CN102498767A - Multifunctional adjustable ditching fertilizing machine for tea garden - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine, which comprises a frame, a ditch opener, a fertilization device and a support mechanism; the ditch opener, the fertilization device and the support mechanism are all arranged on the frame; the lower end of the support mechanism Equipped with a ground wheel or a soil cover device; the ditch opener includes a rotary tillage power input gear, a rotary tillage shaft, a knife seat and a rotary tillage blade; the knife seat and rotary tillage blades are in multiple groups; the rotary tillage power input gear is fixed on the rotary tillage shaft, The rotary tillage shaft is installed on the frame through the bearing seat and the bearing, the rotary tiller blade is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft through the knife seat, and the power input shaft is connected with the rotary tiller power input gear transmission to drive the rotary tiller shaft. The tea garden multifunctional and adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine has combined functions of weeding, tea garden shallow and deep fertilization and ditching, with rich functions and good practicability.

Description

A tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine

technical field

The invention relates to a multifunctional and adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine for tea gardens.

Background technique

my country is the largest producer of green tea in the world. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2008, the national tea garden area was 17.194239 million hectares, and the annual output of tea was 1.2576 million tons. At present, with the reduction of the rural labor force in my country and the low efficiency of manual operations, there is a shortage of labor and increased costs in tea garden cultivation, weeding, plant protection, fertilization, pruning, and picking, which poses a huge challenge to the development of my country's tea industry. Most of the tea gardens in my country are distributed in mountainous and hilly areas. The single tea tree and row planting put forward special requirements for machinery. The existing field operation machinery is difficult to enter the tea garden due to insufficient power and large size. There is a serious shortage of tea garden operation machinery and equipment, and the demand for tea garden machinery and equipment with high power, high efficiency, small size, light weight, stable transmission, and adaptable to the working environment on slopes is becoming more and more urgent.

National Patent No. CN200820053798.6 has announced a kind of manually propelled adjustable fertilizer; National Patent No. CN200920015757.2 has announced a kind of electric fertilizer; The literature also reports the research results of fertilization, such as Qu Guibao's "Experimental Research on Variable Fertilizer". However, most of the tea gardens in my country are distributed in mountainous and hilly areas. The road conditions are poor, and many tea gardens cannot use crawler-type walking devices; the tea trees are single and planted in strips, and the distance between tea tree rows is narrow about 40cm, and large tractors are not suitable for operation; currently There is a lack of special small-scale fertilizer spreaders suitable for my country's tea garden operations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a tea garden multifunctional and adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine to meet the agronomic requirements of tea garden mechanical operations, requiring reasonable design, simple structure, convenient operation, automatic control, and high work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditch fertilization machine, the tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditch fertilization machine has tea garden weeding, deep and shallow fertilization and ditch combined functions, rich in functions, practical Good sex.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine, comprising a frame, a ditch opener, a fertilizing device and a supporting mechanism; the ditching device, the fertilizing device and a supporting mechanism are all arranged on the frame; soil cover;

The opener includes a rotary tillage power input gear, a rotary tiller shaft, a knife seat and a rotary tiller blade; the knife seat and the rotary tiller blade are in multiple groups; the rotary tillage power input gear is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft, and the rotary tiller shaft passes through the bearing seat and The bearing is installed on the frame, the rotary tiller blade is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft through the knife seat, and the power input shaft is connected with the rotary tiller power input gear to drive the rotary tiller shaft;

The power input shaft is provided with a jaw clutch; the power output end of the jaw clutch is provided with a power output gear; the power output gear and the rotary tillage power input gear are connected through a chain drive;

The supporting mechanism includes a threaded shaft, a threaded sleeve, a handle sleeve and a handle; the threaded sleeve is set on the threaded shaft, the handle sleeve is fixed on the upper end of the threaded shaft, and the handle is arranged on the side wall of the handle;

The cover device is formed by connecting two cover plates, and the opening angle between the two cover plates is less than or equal to 120 degrees; the front end of the cover device is opened, and the rear end is provided with a gap for the discharge channel of the closed soil;

The fertilization device includes a fertilizer hopper and a fertilizer discharger, the fertilizer hopper and the fertilizer discharger are both arranged on the frame, and the fertilizer discharger is arranged under the fertilizer hopper;

The fertilizer discharger includes a fertilization shaft and a fertilizer drainer. There is a fertilizer inlet above the fertilizer drainer. The fertilizer application shaft passes through the fertilizer drainer horizontally. A fertilizer wheel and a fertilizer discharge tongue are arranged in the fertilizer drainer. The outlet at the lower end of the fertilizer drainer is Connected with a tubular fertilizer;

The fertilization wheel is set on the fertilization shaft and is linked with the fertilization shaft. There are multiple convex teeth on the fertilization wheel;

The fertilizer discharge tongue is arranged below the fertilizer wheel, and the fertilizer discharge tongue is fixed in the fertilizer leaker, and there is a gap that is convenient for the fertilizer to fall between one end of the fertilizer discharge tongue and the inwall of the fertilizer drainer.

The fertilizer discharge shaft is connected with the fertilizer discharge motor, and the fertilizer discharge motor is powered by a storage battery.

The lower end of the fertilizer lowering device is provided with a plow-shaped shallow fertilization furrow opener. The plow-shaped shallow fertilization opener is composed of two fins, the front end is pointed for ditching, and the rear end is in the shape of a flying wing for dividing soil.

The frame is provided with a hanger for mounting the frame on the rear end of the tractor.

The rototilling blades of the openers also act as weed control.

The power of the fertilization device is driven by a battery DC motor; the power of the loosening and ditching device is transmitted by a tractor through a chain.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine of the present invention can realize deep and shallow ditching, weeding, soil loosening, ditching, fertilization, soil covering, shallow fertilization, and fertilization, Soil covering function, one machine with multiple functions and high efficiency. The invention not only improves labor efficiency and reduces labor intensity, but also effectively solves the social problems of increasing operating costs of tea gardens and gradually difficult industrial development brought about by the reduction and aging of the working population in my country, improves social benefits, and effectively promotes the development of tea garden machinery. Achieve certain economic benefits and drive the development of the industrial chain and regional economy.

The tea garden multifunctional and adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine of the present invention is mainly used for operations between tea gardens, including weeding, ditching and fertilizing operations; Different power sources; among them, fertilization adopts battery power supply and clean energy, which can reduce oil consumption and environmental emission pollution, effectively reduce environmental noise and vibration; and it is convenient to adjust the amount of fertilization, and the operation is simple.

The invention has compact structure and reasonable arrangement, and integrates the fertilizing device, the ditching device, the soil covering device and the guide wheel on a support frame, and the ditching device shares the power of the tractor through the use of the clutch and the gear pair. Complete deep and shallow ditching, weeding, loose soil, ditching, fertilization, soil covering, shallow fertilization, and fertilization and soil covering functions only need to adjust the height of the ground wheel or replace the fertilizer applicator. The structure is simple, the concept is ingenious, and it is easy to operate.

In a word, the tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine of the present invention has a novel structure, has great economic and social significance, and has unique functions, and is a professional machine equipment for tea garden operations.

Description of drawings

Device schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1;

Loosening and ditching device in Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 2a front view, Fig. 2b top view, Fig. 2c left view);

Fertilization device in Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 3a front view, Fig. 3b top view, Fig. 3c left view);

Fig. 4 is the attachment figure of fertilizing and covering soil in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fertilization ditch opener figure in the embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 5;

Fig. 6a is a diagram (front view) of the earth-covering component in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6b is a diagram (top view) of the earth-covering component in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Fertilization device, 2. Fertilization device support frame, 3. Battery, 4. Fertilization power system, 5. Fertilization device pendant, 6. Frame, 7. Rack pendant, 8. Ditching device, 9. Support mechanism, 10. Fertilization device support block, 11. Ground wheel, 12. Connecting plate, 13. Threaded shaft, 14. Fixing screw, 15. Threaded sleeve, 16. Handle sleeve, 17. Handle, 18. Lateral Soil-retaining plastic plate fixing hole, 19. Clutch shift fork fulcrum, 20. Frame pendant pin hole, 21. Rotary tillage blade, 22. Knife seat, 23. First bearing seat, 24. First bearing, 25. Rotary tillage shaft , 26. Rotary blade seat sleeve, 27. Second bearing seat, 28. Power input shaft, 29. Second bearing, 30. Power input gear inner sleeve bearing, 31. Power input gear, 32. Jaw clutch , 33. Spring, 34. Third bearing seat, 35. Power output gear, 36. Third bearing, 37. Chain box fixing bolt, 38. Rotary tillage power input gear, 39. Fourth bearing seat, 40. Fourth Bearing, 41. Knife seat sleeve fixing bolt, 42. Tail retaining plastic plate fixing hole, 44. Left connecting plate, 45. Rack main beam, 46. Right connecting plate, 47. Fertilizer hopper, 48. Key shaft, 49. Fertilizer drive gear, 50. Fertilization shaft, 51. Fifth bearing, 52. Fifth bearing seat, 53. Motor gear, 54. Motor, 55. Fertilizer box mounting plate, 56. Sixth bearing seat, 57. Sixth bearing, 58. Motor fixing frame, 59. Fertilization frame, 60. Fertilizer dial, 61. Fertilizer tongue, 62. Fertilizer, 63. Soil cover, 64. Fertilizer pipe, 65. Shallow fertilization and ditching Device, 66. the second connecting plate, 67. soil cover plate, 68-fertilizer leaker.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1-6, a tea garden multifunctional adjustable ditching and fertilizing machine includes a frame and a soil loosening and ditching device and a fertilizing device arranged on the frame; the frame is connected to the tractor through the pin of the frame pendant superior.

The soil loosening and ditching device includes power, openers and adjustment accessories; the power is connected to the power input gear 31 from the tractor through a chain, and one end of the power input gear 31 is installed on the inner sleeve bearing 30 of the power input gear, and the other end is processed to be connected with the jaw clutch. 32 meshing meshing teeth; the power input gear inner sleeve bearing 30 is installed on the power input shaft 28, the power shaft 28 is fixed on the frame through the bearing seat and the bearing, and the same end as the power input gear is a spline shaft, and the tooth insert is installed type clutch; the rotary tillage power input gear is installed on the inner sleeve bearing of the input power gear, and the power is transmitted to the power output gear 35 of the power input shaft through the jaw clutch combination; it is separated by the shift fork installed on the fulcrum of the clutch shift fork The jaw clutch stops the power output; under the action of the compression spring 33, the jaw clutch is in the meshing power transmission state under normal conditions; the power output gear 35 transmits power to the rotary tillage power input gear 38 through a chain;

The ditch opener includes a rotary tillage power input gear, a rotary tiller shaft, a rotary tiller blade and accessories, the rotary tiller power input gear is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft 25, the rotary tiller shaft is installed on the frame through a bearing seat and a bearing, and the rotary tiller blade It is fixed on the knife seat by bolts, the knife seat is welded and fixed on the rotary tiller knife seat sleeve, and the rotary tiller knife seat sleeve is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft by bolts to realize power transmission. Under the action of the rotary tiller blade, the functions of soil ditching and soil loosening are realized. The adjustment accessories include the ground wheel, the threaded shaft and the threaded sleeve for height adjustment; the ground wheel is fixed on the threaded shaft through the connecting plate, and the threaded sleeve is welded on the frame, and the ground track can be changed by rotating the handle to drive the threaded shaft to rotate After the fixing screw is fixed, the depth of soil loosening and ditching is determined; in addition, when driving on the road, the height of the rack can be adjusted so that the rotating blade does not rub or collide with the ground. When driving on the road, the ground wheel touches the ground, and the machinery of the whole Figure 1 is mounted on the rear end of the tractor, and the wheels of the tractor are used to balance the machinery.

The fertilization device fixes the fertilization frame above the frame through the fertilization device pendant and support block, including the fertilization power system, fertilizer hopper, fertilization power shaft, fertilizer discharge wheel and fertilizer lowering device; the fertilization power is driven by a battery DC motor; the fertilization power system is driven by a battery Provide power to the DC motor installed on the motor fixing frame, start and stop the power supply through the switch, the DC motor adjusts the output speed of the motor gear through the conventional technology to drive the drive gear of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilization drive gear is fixed on the fertilization shaft, and the fertilization shaft passes through the bearing seat The fertilization shaft and the bearing are fixed on the fertilization rack; the cross key shaft of the fertilization shaft drives the fertilizer wheel to rotate, and under the action of the fertilizer wheel, fertilization is carried out, and the amount of fertilizer is changed by adjusting the speed of the motor to change the speed of the fertilizer wheel; the fertilizer is passed through the fertilizer Fertilize with pipes and shallow fertilization openers, and cover with soil through mulchers.

The fertilizer discharge tongue is installed under the fertilizer wheel, one end is fixed on the shell by a pin, and the other end is the lower fertilizer end is fixed by a pin, and the fertilizer discharge tongue is tilted upwards to ensure that the fertilizer does not fall when the fertilizer discharge wheel stops rotating.

In this embodiment, a soil loosening ditching device and a fertilizing device are installed on the frame; the frame is connected to the tractor through a pin of a frame pendant; the soil loosening ditching device includes power, a ditch opener and an adjustment accessory; The power is connected to the power input gear from the power chain of the tractor. One end of the power input gear is installed on the inner sleeve bearing of the power input gear, and the other end is processed with meshing teeth that mesh with the jaw clutch; the inner sleeve bearing of the power input gear is installed On the power input shaft, the power shaft is fixed on the frame through bearing seats and bearings, and the same end as the power input gear is a spline shaft, and a jaw clutch is installed; the power input gear is installed on the inner sleeve bearing of the input power gear , the power is transmitted to the power output gear 35 of the power input shaft through the jaw clutch combination; the jaw clutch is separated by the shift fork installed on the clutch fork fulcrum to stop the power output; under the action of the compression spring 33, the teeth The embedded clutch is in the meshing power transmission state under normal conditions; the power output gear 35 transmits power to the rotary tillage part through the chain;

The ditch opener includes a rotary tillage power input gear, a rotary tiller shaft, a rotary tiller blade and an attachment for adjusting the depth of tillage. The rotary tiller power input gear is fixed on the rotary tiller shaft 25 and is linked with the power output gear 35 by a chain; the rotary tiller The tilling shaft is installed on the frame through bearing seats and bearings, the rotary tiller blade is fixed on the knife seat by bolts, the knife seat is welded and fixed on the rotary knife seat sleeve, and the rotary tiller seat sleeve is fixed on the rotary knife seat by bolts. The tiller shaft is used to realize power transmission. Under the action of the rotary tiller blade, the functions of soil ditching and soil loosening are realized.

The adjustment accessory includes a ground wheel, a height-adjusting threaded shaft and a threaded sleeve; the ground wheel is fixed on the threaded shaft through a connecting plate, and the threaded sleeve is welded on the frame, and the up and down rotation of the threaded shaft can be adjusted by rotating the handle To change the height of the ground wheelbase frame, after the fixing bolts are fixed, the depth of soil loosening and ditching can be realized; at the same time, when driving on the road, the height of the frame can be increased so that the rotating blade does not rub against the ground.

The fertilization device fixes the fertilization frame above the frame through the fertilization device pendant and a support block, including a fertilization power system, a fertilizer hopper, a fertilization power shaft, a fertilizer discharge wheel and a fertilizer; the fertilization power is driven by a battery DC motor; The fertilization power system described above uses a battery to provide power to the DC motor installed on the motor fixing frame. The power supply is started and stopped through the switch. The DC motor adjusts the output speed of the motor gear through the conventional technology to drive the drive gear of the fertilizer applicator. The fertilization drive gear is fixed on the fertilizer On the shaft, the fertilization shaft is fixed on the fertilization rack through bearing seats and bearings; the cross key shaft of the fertilization shaft drives the fertilizer wheel to rotate, and under the action of the fertilizer wheel, fertilization is carried out, and the speed of the fertilizer wheel is changed by adjusting the motor speed. The amount of fertilizer applied can be changed by rotating speed; the fertilizer can be fertilized through the lower fertilizer pipe and the shallow fertilization ditch opener, and can also be covered with soil through the soil covering device; the fertilizer lowering pipe is fixed on the front end of the attachment by bolts; the soil covering device removes the ground wheels , connected to the threaded shaft through the connecting plate, the height can be adjusted.

The fertilizer discharge tongue is installed on the lower part of the fertilizer wheel, one end is fixed on the shell by a pin, and the lower fertilizer end is slightly tilted up by the pin fixing tongue, so that the fertilizer does not fall when the fertilizer discharge wheel stops rotating.

All the bearings in this embodiment adopt conventional technology, shaft shoulders, shaft sleeves, and retaining rings to realize positioning; and all adopt bearing end covers to reduce external soil and other damage to the bearings.

As shown in Figure 2c, the frame adopts the main beam and the left connecting plate and the right connecting plate to form a triangle (longitudinal section) welded to facilitate the installation of the fertilization device and strengthen the frame; plastic retaining plates can be installed on both sides and the tail to prevent the soil from flying .

The working process of this embodiment is: input power from the tractor through the chain to the power input gear, under the action of the compression spring, the jaw clutch transmits the power to the output gear and inputs the power to the rotary tillage power input gear through the chain, driving the rotary tiller shaft to rotate , the rotary blade completes the loosening of the soil at a slow speed and completes the ditching at a high speed; by rotating the handle, adjusting the up and down rotation of the threaded shaft to change the height of the ground track frame, and after the fixing bolts are fixed, the soil loosening and ditching can be realized Depth adjustment, complete shallow plowing loose soil, deep plowing loose soil, shallow ditching and deep ditching.

Normal working state: the jaw clutch is engaged, soil loosening and ditching work; the fertilization device is working, and fertilization is carried out; the rotary plowing depth is adjusted through the attachment, and the shallow fertilization and deep fertilization are completed.

The second working state description: when driving on the road, the jaw clutch is disengaged, and the soil loosening and ditching does not work; the height of the frame is adjusted through the accessories, so that the rotating blade does not interact with the ground, and the ground wheel is used as a driven wheel.

Description of the third working state: the structure is the same as before, the difference is that the jaw clutch is separated, and the soil loosening and ditching does not work; the DC motor switch is turned on, and the motor speed is adjusted, and the fertilization drive gear, fertilization shaft and dial are driven by the motor gear. The fertilizer wheel rotates, and under the rotation of the fertilizer wheel, fertilization is continuously applied, and it is applied into the soil through the lower fertilizer pipe to implement shallow fertilization; in practice, the lower fertilizer pipe and the bottom plow opener have high strength, which can achieve a certain Depth adjustment of fertilization.

Description of the fourth working state: The structure is the same as before, the difference is that after the ground wheel is removed, the soil covering device is connected to the threaded shaft through the connecting plate; the jaw clutch is engaged, and the soil is loosened and ditching; Fertilization, adjust the rotary tillage depth through the attachment, and implement medium and deep adjustment of fertilization and soil covering.

Claims (3)

1. the multi-functional adjustable trench digging fertilizer distributor in tea place is characterized in that, comprises frame, plough, fertilizer apparatus and supporting mechanism; Plough, fertilizer apparatus and supporting mechanism all are arranged on the frame; The lower end dress land wheel or the covering device of supporting mechanism;

Plough comprises rotary tillage power input gear, rotary tillage shaft, tool rest and Rotary tillage blade; Tool rest and Rotary tillage blade are many groups; The rotary tillage power input gear is fixed on the rotary tillage shaft, and rotary tillage shaft is installed on the frame through bearing block and bearing, and Rotary tillage blade is fixed on the rotary tillage shaft through tool rest, and power input shaft and rotary tillage power input gear are in transmission connection to drive rotary tillage shaft;

Power input shaft is provided with dog clutch; The clutch end of dog clutch is provided with power output gear; Power output gear is connected through chain drive with the rotary tillage power input gear;

Supporting mechanism comprises thread spindle, screw shell, handle sleeve and handle; Screw shell is sleeved on the thread spindle, and the handle sleeve is fixed on the upper end of thread spindle, and handle is arranged on the sidewall of gloves;

Covering device is formed by connecting two trailing bars, and the subtended angle between two trailing bars is less than or equal to 120 degree; The front end of covering device opens, and the rear end is provided with the breach as the passing away that closes up back soil;

Fertilizer apparatus comprises fertiliser bucket and fertilizer apparatus, and fertiliser bucket and fertilizer apparatus all are arranged on the frame, and fertilizer apparatus is arranged on the below of fertiliser bucket;

Fertilizer apparatus comprises fertilization axle and leaks fertile device, leaks fertile device top and is provided with into Fei Kou, and fertilization axle is horizontally through Lou fertile device, leaks to be provided with in the fertile device to dial fertile wheel and defertilizing tongue, and the outlet of leaking fertile device lower end is connected to the manure device of tubulose;

Dialling fertile wheel is arranged on the fertilization axle and with the fertilization axle interlock, dials fertile wheel and be provided with a plurality of double wedges;

Defertilizing tongue is arranged on dials fertile wheel below, and defertilizing tongue is fixed in the Lou fertile device, has the gap of being convenient to the fertilizer tenesmus between the inwall of an end of defertilizing tongue and the fertile device of leakage;

Fertilizer expelling shaft is connected with the fertilizer drive of motor, and the fertilizer motor is by storage battery power supply.

2. the multi-functional adjustable trench digging fertilizer distributor in tea place according to claim 1 is characterized in that the manure device lower end is provided with the shallow applicator boot of plow-shape.

3. according to the multi-functional adjustable trench digging fertilizer distributor in each described tea place of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that frame is provided with the suspension member that is used for frame is mounted on the tractor rear end.

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