CN102531183A - Method for controlling eutrophication of fish farming area in freshwater cage by floating plants - Google Patents
Method for controlling eutrophication of fish farming area in freshwater cage by floating plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN102531183A CN102531183A CN2012100011098A CN201210001109A CN102531183A CN 102531183 A CN102531183 A CN 102531183A CN 2012100011098 A CN2012100011098 A CN 2012100011098A CN 201210001109 A CN201210001109 A CN 201210001109A CN 102531183 A CN102531183 A CN 102531183A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of control to eutrophication of fish farming areas in freshwater cages, in particular to an ecological restoration method for controlling the eutrophication of a fish farming area in a freshwater cage by floating plants. The method comprises the following steps: 1) floating aquatic plants are put into the freshwater cage, and the density of the floating aquatic plants put initially is smaller than 2.3 kg/m2; and 2) after the density of the floating aquatic plants is larger than 5.6 kg/m2, the floating aquatic plants are recovered so as to cause the density of the recovered floating aquatic plants to be smaller than 2.3 kg/m2. In the invention, floating plant cultivation and cage culture are combined, repaired living beings can decorate the water lever to have an ornamental value, above all, the eutrophication of the fish farming area in the freshwater cage is relieved by a simple method at very low cost remarkably, and the ecological environment problem unsolved for a long time is effectively solved. Therefore, the method provided by the invention has prominent ecological benefits, social benefits and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the freshwater cage district's eutrophication control of breeding fish, particularly relate to and a kind ofly administer the breed fish ecological restoring method of district's eutrophication of freshwater cage with pleuston.
Background technology
Cage culture is the important way of China's natural waters intensive aquaculture; But residual bait and fish movements (ight soil etc.) a large amount of in breeding process have directly got into the breed waters, have increased the content of water body organism, cause the waters eutrophication; Contaminate environment not only, and jeopardize aquaculture.In recent years; With high waterplant is that the bioremediation technology of core is widely used in the prevention and cure of pollution of water bodys such as sewage, trade effluent, aquaculture wastewater, eutrophic lake, river course; It has less investment, risk little, do not produce advantage such as secondary pollution, become one of main path of control water pollution.How to utilize the Water purification of waterplant, aquatic plant cultivation is combined with cage culture, development has the environment protection ecologic net cage of purification function, becomes one of key problem in technology that can cage culture Sustainable development.
Utilize high waterplant to absorb nutritive salt in the water, the means through artificial results waterplant migrate out water body with nutritive salt, reach the purpose of alleviating and eliminating eutrophication, and the approach of this biological prosthetic is that reality is feasible.That is, in freshwater cage, cultivate waterplant, waterplant forms natural filtering layer through huge branches and leaves and root system, and pollutant in water is adsorbed, decomposes or transforms, and promotes the waters nutrient balance; Waterplant also can discharge O through photosynthesis
2, add the dissolved oxygen amount of water surrounding, suppress the growth of unwanted bacteria, reduce CH
4, H
2S, NH
3Wait the generation of some toxic and harmfuls: create good breeding environment, strengthen the disease resistance of cultured fishes, improve the fish growth rate.
At present, having seen has the utilization submerged plant (hornwort, water caltrop) is administered the breed fish technology report of district's eutrophication of China's freshwater cage, and the utilization pleuston carries out the breed fish technology report of district's eutrophication control of freshwater cage and also very lacks.Before present patent application, Shang Weiyou utilizes pleuston to administer the successful example that freshwater cage is breeded fish and distinguished eutrophication and combine production application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to according to ecological principle, adopts pleuston that the freshwater cage district's eutrophication of breeding fish is carried out biological prosthetic, and has realized annual continual reparation.Another object of the present invention is that the waterplant water lettuce that is used to repair is interspersed the water surface, not only has ornamental value, also can be used as the feed of pig, fish.Not only solve ecological environment problem but also produce considerable economic.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of administer freshwater cage breed fish the district eutrophication method, comprise step:
1) the floatability waterplant is invested in the fish culture cage, initial floatability waterplant density of throwing in is not more than 2.3kg/m
2
2) when the density of said floatability waterplant greater than 5.6kg/m
2After gather, make floatability waterplant density after gathering less than 2.3kg/m
2
Preferable, described floatability waterplant is a water lettuce.
The present invention, the water lettuce Pistia stratiotes medium called literature, also known as water hibiscus, pig grass, lettuce, etc., whose Latin name is Pistia? Stratiotes? L., under Araceae (Araceae) large Piao genus (Pistia), perennial herbaceous aquatic floating property.
Preferable, the floatability waterplant density of said initial input is minimum to be 0.1kg/m
2
Preferable, described fish culture cage can be rectangular build, can be the fish culture cage that uses in the actual production, and its length and width is all unrestricted, and the degree of depth is preferably 2～4m greater than 1m.
Preferable, the water temperature in said cage culture district is 20-36 ℃.
Preferable, the fish in the said fish culture cage can be in present China freshwater cage breed variety, suit in the middle lower floor of water body most of kinds of living.Such as: long snout catfish (Leiocassis? Longirostris), is Siluriformes, BAGRID; catfish (Pelteobagrus? Fulvidraco), is Siluriformes, BAGRID; catfish (Ietalurus? Punetaus), is Siluriformes, channel catfish Branch; carp (Cyprinus? carpio), are Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae; tilapia (Tilapia), genus Perciformes suborder, cichlid and so on.Because cage culture is used the difference of mixed feed type, it is worthy of note:
When using floating pellet diet; A frame box that swims in the water surface can be set in fish culture cage; Four limit height of this frame box prolong 40cm and exceed water surface 20cm at least to the underwater at least, and the water meter area in the frame box should account for 20%～30% of whole fish culture cage water meter area.At this moment, said floatability waterplant should be invested in outside the frame box.
When using sinking pellet diet or mash feed, a chassis can be set in fish culture cage, it is to make with strong Vilaterm screen cloth; High 10～the 15cm in its four limit, long-pending 20%～30% of the net cage bottom area that accounts for of food table top.
The present invention also further discloses the purposes of a kind of floatability waterplant, and promptly said floatability waterplant is used to repair the eutrophication that freshwater cage is breeded fish and distinguished.
Described floatability waterplant is a water lettuce.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) simple pleuston cultivation is combined with cage culture; Raise together with; Not only can the reparation biology of selecting for use be used to intersperse the water surface, have ornamental value, and can be used as the feed of pig, fish; And the more important thing is and be used for the breed fish biological prosthetic of eutrophication in district of freshwater cage; Alleviate the freshwater cage district's eutrophication of breeding fish significantly with simple method, very low cost, solved pendent for a long time ecological environment problem effectively, had outstanding ecological benefits, social benefit and economic benefit.
2) the used reparation biology of the present invention is easy to get, and without specific installation and complex technology, only utilizes net cage to accomplish, and working method is simple and convenient and easy to study, and flexibility is strong, is easy to promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fish culture cage among the present invention.
Embodiment
Contriver of the present invention finds: the floatability waterplant is combined with cage culture, raise together with, can repair the eutrophication that freshwater cage is breeded fish and distinguished effectively.Therefore, contriver of the present invention has proposed a kind ofly to utilize the floatability waterplant to administer the breed fish method of district's eutrophication of freshwater cage.Solve pendent for a long time ecological environment problem effectively, had outstanding ecological benefits, social benefit and economic benefit.
Below in conjunction with the more complete description the present invention of diagram; Preferred embodiment provided by the invention; Only be used for illustrating the present invention; And scope of the present invention not doing any restriction, modification and variation that any personnel that are familiar with this technology can realize easily include in the scope of the present invention and accompanying claims.
The present invention at first provide a kind of administer freshwater cage breed fish the district eutrophication method, comprise step:
1) the floatability waterplant is invested in the fish culture cage, initial floatability waterplant density of throwing in is less than 2.3kg/m
2, and initially throw in floatability waterplant density and be greater than 0.1kg/m
2
2) when the density of said floatability waterplant greater than 5.6kg/m
2After gather, make floatability waterplant density after gathering less than 2.3kg/m
2
As shown in Figure 1,1 is fish culture cage among the figure, and 2 is the floatability waterplant.Fish culture cage can be the fish culture cage that uses in the actual production, is rectangular build, and its length and width is all unrestricted, and the degree of depth is preferably 2～4m greater than 1m.
The water temperature in said cage culture district is 20-36 ℃.
Below just come the present invention is elaborated with the concrete application example of water lettuce.
Use floatability waterplant water lettuce, the test of eutrophication environment remediation, cage culture district water temperature 20-36 ℃ were carried out in the soldierly bearing fishery cage culture base in the Yichang 8～October in 2011.Cage size is 5 * 4 * 2.5m, and the water lettuce of initially putting in a suitable place to breed is 1.74kg/m
2
With 1 net cage is example, and its result is: initially put water lettuce 34.75kg in a suitable place to breed, nitrogen, phosphorus amount that the water lettuce that the warp measuring and calculating is initially put in a suitable place to breed is imported in water are respectively 30.17g and 6.4g.Duration of test has 3 harvestings, and (density of water lettuce is 1.74kg/m before the harvesting for the first time
2, gathering in water lettuce weight for the first time is 56.25kg, aftercrop water lettuce weight is 69.75kg, the, three times harvesting water lettuce weight is 64.0kg).
From water, gather in the crops water lettuce 189.5kg altogether through measuring and calculating, the nitrogen, the phosphorus amount that remove from water body through the measuring and calculating water lettuce are respectively 278.38g and 71.15g.
The integrated ecology renovation method that this instance adopts water lettuce and cage culture to combine is breeded fish with the control freshwater cage and is distinguished the eutrophication environment, obtains effect preferably.With 1 net cage is example, through the cultivation of water lettuce, the clean work output of nitrogen, phosphorus in the water is respectively 24821g and 64.75g, and this helps to alleviate freshwater cage and breeds fish to the pollution problem of inner waters.
The cage culture district carries out this instance in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and the water lettuce scope is wide, all can survive throughout the year in areas to the south, China the Changjiang river, has realized annual continual reparation.Water lettuce is the floating phyto-group that is grown on the mild relatively lake of current; Plant root is flourishing; Grow, breed rapidly, can fast and effeciently absorb a large amount of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive substances that exist in the eutrophication water, body eutrophication improvement and WWT are had vital role.According to the results presumption of this instance, cage culture district and even the national freshwater cage district of breeding fish promotes if pleuston water lettuce and cage culture bonded scale are in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, will obtain good eutrophication environmental improvement effect.
Claims (10)
- One kind administer freshwater cage breed fish the district eutrophication method, comprise step:1) the floatability waterplant is invested in the fish culture cage, initial floatability waterplant density of throwing in is not more than 2.3kg/m 22) when the density of said floatability waterplant greater than 5.6kg/m 2After gather, make floatability waterplant density after gathering less than 2.3kg/m 2
- 2. improvement freshwater cage as claimed in claim 1 is breeded fish and is distinguished the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that described floatability waterplant is a water lettuce.
- 3. improvement freshwater cage as claimed in claim 1 is breeded fish and is distinguished the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that the floatability waterplant density of said initial input is minimum to be 0.1kg/m 2
- 4. improvement freshwater cage as claimed in claim 1 is breeded fish and is distinguished the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that described fish culture cage is rectangular build, and the degree of depth is greater than 1m.
- 5. improvement freshwater cage as claimed in claim 4 is breeded fish and is distinguished the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that the degree of depth of described fish culture cage is 2～4m.
- 6. improvement freshwater cage as claimed in claim 1 is breeded fish and is distinguished the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that the water temperature in said cage culture district is 20-36 ℃.
- 7. like the breed fish method of district's eutrophication of the arbitrary described improvement freshwater cage of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, when using floating pellet diet to breed fish, in said fish culture cage, be provided with one swim in the water surface the frame box; The height of said frame box prolongs 40cm to the underwater at least, and exceeds at least more than the water surface 20cm, and the water meter area in the said frame box accounts for 20%～30% of the interior water meter area of said fish culture cage.
- 8. breed fish like the arbitrary described improvement freshwater cage of claim 1-6 and distinguish the method for eutrophication, it is characterized in that, when using sinking pellet diet or mash feed to breed fish, a chassis is set in said fish culture cage; The height on said chassis is 10～15cm, long-pending 20%～30% of the said fish culture cage bottom area that accounts for of food table top on the said chassis.
- 9. the purposes of a floatability waterplant is characterized in that, said floatability waterplant is used to repair the eutrophication that freshwater cage is breeded fish and distinguished.
- 10. purposes as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described floatability waterplant is a water lettuce.
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| CN 201210001109 CN102531183B (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2012-01-04 | Method for controlling eutrophication of fish farming area in freshwater cage by floating plants |
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| CN 201210001109 CN102531183B (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2012-01-04 | Method for controlling eutrophication of fish farming area in freshwater cage by floating plants |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798119A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-21 | 广西大学 | Multifunctional lemna minor culturing net cage for pond |
| CN104663389A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for governing eutrophication of fresh water net cage fish-farming area |
| CN106613277A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北科技学院 | Efficient lotus root planting net cage |
| CN106630164A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Aquatic plant in-situ restoration method of eutrophicated water body |
| CN113207774A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-06 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Plant merging fish culture net cage for controlling pollution |
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| US5985147A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1999-11-16 | Science Applications International Corporation | Integrated system and method for purifying water, producing pulp, and improving soil quality |
| CN1426966A (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-02 | 中国科学院武汉植物研究所 | Method of restoring nutrition enriched shallow lake aquatic vegetation |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5985147A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1999-11-16 | Science Applications International Corporation | Integrated system and method for purifying water, producing pulp, and improving soil quality |
| CN1426966A (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-02 | 中国科学院武汉植物研究所 | Method of restoring nutrition enriched shallow lake aquatic vegetation |
| CN101264983A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2008-09-17 | 昆明天地根科技有限公司 | System and device for treating water pollution by biological cultivation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 傅义龙 等: "凤眼莲和水蕹菜净化养鱼池塘水质效果的试验", 《江西水产科技》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104663389A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for governing eutrophication of fresh water net cage fish-farming area |
| CN103798119A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-21 | 广西大学 | Multifunctional lemna minor culturing net cage for pond |
| CN106630164A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Aquatic plant in-situ restoration method of eutrophicated water body |
| CN106613277A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北科技学院 | Efficient lotus root planting net cage |
| CN113207774A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-06 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Plant merging fish culture net cage for controlling pollution |
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| CN102531183B (en) | 2013-09-11 |
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