CN102526809A - Stent for osteochondral defect repair and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Stent for osteochondral defect repair and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102526809A CN102526809A CN2012100560682A CN201210056068A CN102526809A CN 102526809 A CN102526809 A CN 102526809A CN 2012100560682 A CN2012100560682 A CN 2012100560682A CN 201210056068 A CN201210056068 A CN 201210056068A CN 102526809 A CN102526809 A CN 102526809A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stent for osteochondral defect repair. The stent consists of a cartilage layer with pores and a subchondral bone layer with pores, wherein the cartilage layer and the subchondral bone layer are tightly combined into a whole; the material of the cartilage layer is a mixture of type I collagen and chondroitin sulfate; and the material of the subchondral bone layer is porous titanium or porous titanium oxide or a porous titanium alloy. A preparation method of the stent comprises the following steps of: (1) processing the porous titanium or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy to a shape and a size required by the subchondral bone layer; (2) preparing cartilage layer slurry; and (3) molding and treating a stent, putting the subchondral bone layer prepared in the step (1) into a mold, injecting the cartilage layer slurry prepared in the step (2) into the mold, putting the mold into a freeze dryer, freezing for at least 5 hours, molding, performing thermal crosslinking and chemical crosslinking on the molded stent, and putting the chemically-crosslinked stent into sterile water for rinsing to obtain the stent for osteochondral defect repair.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to osteochondral defect and repair member, particularly a kind of support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation.
Background technology
The cartilage injury is very common in orthopaedic disease, but articular cartilage damage treatment difficulty.In clinical and experiment, " support " is used to the reparation of osteochondral defect.
CN 101219069A discloses a kind of two-layer compound support that is used for the bone repair of cartilage; Be made up of pedestal, an end of pedestal is simulation subchondral bone layer for simulation cartilage appearance layer, its other end; Said two-layer combining closely is positioned at said simulation subchondral bone layer outer surface and is provided with screw thread.The material of simulation cartilage appearance layer adopts one or more mixture of chitin, chitin collagen, fibrin, alginate, fibroin, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer; The mixture of one or more in the material employing hydroxyapatite of said simulation subchondral bone layer, tricalcium phosphate, polyether-ether-ketone, polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, the fibroin.Though the support of this kind structure can be used for the reparation of osteochondral defect, can find out that with the manufacturing materials that simulation subchondral bone layer is selected for use mechanical property is difficult to reach requirement from its simulation cartilage appearance layer, biocompatibility has much room for improvement.
CN 100522265C discloses a kind of bionic function integral engineering rack of interface osteochondro tissue that has; Said support is made up of cartilage layers, calcification layer and subchondral bone layer from top to bottom, and cartilage layers closely is connected with the structure of subchondral bone layer by the calcification layer; The composition material of cartilage layers is II Collagen Type VI and chitosan, and the composition material of calcification layer is II Collagen Type VI and hydroxyapatite, and the material of subchondral bone layer is type i collagen and hydroxyapatite, adopts the 3 D-printing forming technique to make.There is following problem in this technical scheme: 1, be made up of cartilage layers, calcification layer and subchondral bone layer from top to bottom owing to support; Its calcification layer is preparatory structure cartilaginous calcification layer; Can intercept the natural transition of bone and cartilage, because normal cartilage calcification layer is the chondrocyte movable naturally cell-matrix complex that forms under biomechanics and local microenvironment effect of living.2, support is a three-decker, and its structure is complicated,, increased manufacture difficulty and cost of manufacture.3. the support mechanical property remains further to be improved.4. adopt the 3 D-printing technology, specification requirement is high, is unfavorable for large-scale promotion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of support that osteochondral defect is repaired that is used for is provided, this kind support not only has excellent biological compatibility and bone chondrocyte induction ability, and mechanical strength increases substantially.
The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention; Constitute by cartilage layers with hole and subchondral bone layer with hole; Said cartilage layers and subchondral bone layer are closely as one; The material of cartilage layers is the mixture of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate, and the material of subchondral bone layer is POROUS TITANIUM or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy.
The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention, in its cartilage layers, the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5～20: 1.
The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention; The thickness H1 of its cartilage layers and the thickness H2 of subchondral bone layer confirm as required; According to clinical experience, the thickness H1 of cartilage layers is generally 3mm～20mm, and the thickness H2 of subchondral bone layer is generally 3mm～25mm.
The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention, the aperture of its cartilage layers hole is 100 μ m～1000 μ m; Its subchondral bone layer has the MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole of multistage connection, and macropore diameter is 1000 μ m～10000 μ m, and small aperture is 10 μ m～1000 μ m, and porosity is 55%～85%.
The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention, its preparation method is following:
(1) making of subchondral bone layer
POROUS TITANIUM or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy are processed into the desired shape and size of subchondral bone layer;
(2) preparation of cartilage layers slurry
Raw material is the acetic acid solution of type i collagen, chondroitin sulfate and mass concentration 0.1-10%, and the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5～20: 1, and the amount of acetic acid solution can be dissolved fully with type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate and exceeded;
Type i collagen is put into the acetic acid solution of mass concentration 0.1～10%; Under 0 ℃～20 ℃, stirring dissolves type i collagen fully; The chondroitin sulfate that adds then also continues to stir, and after chondroitin sulfate dissolves fully, removes bubble, promptly obtains the cartilage layers slurry;
(3) molding of support and processing
1. the subchondral bone layer of step (1) being made is put into mould, and the cartilage layers slurry with step (2) preparation injects mould and mould is put into freeze dryer molding in freezing at least 5 hours then;
2. with molding support put into vacuum drying oven, in 105 ℃ of temperature, pressure less than heat cross-linking under the 50Torr at least 24 hours;
3. the support behind the heat cross-linking is carried out chemical crosslinking, said chemical crosslinking is that the support behind the heat cross-linking is put into carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution, under normal pressure, room temperature, soaks at least 2 hours;
4. the support after the chemical crosslinking is put into sterilized water rinsing at least twice, at least 60 minutes at every turn, promptly obtain the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation.
In the said method, the prescription of carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution is: add carbodiimides 0.138g～5.52g, N-maloyl imines 0.032g～1.28g in the 100mL tri-distilled water.
Support according to the invention should be put into aseptic culture medium, and storage is subsequent use under 4 ℃ environment.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because the subchondral bone layer material that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention is titanium or titanium oxide or titanium alloy; Experiment shows; Support according to the invention not only has excellent biological compatibility, bone chondrocyte induction ability, and also mechanical strength is high, and (compressive strength can reach 60MPa; Elastic modelling quantity can reach 1.8GPa), satisfy the Human Physiology needs.
2, the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention is used for zoopery, demonstrates timbering material according to the invention and have good osteochondral defect repairing effect (seeing embodiment 6).
3, according to the invention to be used for the supporting structure that osteochondral defect repairs simple, and manufacturing requirements is low, and equipment requirements is not high, and the condition controllability is strong, is convenient to large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sem photograph that is used for the subchondral bone layer of the support that osteochondral defect repairs according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is the sem photograph that is used for the cartilage layers of the support that osteochondral defect repairs according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a cell at the growth conditions figure that is used for the cartilage layers of the support that osteochondral defect repairs according to the invention;
Fig. 5 is a cell at the growth curve that is used for the cartilage layers of the support that osteochondral defect repairs according to the invention;
Fig. 6 is the Micro-CT three-dimensional reconstruction figure that the subchondral bone layer that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention is repaired the subchondral bone of animal;
Fig. 7 is the HE colored graph that the cartilage layers that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention is repaired animal cartilage;
Fig. 8 is that the subchondral bone layer that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention is repaired the toluidines blueprint of animal cartilage sending down the fishbone.
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment the structure of the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to the invention and method for preparing and effect are described further below.Among the following embodiment, type i collagen, the chondroitin sulfate of the POROUS TITANIUM of preparation subchondral bone layer or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy and preparation cartilage layers are bio-medical material, buy through market.
In the present embodiment; The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation is as shown in Figure 1, is cylinder, and its diameter is 3mm; Constitute by cartilage layers 1 and subchondral bone layer 2; The thickness H1 of said cartilage layers 1 is 20mm, and the thickness H2 of subchondral bone layer 2 is 25mm, and cartilage layers 1 is closely as one with subchondral bone layer 2.The material of cartilage layers 1 is the mixture of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate; The mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 20: 1; The material of subchondral bone layer 2 is the POROUS TITANIUM evanohm with MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole; Its macropore diameter is that 7000-10000 μ m, small aperture are 700-1000 μ m, and porosity is 85%.
The processing step of method for preparing is following:
(1) making of subchondral bone layer
The POROUS TITANIUM evanohm that will have the MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole is processed into the shape and size of aforesaid subchondral bone layer 2;
(2) preparation of cartilage layers slurry
Raw material is the acetic acid solution of type i collagen, chondroitin sulfate and mass concentration 10%, and the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 20: 1, and the amount of acetic acid solution can be dissolved fully with type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate and exceeded;
Type i collagen is put into the acetic acid solution of mass concentration 10%, under 20 ℃, stir type i collagen is dissolved fully, the chondroitin sulfate that adds then also continues to stir, and after chondroitin sulfate dissolves fully, removes bubble, promptly obtains the cartilage layers slurry;
(3) molding of support and processing
1. the subchondral bone layer of step (1) being made is put into mould, and the cartilage layers slurry with step (2) preparation injects mould and mould is put into freeze dryer molding in freezing 48 hours then;
2. with molding support put into vacuum drying oven, heat cross-linking is 36 hours under 105 ℃ of temperature, pressure 45Torr;
3. the support behind the heat cross-linking is carried out chemical crosslinking; Said chemical crosslinking is that said support is put into carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution; Under normal pressure, room temperature, soaked 5 hours; The prescription of carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution is: add carbodiimides 3.52g, N-maloyl imines 0.78g in the 100mL tri-distilled water;
4. the support after the chemical crosslinking is put into the sterilized water rinsing 3 twice, each 60 minutes, promptly obtain and be used for the support that osteochondral defect is repaired, said support is put into aseptic DMEM culture medium, under 4 ℃ environment, store subsequent use.
In the present embodiment; The support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation is as shown in Figure 1, is cylinder, and its diameter is 20mm; Constitute by cartilage layers 1 and subchondral bone layer 2; The thickness H1 of said cartilage layers 1 is 5mm, and the thickness H2 of subchondral bone layer 2 is 3mm, and cartilage layers 1 is closely as one with subchondral bone layer 2.The material of cartilage layers 1 is the mixture of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate; The mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5: 1; The material of subchondral bone layer 2 is the POROUS TITANIUM with MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole; Its macropore diameter is that 1000-3000 μ m, small aperture are 10-300 μ m, and porosity is 55%, and processing step is following:
(1) making of subchondral bone layer
The POROUS TITANIUM that will have the MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole is processed into the shape and size of aforesaid subchondral bone layer 2;
(2) preparation of cartilage layers slurry
Raw material is the acetic acid solution of type i collagen, chondroitin sulfate and mass concentration 0.1%, and the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5: 1, and the amount of acetic acid solution can be dissolved fully with type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate and exceeded;
Type i collagen is put into the acetic acid solution of mass concentration 0.1%, under 0 ℃, stir type i collagen is dissolved fully, the chondroitin sulfate that adds then also continues to stir, and after chondroitin sulfate dissolves fully, removes bubble, promptly obtains the cartilage layers slurry;
(3) molding of support and processing
1. the subchondral bone layer of step (1) being made is put into mould, and the cartilage layers slurry with step (2) preparation injects mould and mould is put into freeze dryer molding in freezing 5 hours then;
2. with molding support put into vacuum drying oven, heat cross-linking is 48 hours under 105 ℃ of temperature, 30Torr;
3. with behind the heat cross-linking support carry out chemical crosslinking; Said chemical crosslinking is that said support is put into carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution; Under normal pressure, room temperature, soaked 8 hours; The prescription of carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution is: add carbodiimides 0.138g, N-maloyl imines 0.032g in the 100mL tri-distilled water;
4. the support after the chemical crosslinking is put into sterilized water rinsing twice, each 60 minutes, promptly obtain the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation, said support is put into aseptic F12 culture medium, storage is subsequent use under 4 ℃ environment.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation is as shown in Figure 1, is cylinder; Its diameter is 6mm, is made up of cartilage layers 1 and subchondral bone layer 2, and the thickness H1 of said cartilage layers 1 is 3mm; The thickness H2 of subchondral bone layer 2 is 6mm, and cartilage layers 1 is closely as one with subchondral bone layer 2.The material of cartilage layers 1 is the mixture of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate; The mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5.63: 1; The material of subchondral bone layer 2 is the porous titanium oxide with MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole; Its macropore diameter is that 1000-7000 μ m, small aperture are 100-700 μ m, and porosity is 70%, and processing step is following:
(1) making of subchondral bone layer
The porous titanium oxide that will have the MULTIPLE COMPOSITE hole is processed into the shape and size of aforesaid subchondral bone layer 2;
(2) preparation of cartilage layers slurry
Raw material is the acetic acid solution of type i collagen, chondroitin sulfate and mass concentration 0.3%, and the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5.63: 1, and the amount of acetic acid solution can be dissolved fully with type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate and exceeded;
Type i collagen is put into the acetic acid solution of mass concentration 0.3%, under 4 ℃, stir type i collagen is dissolved fully, the chondroitin sulfate that adds then also continues to stir, and after chondroitin sulfate dissolves fully, removes bubble, promptly obtains the cartilage layers slurry;
(3) molding of support and processing
1. the subchondral bone layer of step (1) being made is put into mould, and the cartilage layers slurry with step (2) preparation injects mould and mould is put into freeze dryer molding in freezing 17 hours then;
2. with molding support put into vacuum drying oven, heat cross-linking is 24 hours under 105 ℃ of temperature, 20Torr;
3. with behind the heat cross-linking support carry out chemical crosslinking; Said chemical crosslinking is that said support is put into carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution; Under normal pressure, room temperature, soaked 2 hours; The prescription of carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution is: add carbodiimides 5.52g, N-maloyl imines 1.28g in the 100mL tri-distilled water;
4. the support after the chemical crosslinking is put into the sterilized water rinsing three times, each 60 minutes, promptly obtain the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation, said support is put into aseptic culture medium, storage is subsequent use under 4 ℃ environment.
The subchondral bone layer and the cartilage layers of the support of present embodiment preparation are scanned with scanning electron microscope (S4800, Hitachi, Ltd), and the sem photograph that obtains is seen Fig. 2, Fig. 3.As can beappreciated from fig. 2, macropore and aperture and deposit in the subchondral bone layer have the MULTIPLE COMPOSITE pore structure, link to each other through aperture between each macropore; As can beappreciated from fig. 3, have a large amount of holes in the cartilage layers, before the collagen fiber silk is more crosslinked obvious chap is arranged, curl, visible slabbing connects, and the aperture of hole is 100～300 μ m.
Embodiment 4: the cell compatibility test
Medulla mesenchyma cell kind is gone in the cartilage layers of support of embodiment 3 preparation, at 37 ℃, normal pressure, CO
2Dimensional culture in the incubator is cultivated row HE dyeing and MTT test after 7 days.Result of the test is seen Fig. 4, Fig. 5.As can beappreciated from fig. 4, said cell is grown in the cartilage layers fiber normally, as can beappreciated from fig. 5, increases normally in the said cell growth process, shows that support cartilage layers according to the invention has excellent biocompatibility.
Embodiment 5: mechanical property test
The maximum compressive strength and the elastic modelling quantity of the subchondral bone layer of the support of use system controlled by computer electronics universal testing machine (Changchun Chaoyan Testing Instrument Co., Ltd., model WDW-50) test case 3 preparations.Sample (n=5) size is 10 * 10 * 10mm
3, loading speed is the 0.5mm/ branch, the setting maximum load of testing machine is 20KN.Experimental result: maximum compressive strength is 60.1 ± 2.35MPa, and elastic modelling quantity is 1.8 ± 0.16GPa.
Embodiment 6: the repairing effect test
The support of present embodiment 3 preparations is implanted 8 knee joint endoprosthesis cartilage defects place of 4 beasle dogs and repaired its osteochondral defect, take out row Micro CT, HE dyeing, Toluidine blue staining after March.Result of the test is seen Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8.As can beappreciated from fig. 6, the osseous tissue of beasle dog (redness) is grown in the subchondral bone layer (white), and combines closely with the subchondral bone layer.As can beappreciated from fig. 7, the beasle dog cartilaginous tissue of reparation and height such as normal cartilage grade, cartilage surface is comparatively smooth, visible cartilage lacuna cell in the cartilage of reparation, visible cartilage matrix around it; Do not see blood vessel in the repair of cartilage tissue, normal cartilage combines with the cartilage of reparation closely not see obvious boundary.As can beappreciated from fig. 8, combine closely in subchondral bone layer (black) and beasle dog subchondral bone (Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt) interface, and a large amount of osseous tissues are grown in the subchondral bone layer, freshman bone tissue's structural integrity, and visible bone lacuna.Experimental result shows that it is respond well that support according to the invention is repaired osteochondral defect.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is used for the support that osteochondral defect is repaired; Constitute by cartilage layers with hole (1) and subchondral bone layer (2) with hole; Said cartilage layers (1) and subchondral bone layer (2) are closely as one; The material that it is characterized in that cartilage layers (1) is the mixture of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate, and the material of subchondral bone layer (2) is POROUS TITANIUM or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy.
2. the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the said cartilage layers (1), the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5～20: 1.
3. the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation according to claim 1 and 2, the thickness H1 that it is characterized in that said cartilage layers (1) is 3mm～20mm, the thickness H2 of said subchondral bone layer (2) is 3mm～25mm.
4. method for preparing that is used for the support that osteochondral defect repairs is characterized in that processing step is following:
(1) making of subchondral bone layer
POROUS TITANIUM or porous titanium oxide or porous titanium alloy are processed into the desired shape and size of subchondral bone layer;
(2) preparation of cartilage layers slurry
Raw material is the acetic acid solution of type i collagen, chondroitin sulfate and mass concentration 0.1～10%, and the mass ratio of type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate is 5～20: 1, and the amount of acetic acid solution can be dissolved fully with type i collagen and chondroitin sulfate and exceeded;
Type i collagen is put into the acetic acid solution of mass concentration 0.1～10%, under 0 ℃～20 ℃, stir type i collagen is dissolved fully, add chondroitin sulfate then and continue and stir, after chondroitin sulfate dissolves fully, remove bubble, promptly obtain the cartilage layers slurry;
(3) molding of support and processing
1. the subchondral bone layer of step (1) being made is put into mould, and the cartilage layers slurry with step (2) preparation injects mould and mould is put into freeze dryer molding in freezing at least 5 hours then;
2. with molding support put into vacuum drying oven, in 105 ℃ of temperature, pressure less than heat cross-linking under the 50Torr at least 24 hours;
3. the support behind the heat cross-linking is carried out chemical crosslinking, said chemical crosslinking is that the support behind the heat cross-linking is put into carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution, under normal pressure, room temperature, soaks at least 2 hours;
4. the support after the chemical crosslinking is put into sterilized water rinsing at least twice, at least 60 minutes at every turn, promptly obtain the support that is used for the osteochondral defect reparation.
5. according to the said method for preparing that is used for the support of osteochondral defect reparation of claim 4; The prescription that it is characterized in that carbodiimides-N-maloyl imines aqueous solution is: add carbodiimides 0.138g～5.52g, N-maloyl imines 0.032g～1.28g in the 100mL tri-distilled water.
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