CN102514601A - Train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC (central traffic control) and early warning method - Google Patents
Train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC (central traffic control) and early warning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC (central traffic control) and an early warning method, which belong to the field of high-speed train safety control technology. A dispatching center subsystem early warning server of the system consists of an early warning server and a dispatching command output unit, an application server of the dispatching center subsystem consists of a train number tracking unit and a wireless checking unit, vehicular equipment comprises a wireless train number vehicular encoder, and the system comprises a wireless train number decoder. The method includes acquiring a train number from decoded train comprehensive information by the aid of the wireless checking unit, comparing the acquired train number with a train number obtained by the train number tracking unit, and acquiring an accurate and reliable train number; and computing tracking intervals of a train by the aid of the early warning server, and controlling the dispatching command output unit to output control instruction according to a computation result. The train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC and the early warning method form double channels with an ATP (automatic train protection) computation tracking interval method, a monitoring effect for a train tracking interval ATP control effect is realized, and integral safety of a train control system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high speed train safety control technology field, relate in particular to a kind of train tracking interval real-time early warning system and method for early warning based on CTC.
Background technology
Train from overtaking collision and overrunning of signal accident often take place, in state-owned, also have abroad.And this type of accident is occupied higher proportion in whole railway accidents.
The train from overtaking collision and the overrunning of signal accident that take place in China comprise:
On July 23rd, 2011, Beijing Nankai moved between temperature line Yongjia, river in Zhejiang Province to south, Wenzhou toward D301 the motor train unit train of Foochow, left for D3115 the motor train unit train generation rear-end collision in south, Foochow with the Hangzhou that moves ahead.Accident causes 72 people dead, and the people is injured surplus in the of 210.
K127 passenger train that on July 31st, 2005, Changchun was left in Xi'an knocks into the back with 33219 goods trains that move ahead, and causes 5 joint passenger vehicles derailings, 6 people death, and 30 people are injured.
On July 10th, 1993,163 passenger trains in Chengdu are left in Beijing, move between Nan Chang to the seven li battalion in Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Xinxiang, with No. 2011 lorry generation rear-end collisions that move ahead, cause 40 people dead, and 48 people are injured.
On December 7th, 1971, the great train operation accident that bumps against in hot pursuit takes place in 451 suburbs passenger trains and station, No. 837 lorry wide line coloured glaze rivers in Beijing, and dead 14 people hinder 22 people.
Similar railway accident takes place abroad to be comprised:
On November 30th, 2007, a row passenger vehicle and another row lorry cause at least 5 people severe injury, tens of people's slight wounds in Chicago,U.S generation rear-end collision.
On July 13rd, 2005, row rest near the train of the Pakistani southern Ge Teji of Sindh province by another train from overtaking collision, cause derailed back, number joint compartment to be knocked by the 3rd row passenger vehicle on another track, cause more compartment derailed.Accident causes 150 people dead, and about 1000 people are injured.
More than just list and lifted the part representative accident, obviously the train from overtaking collision and the accident that advances rashly are ubiquitous problems in world's railway operation.Have only this problem effectively to be solved, train operating safety is just guaranteed, and this point is particularly important to high speed railway.Prevent train from overtaking collision and overrunning of signal accident, will guarantee safety distance between safe tracking interval and train and the inhibit signal machine between train and train exactly.Under the signalling set failure condition; Dispatch control and ATP (Automatic Train Protection System; Train AOD Automatic Overdrive protective system) can the design of the fail safe of signalling set bring into play due effect; Can control the train parking and guarantee the train safe tracking interval, be a major issue.According to each department train accident situation analysis, rely on ATP to be difficult to guarantee the train safe tracking interval fully, particularly all the more so when improper situation such as ATP fault occurring.In the above-mentioned railway accident of enumerating,, still fail to avoid the generation of rear-end collision although ATP overspeed protection or other watch-dog also have been installed when the thing train.
China's high ferro signal system comprises train control system (CTCS), interlock system (CBI), centralized traffic control (CTC; Central Traffic Control) three sub-systems; And some signal ancillary systems, as: signal microcomputer monitoring system (MMS), row control dynamic monitoring system (DMS), traffic order wireless transmitting system, power-supply system etc.At present, China Railway High-speed adopts CTCS-2 and two kinds of train control systems of CTCS-3.CTCS-2 is applicable to the train of control speed per hour 200km/h～250km/h circuit, and CTCS-3 is applicable to the train of control speed per hour 350km/h and above circuit.Tracking interval is the minimum separation distances that can guarantee between comfortable driving of driver and the driving of following train front and back.Tracking interval directly influences train carrying capacity and safe in operation.The principal element of decision train tracking interval comprises: the additional distance of train traveling in driver's acknowledgment signal and row control equipment strain time, and train full application of brake distance, there are the safety precaution distance of error in equipment and operator; The comfortable driving distance of driver; Train length, station track switch speed limit, station throat length; The time is handled in station operation, effective length of station track etc.
Prevent train from overtaking collision and overrunning of signal, spacing distance before and after must guaranteeing between the driving and the distance between train and the inhibit signal are greater than the personal distance of train operation.
In the high ferro signal system, the essentiality of designs C TC tracking interval super-limit prewarning comprises the following aspects:
(1) the high ferro signal system is the integrated of various signalling sets and subsystem and accessory equipment thereof.The system integration is one of high ferro signal gordian technique, is directly connected to the safety of system.Train control system functional requirement standard (FRS), system requirements standard (SRS) and system interface standard (FIS) are the main foundations of carrying out the system integration.The integrated interfacing that lays particular emphasis between distinct device or the system of current high ferro signal system, and the signalling set of unlike signal manufacturer interconnecting when construction system.Because these signalling sets and subsystem are that so the signal system that constitutes on this basis, non-once property is difficult to bring into play the advantage of overall system and system level according to system engineering theory unit design in the different times exploitation and the signal system that is added to.This simple superposition formula integrated lacks data sharing and fusion in the system, lacks supervision and early warning each other between each subsystem, lacks equipment complex utilizations such as newly-increased radio communication and responser, lacks in system level and realizes that the pool of " fail safe " designs.
(2) in existing train control system, only carry out control of train tracking interval and speed control by ATP.Because signalling set fault, acquisition of signal and error of transmission, various interference etc. produce wrong row control data, cause ATP can't calculate or calculate the train tracking interval and the safe stopping distance of back output error sometimes, directly influence traffic safety.ATP calculates and exports control command alone, is not subjected to supervision, and very easily causes train operation accident.Particularly under improper situation, the calculating of ATP exists uncertain and safety hazard with the output control command.
Therefore, it is necessary setting up another passage supervision ATP control.
(3) accomplish train operation monitoring by the TD personnel and have limitation.The TD personnel need formulation that application of ct scan C centralized traffic control system realizes the driving plan and assign, train route is handled, shunting service is handled, traffic order issue, operation such as sending and receiving car under the signalling set centralized control, maintenance of equipment scheduling, meet an urgent need train traffic control, improper situation.In addition, the dispatcher need supervise train operation and signalling set situation such as train tracking, train position and speed, signal condition, train route, section blocked through CTC giant-screen and telltale.Along with the development of China's high ferro, high speed train quantity is on the increase (Beijing-Shanghai line has 72 pairs of cars); It is many that train speed reaches signalling set soon; The displaying contents of read-out need switch to be browsed; Not enough, the long-time reasons such as visual fatigue that cause of keeping watch on of dispatcher's speed of response have determined that it is unpractical accomplishing supervision of train running by the people in addition.It is inevitable choice that employing equipment supervision train is followed the trail of operation replacement dispatcher manual oversight.
CTC centralized traffic control system is that control center (dispatcher) carries out centralized control to the signalling set in a certain section, the technical equipment that train operation is directly commanded, managed.The CTC system combines computer technology, the network communications technology and modern control technology, adopts the intelligent self-discipline principle of design that disperses, and is controlled to be the center with the train operation plan for adjustment, takes into account supermatic dispatching and command system of train and shunting service.The CTC centralized traffic control is made up of network subsystem three parts between control center's subsystem, train station subsystem and control center and station and the station, and is as shown in Figure 1.
Control center's subsystem is the core of CTC, is made up of central machine room and each dispatching desk application terminal.Central machine room equipment comprises: database server, application server, the communication server, log server, network communication equipment, network management workstation, system maintenance work station.The dispatching desk application terminal comprises: row are transferred workstation, are helped and transfer workstation, comprehensive maintenance workstation, demonstration wall, scheduler's workstation, duty director's workstation, training station and back-up job station etc.
Wherein, database server is used for store various kinds of data and operating record.
Application server is used for adjustment and the data storage and the data exchange of running chart, and being responsible for provides driving expression information, train marshalling list information, running number trace information, train newspaper dot information etc. to all application work station, and is saved in database server.
The communication front server is used for the information exchange between control center and the train station subsystem.
Show that wall system is used to show information such as station, station field operation situation and shuttle train running condition.
Network management workstation is used for network management, has the diagnostic alarms function, and the information flow-rate and information such as network is connected of network topological diagram state, passage is provided.
System maintenance work station owner will be used for system's setting, debugging and technical support; Having system operation situation keeps watch on and remote maintenance functions.
Dispatcher's workstation mainly realizes monitoring the function of train operation position in the segment limit of administrative area, commander's train operation: the assigning of artificial establishment and adjustment train operation plan, traffic order, with adjacent sections dispatcher workstation exchange message.
Assistant dispatcher's workstation is mainly realized the functions such as shunting operation plan establishment, adjustment and commander at unmanned station.Realize that the artificial route in control center controls, obturation is handled, unusual function such as processing.
The comprehensive maintenance workstation is mainly used in that equipment daily attention, skylight are repaiied, the stepping on to write off and check-in of construction and fault handling aspect, and has the temporary speed limitation of setting, functions such as interval, station track blockade.
Duty director's workstation realizes that mainly running information shows, assigns the function of traffic order, inquiry train operation plan for adjustment and train grapher.
The train station subsystem major equipment comprises: station self-discipline machine, car affair terminal, comprehensive maintenance terminal, electric affair maintenance terminal, the network equipment, mains connection set, thunder resisting equipment, interlock system interface device and wireless system interface equipment etc.
Station self-discipline machine is the key equipment of CTC centralized traffic control; Should satisfy following functional requirement: train operation plan for adjustment that should be able to the receiving scheduling center, direct control instruction and the instruction of Platform attendant direct control send to the execution of station interlocking system through detecting after not having conflict in good time; Should be able to receive the signaling at stations equipment state in real time and represent information, carry out train number's number tracking, collect driving operation real data, and be uploaded to the control center; Should be able to grasp the situation of station interlocking system, and relevant route carried out necessary adjustment according to feedback information to the route command execution; Should be able to receive the real-world operation figure and the status information of equipment at adjacent each two station.
The demand of operation, Presentation Function is satisfied at car affair terminal.Show the contents such as real-world operation figure, train operation plan for adjustment at our station and adjacent each two station with diagrammatic form, possess adjacent each two station inter-station transparence function simultaneously; Function such as automatically generate our station driving daily record, accomplish that traffic order is signed for.The car affair terminal at computer interlock station can show operating terminal with the interlocking control and realize two-in-one setting.Can show running information, wireless running number check information, traffic order; Under the control pattern of standing very much, possess all interlocked operations, Presentation Function.
Network subsystem is the bridge of control center's subsystem and train station subsystem contact, constitutes the dicyclo self-healing network by network communication equipment and transmission path, and modes such as employing is circuitous, ring-type, redundancy improve its reliability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of train tracking interval real-time early warning system and method for early warning are provided, constitute the monitoring binary channel, when ATP breakdown of equipment or output error message, guarantee the safe in operation of train with existing ATP train tracking interval control.
To achieve these goals; Technical scheme provided by the invention is; A kind of train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC comprises control center's subsystem, train station subsystem, is used for to train station subsystem the mobile unit of the train integrated information that comprises running number and the network that connects control center's subsystem and train station subsystem being provided; Wherein, Control center's subsystem comprises the application server that is used to receive and store the train integrated information that train station subsystem or mobile unit provide; Train station subsystem comprises the station self-discipline machine of the station function that operation dispatching is concentrated; Mobile unit comprises the train safe informix monitoring device that is used to gather the train integrated information that contains running number; It is characterized in that said application server comprises running number tracking cell and wireless check unit, the running number tracking cell links to each other with wireless check unit;
Said control center subsystem comprises early warning server and traffic order output unit, and early warning server and traffic order output unit difference access network;
Said mobile unit comprises the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number, and the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number links to each other with train safe informix monitoring device;
Said train tracking interval real-time early warning system comprises wireless running number demoder, and said wireless running number demoder links to each other with the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number;
Said running number tracking cell is used for the real time data of acquisition trajectory circuit and signal, and the line parameter circuit value of train route information and storage is handled, thereby obtains train number number;
The running number of the train integrated information that said wireless check unit is used for the train number that obtains from the running number tracking cell number and mobile unit are provided compares; Train number after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server;
Said early warning server is used for according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and when the train tracking interval transfinited, control traffic order output unit was exported control command;
Said traffic order output unit is used for output control command under the control of early warning server, control train deceleration or parking;
The vehicle-mounted coder of said wireless running number is used to obtain the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encode; Also be used for the train integrated information behind the coding is sent to wireless running number demoder;
The said wireless running number demoder train integrated information behind the said coding that is used to decode, and be sent to wireless check unit.
Said train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
The wireless running number control center demoder of the wireless running number station demoder that said wireless running number demoder is a train station subsystem or control center's subsystem.
The wireless running number station demoder of said train station subsystem links to each other with station self-discipline machine.
The wireless running number control center demoder access network of said control center subsystem.
A kind of train tracking interval real time early warning method based on CTC is characterized in that said method comprises:
Step 1: the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number obtains the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encodes, and the train integrated information after will encoding afterwards sends to wireless running number demoder;
Step 2: wireless running number demoder after to said coding the decoding of train integrated information and decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit;
Step 3: train number number extracts from decoded train integrated information in wireless check unit; And obtain train number with the running number tracking cell and number compare; Train number after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server;
Step 4: the early warning server is according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and exports control command according to result of calculation control traffic order output unit.
Said train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
Said early warning server specifically utilizes formula L according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check
x=(t
Fj+ t
0) v
0/ 3.6+l
z+ l
f+ l
Bl+ l
c+ l
s
Wherein, L
XCTCBe the train tracking interval;
t
FjBe additional delay, comprise that signal system strain time and driver confirm the time of target range and velocity variations;
t
0For carrying out the early warning output time, comprise that the dispatcher gets in touch driver's the time and the time of driver's action;
v
0Be the following train rate of onset;
l
zBraking mode curve regions length for vehicle-mounted train AOD Automatic Overdrive protective system formation;
l
fBe the train safe protection distance;
l
BlBe block section length;
l
cBe train length;
l
sBe the comfortable driving additional length of driver.
The wireless running number control center demoder of the wireless running number station demoder that said wireless running number demoder is a train station subsystem or control center's subsystem.
When wireless running number demoder is the wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem; Said wireless running number demoder is sent to wireless check unit with decoded train integrated information; Wireless running number demoder is sent to station group rule machine with decoded train integrated information earlier, through network decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit by station self-discipline machine again.
The present invention and ATP calculate tracking interval and structurally constitute binary channel, play the supervisory role to ATP control train tracking interval, have improved the safety of train control system single-piece.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing CTC system architecture scheme drawing;
Fig. 2 is based on the train tracking interval real-time early warning system architecture scheme drawing of CTC;
Fig. 3 is that ATP and CTC tracking interval are calculated scheme drawing;
Fig. 4 is ATP and CTC tracking interval method of calculating map;
Fig. 5 is the cooresponding CTC tracking interval of different lines vehicle speed early warning distance data synopsis;
Fig. 6 is based on the train tracking interval real time early warning method diagram of circuit of CTC;
Fig. 7 is ATP and CTC tracking interval computing hardware reliability model scheme drawing.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred exemplifying embodiment is elaborated.Should be emphasized that following explanation only is exemplary, rather than in order to limit scope of the present invention and application thereof.
Fig. 2 is based on the train tracking interval real-time early warning system architecture scheme drawing of CTC.Among Fig. 2; Train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC comprises existing control center's subsystem, train station subsystem, is used for to train station subsystem the mobile unit of the train integrated information that comprises running number and the network that connects control center's subsystem and train station subsystem being provided.Wherein, Control center's subsystem comprises the application server that is used to receive and store the train integrated information that train station subsystem or mobile unit provide; Train station subsystem comprises the station self-discipline machine of the station function that operation dispatching is concentrated, and mobile unit comprises the train safe informix monitoring device that is used to gather the train integrated information that comprises running number.
Application server comprises running number tracking cell and wireless check unit, and the running number tracking cell links to each other with wireless check unit.Control center's subsystem comprises early warning server and traffic order output unit, and early warning server and traffic order output unit difference access network.Mobile unit comprises the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number, and the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number links to each other with train safe informix monitoring device.Train tracking interval real-time early warning system also comprises wireless running number demoder, and wireless running number demoder links to each other with the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number.
The running number tracking cell is used for the real time data of acquisition trajectory circuit and signal, and the line parameter circuit value of train route information and storage is handled, thereby obtains train number number.
The train number of the train integrated information that wireless check unit is used for the train number that obtains from the running number tracking cell number and mobile unit are provided number compares; Train number accurately and reliably after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server.
The early warning server is used for according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and when the train tracking interval transfinited, control traffic order output unit was exported control command.
The traffic order output unit is used for output control command, control train deceleration or parking under the control of early warning server.
The vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number is used to obtain the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encode, and also is used for the train integrated information behind the coding is sent to wireless running number demoder.
The wireless running number demoder train integrated information behind the said coding that is used to decode, and be sent to wireless check unit.
Above-mentioned train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
Wireless running number demoder is the wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem or the wireless running number control center demoder of control center's subsystem.The wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem links to each other with station self-discipline machine.The wireless running number control center demoder access network of control center's subsystem.
The CTC system has compiled TD, interlocking, row control core data, can satisfy train tracking interval calculation requirement.The CTC system is the upper system of interlocking and row control, can directly command and control station and wayside signaling equipment and train.With CTC is carrier, and train is a controlled object completely, and it is feasible setting up system-level real-time train tracking interval and stopping distance super-limit prewarning supervision pattern.
Running number is the key that realizes this method, guarantees the correctness of running number through running number tracking and wireless nucleus correcting system.Information such as train number number and train position and speed are bound, and train position is dual definite by vehicle-mounted responser and axle head pulse transducer and ground rail circuit.
Train integrated informations such as the running number of following train, engine number, running velocity, train position, gross weight, meter length and a number before and after CTC tracking interval forewarn system obtains from the running number system; Be aided with stored line parameter circuit value, adopt the traction calculation method to calculate adjacent train in real time and whether satisfy the shortest tracking interval of train or safe stopping distance according to running chart.
The object point of ATP train control system calculating permissible velocity is the arrival end of the shared block section of the place ahead train relatively; The object point that CTC tracking interval forewarn system calculates is the place ahead train tail end; And can obtain the velocity information and the acceleration information of front truck, computation process is equal to calculates the train supervision instruction in the movable block, and result of calculation is more accurate; More credible, like Fig. 3.
The train operation distance calculation adopts following formula:
Wherein:
Ds and dt are respectively by speed v
1Change to v
2Range ability increment and time of run increment;
C is that unit makes a concerted effort, and unit is (N/kN);
R is the rotating mass coefficient, i.e. the ratio of train rotating mass and train total mass, and for introducing and all kinds motor train unit of production domesticization, rotating mass coefficient r value difference is so calculate according to the actual numerical value that provides;
G is acceleration due to gravity 9.81m/s
2
The c that makes a concerted effort of unit in formula (1) and (2) will consider resistances such as train running resistance, ramp, curve; Train running resistance calculates according to the formula of various train running resistances, and ramp and curve resistance are calculated by existing " train traction calculating rules " regulation temporarily.
The multiple brake mode integrated application of the general employing of the braking of motor train unit; Present motor train unit braking characteristics data; The braking force of motor train unit under friction speed directly is not provided, and some parameter in the braking Distance Calculation formula can't be confirmed, can not apply mechanically existing braking Distance Calculation formula.Calculate motor train unit stopping distance L
zCan only be according to braking deceleration a
z, use the formula of uniform variable motion and find the solution.
Wherein: L
kFor braking empty distance travelled (m), L
eBe active braking distance (m), v
0Be initial speed of braking (km/h), t
kFor sky is walked line time (s), b is unit system power (N/kN), w
0Be unit operation basic resistance (N/kN), i
jUnit gradient resistance (containing the curve conversion) (N/kN).
ATP adopts target range-velocity curve pattern monitoring train operation, on Fig. 3.ATP can be according to mobile mandate, line description information, temporary speed limitation and 4 types of row controls of train parameter data, and the train effective permissible velocity also forms train target range-speed monitoring curve.When train real-world operation speed greater than permissible velocity, promptly exceed the monitoring curve, ATP will trigger braking, force train deceleration.
The object point of following train ATP1 is the arrival end T of the shared block section of train of moving ahead, and promptly moves and authorizes point, and target range is for reserve the distance of safety precaution apart from back and train front end from the beginning of T point backward.
In order to guarantee driver's normal driving train; Train is the distance L XATP between two cars of front and back in the tracking interval in interval, comprising: train vehicle commander, block section length, safety precaution distance, train braking distance, the driver confirms and device motion time-delay train distance travelled.
L
XATP＝t
fj·v
0/3.6+l
z+l
f+l
bl+l
c+l
s (5)
Wherein, t
Fj: comprise the time (s) that signal system strain time and driver confirm target range and velocity variations, v
0: following train rate of onset (km/h), l
z: the braking mode curve regions length (m) that vehicle-mounted ATP forms, lx: train safe protection distance (m), l
Bl: block section length (m), l
c: train length (m), l
s: the comfortable driving additional length of driver (m).
If train is followed the trail of operation at the end that enters the station, departures ends, it is distance travelled that the train that route operation time-delay causes is handled at the considered station when calculating tracking interval.
CTC calculates the difference of tracking interval and ATP: the data of CTC calculating tracking interval are from train, and the data of ATP are from wayside equipment track circuit, responser, row control center, station (TCC) or radio block center (RBC).CTC knows the position and the speed of all trains completely, and ATP only knows position and the speed of oneself.The object point that CTC follows the trail of is the afterbody of train of moving ahead, and the object point that ATP follows the trail of is the top of the shared track circuit of train of moving ahead.Therefore, CTC calculates tracking interval and can handle according to movable block, can not consider block section length, and this also is the reason that the efficient of movable block is higher than fixed automatic block.CTC computation interval tracking interval distance, as shown in Figure 4.Its computing formula is:
L
XCTC＝t
fj.v
0/3.6+l
z+l
f+l
c+l
s (7)
Service braking modeling curve and emergency braking modeling curve, be prerequisite with the manual control, when calculating 350km/h high speed train spacing distance, the technical parameter that is adopted is following:
(1) braking ratio of service braking curve adopts 0.8, and braking ratio gets 1.0 during emergency braking, and the braking ratio that enters the station adopts 0.5;
(2) the pure air emergency stopping distance of 350km/h high speed train is in 5.5km;
(3) block section length is 2000m;
(4) (unit: N/kN) formula is ω to the unit of high speed train operation basic resistance
0=0.62+0.0082v+0.00014v
2
(5) train emergency braking and service braking idling braking time are respectively 2.0s and 1.5s;
(6) the train total mass is 960t, marshalling several 16, the 410m of train length;
(7) train modeling curve braking deceleration adopts 0.8m/s;
(8) mean deceleration of train adopts 0.6m/s on level line;
(9) locomotive velocity measuring, range error are 2%, 60m, interval 110m in the train safe protection distance maximum occurrences station;
(10) control under the preferential driving model the people, additional period t=4.3 (idle inspection)+1.0 (mobile unit strain time)+6.0, (row control center strain time)+3.6 (driver's acknowledgment signal time)=14.9s, rounding up is 15.0s;
(11) production time t:4.3 (idle inspection)+3.0 (release delay)+3.0 (CTC affirmation)+13.0 (handling the route)=23.3s that dispatch a car, rounding up is 24.0s;
(12) arrive production time t to go out=3.0 (release delay)+3.0 (CTC affirmation)+13.0 (handling route)+4.3 (track circuit reaction time)+3.6 (terrestrial transmission is to vehicle-mounted)=26.9s, rounding up is 27.0S.
When train moves on level tangent track, do not consider additional resistance due to grade, train interval tracking interval distance is as shown in Figure 5 with calculating in parameter substitution (3) (4) (5) (6) (8) formula.
Comprehensive above-mentioned analysis, the present invention have provided the train tracking interval real time early warning method based on CTC, and be as shown in Figure 6, comprising:
Step 1: the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number obtains the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encodes, and the train integrated information after will encoding afterwards sends to wireless running number demoder.Wherein, the train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
Step 2: wireless running number demoder after to said coding the decoding of train integrated information and decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit.
Step 3: train number number extracts from decoded train integrated information in wireless check unit; And obtain train number with the running number tracking cell and number compare; Train number after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server.
Step 4: the early warning server is according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and exports control command according to result of calculation control traffic order output unit.
CTC tracking interval early warning output should be exported the distance of carrying out the train traveling greater than tracking interval and early warning that ATP calculates, uses L
xExpression.Early warning output should should leave the early warning execution time greater than the minimum tracking interval of ATP.Therefore, the early warning server specifically utilizes formula according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check
L
x＝(t
fj+t
0)·v
0/3.6+l
z+l
f+l
bl+l
c+l
s；
Wherein, L
xBe train tracking interval, t
FjBe additional delay, comprise that signal system strain time and driver confirm the time of target range and velocity variations, t
0For carrying out the early warning output time, comprise that the dispatcher gets in touch driver's the time and the time of driver's action, initial setting is 20 seconds, v
0Be following train rate of onset, l
zBe the braking mode curve regions length that vehicle-mounted train AOD Automatic Overdrive protective system forms, l
fBe train safe protection distance, l
BlBe block section length, l
cBe train length, l
sBe the comfortable driving additional length of driver.
When CTC calculates any two car tracking interval distance L
xSatisfied with this two cars actual interval: L apart from S
x＞S and v
0During>=45km/h, the output early warning also starts execution; Work as v
0During＜45km/h, only export early warning.Calculating L
xThe time, in calling graph 5 data procedures, considered is because the variation of the train tracking interval distance that factors such as line slope, curve, tunnel cause.After the dispatcher obtains early warning signal, confirm.Afterwards, through GSM-R dispatcher telephone system or traffic order contact driver, order its deceleration or parking.The purpose of CTC early warning is in order to supervise by the train interval of ATP control or train whether satisfy safe stopping distance to the distance of object point, particularly to guarantee the train operating safety when ATP fault or calculating tracking interval mistake.Replace artificial (dispatcher) supervision security status of train completely with this through equipment, alleviate dispatcher's labour intensity.
Wireless running number demoder is the wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem or the wireless running number control center demoder of control center's subsystem.When wireless running number demoder is the wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem; Said wireless running number demoder is sent to wireless check unit with decoded train integrated information; Wireless running number demoder is sent to station group rule machine with decoded train integrated information earlier, through network decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit by station self-discipline machine again.
CTC tracking interval forewarn system calculates tracking interval and ATP calculating tracking interval structurally constitutes binary channel, and the supervisory role to ATP control train tracking interval is played in the CTC early warning, has improved the safety of train control system single-piece.The safety of CTC tracking interval early warning can be considered from the following aspects:
(1) the CTC train is followed the trail of early warning has improved train control system from system level safety.CTC is connected with train control system with interlock system, is the commanding and decision-making layer of railway signal.
(2) CTC calculates the tracking interval between train completely, and ATP only calculates following train and the tracking interval between the train of moving ahead.CTC is more comprehensive than the information that ATP grasps train.
(3) CTC and ATP binary channel train effective tracking interval, CTC supervision ATP is to the control of train.Realization is built a double insurance of control to train.
(4) CTC and ATP calculate tracking interval data from different channels, two cover computation processes are independent, can avoid altogether because of mistake.
(5) the CTC train is followed the trail of early warning and has been realized system-level malfunction-safety.Form complementation, the safety that improves system jointly with signalling set layer " fail safe ".
Assess in the face of CTC tracking interval early warning reliability down.The safety of system is ensured by reliability.System is at defined terms and specific time, and the ability of accomplishing predetermined function is called system reliability.But the reliability index to maintenance system mainly contains: reliability R (t), available rate A (t), the mean time between failures (MTBF) MTBF of system (Mean Time Between Failure), the MTTR MTTR of system (Mean Time To Repair) etc.
The application Markov process is described a repairable system and can be derived:
N same parts series connection
Two parts parallel connections inequality
Calculate below in conjunction with Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway.Every day started 27 pairs of motor train unit by Beijing-Shanghai express railway, and ATP and CTC tracking interval computing hardware reliability model are like Fig. 6.CT representes train data collection that every train is installed and the wireless module that transmits to CTC.
N=54 in the model because ATP equipment reaches SIL4, has:
The MTBF=1.0 of ATP * 10
9Be λ=1.0 * 10
-9
The MTTR=0.1h of ATP is μ=10
The reliability of CT unit is low than ATP, reaches SIL2, then:
The MTBF=1.0 of CT * 10
7Be λ=1.0 * 10
-7
The MTTR=4h of CT is μ=0.25
These data substitution formula (10) are got:
ATP1, ATP2 ..., during the ATP54 series connection,
λ
1＝5.4×10
-8，μ
1＝10
MTBF＝1.85×10
7
CT1, CT2 ... during the CT54 series connection,
λ
2＝5.4×10
-6，μ
2＝0.25
MTBF＝1.85×10
5
These data substitution formula (11) are got:
MTBF＝8.364×10
11
It is thus clear that the probability failure of system has reduced by 4.52 * 10 after the early warning of use CTC tracking interval
4Doubly.
The above; Be merely the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical personnel of being familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. the train tracking interval real-time early warning system based on CTC comprises control center's subsystem, train station subsystem, is used for to train station subsystem the mobile unit of the train integrated information that comprises running number and the network that connects control center's subsystem and train station subsystem being provided; Wherein, Control center's subsystem comprises the application server that is used to receive and store the train integrated information that train station subsystem or mobile unit provide; Train station subsystem comprises the station self-discipline machine of the station function that operation dispatching is concentrated; Mobile unit comprises the train safe informix monitoring device that is used to gather the train integrated information that contains running number; It is characterized in that said application server comprises running number tracking cell and wireless check unit, the running number tracking cell links to each other with wireless check unit;
Said control center subsystem comprises early warning server and traffic order output unit, and early warning server and traffic order output unit difference access network;
Said mobile unit comprises the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number, and the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number links to each other with train safe informix monitoring device;
Said train tracking interval real-time early warning system comprises wireless running number demoder, and said wireless running number demoder links to each other with the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number;
Said running number tracking cell is used for the real time data of acquisition trajectory circuit and signal, and the line parameter circuit value of train route information and storage is handled, thereby obtains train number number;
The running number of the train integrated information that said wireless check unit is used for the train number that obtains from the running number tracking cell number and mobile unit are provided compares; Train number after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server;
Said early warning server is used for according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and when the train tracking interval transfinited, control traffic order output unit was exported control command;
Said traffic order output unit is used for output control command under the control of early warning server, control train deceleration or parking;
The vehicle-mounted coder of said wireless running number is used to obtain the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encode; Also be used for the train integrated information behind the coding is sent to wireless running number demoder;
The said wireless running number demoder train integrated information behind the said coding that is used to decode, and be sent to wireless check unit.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
3. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the wireless running number control center demoder of the wireless running number station demoder that said wireless running number demoder is a train station subsystem or control center's subsystem.
4. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the wireless running number station demoder of said train station subsystem links to each other with station self-discipline machine.
5. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the wireless running number control center demoder access network of said control center subsystem.
6. train tracking interval real time early warning method based on CTC is characterized in that said method comprises:
Step 1: the vehicle-mounted coder of wireless running number obtains the train integrated information of train safe informix monitoring device collection and encodes, and the train integrated information after will encoding afterwards sends to wireless running number demoder;
Step 2: wireless running number demoder after to said coding the decoding of train integrated information and decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit;
Step 3: train number number extracts from decoded train integrated information in wireless check unit; And obtain train number with the running number tracking cell and number compare; Train number after obtaining checking number will contain the train integrated information of the train number number after the check and the line description information of application server for storage simultaneously and send to the early warning server;
Step 4: the early warning server is according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check, and exports control command according to result of calculation control traffic order output unit.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said train integrated information comprises running number, engine number, train speed, train position, gross weight, meter is long and a number.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described methods, it is characterized in that said early warning server specifically utilizes formula according to the train integrated information and the line description information calculations train tracking interval that contain the train number number after the check
L
x＝(t
fj+t
0)·v
0/3.6+l
z+l
f+l
bl+l
c+l
s
Wherein, L
xBe the train tracking interval;
t
FjBe additional delay, comprise that signal system strain time and driver confirm the time of target range and velocity variations;
t
0For carrying out the early warning output time, comprise that the dispatcher gets in touch driver's the time and the time of driver's action;
v
0Be the following train rate of onset;
l
zBraking mode curve regions length for vehicle-mounted train AOD Automatic Overdrive protective system formation;
l
fBe the train safe protection distance;
l
BlBe block section length;
l
cBe train length;
l
sBe the comfortable driving additional length of driver.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described methods, it is characterized in that the wireless running number control center demoder of the wireless running number station demoder that said wireless running number demoder is a train station subsystem or control center's subsystem.
10. method according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; When wireless running number demoder is the wireless running number station demoder of train station subsystem; Said wireless running number demoder is sent to wireless check unit with decoded train integrated information, and wireless running number demoder is sent to station group rule machine with decoded train integrated information earlier, through network decoded train integrated information is sent to wireless check unit by station self-discipline machine again.
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