind of burner adopting inferior fuel.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide one and can increase after-flame degree in stove, efficiency of combustion reaches low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and the method for more than 99%.
Above-mentioned object is realized by following technical scheme:
The mixed combustion device of low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, its composition comprises: burner hearth casing, described burner hearth bottom half has an air compartment, a described air compartment lower end connects First air pipeline joint, a described air compartment upper end is connected blast cap by circulating water pipe with the water-cooled distributor with Residue extraction pipeline, burner hearth casing described in described water-cooled distributor connects, described burner hearth casing top connects coal supply interface in turn, gas burner interface, secondary air chamber interface, horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank is arranged in described burner hearth lower box space, described steam-generating bank connects pipe laying entrance header entrance, described burner hearth casing upper space front-back wall has the water-cooling wall extended by pipe laying, described burner hearth casing top connects rising exhaust gases passes, separator feed back interface directly stretches into described burner hearth lower box, described First air pipeline joint directly stretches into a described air compartment.
The mixed combustion device of described low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, described rising exhaust gases passes connects one group of vertical cyclone separator, upper furnace rising exhaust gases passes draws flue gas, described burner hearth casing surrounding is made up of backplate and thermal insulating liner, point upper and lower two parts in burner hearth, bottom is bed material and fuel concentrated area, during fluidisation, height of formation is more than one meter emulsion zone, the main evaporating heating surface tube bank as boiler is arranged at emulsion zone, the top of emulsion zone is free space, at the bare-tube wall that the front-back wall of the depth direction in this space is arranged symmetrically with, it is combustion-supporting that coal-fired First air enters emulsion zone from blast cap, Secondary Air is the direct adjustment completing burning of fuel or free space flue-gas temperature from both walls freedom of entry space then, described burner hearth casing top is trapezoidal layout.
The mixed combustion device of described low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, described burner hearth casing both walls top connects one group of gas flare, described burner hearth casing front wall top connects one group of gas flare, separator feed back standpipe is through described burner hearth box house, pipe laying entrance header is housed outside described burner hearth casing, water-cooling wall outlet header arranged outward by described burner hearth casing, described burner hearth casing is built with bare-tube wall, and described burner hearth casing top has one group of gas flare hole and separator ash returning tube hole.
The mixed combustion device of described low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, the water-cooling wall that described pipe laying and pipe laying extend is built with work steam-water twin phases medium; In described water-cooled distributor, water cooling tube is built with working water medium.
The mixed burning method of a kind of low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, described burner hearth casing surrounding is made up of backplate and thermal insulating liner, point upper and lower two parts in burner hearth casing, and bottom is bed material and fuel concentrated area, the emulsion zone of height of formation more than one meter during fluidisation, the heat of draws fuel release; Horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank is arranged, as the main evaporating heating surface of boiler at emulsion zone; The top of emulsion zone is free space, at the bare-tube wall that the front-back wall of the depth direction of this free space is arranged symmetrically with, it is combustion-supporting that coal-fired First air enters emulsion zone from blast cap, and Secondary Air is the direct adjustment completing burning of fuel or free space flue-gas temperature from both walls freedom of entry space then; Burner hearth casing front wall collocation two Coal-spreader Feeder holes, multiple gas flare hole, the multiple gas flare hole of burner hearth casing both walls each point of two-layer layout, burner hearth casing top has exhanst gas outlet hole and separator ash returning tube hole; Burner hearth casing top adopts the volume increasing burner hearth, is conducive to the trapezoidal layout of the burning of waste gas.
The mixed burning method of described low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, air quantity sends into burner hearth as First air from furnace bottom air compartment, makes a streamization and the required oxygen of supply burning; The secondary air chamber of Secondary Air above burner hearth both sides sends into burner hearth, strengthens flue gas disturbance, impels fuel to burn further, as waste gas burning wind; First air promotes the burning of bed stream and fuel, and the guarantee free space of Secondary Air does not burn burning of particle; An air compartment is that power bar adds guard board structure, and all wall liners, with abrasion-proof and refractory layer and heat insulation layer, are equiped with startup heater outside the mixed air compartment of air compartment entrance, and this burner adapted oil gun is oil-return type in mechanical atomization; An air compartment is except self loading, and the load also supporting whole burner hearth separator and horizontal flue is finally delivered on the framework bottom air compartment again; Secondary air chamber is welded into by steel plate, and air compartment self loading is directly born on burner hearth backplate; A certain proportion of air quantity is as waste gas burning wind, and collection gas flare enters upper furnace; Boiler adopts stove down-firing mode, and adopt coil water-cooling pattern protecting cloth aerofoil, the blast cap air-out direction of air distribution plate is by counterclockwise ordered arrangement; directed flow; make fine particle bed expect abundant fluidisation, fuel fully contacts with air, reaches the object of catching fire with burning.
Beneficial effect:
1. the present invention adopts the burner method of extraordinary chamber structure and special construction to combine, can a large amount of low calorific value waste gas of multifuel combustion with the design of its uniqueness, the calorific value of waste gas can at below 400kcal/Nm3, and the flow of waste gas can account for less than 50% of boiler smoke tolerance; And the gas making slag of the industrial waste of burning fertilizer of holding concurrently and conny etc., this product can reach efficiency of combustion more than 99%, environmental protection and energy saving excellent, advanced technology.
A large amount of waste gas is introduced the top of ebullated bed by the present invention, and the flue gas Homogeneous phase mixing that can produce with coal after making it enter boiler, does not affect the burning of coal dust, and the structure of this product is different from the chamber structure of conventional fluidized-bed combustion boiler greatly, adopts trapezium structure.
The present invention adopts THE EVAPORATING SYSTEM WITH NATURAL CIRCULATION; Simplify boiler implosion and the method for operation, air distribution plate passes through circulating water and using directed flowing blast cap technology, reaches even fluidizing for burner hearth bed material and object that is directed flow, facilitates burning of coal, the discharge of limestone desulfurization and lime-ash.
The present invention is provided with a larger free space in upper furnace, and what under secondary wind action, improve fuel burns degree; Higher service speed need not be adopted in burner hearth can to reach heat and mass transfer effect in high speed bed, greatly can alleviate the wearing and tearing of heating surface; Burner hearth bottom support, modular structure, both simplify boiler design, save boiler erection time and expense again; The special burner of this product is mixed into nozzle arrangements, effectively waste gas can be introduced burner hearth.
The present invention utilizes special low speed circulating fluidized bed burner hearth and burner structure to mix a large amount of low calorific value waste gas device of burning, effectively can utilize the utilization rate of waste heat and raising waste heat, improve the utilization ratio of overall waste gas.
Boiler structure of the present invention is simply ingenious, effectively can realize will guaranteeing of technique, strong adaptability, wide adaptability;
7. the present invention effectively can improve the parameter such as temperature, pressure, flow of the working medium that waste heat flue gas produces, and can improve the generating efficiency of generating set.
The present invention effectively can utilize the waste fuel in the chemical products of colm and gas-making cinder, heightens the utilization rate of waste fuel, its environmental protection and energy-saving effect remarkable.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of this product.
Accompanying drawing 2 is left views of accompanying drawing 1.
Accompanying drawing 3 is stereograms of accompanying drawing 1.
Accompanying drawing 4 is stereograms of accompanying drawing 2.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1:
The mixed combustion device of a kind of low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, its composition comprises: burner hearth bottom half has an air compartment 2, one time air compartment lower end connects First air pipeline joint 13, one time air compartment upper end is connected blast cap 5 by circulating water pipe 3 with the water-cooled distributor 4 with Residue extraction pipeline, the burner hearth casing top that water-cooled distributor connects connects coal supply interface 7 in turn, gas burner interface 6, secondary air chamber interface 8, horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank 9 is arranged in burner hearth lower box space, steam-generating bank connects pipe laying entrance header entrance 10, burner hearth casing upper space front-back wall has the water-cooling wall 11 extended by pipe laying, burner hearth casing top connects rising exhaust gases passes 12, separator feed back interface 14 directly stretches into burner hearth lower box, First air pipeline joint directly stretches into an air compartment.
Embodiment 2:
The mixed combustion device of the low speed circulating fluidized bed described in embodiment 1 and low calorific value waste gas, described rising exhaust gases passes connects one group of vertical cyclone separator, upper furnace rising exhaust gases passes draws flue gas, described burner hearth casing surrounding is made up of backplate and thermal insulating liner, point upper and lower two parts in burner hearth, bottom is bed material and fuel concentrated area, during fluidisation, height of formation is more than one meter emulsion zone, the main evaporating heating surface tube bank as boiler is arranged at emulsion zone, the top of emulsion zone is free space, at the bare-tube wall that the front-back wall of the depth direction in this space is arranged symmetrically with, it is combustion-supporting that coal-fired First air enters emulsion zone from blast cap, Secondary Air is the direct adjustment completing burning of fuel or free space flue-gas temperature from both walls freedom of entry space then, described burner hearth casing top is trapezoidal layout.
Described burner hearth casing both walls top connects one group of gas flare, described burner hearth casing front wall top connects one group of gas flare, separator feed back standpipe 14 is through described burner hearth box house, described burner hearth outer case is equipped with pipe laying entrance header, and water-cooling wall outlet header arranged outward by described burner hearth casing.Described burner hearth casing front wall is equipped with two feeders 16, and described burner hearth casing is built with bare-tube wall 17, and described burner hearth casing top has one group of gas flare hole 15 and separator ash returning tube hole.
Embodiment 3:
Burner hearth casing both walls top described in the mixed combustion device of the low speed circulating fluidized bed described in embodiment 1 and low calorific value waste gas is connected one group of gas flare, described burner hearth casing front wall top connects one group of gas flare, separator feed back standpipe is through described burner hearth box house, pipe laying entrance header is housed outside described burner hearth casing, water-cooling wall outlet header arranged outward by described burner hearth casing, described burner hearth casing is built with bare-tube wall, and described burner hearth casing top has one group of gas flare hole and separator ash returning tube hole.The water-cooling wall that described pipe laying and pipe laying extend is built with work steam-water twin phases medium; In described water-cooled distributor, water cooling tube is built with working water medium.
Embodiment 4:
The mixed burning method of a kind of low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, described burner hearth casing surrounding is made up of backplate and thermal insulating liner, point upper and lower two parts in burner hearth casing, and bottom is bed material and fuel concentrated area, the emulsion zone of height of formation more than one meter during fluidisation, the heat of draws fuel release; Horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank is arranged, as the main evaporating heating surface of boiler at emulsion zone; The top of emulsion zone is free space, at the bare-tube wall that the front-back wall of the depth direction of this free space is arranged symmetrically with, it is combustion-supporting that coal-fired First air enters emulsion zone from blast cap, and Secondary Air is the direct adjustment completing burning of fuel or free space flue-gas temperature from both walls freedom of entry space then; Burner hearth casing front wall collocation two Coal-spreader Feeder holes, multiple gas flare hole, the multiple gas flare hole of burner hearth casing both walls each point of two-layer layout, burner hearth casing top has exhanst gas outlet hole and separator ash returning tube hole; Burner hearth casing top is trapezoidal layout, increases the volume of burner hearth, is conducive to the burning of waste gas.
Embodiment 5:
The mixed burning method of above-mentioned low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, can using air quantity send into burner hearth as First air from furnace bottom air compartment, make a streamization and the required oxygen of supply burning; The secondary air chamber of Secondary Air above burner hearth both sides sends into burner hearth, strengthens flue gas disturbance, impels fuel to burn further; Also has a certain proportion of air quantity as waste gas burning wind; First air promotes the burning of bed stream and fuel, and the guarantee free space of Secondary Air does not burn burning of particle; An air compartment is that power bar adds guard board structure, and all wall liners, with abrasion-proof and refractory layer and heat insulation layer, are equiped with startup heater outside the mixed air compartment of air compartment entrance, and this burner adapted oil gun is oil-return type in mechanical atomization; An air compartment is except self loading, and the load also supporting whole burner hearth separator and horizontal flue is finally delivered on the framework bottom air compartment again; Secondary air chamber is welded into by steel plate, and air compartment self loading is directly born on burner hearth backplate; A certain proportion of wind is as waste gas burning wind, and collection gas flare enters upper furnace; Boiler adopts stove down-firing mode, and adopt coil water-cooling pattern protecting cloth aerofoil, the blast cap air-out direction of air distribution plate is by counterclockwise ordered arrangement; directed flow; make fine particle bed expect abundant fluidisation, fuel fully contacts with air, reaches the object of catching fire with burning.
Embodiment 6:
In the mixed burning method of above-mentioned low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, in this case, the design of burner hearth and burner are key technologies, also be the core place of the technology, the structure of this boiler is different from the chamber structure of conventional fluidized-bed combustion boiler greatly, adopts trapezium structure:
A) boiler adopts THE EVAPORATING SYSTEM WITH NATURAL CIRCULATION.Simplify boiler implosion and the method for operation.
Air distribution plate passes through circulating water and using directed flowing blast cap technology, reaches even fluidizing for burner hearth bed material and object that is directed flow, thus promotes burning of coal, the discharge of limestone desulfurization and lime-ash.
Be provided with a larger free space in upper furnace, that under secondary wind action, improves fuel burns degree.
Higher service speed need not be adopted in burner hearth can to reach heat and mass transfer effect in high speed bed, greatly can alleviate the wearing and tearing of heating surface.
Bottom support, modular structure, both simplify boiler design, save boiler erection time and expense again.
Special burner is mixed into nozzle arrangements, effectively waste gas can be introduced burner hearth.

Claims (1)

1. the mixed burning method of a low speed circulating fluidized bed and low calorific value waste gas, it is characterized in that: point upper and lower two parts in burner hearth casing, bottom is bed material and fuel concentrated area, the emulsion zone of height of formation more than one meter during fluidisation, the heat of draws fuel release, described burner hearth casing surrounding is made up of backplate and thermal insulating liner; Horizontal pipe laying steam-generating bank is arranged, as the main evaporating heating surface of boiler at emulsion zone; The top of emulsion zone is free space, at the bare-tube wall that the front-back wall of the depth direction of this free space is arranged symmetrically with, it is combustion-supporting that coal-fired First air enters emulsion zone from blast cap, and Secondary Air is the direct adjustment completing burning of fuel or free space flue-gas temperature from both walls freedom of entry space then; Burner hearth casing front wall collocation two Coal-spreader Feeder holes, multiple gas flare hole, the multiple gas flare hole of burner hearth casing both walls each point of two-layer layout, burner hearth casing top has exhanst gas outlet hole and separator ash returning tube hole; Burner hearth casing top adopts the volume increasing burner hearth, is conducive to the trapezoidal layout of the burning of waste gas;
Air quantity sends into burner hearth as First air from furnace bottom air compartment, makes a streamization and the required oxygen of supply burning; The secondary air chamber of Secondary Air above burner hearth both sides sends into burner hearth, strengthens flue gas disturbance, impels fuel to burn further, as waste gas burning wind; First air promotes the burning of bed stream and fuel, and Secondary Air ensures that free space does not burn burning of particle; An air compartment is that power bar adds guard board structure, and all wall liners, with abrasion-proof and refractory layer and heat insulation layer, are equiped with startup heater outside the mixed air compartment of air compartment entrance, and this burner adapted oil gun is oil-return type in mechanical atomization; An air compartment is except self loading, and the load also supporting whole burner hearth separator and horizontal flue is finally delivered on the framework bottom air compartment again; Secondary air chamber is welded into by steel plate, and air compartment self loading is directly born on burner hearth backplate; A certain proportion of air quantity, as waste gas burning wind, enters upper furnace through gas flare; Boiler adopts stove down-firing mode, and adopt coil water-cooling pattern protecting cloth aerofoil, the blast cap air-out direction of air distribution plate is by counterclockwise ordered arrangement; directed flow; make fine particle bed expect abundant fluidisation, fuel fully contacts with air, reaches the object of catching fire with burning.
CN201210043935.9A 2012-02-26 2012-02-26 Low speed circulating fluidized bed and lower-heating-value waste gas mixed burning device and method Active CN102537942B (en)

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CN105570908B (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-11-14 山东聊城中盛蓝瑞化工有限公司 Method and system for recycling and treating waste
CN106931446A (en) * 2015-12-31 2017-07-07 未名生物环保集团有限公司 Rubbish high-efficiency environment friendly pyrolysis installation
CN106813239A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-09 苏州迪森生物能源有限公司 A kind of boiler furnace device
CN109185873B (en) * 2018-09-29 2023-12-12 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 Coal feeding port device for circulating fluidized bed boiler
CN110486717A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-22 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 It is a kind of to mix the CFB boiler system for burning waste gas and waste liquid

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