CN102491858A - Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102491858A CN102491858A CN2011104298228A CN201110429822A CN102491858A CN 102491858 A CN102491858 A CN 102491858A CN 2011104298228 A CN2011104298228 A CN 2011104298228A CN 201110429822 A CN201110429822 A CN 201110429822A CN 102491858 A CN102491858 A CN 102491858A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out a reaction on urea and nitric acid and formaldehyde at the reaction temperature of between 20 and 90 DEG C to generate a mixture containing urea nitrate and urea formaldehyde; and feeding the mixture containing the urea nitrate and the urea formaldehyde into a granulating machine, mixing the mixture and other basic fertilizers and filler for granulation, and drying, cooling and screening the granulated materials to obtain the urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer. According to the method, nitrate nitrogen, urea nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and slow-releasing nitrogen are combined with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, so that the production flow is simplified, the granulation rate is high, and the obtained product accords with the growth rule of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nitre and urinate the method for manufacture of basic slow-release compound fertilizer; More precisely; Relate to a kind of employing urea and nitric acid, formolite reaction and generate and contain urea nitrate and urea formaldehyde mixture, prepare the method that nitre is urinated basic slow-release compound fertilizer with other base fertilizer mixing granulation again.
Background technology
Composite fertilizer is the inexorable trend of chemical fertilizer industrial development in modern age, in the country of chemical fertilizer industry prosperity, has accounted for 70%～80% of total fertilizer application amount.The working method of composite fertilizer has granulating method, slurry process, melting method, extrusion process and blending method etc., and they are that base fertilizer such as urea, an ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, coarse whiting, phosphorus ammonium, Repone K, vitriolate of tartar etc. are carried out the high concentration compound fertilizer that secondary processing is processed various nutrient elements such as containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.China's composite fertilizer production is main with granulating method, urinates the domestic report that does not still have suitability for industrialized production of basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer with nitric acid for raw material production nitre.
The characteristics of composite fertilizer granulation process are to avoid the generation of the low especially ingredients mixture of critical relative humidity; And the critical relative humidity when 30 ℃ of an ammonium nitrate and urea admixtures is merely 18.1%; So in the composite fertilizer production process, can not use an ammonium nitrate and urea simultaneously, existing technology can only be produced nitro-compound fertilizer or urea-base compound fertilizer.Some months is arranged the vegetative period of farm crop usually; Whole growth farm crop all has the requirement that absorbs nutrient in the phase, nitric nitrogen is referred to as quick-acting nitrogen traditionally owing to can directly be absorbed by crop; Nitrogen in the urea can not directly be absorbed by farm crop; Need after changing into ammonium nitrogen, nitric nitrogen under the effect of urase, can be absorbed by crop, the nitrogen in the urea formaldehyde need could decomposition and inversion be the absorbable inorganic nitrogen of crop under action of microorganisms, and transition phase is 10～20 days.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nitre and urinate the method for manufacture of basic slow-release compound fertilizer; The compound manure method of manufacture of the present invention also nutrient demand of visual crop adds a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, processes the particulate slow-release NpK complex fertilizer that contains various nutrient elements.
The principle that a kind of salpeter solution system particulate state nitre of the present invention is urinated basic slow-release compound fertilizer method of manufacture is: can form according to nitric acid and urea and stablize the adducts urea nitrate; And the characteristics of urea and formolite reaction generation urea-formaldehyde condensation product; This adducts, condenses are slightly soluble in water; To contain urea soln and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the weighting agent granulation in tablets press in the lump of urea nitrate, urea formaldehyde, the gained material promptly obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer after dry, cooling, screening.
The present invention realizes like this.Nitre of the present invention is urinated the method for manufacture of basic slow-release compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the manufacturing step of this method comprises:
(1) urea and nitric acid, formolite reaction generate the mixture that contains urea nitrate and urea formaldehyde, and temperature of reaction is 20～90 ℃;
(2) mixture that contains urea nitrate, urea formaldehyde of step (1) preparation is sent in the tablets press, with other base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation;
(3) material after the granulation promptly obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release compound fertilizer through dry, cooling, screening.
The weight percentage of urea, nitric acid and formaldehyde consists of in the step of the method for the invention (1): urea 55～85%, nitric acid 10～40%, formaldehyde 5～35%.
The reaction times of the method for the invention step (1) is 1～90 minute.
The method of the invention; Base fertilizer is selected from one or more the mixture in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, normal superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Repone K and the vitriolate of tartar; Add-on accounts for 0～60% of the total inventory of compound manure in weight percentage.
The method of the invention, weighting agent are calcic stone flour or siliceous breeze, and add-on accounts for 0～25% of the total inventory of compound manure in weight percentage.Described weighting agent is selected from one or more the mixture in rhombspar, Wingdale, gypsum, kaolin, zeyssatite and the clay.
The reaction of the method for the invention step (1) can proceed step by step.Specifically:
A. urea and nitric acid reaction generate urea nitrate, and temperature of reaction is 20～80 ℃, and the reaction times is 1～30 minute;
B. urea and formolite reaction generate urea formaldehyde, and temperature of reaction is 40～90 ℃, and the reaction times is 1～90 minute.
The sequencing of above-mentioned two-step reaction can react respectively the not influence of generation of reactant, then reaction mass is merged to together, with base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation; Perhaps urea, nitric acid, three kinds of raw materials of formaldehyde are reacted the generation mixture in same reactor drum, again with base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation.
Though the trace element that farm crop need seldom, the quality that improves crop yield and improve crop is had certain effect.The method of manufacture that a kind of salpeter solution system nitre of the present invention is urinated basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer; In said step (2) the mixing granulation process; Also can add a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, in obtaining containing, the granular nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer of micronutrient according to the needs of crop or soil.
Moderate-element compound of the present invention is selected from one or more the mixture in calcium cpd, magnesium compound, the sulphur compound, like compounds such as calcium sulfate, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, potassium magnesium sulfate, sulphur; Described trace compound is selected from one or more the mixture in the compounds such as boron cpd, copper compound, iron cpd, manganic compound, molybdenum compound, zn cpds, like compounds such as copper sulfate, cupric oxide, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate, boric acid, borax, ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, manganous sulfate, manganese oxide, Manganous chloride tetrahydrates.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages.
1, can directly utilize the work in-process urea soln of urea plant or rare nitric acid of nitric plant, simplify Production Flow Chart, investment cost and process cost are lower.
2, product contain have immediate effect, middle effect, long lasting nitrogen nutrient, have the effect of slow controlled release, single-dose application can be satisfied the nutrient demand of crop different growing stage.
3, product can be made into the slow-release compound fertilizer that contains multiple middle amount, trace element, to adapt to the requirement of Different Crop, soil, weather.
4, environmental protection noresidue.
Embodiment
For embodiment of the present invention better, enumerate following embodiment at present the present invention is further described, but embodiment not a limitation of the present invention.
Percentage composition in the embodiment of the invention all is a weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
Get urea plant urea soln 285 grams, concentration is 70%, adds 214 gram salpeter solutions, and concentration of nitric acid is 49%, adds 85 gram formaldehyde solutions after 15 minutes 40 ℃ of following hybrid reactions, and concentration of formaldehyde is 35%, continues reaction 30 minutes, 90 ℃ of temperature of reaction.Reaction back slip adds tablets press and 288 gram monoammonium phosphates (contain N:10%, P
2O
5: 50%), 240 the gram Repone K (contain K
2O:60%), rhombspar 98 gram and granulation returning charge granulations together, material use warm air drying after the granulation, dried material again through cooling, sieve, obtain nitre and urinate basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer product, this product contains N 15.18%, P
2O
515.01%, K
2O 15.2%, H
2O 1.2%.
Embodiment 2
Get nitric plant's salpeter solution 200 grams, concentration is 30%, adds urea 100 grams; Nitric acid and urea reaction, 25 ℃ of temperature of reaction add formaldehyde solution 50 grams after 5 minutes; Concentration of formaldehyde is 35%, continues reaction 40 minutes, and temperature of reaction is 85 ℃; Reacting rear material gets into tablets press and carries out granulation, and urea 262 grams, monoammonium phosphate 200 grams, vitriolate of tartar 200 grams and rhombspar 160 grams are arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 20.18%, P
2O
510.01%, K
2O 10.3%, H
2O 1.0%.
Embodiment 3
Get solid urea 300 grams; Formaldehyde solution 150 grams, concentration of formaldehyde is 37%, adds 100 gram salpeter solutions continuation reactions 10 minutes after 40 minutes at 80 ℃ of urea and formolite reaction; Concentration of nitric acid is 49%; 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reacting rear material get into tablets press and carry out granulation, and monoammonium phosphate 200 grams, vitriolate of tartar 200 grams, boric acid 3 grams, MAGNESIUM SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE 99.5 9 grams, kaolin 190 gram and granulation returning charges are arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen phospho potash complex fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 16. 81%, P
2O
510.04%, K
2O 10.2%, H
2O 1.0%.This fertilizer contains magnesium, sulphur moderate-element and micronutrient boron.
Embodiment 4
Get solid urea 400 grams, formaldehyde solution 100 grams, concentration of formaldehyde 37%; Rare nitric acid 150 grams, concentration of nitric acid 49% was 80 ℃ of urea and formaldehyde, nitric acid reaction 40 minutes; Reacting rear material gets into tablets press and carries out granulation, and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 485 gram and granulation returning charges are arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen phosphorus composite fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 20. 11%, P
2O
55.82%, H
2O 1.0%.
Embodiment 5
Get solid urea 400 grams, formaldehyde 100 grams of concentration 37%, nitric acid 150 grams of concentration of nitric acid 49%, 80 ℃ of reactions 40 minutes, reacting rear material got into tablets press and carries out granulation, and Repone K 335 grams, zeyssatite 152 gram and granulation returning charges are arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen K compound fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 20. 11%, K
2O20.10%, H
2O 1.0%.
Embodiment 6
Get solid urea 550 grams, formaldehyde 14 grams of concentration of formaldehyde 37%, nitric acid 816 grams of concentration of nitric acid 49%, 80 ℃ of reactions 30 minutes, reacting rear material got into tablets press and carries out granulation, and Repone K 335 grams, Wingdale 152 gram and granulation returning charges are arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen K compound fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 23. 64%, K
2O4.10%, H
2O 1.0%.
Embodiment 7
Get solid urea 850 grams; Concentration of formaldehyde is 30% formaldehyde solution 170 grams; Add 313 gram salpeter solutions continuation reactions 10 minutes after 20 minutes at 80 ℃ of urea and formolite reaction, concentration of nitric acid is 32%, 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction; Reacting rear material gets into tablets press and carries out granulation, and the granulation returning charge is arranged in the tablets press.Material is used warm air drying after the granulation, and dried material through cooling, screening, obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release nitrogen fertilizer product again, and this product contains N 41.1%, H
2O 1.0%.
Claims (10)
1. the method for manufacture that nitre is urinated basic slow-release compound fertilizer is characterized in that, the manufacturing step of this method comprises:
(1) urea and nitric acid, formolite reaction generate the mixture that contains urea nitrate and urea formaldehyde, and temperature of reaction is 20～90 ℃;
(2) mixture that contains urea nitrate, urea formaldehyde of step (1) preparation is sent in the tablets press, with base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation;
(3) material after the granulation promptly obtains nitre and urinates basic slow-release compound fertilizer through dry, cooling, screening.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight percentage of urea, nitric acid and formaldehyde consists of in the described step (1): urea 55～85%, nitric acid 10～40%, formaldehyde 5～35%.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the reaction times of described step (1) is 1～90 minute.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the reaction of said step (1) is urea, nitric acid, three kinds of raw materials of formaldehyde to be reacted generate mixture in same reactor drum, again with base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation; Perhaps react proceed step by step: a. urea and nitric acid reaction generate urea nitrate, and temperature of reaction is 20～80 ℃, and the reaction times is 1～30 minute; B. urea and formolite reaction generate urea formaldehyde, and temperature of reaction is 40～90 ℃, and the reaction times is 1～90 minute; The sequencing of above-mentioned two-step reaction can react respectively the not influence of generation of reactant, then reaction mass is merged to together, with base fertilizer, weighting agent mixing granulation.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods; It is characterized in that; Described base fertilizer is selected from one or more the mixture in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, normal superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Repone K and the vitriolate of tartar; Add-on accounts for 0～60% of the total inventory of compound manure in weight percentage.
6. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that described weighting agent is calcic stone flour or siliceous breeze, add-on accounts for 0～25% of the total inventory of compound manure in weight percentage.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the calcic stone flour of described weighting agent or siliceous breeze are selected from one or more the mixture in rhombspar, Wingdale, gypsum, kaolin, zeyssatite and the clay.
8. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that the temperature of reaction of described urea and nitric acid reaction is 20～80 ℃, the reaction times is 1～30 minute.
9. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that the temperature of reaction of described urea and formolite reaction is 40～90 ℃, the reaction times is 1～90 minute.
10. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In said step (2) the mixing granulation process, also visual corps nutrient need add a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, in obtaining containing, the trace element compound manure; Described moderate-element compound is selected from one or more the mixture in calcium cpd, magnesium compound and the sulphur compound; Described trace compound is selected from one or more the mixture in boron cpd, copper compound, iron cpd, manganic compound, molybdenum compound and the zn cpds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011104298228A CN102491858A (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011104298228A CN102491858A (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011104298228A Pending CN102491858A (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Method for manufacturing urea-based nitrate slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102815981A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2012-12-12 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Polymorphic controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103710171A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-09 | 内蒙古河西航天科技发展有限公司 | Acidic solid cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS62223084A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-10-01 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Manufacture of slow release nitrogen fertilizer |
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| CN1569758A (en) * | 2003-07-26 | 2005-01-26 | 朱绍林 | Organic slow-release fertilizer additive |
| CN1880286A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 上海化工研究院 | Complex fertilizer production method without drying process |
| CN101857513A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-10-13 | 上海化工研究院 | Method for preparing long-acting slow-release compound fertilizers by one-step pulp spraying granulation |
| CN101955379A (en) * | 2010-08-29 | 2011-01-26 | 山东史贝美肥料开发有限公司 | Preparation method for nitrate urea-formaldehyde fertilizer |
| CN102093113A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-06-15 | 天津百斯特化肥有限公司 | Production method of readily available and controlled release composite fertilizer containing three nitrogen elements |
-
2011
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Patent Citations (7)
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| JPS62223084A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-10-01 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Manufacture of slow release nitrogen fertilizer |
| EP1288179A1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-05 | Sadepan Chimica S.r.l. | Method for making nitrogenous and complex fertilizers in highly homogenized spherical granule form starting from urea-formaldehyde liquid resins and the fertilizer made thereby |
| CN1569758A (en) * | 2003-07-26 | 2005-01-26 | 朱绍林 | Organic slow-release fertilizer additive |
| CN1880286A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 上海化工研究院 | Complex fertilizer production method without drying process |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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|---|
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102815981A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2012-12-12 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Polymorphic controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102815981B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-07-16 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Polymorphic controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103710171A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-09 | 内蒙古河西航天科技发展有限公司 | Acidic solid cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |