CN102494770B - Accurate measuring device for atomic energy level - Google Patents
Accurate measuring device for atomic energy level Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494770B CN102494770B CN 201110403340 CN201110403340A CN102494770B CN 102494770 B CN102494770 B CN 102494770B CN 201110403340 CN201110403340 CN 201110403340 CN 201110403340 A CN201110403340 A CN 201110403340A CN 102494770 B CN102494770 B CN 102494770B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an atomic energy level measurement technology and particularly relates to an accurate measuring device for an atomic energy level, solving the problems that the traditional atomic energy level measuring technology is only used for measuring the energy level of an atomic part due to limitation from a fixed frequency of a laser, the measurement precision of the atomic energy level is influenced by the line width of the laser and a measuring method is complex and is difficult to realize. The accurate measuring device for the atomic energy level comprises a femtosecond optical frequency comb, an unpolarized beam splitter prism, an atomic vapor bubble, a photomultiplier tube and an oscilloscope, wherein a collimating optical path formed by sequentially connecting a first total reflection mirror with a second total reflection mirror in series is arranged between the emitting end of the femtosecond optical frequency comb and the entering end of the unpolarized beam splitter prism. According to the accurate measuring device disclosed by the invention, the problems that the traditional atomic energy level measuring technology is only used for measuring the energy level of the atomic part due to the limitation from the fixed frequency of the laser, the measurement precision of the atomic energy level is influenced by the line width of the laser and the measuring method is complex and is difficult to realize are effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the atomic energy level measuring technique, specifically a kind of accurate measuring device for atomic energy level.
Background technology
The accurate measurement of atomic energy level is developed significant to research atomic structure, the hyperfine constant of atom, atom potential energy curve and atomic power.At present, mainly adopt in the world the method for spectrum to measure atomic energy level, still due to the broadening effect of spectrum line, covered the details of spectral composition, become the major obstacle of obtaining atomic energy level information.There are three factors in the source of spectrum broadening: the natural width of spectral line, pressure cause (collision) broadening, Doppler broadening.When pressure is less than 1333Pa(10mmHg) time, compacting broadening is also not serious, with natural width, identical magnitude is arranged.Wherein Doppler broadening than large two orders of magnitude of natural width, is the principal ingredient of actual spectrum line width usually.Usually make some very close to the spectral line indistinguishable.Some new methods that modern age, spectrum experiment adopted are to eliminate the effective ways of Doppler broadening as saturated light spectral technology, two-photon absorption.The saturation-absorption spectrum technology can only speed of detection be zero atom, and two-photon absorption can be surveyed the atom of all speed, and two-photon absorption can make all atoms all spectral signal be had to contribution, more superior than saturated absorption.Based on this, people adopt the laser instrument of two fixed frequencies to study the Two-photon Absorption Spectrum of atom usually, thereby measure the level of energy of atom.The laser instrument of this fixed frequency only can be studied the single two-photon spectrum of atom, and the locking that need to be concerned with to the laser instrument of two fixed frequencies, operate very complicatedly, the too wide measuring accuracy that affects atomic energy level of Stimulated Light device Output of laser live width (MHz) can only reach MHz.Based on this, be necessary to invent a kind of impact that is not subject to Doppler broadening, easy to operate, while can accurately be measured the atomic energy level measurement mechanism of the whole energy level information of selected atom rapidly, with the restriction that solves existing atomic energy level measuring technique Stimulated Light device fixed frequency, can only measure atomic component energy level, the impact of precision Stimulated Light device live width, the measuring method complexity on the atomic energy level measurement and the problem that is difficult to realization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can only measure atomic component energy level, the impact of precision Stimulated Light device live width, the measuring method complexity on the atomic energy level measurement and the problem that is difficult to realization for the restriction that solves existing atomic energy level measuring technique Stimulated Light device fixed frequency, and a kind of accurate measuring device for atomic energy level is provided.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: accurate measuring device for atomic energy level comprises femtosecond laser frequency comb, without polarization beam splitter prism, atom steam bubble, photomultiplier and oscillograph; Be provided with by the first completely reflecting mirror and the second completely reflecting mirror and be connected in series successively the collimated light path formed between the exit end of femtosecond laser frequency comb and incident end without polarization beam splitter prism; Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the first optical filter, the 4th completely reflecting mirror between the transmission exit end of polarization beam splitter prism and atom steam bubble the light path formed; Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd optical filter and the 5th completely reflecting mirror between the reflection exit end of polarization beam splitter prism and atom steam bubble the light path formed; Be provided with by convex lens and the second optical filter and be connected in series successively the light path formed between the input end of atom steam bubble and photomultiplier; Be connected with the BNC line between the output terminal of photomultiplier and oscillograph.
During work, the high stability broad band laser (300-1000nm) of femtosecond laser frequency comb output is incided without polarization beam splitter prism after the first completely reflecting mirror, the second completely reflecting mirror reflection successively, then by separate transmission and the reflected light that light intensity is equal without polarization beam splitter prism, wherein transmitted light is rear through the first optical filter by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror reflection, select the beam of laser of the required use of two-photon absorption by the first optical filter from broad band laser, then pass atom steam bubble after the 4th completely reflecting mirror reflection.Reflected light is directly through the 3rd optical filter, utilize the 3rd optical filter to select another Shu Jiguang of the required use of two-photon absorption from broad band laser, pass atom steam bubble again after the 5th completely reflecting mirror reflection, at this moment can make the light paths of the two bundle laser of propagating in opposite directions overlap by regulating the 4th completely reflecting mirror and the 5th completely reflecting mirror.The frequency of the broad band laser of the femtosecond laser frequency comb of atom steam bubble scanning subsequently output, when scanning the two-photon resonance frequency, atom vapor is steeped oneself-meeting and is sent fluorescence, the fluorescence produced is surveyed by photomultiplier converge and use the second optical filter elimination parasitic light through convex lens after, and detectable signal is input on oscillograph and shows by the BNC line.In this process, the oscillograph frequency shown to femtosecond laser frequency comb carried out synchronous recording.The Two-photon Absorption Spectrum obtained according to oscillograph and shown frequency just can accurately obtain the atomic energy level position to femtosecond laser frequency comb.Fig. 2 be do not use the first optical filter and the 3rd optical filter, only by the Two-photon Absorption Spectrum of all energy levels of caesium atom of the second optical filter acquisition.Fig. 3 adopts the first optical filter center caesium atom 6 selected at 852nm bandwidth 10nm at 450nm bandwidth 10nm, the 3rd optical filter center at 794nm bandwidth 10nm, the second optical filter center
2s
1/2-6
2p
3/2-8
2s
1/2two-photon absorption figure.Known by comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3, adopt and the first optical filter of caesium atomic energy level corresponding frequencies and the two-photon spectrum that the second optical filter can be determined and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is higher, and the gained spectral line better differentiates, improved thus the accuracy of measurement.In above-mentioned measuring process, femtosecond laser frequency comb output broad band laser (300-1000nm), use different narrow band pass filters to select to be correlated with a series of different frequency laser, be equivalent to obtain the numerous LASER Light Source of 300-1000nm, for the energy level information of accurately measuring arbitrary atom provides support.Because exciting two bundle laser of two photon transition is all to be provided by femtosecond laser frequency comb, so there is strict coherence without extra relevant locking, to carry out complicated relevant locking than common two different laser instruments, this kind is easier without the measuring method of extra relevant locking, has greatly improved thus the two photon transition probability.While adopting accurate measuring device for atomic energy level of the present invention to carry out the atomic energy level measurement, do not need to use the laser instrument of many different frequencies, and only need to change the first optical filter and the second optical filter, just can record all two-photon spectrums.Test shows, adopts existing atomic energy level measuring technique to measure whole atomic energy level needs tens to up to a hundred laser instruments.Just can measure whole atomic energy levels and use a playscript with stage directions to invent described accurate measuring device for atomic energy level, simplify greatly measuring method.Simultaneously, the degree of accuracy of the atomic energy level that adopts accurate measuring device for atomic energy level of the present invention to obtain can reach the magnitude of kHz, and the measuring accuracy of the MHz obtained than the employing prior art has qualitative leap.Based on said process, with existing atomic energy level measuring technique, compare, accurate measuring device for atomic energy level of the present invention efficiently solves the restriction of existing atomic energy level measuring technique Stimulated Light device fixed frequency can only measure the atomic component energy level, the precision Stimulated Light device live width impact that atomic energy level is measured, measuring method complexity and the problem that is difficult to realization, it is by changing atom steam bubble and corresponding the first optical filter, the second optical filter and the 3rd optical filter can accurately be measured whole energy levels of arbitrary atom, it is accurate, comprehensively, sensitive characteristics have been brought important breakthrough to the measuring technique of atomic energy level.
Further, also comprise cavity; Femtosecond laser frequency comb, the first completely reflecting mirror, the second completely reflecting mirror, without polarization beam splitter prism, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the first optical filter, the 4th completely reflecting mirror, atom steam bubble, convex lens, the second optical filter, photomultiplier, the 5th completely reflecting mirror, BNC line, oscillograph, the 3rd optical filter, all be located in cavity.During work, cavity plays a protective role.
The present invention efficiently solves the restriction of existing atomic energy level measuring technique Stimulated Light device fixed frequency and can only measure atomic component energy level, the precision Stimulated Light device live width impact on the atomic energy level measurement, measuring method complexity and be difficult to the problem realized, adopts accurate measuring device for atomic energy level of the present invention can obtain the caesium atomic energy level that precision is kHz.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be do not use the first optical filter and the 3rd optical filter, only with the two-photon absorption figure of all energy levels of caesium atom of the second optical filter acquisition.
Fig. 3 is caesium atom 6
2s
1/2-6
2p
3/2-8
2s
1/2two-photon absorption figure.
In figure: 1-femtosecond laser frequency comb, 2-the first completely reflecting mirror, 3-the second completely reflecting mirror, 4-is without polarization beam splitter prism, 5-the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, 6-the first optical filter, 7-the 4th completely reflecting mirror, 8-atom steam bubble, 9-convex lens, 10-the second optical filter, 11-photomultiplier, 12-the 5th completely reflecting mirror, the 13-BNC line, the 14-oscillograph, 15-the 3rd optical filter, 16-cavity.
Embodiment
Accurate measuring device for atomic energy level, comprise femtosecond laser frequency comb 1, without polarization beam splitter prism 4, atom steam bubble 8, photomultiplier 11 and oscillograph 14; Be provided with by the first completely reflecting mirror 2 and the second completely reflecting mirror 3 and be connected in series successively the collimated light path formed between the exit end of femtosecond laser frequency comb 1 and incident end without polarization beam splitter prism 4; Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 5, the first optical filter 6, the 4th completely reflecting mirror 7 between the transmission exit end of polarization beam splitter prism 4 and atom steam bubble 8 light path formed; Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd optical filter 15 and the 5th completely reflecting mirror 12 between the reflection exit end of polarization beam splitter prism 4 and atom steam bubble 8 light path formed; Be provided with by convex lens 9 and the second optical filter 10 and be connected in series successively the light path formed between the input end of atom steam bubble 8 and photomultiplier 11; Be connected with BNC line 13 between the output terminal of photomultiplier 11 and oscillograph 14;
Also comprise cavity 16; Femtosecond laser frequency comb 1, the first completely reflecting mirror 2, the second completely reflecting mirror 3, without polarization beam splitter prism 4, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 5, the first optical filter 6, the 4th completely reflecting mirror 7, atom steam bubble 8, convex lens 9, the second optical filter 10, photomultiplier 11, the 5th completely reflecting mirror 12, BNC line 13, oscillograph 14, the 3rd optical filter 15, all be located in cavity 16;
During concrete enforcement, described the first completely reflecting mirror 2, the second completely reflecting mirror 3, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 5, the 4th completely reflecting mirror 7, the 5th completely reflecting mirror 12 are broadband deielectric-coating completely reflecting mirror; The first optical filter 6, the second optical filter 10, the 3rd optical filter 15 are the narrow band pass filter of bandwidth 10nm; The described bandwidth without polarization beam splitter prism 4 is 300-900nm; The diameter of described convex lens 9 is that 50 mm, focal length are that 30mm, bandwidth are 350-900 nm; Described femtosecond laser frequency comb 1 is the FC1500 type femtosecond laser frequency comb that Menlo System company produces, and its repetition frequency is 250MHz, and the broadband spectral of output is 300-1000nm, can scan by sweep recurrence rate the broadband spectral frequency of output.
Claims (2)
1. an accurate measuring device for atomic energy level is characterized in that: comprise femtosecond laser frequency comb (1), without polarization beam splitter prism (4), atom steam bubble (8), photomultiplier (11) and oscillograph (14); Be provided with by the first completely reflecting mirror (2) and the second completely reflecting mirror (3) and be connected in series successively the collimated light path formed between the exit end of femtosecond laser frequency comb (1) and incident end without polarization beam splitter prism (4); Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (5), the first optical filter (6), the 4th completely reflecting mirror (7) between the transmission exit end of polarization beam splitter prism (4) and atom steam bubble (8) light path formed; Be connected in series successively without being provided with by the 3rd optical filter (15) and the 5th completely reflecting mirror (12) between the reflection exit end of polarization beam splitter prism (4) and atom steam bubble (8) light path formed; Be provided with by convex lens (9) and the second optical filter (10) and be connected in series successively the light path formed between the input end of atom steam bubble (8) and photomultiplier (11); Be connected with BNC line (13) between the output terminal of photomultiplier (11) and oscillograph (14).
2. accurate measuring device for atomic energy level according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: also comprise cavity (16); Femtosecond laser frequency comb (1), the first completely reflecting mirror (2), the second completely reflecting mirror (3), without polarization beam splitter prism (4), the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (5), the first optical filter (6), the 4th completely reflecting mirror (7), atom steam bubble (8), convex lens (9), the second optical filter (10), photomultiplier (11), the 5th completely reflecting mirror (12), BNC line (13), oscillograph (14), the 3rd optical filter (15), all be located in cavity (16).
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| CN 201110403340 CN102494770B (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Accurate measuring device for atomic energy level |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102928080B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-08-20 | 东南大学 | Method and device for testing hyperfine structure energy level of hydrogen atom |
| CN105514797B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-07-24 | 山西大学 | Laser frequency lock device and method based on the hyperfine energy level spectrum of two-photon |
| CN105514795B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-07-24 | 山西大学 | Device and method based on the manipulation atom population transfer of speed selection technique |
| CN108982429B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-11-06 | 山西大学 | Device and method for accurately measuring super-cold molecular dissociation energy |
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| CN102013626A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-04-13 | 山西大学 | Band selection device for femtosecond laser output by optical frequency comb |
| CN102246016A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-11-16 | 国立科学研究中心 | Fourier transform spectrometer with a frequency comb light source |
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| US7982944B2 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2011-07-19 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V. | Method and apparatus for optical frequency comb generation using a monolithic micro-resonator |
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| CN102246016A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-11-16 | 国立科学研究中心 | Fourier transform spectrometer with a frequency comb light source |
| CN102013626A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-04-13 | 山西大学 | Band selection device for femtosecond laser output by optical frequency comb |
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| 《Transfer the stability of iodine-stabilized diode laser at 634nm to radio frequency by an optical frequency comb》;Lin Yi等;《Chinese Optics Letters》;20090110;第7卷(第1期);36-38页 * |
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