CN102531162A - First-grid upflow ABR (Anaerobic Baffled Reactor) reactor improved device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste water and sewage anaerobic treatment device and method. The device comprises a first-grid upflow reaction zone, an upflow reaction chamber cascade reaction zone. By taking UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) design principle as reference, a three phase separator is arranged in the first-grid reaction zone of and ABR (Anaerobic Baffled Reactor) reactor, and sludge concentration is effectively improved, thus resistance to impact load of the whole reactor is improved, and the problems that the first-grid reaction zone of the traditional ABR reactor bears high load and a local part is overloaded can be solved; a baffle is arranged close to the water inlet of a baffling reaction grid chamber, effluent manner is changed into side weir effluent, mud water mixed state is improved, and the defect that the traditional ABR reactor has multiple channels and dead angles is overcome; a filler zone is arranged in the upflow reaction chamber, and sludge is prevented from rising while microorganism enrichment effect is improved, thus being beneficial to creating anaerobic microorganism proliferation environment reaction zones of which are relatively independent. The device provided by the invention can be directly applied to small and medium-scale domestic sewage anaerobic treatment, and industrial waste water and the like can enter into the reactor after being subjected to pretreatment.

Description

Shouge Upflow ABR Reactor Improvement Device and Method

technical field

The invention relates to a device and method for anaerobic treatment of sewage and wastewater, which belongs to the category of reactors and is mainly used for the pretreatment of urban domestic sewage, chemical industry, printing and dyeing and other industrial wastewater. Small and medium-scale domestic sewage can directly enter the reactor after being collected. Wastewater enters the reactor after pretreatment.

Background technique

Anaerobic treatment reactors mainly include upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor (UASB), expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB), anaerobic internal circulation reactor (IC), anaerobic folded plate reactor (ABR), etc. UASB reactor has the dual characteristics of anaerobic filtration and anaerobic activated sludge method at the same time. On the basis of forming granular sludge, muddy water and biogas are effectively separated through a three-phase separator, so it is resistant to impact loads; the disadvantage is three-phase separation The device structure is complex. The characteristic of the ABR reactor is that multiple baffles are set in the reactor along the water flow direction to divide the reactor into several series reaction zones, and each reaction zone is divided into an upflow chamber and a downflow chamber. Due to the baffle Due to the blocking of the plate and the self-settling performance of the sludge, the sludge is mostly trapped in its own reaction zone, forming a relatively independent microbial reaction zone. The disadvantages are: the load to be borne by the Shouge reaction zone is much greater than the average load, resulting in partial load overload; the upflow chamber with a large volume and a small ascending flow rate is prone to channeling and dead angles, which greatly reduces the volume load of the reactor.

Contents of the invention

1. Purpose of the invention

The object of the present invention is to divide the improved device of the first up-flow ABR reactor into the first up-flow type reaction zone and the series reaction zone of the baffled reaction chamber. Drawing lessons from the design principle of the UASB reactor, making full use of the Shouge water inlet pump for dynamic water distribution, setting a three-phase separator in the Shouge reaction area of the ABR reactor, and adopting an upflow water inlet method to divide the Shouge reaction area into reaction areas , mud-water separation area, and exhaust area, effectively improving the ability of the ABR reactor to cope with the impact of high-load sewage and wastewater. Set deflectors and baffles in the upward flow reaction chamber, and use the overflow method of peripheral weirs to effectively improve the mixing and turbulent degree of sewage in the upper flow chamber; set a packing area in the upper flow chamber to improve the enrichment effect of anaerobic microorganisms and effectively The rising sludge is intercepted to prevent it from entering the next reaction zone, creating a relatively independent anaerobic microbial proliferation environment.

2. Technical solution

The technical solution of the present invention: an anaerobic treatment device for sewage and wastewater. The first reaction chamber adopts the UASB reactor design structure, and a baffle baffle is arranged on the upper part, and a reflection cone is arranged on the middle part, and the first reaction zone is divided into a reaction area, an exhaust zone and mud-water separation zone, which can effectively reduce the loss of anaerobic sludge caused by gas production and rising water flow; after the Shouge reaction zone, there are multiple downflow reaction chambers and upflow reaction chambers in series, and the downflow and upflow reaction chambers are connected in series. The upward flow reaction chamber is separated by deflectors and inclined plates, the width of the upward flow reaction chamber is larger than that of the downward flow reaction chamber, and the upper flow chamber is equipped with fillers, thus forming three sludge settlement areas, packing areas, and upper flow chamber mud-water separation areas. area; during the reflux process of sewage and wastewater in the upstream and downstream reaction chambers, in addition to the diversion effect of the deflector, there is also the function of uniform water distribution played by the baffle in the upper chamber. Turbulent mixing overcomes the shortcomings of channel flow and many dead ends in the upper chamber of the traditional ABR reactor.

A method for anaerobic treatment of sewage and wastewater, the steps of which are:

1. Sewage and waste water enter the reaction zone of the reactor from the bottom, and granular sludge is formed in the reaction zone A, and the gas mixed with the sludge generated by fermentation collides with the reflector cone (2) and the baffle plate (1) during the rising process, causing sludge Gas separation, the separated gas is discharged from the exhaust area (B) and recycled through the exhaust port (9), the degassed mud-water mixture enters the mud-water separation area (C) for mud-water separation, and the separated supernatant overflows into the In the next reaction zone, the settled sludge slides down to the main reaction zone (A) to participate in the decomposition of pollutants.

2. Each reaction area of the ABR reactor is separated by a partition or a partition wall (3), and the downflow reaction chamber and the upflow reaction chamber are separated by a deflector (4) and an inclined plate (5). The effluent from the reaction zone enters the downflow reaction chamber (D1) of the ABR reactor, and enters the upflow chamber under the diversion action of the deflector (4) and the inclined plate (5), and the baffle (6) plays the role of uniform water inflow. The width of the upflow chamber is larger than that of the downflow chamber, so the flow rate into the upflow chamber will be significantly reduced, promoting the sludge to form a sludge settlement zone (E1) at the bottom of the upflow chamber, and the middle part of the upflow chamber is a filler zone (F1), where combined fillers or suspended filler balls are set etc., enrich anaerobic microorganisms, and effectively purify sewage through microbial decomposition. After the mud-water mixture is separated in the G1 area, the supernatant is collected by the overflow of the surrounding weir (8) and enters the next reaction area. After multiple purifications, the overflow discharge. The number of series connection of up and down flow reaction chambers varies with the quality of influent water.

3. The slant plate (5) diversion combined with the baffle plate (6) evenly enters the water, and the peripheral weir (8) overflows the water, effectively playing the role of turbulent mixing of the sewage in the upper chamber. The bottom of each ABR reaction zone is provided with an inclined slope (7), and the settled sludge slides to a corner of the reaction zone and is regularly removed.

3. Beneficial effects:

1) Since the Shouge reaction zone adopts an upflow water inlet similar to UASB, it has the conditions to form granular sludge, high volume load, and strong impact load resistance, which effectively improves the impact load resistance of the entire ABR reactor and solves the problem of The Shouge reaction zone of the traditional ABR reactor bears a large load and the local load is overloaded; the setting of the three-phase separator can effectively reduce the loss of anaerobic sludge caused by gas production and water flow.

2) In the retention process of the sewage and wastewater in the upper and lower reaction chambers, in addition to the diversion effect of the deflector, there is also a uniform water distribution function played by the baffle barrier. Combined with the water outlet method of the surrounding weir, the sewage and wastewater are fully mixed in the upper flow chamber , Overcoming the shortcomings of channeling and many dead ends in the upper chamber of the traditional ABR reactor.

3) The upflow chamber is equipped with a packing area to improve the enrichment effect of anaerobic microorganisms and at the same time block the rise of anaerobic sludge. The supernatant overflows from the weir around the top of the mud-water separation area, and the settled sludge is concentrated in the respective reaction areas. One corner, cleared regularly, does not affect other reaction areas. Each reaction area creates a relatively independent anaerobic microbial proliferation environment. There are many types of anaerobic microorganisms, and the anaerobic process is also complex and multi-process. The method of partitioning can improve the efficiency of anaerobic treatment. .

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the improvement device of Shouge upflow ABR reactor.

Among them, 1 is baffle, 2 is reflection cone, 3 is partition or partition wall, 4 is deflector, 5 is inclined plate of deflector, 6 is baffle, 7 is slope, 8 is peripheral weir, 9 is the exhaust port; A is the reaction area, B is the exhaust area, C is the mud-water separation area, D1, D2, D3 are the downward flow reaction chambers, E1, E2, E3 are the sludge settlement areas, F1, F2, F3 is the filling area, G1, G2, and G3 are the mud-water separation areas in the upper chambers.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overflow of the peripheral weir.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2.

Example

Comparing with Figures 1 and 2, the main structure of the Shouge upflow ABR reactor improvement device can be a brick-concrete structure or a steel structure. The reaction chamber is connected in series with reaction areas, and each reaction area is separated by a partition or a partition wall (3). After the sewage water is collected, it enters the Shouge reaction zone of the reactor from the bottom, and the opening of the water inlet pipe is downward to prevent the sedimentation sludge from blocking the water inlet pipe. During the upflow process of sewage, it contacts the granular sludge formed in the reaction zone A, anaerobic microorganisms decompose, assimilate and absorb organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage, and the gas substances such as methane and hydrogen generated by the decomposition of organic matter are mixed with part of the sludge. The reflection cone (2) and the baffle plate (1), the reflection cone and the baffle plate are steel structure or hard plastic structure, the reflection cone is triangular shape, the deflection baffle angle is 120°～145°, the reflection cone and The deflection baffle overlaps more than one side. After the gas is reflected and blocked, it is discharged from the exhaust area (B) and recycled through the exhaust port (9). The mud-water mixture after gas separation passes through the reflection cone and the deflection baffle. The gap between them enters the mud-water separation zone (C), where there is no disturbance of gas production, the sludge settles under the action of gravity, meets the reflection cone and slides down to the reaction zone to continue to participate in the purification of pollutants, and the supernatant overflows The flow enters the downflow chamber (D1) of the second compartment reaction zone. The upper and lower flow chambers of the second grid reaction zone are separated by a deflector (4) and an inclined plate (5). The deflector and the inclined plate can be made of steel or hard plastic, and the angle between the deflector and the inclined plate is 120. ° ~ 145°, the volume of the upstream and downstream reaction chambers is 2:1 ~ 3:1, the sewage enters the upstream chamber under the diversion of the deflector and the inclined plate, due to the increase in volume, the upward flow rate of the sewage in the upstream chamber is significantly higher than the downward flow rate in the downstream chamber lower, the baffle (6) stops and promotes uniform water distribution, and at the same time promotes the settlement of suspended matter in the sewage in the sludge settlement zone (E1). The slope at the bottom of the second reaction zone is 5%, and the settled sludge slides to a corner of the reaction zone. Remove regularly. The filling area (F1) in the middle of the upflow chamber accounts for 1/3 to 1/2 of the volume of the upflow chamber. As the filler, combined fillers or suspended filler balls (the suspended filler balls need to be fixed) are used to enrich anaerobic microorganisms. The microorganisms enriched on the filler are The main participant in sewage purification, part of the shed microorganisms settles into the sludge settlement area, and part enters the mud-water separation area (G1) of the upper chamber with the upstream sewage, and gradually settles under the action of gravity, and the supernatant overflows through the surrounding weir (8) The flow enters the downflow chamber (D2) of the third grid reaction zone, and the peripheral weir can be a flat weir or a sawtooth weir. The upper and lower flow chambers of the third grid reaction area are separated by the deflector (4) and the inclined plate (5). The deflector and the inclined plate can be made of steel or hard plastic, and the angle between the deflector and the inclined plate is 120. ° ~ 145°, the volume of the upstream and downstream reaction chambers is 2:1 ~ 3:1, the sewage enters the upstream chamber under the diversion of the deflector and the inclined plate, due to the increase in volume, the upward flow rate of the sewage in the upstream chamber is significantly higher than the downward flow rate in the downstream chamber lower, the baffle (6) stops and promotes uniform water distribution, and at the same time promotes the settlement of suspended matter in the sewage in the sludge settlement zone (E2). The slope at the bottom of the third reaction zone is 5%, and the settled sludge slides to a corner of the reaction zone. Remove regularly. The filling area (F2) in the middle of the upflow chamber accounts for 1/3 to 1/2 of the volume of the upflow chamber. As the filler, combined fillers or suspended filler balls (the suspended filler balls need to be fixed) are used to enrich anaerobic microorganisms. The microorganisms enriched on the filler are The main participant in sewage purification, part of the shed microorganisms settles into the sludge settlement area, and part enters the mud-water separation area (G2) of the upper chamber with the upstream sewage, and gradually settles under the action of gravity, and the supernatant overflows through the surrounding weir (8) The flow enters the downflow chamber (D3) of the fourth grid reaction zone, and the peripheral weir can be a flat weir or a sawtooth weir. The upper and lower flow chambers in the reaction zone of the fourth grid are separated by a deflector (4) and an inclined plate (5). The deflector and the inclined plate can be made of steel or hard plastic, and the angle between the deflector and the inclined plate is 120° °～145°, the volume of the upstream and downstream reaction chambers is 2:1～3:1, the sewage enters the upstream chamber under the diversion of the guide plate and the inclined plate, due to the increase in volume, the upward flow rate of the sewage in the upstream chamber is significantly higher than the downward flow rate in the downstream chamber lower, the baffle plate (6) blocks and promotes uniform water distribution, and at the same time promotes the settlement of suspended matter in the sewage in the sludge settlement zone (E3). The slope at the bottom of the fourth reaction zone is 5%, and the settled sludge slides to a corner of the reaction zone. Remove regularly. The filling area (F3) in the middle of the upflow chamber accounts for 1/3 to 1/2 of the volume of the upflow chamber. As the filler, combined fillers or suspended filler balls (the suspended filler balls need to be fixed) are used to enrich anaerobic microorganisms. The microorganisms enriched on the filler are The main participants in sewage purification, part of the shed microorganisms settles into the sludge settlement area, and part enters the mud-water separation area (G3) of the upper chamber with the upstream sewage, and gradually settles under the action of gravity, and the supernatant is overflowed and discharged.

Claims (2)

1. The improvement device of the Shouge upflow ABR reactor, which is characterized by including the Shouge upflow reaction zone and the series reaction zone of the baffled reaction chamber. The Shouge reaction chamber adopts the UASB reactor design structure, with a baffle baffle on the upper part and a reflection cone in the middle, which divides the Shouge reaction area into a reaction area, an exhaust area, and a mud-water separation area; The series connection of the upflow reaction chamber and the upflow reaction chamber, the downflow and upflow reaction chambers are separated by deflectors and inclined plates, the width of the upflow reaction chamber is larger than that of the downflow reaction chamber, and the upflow chamber is equipped with packing , thus forming three areas: sludge settlement area, packing area, and mud-water separation area; during the reflux process of sewage and wastewater in the upper and lower reaction chambers, in addition to the deflector and inclined plate, there is also the blocking of the upper chamber baffle In order to play the role of uniform water distribution, combined with the way of water discharge from the surrounding weirs, the sewage, wastewater and sludge are mixed in the upper chamber. 2. The method for improving the Shouge upflow type ABR reactor is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1. Sewage and waste water enter the reaction zone of the reactor from the bottom, and granular sludge is formed in the reaction zone A, and the gas mixed with the sludge generated by fermentation collides with the reflector cone (2) and the baffle plate (1) during the rising process, causing sludge Gas separation, the separated gas is discharged from the exhaust area (B) and recycled through the exhaust port (9), the degassed mud-water mixture enters the mud-water separation area (C) for mud-water separation, and the separated supernatant overflows into the In the next reaction zone, the settled sludge slides down to the main reaction zone (A) to participate in the decomposition of pollutants. 2. Each reaction area of the ABR reactor is separated by a partition or a partition wall (3), and the downflow reaction chamber and the upflow reaction chamber are separated by a deflector (4) and a sloping plate (5). The effluent from the reaction zone enters the downflow reaction chamber (D1) of the ABR reactor, and enters the upflow chamber under the diversion action of the deflector (4) and the inclined plate (5), and the baffle (6) plays the role of uniform water inflow. The width of the upflow chamber is larger than that of the downflow chamber, so the flow rate into the upflow chamber will be significantly reduced, promoting the sludge to form a sludge settlement zone (E1) at the bottom of the upflow chamber, and the middle part of the upflow chamber is a filler zone (F1), where combined fillers or suspended filler balls are set etc., enrich anaerobic microorganisms, and effectively purify sewage through microbial decomposition. After the mud-water mixture is separated in the G1 area, the supernatant is collected by the overflow of the surrounding weir (8) and enters the next reaction area. After multiple purifications, the overflow discharge. The number of series connection of up and down flow reaction chambers varies with the quality of influent water. 3. The slant plate (5) diversion combined with the baffle plate (6) evenly enters the water, and the peripheral weir (8) overflows the water, effectively playing the role of turbulent mixing of the sewage in the upper chamber. The bottom of each ABR reaction zone is provided with an inclined slope (7), and the settled sludge slides to a corner of the reaction zone and is regularly removed.

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