CN102520486A - Multi-functional device based on dual Mach-Zehnder interference structures - Google Patents
Multi-functional device based on dual Mach-Zehnder interference structures Download PDFInfo
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- CN102520486A CN102520486A CN2011103926696A CN201110392669A CN102520486A CN 102520486 A CN102520486 A CN 102520486A CN 2011103926696 A CN2011103926696 A CN 2011103926696A CN 201110392669 A CN201110392669 A CN 201110392669A CN 102520486 A CN102520486 A CN 102520486A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-functional device based on dual Mach-Zehnder interference structures. A second Mach-Zehnder interference structure is sleeved on a phase shift arm of a first Mach-Zehnder interference structure; a digital signal in divided into two paths, wherein one path is loaded on a phase shift arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interference structure, and the other path is loaded on another phase shift arm of the second Mach-Zehnder interference structure through a phase inverter so as to realize the opposite phase change of an absolute value in the same direction according to the push-pull modulation principle and the functions of a digital optical switch and a multi-code pattern modulator of each of inputted different complete devices. The digital optical switch is large in production tolerance, simple in realization and stronger in anti-noise property; and the multi-code pattern modulator simultaneously modulates an upload signal in a network node into two code patterns, i.e. OOK (On-Off Keying) and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) and is high in speed and compact in structure. In conclusion, the multi-functional device is novel and compact in structure and larger in bandwidth and provides a new choice for the modulation and the switching treatment of a flexible and complicate optical network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical component, particularly a kind of optics multifunction device based on two mach zhender interference structures.
Background technology
The more and more flexile optical-fiber network that faces the future, advanced modulation sign indicating number type receives extensive concern.Can optimize performance according to the scale of the optical-fiber network modulation format different and practice thrift cost with application choice.For example OOK sign indicating number type is fit to the light Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and BPSK sign indicating number type can be applied to long range transmission networks.Commercial device can obtain OOK sign indicating number type or BPSK sign indicating number type through a mach zhender interference structure (MZ) and certain modulation technique at present, yet can not produce simultaneously.In the photosystem network node, people such as Cishuo Yan utilize semi-conductor amplifier (SOA) to realize full optical code type conversion [Photonics TechnologyLetters, the Vol.18 from NRZ to BPSK in addition; Issue.22; 2368-2370,2006], can realize the optical-fiber network connection of two kinds of different sign indicating number types like this and needn't carry out opto-electronic conversion; But limited speed is in SOA, and for want at the network node place to be transferred to these two networks to upload signal powerless.
In addition, digital optical switch has stronger noise robustness, and stable switching manipulation can be provided.People such as JorisVan Campenhout utilize the cascade of four MZ interference structures to realize digital optical switch, have stronger noise robustness [Optics Express, Vol.19,11568-11577,2011].Yet, implement craft precision is had relatively high expectations because it needs the cascade of four MZ structures.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of optics multifunction device based on two mach zhender interference structures; Digital optical switch that it is realized and multi-code type modulation function, the optical-fiber network complicated flexibly for future providing a kind of new selection aspect switch and the signal modulation process.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
At nested second the mach zhender interference structure of a phase shift arm of first mach zhender interference structure; Digital signal is divided into two-way; One the tunnel is carried in a phase shift arm of second mach zhender interference structure; Another road is carried in another phase shift arm of second mach zhender interference structure through phase inverter, realizes that absolute value equidirectional opposite phases changes, and opens the light and the function of multi-code type modulator according to the digital light of the different completion devices of the principle of recommending modulation and input.
Said pair of mach zhender interference structure, wherein first mach zhender interference structure is made up of with first, second output waveguide first, second multiple-mode interfence device and first input waveguide that first, second parallel phase shift arm connects; Wherein the second phase shift arm is substituted by second mach zhender interference structure.
Said nested second mach zhender interference structure, second, third input waveguide and the 3rd, the 4th output waveguide that are connected by the 3rd, the 4th multiple-mode interfence device constitute.Wherein second input waveguide connects first multimode interference in first mach zhender interference structure, and the 3rd output waveguide connects second multimode interference in first mach zhender interference structure, i.e. nesting structure.
Said digital optical switch has noise robustness, and stable operation is provided; Said multi-code type modulator is modulated into OOK sign indicating number type and BPSK sign indicating number type simultaneously to input signal, and these two kinds of sign indicating number types are applied to respectively in Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and the long Distance Transmission optical-fiber network.
The useful effect that the present invention has is:
Function for the multi-code type modulator; The present invention is modulated into OOK and two kinds of sign indicating number types of BPSK simultaneously with the signal of uploading in the network node, and from two port outputs, the signal application of OOK sign indicating number type is to Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) respectively; And the signal application of BPSK sign indicating number type is to long range transmission networks; And needn't carry out a yard type conversion, high speed and compact conformation, and then realize that the high density of optical processing and communication system is integrated.
For the function of digital optical switch, the present invention is because adopt multimode interference to replace coupling mechanism, and the making tolerance is big; And only need two MZ interference structures just can realize; Therefore realizing simply, and stronger noise robustness is arranged, is all significant to light interconnection or photosystem.
In sum, the present invention is the multifunction device with multi-code type modulation and digital optical switch, can select the function of needs according to the difference of input signal, for the modulation and the switch process of the optical-fiber network that makes up flexible complicacy provides a kind of new selection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 structure principle chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 recommends the schematic diagram of modulation.
The performance of digital optical switch that Fig. 3 lifts.
Fig. 4 is based on the waveguide figure of silicon p-n junction.
Among the figure: 1A. first input waveguide; 1B. the 3rd input waveguide; 2A. the output waveguide of multimode interference 9A; 2B. second input waveguide also is the output waveguide of multimode interference 9A simultaneously; Two phase shift arms of 3A, second MZ interference structure of 3B.; 4A. the input waveguide of multimode interference 9B; 4B. the 3rd output waveguide also is the input waveguide of multimode interference 9B simultaneously; 5A, first, second output waveguide of 5B.; 5C. the 4th output waveguide; 6. digit pulse electric signal; 7. the first phase shift arm in first MZ interference structure; 8. the second phase shift arm in first MZ interference structure, and replaced by second nested MZ interference structure; 9A, 9B, 9C, first, second, third and fourth multimode interference of 9D.; 10A-G. the zone of waveguide cross-section; 11-15. the size of waveguide cross-section
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
1, at first the function of digital optical switch is set forth.When signal is imported into from the first input waveguide 1A, the second input waveguide 1B does not have the signal input.Light signal splits into two bundles through the first multimode interference 9A; The input port 4A of wherein a branch of light 7 arrival multimode interference 9B from 2A output along the phase shift arm; A branch of in addition light gets into second nested MZ interference structure from 2B; The modulation of recommending through digit pulse electric signal 6 is exported from the 3rd output waveguide 4B; And get into the second multimode interference 9B, wherein digital pulse signal is introduced the phase change of
and
respectively on phase shift arm 3A and 3B.At this moment, can be expressed as at the input port 4A of multimode interference 9B and the electric field at the 3rd output waveguide 4B place
Wherein the transmission matrix of 1 * 2 multimode interference does
And the transmission matrix of 2 * 2 multimode interference does
Be the phase change that digital pulse signal causes, E
1ABe the electric field at the first input waveguide 1A place, Φ is the phase place of the electric field at the 3rd output waveguide 4B place.
See Fig. 2 according to recommending modulation principle, be described as the two-beam that comes out from the 3rd multimode interference 9C, a branch of light is through phase shift arm 3A, and phase change does
Another Shu Guang is through phase shift arm 3B, and phase change does
Two-beam closes bundle at the 3rd output waveguide 4B, and closing bundle back optical electric field is E
4B, its phase place Φ can
Still keep constant pi/2 or 3 pi/2s, E then in the great changes scope
4AAnd E
4BAgain through the second multimode interference 9B; Interfere mutually at the first output waveguide 5A and to disappear (when Φ remains on pi/2) or interfere and grow (when Φ remains on 3 pi/2s) mutually; Interfere to grow (when Φ remains on pi/2) mutually or interfere at the second output waveguide 5B and disappear mutually (when Φ remains on 3 pi/2s), and this interference disappears mutually or mutually length can
Keep in the great changes scope, and
Be directly proportional with the voltage of adding digit pulse electric signal; So just realized the function of accurate digital optical switch; Make its maintained switch state still in certain change in voltage scope; Last transmission curve is seen Fig. 3, and this curve is based on silicon materials and obtains, and can find out significantly that it has higher noise robustness.
2, the function of multi-code type modulator is set forth.When being called carrier wave A and carrier wave B, the light carrier of two bundle different wave lengths imports from the first input waveguide 1A and the 3rd input waveguide 1B respectively; Signal pulse is from 6 inputs; Here hypothesis is when signal is 1; Voltage is being for just, and on two phase shift arm 3A of second MZ interference structure and 3B the phase change of introducing-pi/2 and pi/2; Signal is 0 o'clock, and voltage is for negative, and on two phase shift arm 3A of second MZ interference structure and 3B, introduce pi/2 and-phase change of pi/2.
According to the transmission matrix of multiple-mode interfence device, when carrier wave is imported from the 3rd input waveguide 1B, the electric field at the 3rd output waveguide 4B and the 4th output waveguide 5C output port is respectively so:
E
1BIt is the electric field at the 3rd input waveguide 1B place.Can find out from (4) (5) two formulas no matter digital signal is that destructive interference all takes place 0 or 1, the three output waveguide 4B, not have light output, and the 4th output waveguide 5C constructive interference.When digital pulse signal is 1; Promptly
so the output phase of the 4th output waveguide 5C be pi/2; When digital pulse signal is 0; Promptly
so the output phase of the 4th output waveguide 5C be 3 pi/2s; Phase differential between the digital pulse signal 0 and 1 is π, has promptly realized the BPSK modulation.
When carrier wave is imported from the first input waveguide 1A; From first multimode interference 9A output two-beam; A branch of light from 2A output along the phase shift arm 7 arrive multimode interference 9B input port 4A, another Shu Guang is through second nested MZ interference structure of second input waveguide input, digital pulse signal 6 is modulated it; Can release this Shu Guang according to formula (4) and destructive interference take place, therefore have only the 3rd output waveguide 4B that light output is arranged at the 4th output waveguide 5C.This moment, the electric field of the 3rd output waveguide 4B can use formula (2) to represent; When digital pulse signal was 1, promptly
obtained according to formula (2-3):
At this moment two-beam E
4A(formula 1) and E
4BInterfere through the second multimode interference 9B, the first output waveguide 5A has light output, can represent that the unglazed output of data 1, the second output waveguide 5B can represent data 0; In like manner can get, when digital pulse signal is 0, i.e. the unglazed output of the first output waveguide 5A can be represented data 0; The second output waveguide 5B has light output, can represent data 1, and promptly the first output waveguide 5A, the second output waveguide 5B are the output of OOK sign indicating number type, and the second output waveguide 5B is output as reverse OOK.
In sum; When pulse signal is modulated the carrier wave that is input to the first input waveguide 1A and the second input waveguide 1B simultaneously; The first output waveguide 5A is output as OOK sign indicating number type, and the second output waveguide 5B is output as reverse OOK sign indicating number type, and the 4th output waveguide 5C is output as BPSK sign indicating number type; These yards type all carries identical information, has realized the multi-code type modulation.
Embodiment of the present invention is a lot, as long as adopt the conventional planar technology process and the condition of making optical waveguide, material can be lithium niobate or silicon.Lithium niobate is relatively easy and performance good, because it has linear electrooptical effect.Silicon materials are because it is compatible and can be used for integratedly with microelectric technique, so the present invention is its implementation of example elaboration with silicon, and the realization that is proposed only limits to this embodiment by no means.The xsect of p-n junction shown in Figure 4 implanted in the nested MZ interference structure go, the structure of choosing in the instructions to be lifted is as embodiment, and is as shown in Figure 1, and two phase shift arm 3A of second MZ interference structure and the length of 3B are elected 4.5mm as.The correlation parameter of two MZ interfere type structures that preceding text are mentioned can change because of design demand, and the design of silica-based waveguides is very flexible, and therefore, the realization of the multifunction device that is proposed only limits to this embodiment by no means.
Utilize technologies such as beamwriter lithography, charge carrier injection, wherein P type doped region is 10B, 10C and 10D, and doping content (cm-3 of unit) is respectively 1020,2 * 1017 and 1018; The N type mixes the district and is 10E, 10F and 10G, and doping content is respectively 1018,2 * 1017 and 1020.The width 12 of ridge waveguide is respectively 500nm and 220nm with height 14, and etching depth 15 is 70nm, and Ohmic contact is 1 μ m from the distance 11 of ridge waveguide, and the width 13 of center doped region 10D or 10E is 0.14 μ m.Such cross-sectional structure has sufficiently high modulation efficiency, can realize recommending operation, and then realizes the multifunctional light device.
Claims (4)
1. multifunction device based on two mach zhender interference structures; It is characterized in that: at nested second the mach zhender interference structure of a phase shift arm of first mach zhender interference structure; Digital signal is divided into two-way; One the tunnel is carried in a phase shift arm of second mach zhender interference structure; Another road is carried in another phase shift arm of second mach zhender interference structure through phase inverter, realizes that absolute value equidirectional opposite phases changes, and opens the light and the function of multi-code type modulator according to the digital light of the different completion devices of the principle of recommending modulation and input.
2. a kind of multifunction device according to claim 1 based on two mach zhender interference structures; It is characterized in that: said pair of mach zhender interference structure, wherein first mach zhender interference structure is by first, second multiple-mode interfence device (9A, 9B) and first input waveguide (1A) and first, second output waveguide (5A, 5B) formation of first, second parallel phase shift arm (7,8) connection; Wherein the second phase shift arm (8) is substituted by second mach zhender interference structure.
3. a kind of multifunction device according to claim 1 based on two mach zhender interference structures; It is characterized in that: said nested second mach zhender interference structure; Second, third input waveguide (2B, 1B) and the 3rd, the 4th output waveguide (4B, 5C) that are connected by the 3rd, the 4th multiple-mode interfence device (9C, 9D) constitute; Wherein second input waveguide connects first multimode interference in first mach zhender interference structure; The 3rd output waveguide connects second multimode interference in first mach zhender interference structure, i.e. nesting structure.
4. a kind of multifunction device according to claim 1 based on two mach zhender interference structures, it is characterized in that: said digital optical switch has noise robustness, and stable operation is provided; Said multi-code type modulator is modulated into OOK sign indicating number type and BPSK sign indicating number type simultaneously to input signal, and these two kinds of sign indicating number types are applied to respectively in Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and the long Distance Transmission optical-fiber network.
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Application publication date: 20120627 |