CN102507257A - Soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device - Google Patents
Soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102507257A CN102507257A CN2011103742423A CN201110374242A CN102507257A CN 102507257 A CN102507257 A CN 102507257A CN 2011103742423 A CN2011103742423 A CN 2011103742423A CN 201110374242 A CN201110374242 A CN 201110374242A CN 102507257 A CN102507257 A CN 102507257A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device, belonging to the technical field of soil experiment tools. The acquisition device consists of a T-shaped handle (1), a three-way valve (2), scales (3) and a cylindrical drill (4), wherein the cylindrical drill (4) does not have a bottom at a lower end and has a top layer seal at an upper end. Since the three-way valve is arranged on the acquisition device, air in the cylindrical drill during pressing sampling of the acquisition device can be smoothly exhausted. After the cylindrical drill is injected to a preset depth, the three-way valve is closed, soil samples are firmly adsorbed in a cylinder; and when the three-way valve is opened again, the soil samples can automatically slide out of the cylinder by virtue of the gravity of the soil samples. The device effectively solves the difficulty in the regular soil sample acquisition of soft soil with soil moisture being in a saturated state. The soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device can be popularized and applied in all kinds of soft soil areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil water experiment equipment technical field, be specifically related to soil moisture is in the collecting device that state of saturation software soil carries out routine sampling.
Background technology
Software soil mainly refers to the soil that the mud deposits that natural moisture content is big, compressibility is high, load-bearing capacity is low such as strand, lakes and marhshes, valley floor, river shoal deposition and a small amount of soil ulmin are formed.Have the natural moisture content height, natural void ratio is big, compressibility is high, shearing strength is low, the coefficient of consolidation is little, consolidation time is long, highly sensitive, perturbation big, bad hydraulic permeability, soil layer layered arrangement are complicated, physico-mechanical properties differs characteristics such as bigger between each layer; Because the long-term ponding of this type of soil; Grogs disperses, and topsoil is in the long-pending state that the 10-30cm water layer is arranged of mire even top layer all the year round.
Soil sample is to be engaged in one of important element task of soil and ecological Studies scientific worker, and at present, undisturbed soil sampling device manufactures and designs the aspect and carried out extensive work in the open air both at home and abroad, and has obtained very big achievement.Existing ST can be divided into two types substantially with regard to its function aspects: one type is the conventional farming in nonirrigated farmland, forestry soil collector, but such collector can't be used for the collection of the higher software soil of moisture.Because of such ST can produce pressure to the original position soil sample when piercing the software soil horizon, cause bigger disturbance; And finish to pull away in the soil course in sampling, owing to the friction force of the soil body and ST inwall causes soil sample to be prone to slippage inadequately, causes problems such as the soil sample error is big, workload is big, thus influence sampling work carry out the accuracy with research work smoothly.Another kind of is deposit sampler; Like the sediment coring apparatus of German HYDRO-BIOS company, the maximum characteristics of such ST are exactly that self is very heavy, under the index of rope, rely on the deadweight of ST just can pierce in the sedimentary soil under the profundal zone; And the operation of taking a sample; But take shallow water soil-water termination sample with this type of ST, then just exist carry inconvenience, waste time and energy, expensive, problems such as the conventional investigation of inconvenience.
For this reason; We combine actual needs to develop a kind of software soil in-situ small disturbance pedotheque collector that volume is little, in light weight, material is cheap and easy to get, processing is simple, easy to operate that has to the characteristics of above-mentioned software soil; Show through open-air sampling practice; The sampling of this ST is respond well, has reached designing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to; Big to the disturbance of original position soil sample when piercing software soil to existing soil sample barrel; And soil sample is prone to slippage when breaking away from soil; The defective that causes that sampling error is big, workload is big etc., provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, volume is little, in light weight, be easy to carry, swift to operate, little to soil disturbance, can adapt to different topsoil depths and use the complete software soil in-situ small disturbance pedotheque collector that obtains the former state soil sample.
The object of the invention realizes through following technical scheme.
Software soil in-situ small disturbance pedotheque collector, this collector do not have the end, upper end by handle, three-dimensional valve, groove and the lower end of T font and bore tube by the cylinder type of top layer sealing and form; Wherein, the vertical connection done in the lower end of handle and the center of boring the tube top layer, a side of this top layer vertically be provided with bore tube in the three-dimensional valve that is connected, the lateral surface that bores tube certainly under the supreme bead of bead vertically indicate the groove of 0-40 or 0-50cm.
The said bottom diameter wall that bores tube is straight shape, outside diameter wall is wedge shape.
Said manufacturing materials of boring tube is thick organic glass of 5mm or 3mm steel plate.
Said its external diameter of brill tube is 45-55mm, highly is 400-500mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. collector of the present invention is made up of handle, brill tube, groove and three-dimensional valve, and is reasonable in design, simple in structure, easy to operate, laborsaving, only needs a people just can accomplish the sampling operation;
2. because collector of the present invention is that a kind of collection soil moisture that is used for is in state of saturation; Even in its also long-pending soil sample that the software soil of one deck water layer is arranged more than top layer; So need open valve during soil sampling earlier and will bore the degree of depth that tube is pressed into to be needed downwards; At this moment, the gas (or gas adds water layer) that bores the above pressurized in tube endosexine outwards runs ease through valve, and can the original position software soil in the cylindrical shell not exerted pressure and caused disturbance; Behind the valve-off, the software soil soil sample in the cylindrical shell can remain in the cylindrical shell and with collector intactly and intactly left original position by band under the effect of brill tube external and internal pressure difference; After opening valve once more, soil sample relies on self gravitation to skid off outside the cylindrical shell voluntarily, so can obtain complete undisturbed software soil soil sample easily;
3. collector advantages of small volume of the present invention, in light weight, convenient in carrying is easy to carry about with one, and is convenient to field operation;
4. starting material of the present invention are easy to get, and processing is simple, low preparation cost;
5. the present invention is easy to firmly owing to directly control with handle, so can gather thickness, original state software pedotheque that diameter is bigger, sampled point precise control; Facts have proved that this sampling thief can be accomplished sampling request quickly and smoothly, has practiced thrift a large amount of funds again, has higher utility.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of Fig. 1 software soil in-situ small disturbance pedotheque collector;
Wherein, 1, handle; 2, three-dimensional valve; 3, groove; 4, bore tube
Embodiment
Through following examples and combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is done further detailed description, but content of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1: (application of collector 1 on the deposition software soil of river shoal)
As shown in Figure 1, this collector does not have the end, upper end by handle 1, three-dimensional valve 2, groove 3 and the lower end of T font and bores tube 4 by the cylinder type of top layer sealing and form; Wherein, handle 1 is processed by organic glass, bores tube 4 and is processed by the thick organic glass of 5mm, and its external diameter is 55mm, highly is 500mm, and its bottom diameter wall is straight shape, outside diameter wall is wedge shape; The vertical connection done in the lower end of handle 1 and the center of boring tube 4 top layers, in a side of this top layer vertically by commercially available three-dimensional valve 2 is housed, the lateral surface that bores tube 4 certainly under the supreme bead of bead indicate the groove 3 of 0-500mm;
When taking the dark soil sample of river shoal deposition software soil 40mm, open three-dimensional valve 2, hold handle 1 collector vertically is evenly firmly pushed downwards, make and bore in the 4 slow insertion software soil to keep boring in tube 4 cylindrical shells unimpeded with the external world; After observation groove 3 is inserted to the 40mm soil body degree of depth, valve-off 2, the passage that bores tube 4 upper ends is promptly sealed; Complete earth pillar is promptly left original position by band after carrying collector slowly; After opening valve 2 once more, earth pillar appearance relies on self gravitation and skids off voluntarily outside the brill tube 4.
Embodiment 2: (application of collector 2 on the software soil of cold immersed field)
The cold immersed field mainly is meant one type of paddy field that the massif valley floor receives cold water, cold spring dipping or lake region beach to receive the underground water dipping.Mainly be distributed in valley floor, southern china mountain area, hills low-lying land, Plain lakes and marhshes low-lying land, and the bottom of pond on a hill, reservoir dam.The cold immersed field is because long-term ponding; Grogs disperses; The top layer has the thick soil of 30-40cm to be in muddy state all the year round approximately, has deep gley horizon, impeded drainage, soil aeration bad hydraulic permeability; The general single harvest rice, the winter bubble leisure farming system carried out, the above general long-term long-pending water layer about 20cm that has of such soil table.
In this example, collector adopts organic glass to process, and it bores tube 4 external diameters is 45mm, highly is 400mm; All the other preparation technologies are same as embodiment 1.
Sampling spot is cold immersed field, white abundance of water storehouse, a Yiwu City family hall for worshipping Buddha town software soil, when gathering the dark soil sample of 200mm according to plan, earlier the three-dimensional valve 2 of collector is opened; Hold handle 1 and will bore tube 4 and be pressed in the soil body after passing water layer vertically downward, and observe groove, close three-dimensional valve 2 to the 200mm degree of depth of setting; At this moment; Soil sample firmly is adsorbed on bores in the tube 4, drill body 4 is pulled away the soil body after, promptly accomplished the acquisition tasks of pedotheque.Sampling bag is placed on bores tube 4 belows, open three-dimensional valve 2 after, soil samples of boring in the tube 4 promptly rely on self gravitation to skid off cylindrical shell.The soil sample that the present invention gathered can be used for the basic physicochemical characters of soil such as analytical unit volume soil weight, unit volume soil moisture content or porosity.
Embodiment 3: (application of collector 3 on the software soil of seabeach)
Beach; Refer to that the tide between coastal high water level of spring tide and the LWL soaks the area, or the beach between rivers and lakes ordinary water level to flood stage, the beach below seaonal lake, the river flood stage; The beach of the normal pool level of reservoir, swag and maximum flood interdigit, appellation " mesolittoral zone " again on the geomorphology.Because the effect of morning and evening tides, beach is not had by water logging sometimes, the exposure water surface again sometimes, and often surface in its top, and its underpart is not then often had by water logging.
In this example, collector handle 1 is cast by steel, bores tube 4 and is processed by the thick steel plate of 3mm, and its external diameter is 45mm, highly is 400mm, and all the other preparation technologies are same as embodiment 1.
Sampling spot is the coastal beach in Xiaoshan, and when gathering the dark pedotheque of software soil 300mm according to plan, needing to bore tins 4, to be pressed into the 300mm of setting vertically downward dark; All the other steps are same as embodiment 1.
Facts have proved that in the sediment-interfacial water sample collecting of shallow water body, this sampling thief can be accomplished sampling request quickly and smoothly, has practiced thrift a large amount of funds again, has higher utility.
Claims (4)
1. weak soil in-situ small disturbance pedotheque collector is characterized in that this collector does not have an end, upper end by handle (1), three-dimensional valve (2), groove (3) and the lower end of T font and has the cylinder type of top layer sealing to bore tube (4) to form; Wherein, The vertical connection done with the center of boring tube (4) top layer in the lower end of handle (1); A side of this top layer vertically be provided with bore tube (4) in the three-dimensional valve (2) that is connected, vertically indicate the groove (3) of 0-40 or 0-50cm at the lateral surface that bores tube (4) from the supreme bead of bead down.
2. by the described collector of claim 1, it is characterized in that the said bottom diameter wall that bores tube (4) is straight shape, outside diameter wall is wedge shape.
3. by the described collector of claim 1, it is characterized in that said manufacturing materials of boring tube (4) is thick organic glass of 5mm or 3mm steel plate.
4. by the described collector of claim 1, it is characterized in that said brill tube (4) its external diameter is 45-55mm, highly is 400-500mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103742423A CN102507257A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103742423A CN102507257A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device |
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| CN102507257A true CN102507257A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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| CN2011103742423A Pending CN102507257A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Soft soil in-situ small-perturbation soil sample acquisition device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105823646A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2016-08-03 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Seashore tidal flat undisturbed soil column sample sampling method and sampler |
| CN107607347A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-19 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of soil profile soil sampler |
| CN108267562A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-10 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of soil stability isotope labelling device and method |
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| JPS5242794A (en) * | 1975-09-30 | 1977-04-02 | Chuo Kaihatsu Kk | Air feed type sand sampler |
| JPS5396884U (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1978-08-07 | ||
| US5343771A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-09-06 | En Chem, Inc. | Tool for sampling soil containing volatile organic compound |
| CN2441859Y (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2001-08-08 | 李法东 | Soil sampler of stable soil |
| CN201662488U (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-12-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Shallow-water mild-disturbance sediment sampler |
| CN202372368U (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-08-08 | 浙江省农业科学院 | In-situ small-perturbation soil sample collector for soft soil |
-
2011
- 2011-11-16 CN CN2011103742423A patent/CN102507257A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5242794A (en) * | 1975-09-30 | 1977-04-02 | Chuo Kaihatsu Kk | Air feed type sand sampler |
| JPS5396884U (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1978-08-07 | ||
| US5343771A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-09-06 | En Chem, Inc. | Tool for sampling soil containing volatile organic compound |
| CN2441859Y (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2001-08-08 | 李法东 | Soil sampler of stable soil |
| CN201662488U (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-12-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Shallow-water mild-disturbance sediment sampler |
| CN202372368U (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-08-08 | 浙江省农业科学院 | In-situ small-perturbation soil sample collector for soft soil |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105823646A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2016-08-03 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Seashore tidal flat undisturbed soil column sample sampling method and sampler |
| CN105823646B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2018-04-20 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Strand tidal flat undisturbed soil column sample sampling method |
| CN107607347A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-19 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of soil profile soil sampler |
| CN108267562A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-10 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of soil stability isotope labelling device and method |
| CN108267562B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2023-09-15 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Soil stability isotope labeling device and method |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |