CN102524192B - Method for breeding edible earthworms - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding edible earthworms, which is characterized by including the steps: firstly, using rice bran, straw powder or straw sawdust, wheat bran, fish meal, bean pulp and leaven as raw materials for fermentation to obtain earthworm fodder; and secondly, placing the earthworm fodder into a culture pond or culture box, and placing in earthworm seeds for breeding. Earthworms bred by the method are large and uniform, high in nutrition value, high in breeding level and high in yield, and contain no toxic and harmful residual elements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of earthworm, particularly the cultural method of a kind of edible earthworm.
Background technology
Be rich in the multiple beneficial enzyme in the earthworm body and be the highly active protein of little peptide structure, can provide the nutrient component such as abundant protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral matter element of animal and plant nutritional need, and earthworm also contains bioactive ingredients such as streptokinase, antioxidase, antibacterial peptide, antineoplastic component and hemolysin.
Earthworm contains very high protein and the human body institute's essential amino acid that grows, and what wherein content was the highest is leucine, secondly is arginine and lysine etc.Arginic content is 2 times of peanut protein in the earthworm protein matter, is 3 times of fish albumen; The content of tryptophan then is 4 times of animal blood powder protein, is 7 times of beef liver.Not only the health of earthworm contains amounts of protein, and contains abundant antibacterial peptide and promoting immunity material, as food delicious flavour not only, and can strengthen the disease resistance of human body, can promote the raising of immune function of human body.
The edible history in existing more than 200 year abroad of earthworm, earthworm has another name called earthworm in China, is traditional traditional Chinese medicine.Salty-cold, go into liver spleen lung channel, have clearing away heat and relieving the wind syndrome, the function of flat liver vein relaxing, the diuresis of relievining asthma.The utilization of earthworm medicine food has history in several thousand in China, can trace back to the Han dynasty before.Enter 20 th century later, along with going deep into of development of science and technology and experiment, contain rich in amino acid, multiple beneficial enzyme, peptide isoreactivity albumen in the known earthworm body, and people, animal, required high-quality nutritive element and the unknown useful factor of plant growth.Because earthworm and the Preliminary Applications of extract in medicine, food, plant husbandry, livestock breeding, organic waste safe utilization, environmental improvement and wide spectrums such as protection, soil melioration have shown good prospects for application; therefore, become the new focus that research and develop unexpectedly mutually countries in the world at present.
Though the breed of earthworm has had development extremely rapidly in China over especially past 30 years, the mode of breeding scale is the extensive cultural methods in land for growing field crops that adopt the open country stack retting all more, and feed structure is also based on organic wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry.The purpose of culturing also is used for agricultural production to handle agricultural wastes to obtain wormcast.Not only self special different, fishy smell is heavy for the earthworm body that this mode is cultured, the excessive toxic heavy metal element of enrichment often in the earthworm body, is not suitable for developing food products or pharmaceutical raw material.
At present, exploitation for earthworm and products thereof objectively exists great demand, simultaneously very high quality requirement has been proposed again for earthworm and finished product thereof, therefore, the earthworm feedstuff of production safety and have important practical significance by the industrial aquaculture earthworm and for increasingly mature market provides safe earthworm product how.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, the cultural method of a kind of edible earthworm is provided.The earthworm of adopting the present invention to culture individual big and evenly, be of high nutritive value, breeding level height, harvest yield be big, do not contain poisonous, hazard residue element in the earthworm body.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the cultural method of a kind of edible earthworm, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1. be raw material with rice bran, powder of straw or stalk sawdust, wheat bran, fish meal, dregs of beans, leavening, ferment earthworm feedstuff;
2. earthworm feedstuff is put into and cultured pond or breeding box, and put into the earthworm kind and culture.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 1. described step is, get 45～65 parts of rice brans, 20～28 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 4～8 parts of wheat bran, 4～7 parts of fish meal, 5～10 parts of dregs of beans, 1～3 part of anaerobic bacteria and fully mix and form fermentation heap and carry out anaerobic fermentation, get earthworm feedstuff.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 1. described step is, get 55 parts of rice brans, 24 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 6 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 2 parts of anaerobic bacterias and fully mix to form fermentation heap and cover agricultural film and carry out anaerobic fermentation, get earthworm feedstuff.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 1.5 meters wide on described fermentation heap base, 1 meter wide, high 1.2 meters of top margins, 2 meters of length or more than.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, described fermentation temperature control is at 35 ℃～45 ℃, and fermentation time is 30 days～60 days, and the pH value control of the earthworm feedstuff that fermentation obtains is 6.5～7.5.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 2. described step be, by earthworm feedstuff: earthworm kind=200～250: 3～5 part by weight is put into and cultured the pond and culture.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 2. described step is, by earthworm feedstuff: earthworm kind=200～250: 3～5 part by weight is put into and is cultured the pond, obtains the edible earthworm culturing pond temperature control after culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, the length and width high standard in described breed pond is 2m * 1m * 0.2m.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, 2. described step is, by earthworm feedstuff: earthworm kind=25～30: 1.5～2 part by weight is put into breeding box, obtains the edible earthworm in the control of breeding box temperature after culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, the length specification of described breeding box is: 60cm * 40cm * 20cm, 50cm * 35cm * 16cm or 40cm * 20cm * 30cm.
In the cultural method of aforesaid edible earthworm, described earthworm kind adopt northern star No. two, advance the farming No. 6 or Taihu Lake bloodworm.
Compared with the prior art, the factory formula of earthworm feedstuff provided by the invention is except possessing the prerequisite nutrient of earthworm growth institute, the earthworm feedstuff sanitation degree and the safe coefficient that extensively adopt feces of livestock and poultry or other organic wastes to produce at present that compare are higher, the deep processing for food or medical product preferably.
Adopt earthworm feedstuff provided by the invention to culture the earthworm ight soil that produces and to be directly used in the functional health-care food of producing other livestock and poultry or animal.
The earthworm of adopting cultural method of the present invention to gather in the crops has been stopped from the undesirable microorganism in the feed source, pathogene, microbial contamination source, hazard residue, has excessively caused rugged carcinogenic elements and entered food by the enrichment of earthworm body, thereby by the harm of food chain to human body, greatly improved the safety as raw-food material.
Earthworm feedstuff production method provided by the invention, processing step is simple, abundant raw material, cheap and easy to get, it is convenient to use.
The earthworm that the present invention cultures individual big and evenly, be of high nutritive value, breeding level height, harvest yield be big, do not contain poisonous, hazard residue element in the earthworm body.
The edible earthworm of breed of the present invention can reach following trophic level:
Total amino acid content: 8～12%; Total protein: 40%-60%; Fat content 4%-15%; Carbohydrate 10%-15%; Ash content 6%-15%; Vitamin B1 〉=0.2mg/kg; Vitamin B2 〉=2mg/kg; Vitamin D 〉=20mg/kg; The iron, copper, manganese, the zinc content that are present in the earthworm body with chelating amino acids attitude form reach 480.25mg/kg, 18.40mg/kg, 28.35mg/kg and 518.32mg/kg respectively; Total viable count is 1.5 * 1010CFU/g.Prove being of high nutritive value of edible earthworm that the present invention cultures thus.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but not as the foundation to the present invention's restriction.
Embodiment: the cultural method of a kind of edible earthworm may further comprise the steps:
1. getting 65 parts of rice brans, 20 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 4 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of dregs of beans, 2 parts of anaerobic bacterias fully mixes to form fermentation heap and cover agricultural film and carries out anaerobic fermentation; Or get 45 parts of rice brans, 28 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 8 parts of wheat bran, 7 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 2 parts of anaerobic bacterias and fully mix to form fermentation heap and cover agricultural film and carry out anaerobic fermentation; Or get 55 parts of rice brans, 24 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 6 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 1 part of anaerobic bacteria and fully mix to form fermentation heap and cover agricultural film and carry out anaerobic fermentation; 1.5 meters wide on described fermentation heap base, 1 meter wide, high 1.2 meters of top margins, 2 meters of length or more than; Described fermentation temperature control is at 35 ℃～45 ℃, and fermentation time is 30 days～60 days, and the pH value control of the earthworm feedstuff that fermentation obtains is 6.5～7.5;
2. by earthworm feedstuff: earthworm kind=200～250: 3～5 part by weight is put into and is cultured the pond;
Described breed pond specification is 2m * 1m * 0.2m; Culture the pond and can use cement, stone material, brick, wood materials building; It is 3～5 kilograms that every square metre of cultured area is thrown in earthworm kind amount first.The control of the ph value of described earthworm feedstuff is 6.5～7.5, and peracid can add the edible soda ash neutralization, crosses can spray water drip washing or adjust with vinegar of alkali; The humidity of earthworm feedstuff then can remain at 60%～70% by ventilation or water spray means; Culturing pond temperature control acquisition edible earthworm after culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions; When culturing, observe when pond face feed has been converted into tiny and uniform earthworm excrement particle and should in time add new feedstuff, in order to avoid earthworm escapes and causes damage.Earthworm life bed (earthworm feedstuff layer) thickness can reach 25 centimetres, and the bed surface feed then should carry out the separation of earthworm and earthworm excrement when being converted into tiny and uniform earthworm excrement particle.Every pond is taken out 2/3rds earthworm and earthworm excrement from top to down and is separated into earthworm and wormcast by culturing the pond section, and isolated earthworm namely can be used for the processing of edible or medicinal product; Wormcast can be done other as the processing of fertilizer or feed product.
Or by earthworm feedstuff: earthworm kind=25～30: 1.5～2 part by weight is put into breeding box, and the length specification of described breeding box is: 60cm * 40cm * 20cm, 50cm * 35cm * 16cm or 40cm * 20cm * 30cm; The breeding box material can be selected wood materials or plastic-food case; Every case drops into earthworm kind 1.5kg～2kg at every turn.The control of the ph value of described earthworm feedstuff is 6.5～7.5, and peracid can add the edible soda ash neutralization, crosses can spray water drip washing or adjust with vinegar of alkali; The humidity of earthworm feedstuff then can remain at 60%～70% by ventilation or water spray means; After culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions, obtain the edible earthworm in the control of oven temperature, degree.
The method that obtains the edible earthworm after described 20 days can be: after 20 days, when observing in the case feed and being converted into tiny and uniform earthworm excrement particle the material in the case is drawn pine, and increase a breeding box that fills the standard weights feed below chest.Every 3～5 days, earthworm came downwards in the bottom case substantially afterwards, remaining wormcast only in the upper strata first case.Remove the earthworm excrement, load onto fresh feed, carry out second case, the 3rd case ... reload and get the operation of excrement.
Aforesaid earthworm kind adopt northern star No. two, advance the farming No. 6 or Taihu Lake bloodworm.
Edible earthworm after the results can reach following nutritive index after testing:
Total amino acid content: 8～12%; Total protein: 40%-60%; Fat content 4%-15%; Carbohydrate 10%-15%; Ash content 6%-15%; Vitamin B1 〉=0.2mg/kg; Vitamin B2 〉=2mg/kg; Vitamin D 〉=20mg/kg; The iron, copper, manganese, the zinc content that are present in the earthworm body with chelating amino acids attitude form reach 480.25mg/kg, 18.40mg/kg, 28.35mg/kg and 518.32mg/kg respectively; Total viable count is 1.5 * 1010CFU/g.
Claims (9)
1. the cultural method of an edible earthworm is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1. get 45～65 parts of rice brans, 20～28 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 4～8 parts of wheat bran, 4～7 parts of fish meal, 5～10 parts of dregs of beans, 1～3 part of anaerobic bacteria and fully mix and form fermentation heap and carry out anaerobic fermentation, get earthworm feedstuff;
2. earthworm feedstuff is put into and cultured pond or breeding box, and put into the earthworm kind and culture.
2. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 1. described step is, get 55 parts of rice brans, 24 parts of powder of straw or stalk sawdust, 6 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 2 parts of anaerobic bacterias and fully mix and form fermentation heap and carry out anaerobic fermentation, get earthworm feedstuff.
3. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described fermentation temperature control is at 35 ℃～45 ℃, and fermentation time is 30 days～60 days, and the pH value control of the earthworm feedstuff that fermentation obtains is 6.5～7.5.
4. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: 2. described step be, puts into by the part by weight of earthworm Si Liao ︰ earthworm kind=200～250 ︰ 3～5 and culture the pond and culture.
5. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: 2. described step is, put into the breed pond by the part by weight of earthworm Si Liao ︰ earthworm kind=200～250 ︰ 3～5, culturing pond temperature control acquisition edible earthworm after culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions.
6. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the length and width high standard in described breed pond is 2m * 1m * 0.2m.
7. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: 2. described step is, part by weight by earthworm Si Liao ︰ earthworm kind=25～30 ︰ 1.5～2 is put into breeding box, obtains the edible earthworm in the control of breeding box temperature after culturing 20 days under 15 ℃～30 ℃ conditions.
8. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the length specification of described breeding box is: 60cm * 40cm * 20cm, 50cm * 35cm * 16cm or 40cm * 20cm * 30cm.
9. the cultural method of edible earthworm according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described earthworm kind adopt northern star No. two, advance farming No. 6 or Taihu Lake bloodworm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210034835 CN102524192B (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2012-02-15 | Method for breeding edible earthworms |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103461689A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-25 | 南开大学 | Cultivation method for earthworms by using waste domestic fungus bag |
| CN103340183A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 南开大学 | Method for breeding low-heavy-metal-content earthworms |
| CN103859229A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 安徽利海新城镇开发有限公司 | Earthworm feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104026083B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of high temperature resistant earthworm |
| CN104304184A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-28 | 刘猛 | Method using biogas fermentation residues to culture earthworms |
| CN104686846A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-10 | 天津民生生物工程有限公司 | Feed for raising earthworms used in edible medicinal food, and preparation method of feed |
| CN106577486A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-04-26 | 昆明建羽牧业有限公司 | Ecological chicken raising method |
| CN107125627A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-05 | 许五妮 | A kind of processing method of edible earthworm powder |
| CN107197832A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-26 | 许五妮 | A kind of cultural method of edible earthworm |
| CN108094768B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-05-28 | 吉林农业大学 | Fermentation substrate for cultivating larvae and straw and method for cultivating larvae |
| CN108991248B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-12-07 | 唐山师范学院 | Feed for promoting growth and reproduction of earthworms and production method thereof |
| CN109452471A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Growth promoter, the preparation method and applications of earthworm yield can be improved |
| CN109430176A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Earthworm high yield healthy aquaculture method |
| CN109452469A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Efficient high yielding culture feed of earthworm and preparation method thereof |
| CN109452470A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Chinese medicine additive, the preparation method and applications of earthworm survival rate can be improved |
| CN109430546A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 南宁武鸣祥源生态农业有限公司 | Phagostimulant, the preparation method and applications of earthworm growth cycle can be shortened |
| CN112741052B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-11-01 | 黑龙江省林业科学研究所 | Method for breeding northern cold region wild red earthworms by using domestic kitchen garbage |
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| CN101773102A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-14 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Method for purifying and rejuvenating Taiping No.3 earthworm |
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| CN1085040A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1994-04-13 | 陈启发 | The method and apparatus of co-breeding snails and earthworm |
| CN1168226A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1997-12-24 | 陈启发 | Cultivation method and device of edible earthworm |
| CN1463616A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-31 | 中国科学院动物研究所 | Earthworm fodder containing multiple microelements and method for making same |
| CN101233835A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-06 | 贵州黔龙生态有机农业发展有限责任公司 | Method for cultivating earthworm by cattle manure and corps stalks |
| CN101773102A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-14 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Method for purifying and rejuvenating Taiping No.3 earthworm |
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