CN102489958B - Process and equipment for manufacturing wide-width magnesium alloy plate in coils - Google Patents
Process and equipment for manufacturing wide-width magnesium alloy plate in coils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102489958B CN102489958B CN201110404878.8A CN201110404878A CN102489958B CN 102489958 B CN102489958 B CN 102489958B CN 201110404878 A CN201110404878 A CN 201110404878A CN 102489958 B CN102489958 B CN 102489958B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium alloy
- temperature
- machine
- alloy plate
- flattening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000037250 Clearance Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
- B21C35/023—Work treatment directly following extrusion, e.g. further deformation or surface treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/06—Making sheets
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of process and equipment for a new non-ferrous metal material and discloses a process and equipment for manufacturing a wide-width magnesium alloy plate. In the process, an as-cast rod material is subjected to milling face scaling, multi-axis forging, machining, high-temperature ageing, heating, extruding, flattening and coiling to finish the coiling production of the wide-width magnesium alloy plate. The equipment comprises a multi-axis forging machine, an extruding machine, a flattening machine and a coiling machine; the extruding machine, the flattening machine and the coiling machine are arrayed along a discharging axis of the magnesium alloy plate and are controlled by a synchronous control system, wherein the extruding machine is internally provided with a semi-circular or wavy arc-shaped extruding and distributing module; and a rod material heater is arranged at the inlet end of the extruding and distributing module. According to the invention, by utilization of the small-tonnage extruding machine and a mould in which an arc line between two points is longer than a straight line between the two points, the wide-width magnesium alloy plate which is larger than the size of the outlet of the extruding machine is produced in coils through an arc surface rolling and flattening machine for flattening an arc surface. The coiling production of the wide-width magnesium alloy plate can be finished with smaller investment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous materials processing and equipment technical field, relate in particular to a kind of rolling and produce the Processes and apparatus of wide magnesium alloy strip.
Background technology
Magnesium is one of element the richest on the earth, in engineering application at present, is the metal material that quality (1.74g/cm3) is the lightest, specific strength is the highest, and compared with lightweight engineered plastics, magnesium alloy has higher elasticity and plastic deformation ability; Compared with aluminium alloy (2.8g/cm3), magnesium alloy is not only light, and anti-vibration and noise-reducing ability high, and there is very strong decay resistance, capability of electromagnetic shielding, shielding property, recovery utilization rate advantages of higher.Therefore, in the pillar industries such as communications and transportation (automobile), Aero-Space, letterpress, electronics (3C Product) and household electrical appliance, be desirable, the most practical lightweight structural material, be called as the green engineering material of tool development and application potentiality " 21 century ".
Magnesium alloy application form mainly contains cast magnesium alloy and wrought magnesium alloy.Wrought magnesium alloy is through pressure rolling, extruding, there is the advantages such as grain refinement, intensity is high, ductility is good, wherein magnesium alloy sheet is expected extensive use in the fields such as machine-building, Aero-Space, automobile, electronics, instrument, chemical industry and digital product, added value of product and economic benefit are higher, have bright prospects.Research and the application to automobile, motorcycle high-performance magnesium-alloy carried out in North America, Europe the earliest, the demand of magnesium alloy die casting and deformed magnesium alloy material is with the amplification rapid growth of annual 20% in recent years, and Japan has thrown huge fund and carried out research and the application to 3C Product magnesium alloy.
Compare with at present more ripe casting of magnesium alloy technology for making, the development of the Technology of Plastic Processing such as the forging of magnesium alloy, extruding, rolling, punching press and superplastic forming technology is relatively slow.
Present Domestic is produced two kinds of techniques of the general employing of magnesium alloy sheet outward:
1, finish rolling again after casting cogging: casting-milling technology parameter control difficulty, maturity is lower, and technical difficulty is higher.Should not realize package produces continuously.
2, finish rolling again after extrusion blooming, advantage is that good, the easy realization of material structure performance is produced continuously, the rolling supply of material, shortcoming be disposablely have high input, template control difficulty.Due to the restriction of be squeezed machine outlet size and extruding force, the general maximum of 2500t extruder cogging width can only reach 300 left and right, and large-tonnage extruder cost is very expensive.Because magnesium belongs to Patterns for Close-Packed Hexagonal Crystal structure, at room temperature only have a slide surface, on slide surface, there are 3 solid matter directions, so only have 3 slip systems under room temperature, it is moulding all lower than face-centered cubic and body-centered cubic.Under room temperature, the plasticity of magnesium alloy is poor, and distortion is difficult and be prone to deformation defect, and this has magnesium alloy self property to determine, is also the essential reason of restriction magnesium alloy machine-shaping.In extrusion process, material yield intensity is lower, and technology stability is higher; Yield tensile ratio is less, and extrusion performance is better.Influence factor has: the crystallite dimension of extruding force, extrusion speed, mold temperature, bar temperature, mould structure, bar aging technique, material etc.The crystallite dimension of material and shape have great impact to the extrusion performance of sheet material.
As can be seen here, the high investment of process equipment and inefficient production, the low expensive high volume applications that limits high-performance magnesium-alloy rolled sheet metal causing of yield rate.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of rolling and produce the Processes and apparatus of wide magnesium alloy strip, can meet the needed mechanical property condition of little tonnage extruder rolling magnesium alloy plate, control template, realize the object of small extruding machine wide cut degree cogging with the extrusion die of brand new ideas and corollary equipment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Rolling is produced a technique for wide magnesium alloy plate, be by as cast condition bar by forge-machining-high-temperature aging-bar of strip off the skin-multiaxis of milling face heat-push-flatten-curling; Concrete steps are as follows:
A. magnesium alloy cast bar is stripped off the skin and is removed surface casting cold shut layer by milling face; Within the scope of 230 ° of C-350 ° C, carry out 5 passage multiaxises and forge, the machined ￠ 600mm pole of making;
B. ￠ 600 poles are carried out the thinning microstructure of 460 ° of C high-temperature agings again, improve extrusion performance and the rolling performance of material; Make magnesium alloy materials through shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, make part crackle be eliminated formation fibr tissue by seam, segregation; Make the thick column crystal of part and dendritic crystal be transformed into tiny, uniform equiax crystal; Make to coordinate the cooled recrystallization of high-temperature aging to obtain subgrain tissue; Under electron microscope, TEM tissue particles average out to d=0.8 μ m; At room temperature, percentage elongation is 40% to described ￠ 600mm pole performance, and hot strength is 450MPa; At 200 ° of C, percentage elongation is 500%, has the stability of high heat, adds man-hour, is difficult for occurring defect coarse, crackle;
C. the magnesium alloy pole after thinning microstructure is processed to the wavy curved working face Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool of the wide cut 620mm plate arranging in ￠ 240mm the 2500t extruder by maximum discharging fabric width 330mm, coordinates and is squeezed into semicircle or undaform arc; Concrete technical conditions are as follows:
1), determine that the heating-up temperature of bar, the heating-up temperature of described ￠ 240mm bar get the temperature between temperature while having Second Phase Precipitation in the fusion temperature of magnesium alloy and magnesium alloy, 380～420 DEG C of temperature ranges;
2), determine magnesium alloy extrusion temperature, described magnesium alloy extrusion temperature comprises: when mold work, temperature is 380～430 DEG C, recipient when work temperature is 280～320 DEG C;
3) temperature difference, when reducing mould and contacting with blank, carries out preheating to mould before extruding, and while making extrusion blank put into mould, blank cooling is unlikely excessive and make Plasticity Decreasing, resistance of deformation increase; Can avoid blank surface and central core excessive temperature differentials, unhomogeneity of deformation is increased, prevent the damage of extrusion and mould simultaneously; Mold preheating temperature scope is set to 260～300 DEG C, and mould must be heated to the temperature slightly lower than blank;
D. the flattening of cylindrical shape or arc strip: adopt three roads successively to flatten, first adopts the pre-flattening machine of broadening formula by the preliminary arc strip magnesium alloy arc that launches to obtain wide cut; Second adopts wide cut flattening machine the magnesium alloy arc strip of wide cut to be expanded into the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut; San road adopt flatten polishing machine by the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut with 5% the smooth warm-rolling of drafts, eliminate extruding skid wire, obtain the magnesium alloy plate face of the wide cut 620cm that 2mm-4mm is thick; In the time of flattening, polishing, the magnesium alloy plate temperature of wide cut is greater than 230 DEG C, and each roll has the attemperating unit that regulates at any time heated roll temperature;
E. by coiling machine, the magnesium alloy plate of the wide cut 620cm after to light positive carries out curling rolling.
A kind of rolling is produced the equipment of wide magnesium alloy plate, comprise: multiaxis forging machine, extruder, flattening machine and winder, described extruder, flattening machine and winder rearrange along magnesium alloy plate discharging axis, and extruder, flattening machine and winder are provided with the control system of synchronous working; Wherein in extruder, be provided with the Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool of semicircular arc or undaform arc; The arrival end of Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool is provided with bar heater; Wherein flattening machine Wei San road successively flattens equipment, flattens polishing machine form by the pre-flattening machine of first broadening formula, second wide cut flattening machine He tri-roads; The described pre-flattening machine of first broadening formula comprises camber roll, support body I; The camber roll arranging in described support body I is made up of upper camber roll and lower camber roll, have to regulate the adjusting clearance mechanism I of camber roll and lower camber roll relative spacing position, described adjusting clearance mechanism I is made up of with the hoist cylinder I that is fixed on support body I is hinged rotating turret I; The two ends of described rotating turret I are hinged with support body I, hoist cylinder I respectively; Described upper camber roll is connected in described rotating turret I; Described lower camber roll is connected with hydraulic motor by transmission mechanism; The middle part of described upper camber roll is arc-shaped concave, and the curved surface of described lower camber roll and the curved surface of upper camber roll kiss are joined, and described upper camber roll and lower camber roll are electrical heating camber roll; Described second wide cut flattening machine has two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls; Two described upper nip rolls lay respectively between three adjacent lower nip rolls; Have the adjusting clearance mechanism II for adjusting two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls relative spacing positions, described adjusting clearance mechanism II is made up of rotating turret II and the hoist cylinder II that is fixed on support body II; The two ends of described rotating turret II are hinged with support body II, hoist cylinder II respectively; Two upper nip rolls are connected in described rotating turret II; Three described lower nip rolls are connected with power set by transmission mechanism.Two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls are electric heating roller; Two flat-rolls that described San road flattens polishing machine are electric heating roller.
Rolling is produced an equipment for wide magnesium alloy plate, and the crimping roller of described winder is set to electrical heating winding up roller.
Produce a wide magnesium alloy plate for rolling, have the magnesium alloy plate of the rectangular configuration that is curl shape, magnesium alloy plate width is 620mm, and magnesium alloy plate thickness is 2mm-4mm.
Owing to adopting technical scheme as above, the present invention has following superiority:
A kind of rolling is produced the Processes and apparatus of wide magnesium alloy strip, be a kind of can be with the process units of the extrusion equipment rolling cogging wide magnesium alloy plate of little tonnage, it is centered by little tonnage extruder, and supporting mould, cambered surface roll flattening machine, and utilize the camber line of point-to-point transmission forever than the principle of length, reach by flattening curved surface the object that increases fabric width; Adopt and optimize rational technique: multiaxis forging, high-temperature aging, extruding and flattening temperature, rolling is produced the wide magnesium alloy strip that exceeds extruder outlet size.With less investment, complete the production of wide magnesium alloy strip, and can the rolling supply of material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is mould structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional structural map of arc roll;
Fig. 3 is flat shape roll sectional structural map;
Fig. 4 is that the pre-flattening machine structure of first broadening formula master cuts open schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the side of Fig. 4 is cutd open schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is that second wide cut flattening machine structure master cuts open schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the side of Fig. 6 is cutd open schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 Shi tri-road polishing flattening machine structural representations.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of 2500 tons of extruders;
Figure 10 is process flow diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the curling wide magnesium alloy plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure: 1. front beam, 2. mould chamber, 3. cutting mechanism, 4. ingot-containing tube, 5. upper rail, 6. tension force post, 7. for ingot device, 8. piston bracket, 9. hydraulic system, 10. cooler, 11. fuel tanks, 12. main electric cabinets, 13. oil pumps, 14. pedestals, 15. prefill valves, 16. auxiliary oil cylinders, 17. master cylinders, 18. main plungers, 19. recipients, 20. guide rails, 21 die change cylinders, 22. moving-mold mechanisms, 23. locking cylinders, 24. bowed rollers, 25. wavy surface arcs, 26. electric heaters, 27. flat-rolls, 28. hoist cylinder I, 29. hydraulic motors, 30. hoist cylinder II, 31. curling wide magnesium alloy plates.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11: a kind of rolling is produced the technique of wide magnesium alloy plate, be by heat-little tonnage extruder extruding of forge-machining-high-temperature aging-bar of strip off the skin-multiaxis of milling face-flatten-curling by as cast condition bar; Its step is as follows:
A. magnesium alloy cast bar is stripped off the skin and is removed surface casting cold shut layer by milling face; Within the scope of 230 ° of C-350 ° C, carry out 5 passage multiaxises and forge, the machined ￠ 600mm pole of making;
B. ￠ 600mm pole is carried out the thinning microstructure of 460 ° of C high-temperature agings again, improve extrusion performance and the rolling performance of material; Make magnesium alloy materials through shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, make part crackle be eliminated formation fibr tissue by seam, segregation; Make the thick column crystal of part and dendritic crystal be transformed into tiny, uniform equiax crystal; Make to coordinate the cooled recrystallization of high-temperature aging to obtain subgrain tissue; Under electron microscope, TEM tissue particles average out to d=0.8 μ m; At room temperature, percentage elongation is 40% to described ￠ 600mm pole performance, and hot strength is 450MPa; At 200 ° of C, percentage elongation is 500%, has the stability of high heat, adds man-hour, is difficult for occurring defect coarse, crackle;
The W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool of the wide cut 620mm plate c. arranging in the 2500t extruder of the magnesium alloy pole after thinning microstructure by maximum discharging fabric width 330mm, coordinates and is squeezed into cylindrical shape or arc; Concrete technical conditions are as follows:
1, determine the heating-up temperature of bar, the temperature when heating-up temperature of described bar is got and had Second Phase Precipitation in the fusion temperature of magnesium alloy and magnesium alloy between temperature, 380～420 DEG C of temperature ranges;
2, determine magnesium alloy extrusion temperature; Described magnesium alloy extrusion temperature comprises: mold heated temperature is 380～430 DEG C, and recipient heating-up temperature is 280～320 DEG C;
3, the temperature difference while reducing mould and contact with blank, carries out preheating to mould before extruding, and while making extrusion blank put into mould, blank cooling is unlikely excessive and make Plasticity Decreasing, resistance of deformation increase; Can avoid blank surface and central core excessive temperature differentials, unhomogeneity of deformation is increased, prevent the damage of extrusion and mould simultaneously; Mold preheating temperature scope is set to 260～300 DEG C, and mould must be heated to the temperature slightly lower than blank;
D. the flattening of cylindrical shape or arc strip: adopt three roads successively to flatten, first adopts two camber roll flattening machines by the preliminary arc strip magnesium alloy arc that launches to obtain wide cut; Second adopts five plain-barreled roll flattening machines the magnesium alloy arc strip of wide cut to be expanded into the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut; San road adopt two plain-barreled rolls flatten polishing machines by the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut with 5% the smooth warm-rolling of drafts, eliminate extruding skid wire, obtain the magnesium alloy plate face of the wide cut 620cm that 2mm-4mm is thick; In the time of flattening, polishing, the magnesium alloy plate temperature of wide cut is greater than 230 DEG C, and each roll has the attemperating unit that regulates at any time heated roll temperature;
E. by coiling machine, the magnesium alloy plate of the wide cut 620cm after to light positive carries out curling rolling.
The wide magnesium alloy plate of the rolling of producing with little tonnage extruder, the plank frame with rectangle is the magnesium alloy plate of curl shape, and magnesium alloy plate width is 620mm, and magnesium alloy plate thickness is 2mm-4mm.
Rolling is produced an equipment for wide magnesium alloy plate, comprising: multiaxis forging machine, little tonnage extruder, flattening machine and winder; Little tonnage extruder is made up of front beam 1, mould chamber 2, cutting mechanism 3, ingot-containing tube 4, upper rail 5, tension force post 6, confession ingot device 7, piston bracket 8, hydraulic system 9, cooler 10, fuel tank 11, main electric cabinet 12, oil pump 13, pedestal 14, prefill valve 15, auxiliary oil cylinder 16, master cylinder 17, main plunger 18, recipient 19, guide rail 20, die change cylinder 21, moving-mold mechanism 22, locking cylinder 23, wherein in extruder, is provided with W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool; There is the arrival end of W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool to be provided with bar heater; Wherein flattening machine Wei San road successively flattens equipment and flattens polishing machines by first two camber roll flattening machines, second five plain-barreled roll flattening machine He tri-road two plain-barreled rolls and form; Described extruder, flattening machine and winder rearrange along magnesium alloy plate discharging axis, and extruder, flattening machine and winder are provided with the control system of synchronous working;
Described W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles is constituted by least one group of W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles plate, every group is made up of three rondelle templates with W shape arc-shaped cavity structure, three rondelle templates are shunting seam chamber template, the wavy working face template of W type, strength support die-cushion template, as shown in Figure 1, the wave width of the W type wavy working face template cavity of the W shape arc-shaped cavity in shunting seam chamber template above in the middle of is wide, the wave width of the W type wavy working face template cavity of the W shape arc-shaped cavity in strength support die-cushion template below in the middle of is narrow, and cylindrical rod base is by wide, in, the mould of narrow W shape arc-shaped cavity template composition, be squeezed into as the W shape arc in cavity body of mould in Fig. 1.
The pre-flattening machine of first broadening formula as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the described pre-flattening machine of broadening formula comprises camber roll, support body I; The camber roll arranging in described support body I is made up of upper camber roll and lower camber roll, have to regulate the adjusting clearance mechanism I of camber roll and lower camber roll relative spacing position, described adjusting clearance mechanism I is made up of with the hoist cylinder I 28 that is fixed on support body I is hinged rotating turret I; The two ends of described rotating turret I are hinged with support body I, hoist cylinder I 28 respectively; Described upper camber roll is connected in described rotating turret I; Described lower camber roll is connected with hydraulic motor 29 by transmission mechanism; The middle part of described upper camber roll is arc-shaped concave, and the curved surface of described lower camber roll and the curved surface of upper camber roll kiss are joined, and described upper camber roll and lower camber roll are electrical heating camber roll.
Second wide cut flattening machine as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, described wide cut flattening machine has two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls; Two described upper nip rolls lay respectively between three adjacent lower nip rolls; Have the adjusting clearance mechanism II for adjusting two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls relative spacing positions, described adjusting clearance mechanism II is made up of rotating turret II and the hoist cylinder II 30 that is fixed on support body II; The two ends of described rotating turret II are hinged with support body II, hoist cylinder II 30 respectively; Two described upper nip rolls are connected in described rotating turret II; Three described lower nip rolls are connected with power set by transmission mechanism.Two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls are electric heating roller.
Tri-roads flatten polishing machine as shown in Figure 8, and two flat-rolls are electric heating roller.
The structural representation of 2500 tons of extruders that Fig. 9 provides, 2500 tons of described extruders adopt the technical pattern of existing 2500 tons of extruders
Wide magnesium alloy plate through flattening polishing is by rolling circumnutate song, rolling, packaging, warehouse-in.Described curling, winding process and related winder adopt existing curling, winding process and winder.Described winder crimping roller is electrical heating winding up roller.
Described electrical heating camber roll, flat-roll are hollow roll, interior arrangement electric heater, and have attemperating unit, regulate at any time roller temperature
Below taking AZ31 magnesium alloy as example
First, magnesium alloy cast bar is removed to surface casting cold shut, is processed into ￠ 600mm pole, within the scope of 230 ° of C-350 ° C, carry out 5 passage multiaxises and forge, be processed to the cylindrical rod base of Ф 240mm.Forge in process at multiaxis, make as cast metal form fibr tissue, shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, crackle are by seam, and part segregation is eliminated, and the column crystal that part is thick and dendritic crystal are transformed into tiny, uniform equiax crystal.Coordinate the cooled recrystallization of high-temperature aging to obtain subgrain tissue.
Carry out again 460 ° of C high-temperature agings, magnesium alloy materials after treatment under electron microscope, the average d=0.8 μ of TEM tissue particles m.Its performance is:
1. under room temperature, percentage elongation 40% and 450MPa hot strength; 200 ° of C, approximately 500% percentage elongation.
2. the stability of high heat.Add man-hour, be difficult for occurring coarse, defects i.e.cracks.
The crystallite dimension of magnesium alloy cast bar material and shape extrusion performance and the rolling performance on sheet material has great impact.The characteristic of fine grained texture is that objectionable impurities more disperses, the brittle transition temperature of material reduces, the high temperature yield limit reduces.Therefore, thinning microstructure has improved extrusion performance and the rolling performance of material.
Then, by W shape arc extrusion die, make the about 400mm of the design discharging opening full-size left and right of 2500t extruder, the about 330mm of maximum discharging fabric width, can realize the strip that obtains fabric width 620mm.First cylindrical rod base is heated to 380 ° of C-420 ° C, delivers to 2500t extruder extruding, by the mould shown in Fig. 1, be squeezed into as the cylindrical shape in cavity body of mould in Fig. 1 or arc i.e. wavy surface arc 25 shown in Fig. 2.Consider the intensity of extrusion die and difficulty of processing, disassembly, cleaning, the factor repairing a die, therefore, the present invention has adopted W shape arc Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool.
Extrusion process condition, temperature can obtain there is Second Phase Precipitation in the fusion temperature of certain magnesium alloy and alloy from magnesium alloy state diagram time.So can obtain extrusion temperature scope in these two temperature ranges, but this is a rough temperature range.In order to determine more accurately the extrusion temperature scope of this kind of magnesium alloy, need to be analyzed and researched to the diagram of forgeability behaviour of this magnesium alloy and resistance of deformation figure and recrystallization figure.Can obtain in certain temperature range its plasticity from the diagram of forgeability behaviour of magnesium alloy the highest.Within so the heating-up temperature scope of blank can be chosen in this temperature range.Mg-Al-Zn structural diagram is the primary foundation of determining magnesium alloy extrusion temperature.The fusion temperature of AZ31 is 603 DEG C.Since 230 DEG C, in alloy, there is Second Phase Precipitation.Therefore, the extrusion temperature scope one of AZ31 fixes within the scope of 230～603 DEG C.Know from the diagram of forgeability behaviour of AZ31 magnesium alloy, in the temperature range of 350～400 DEG C, plasticity is the highest.When extruding, blank heating temperature is 400 DEG C.
Magnesium alloy deformation temperature range is narrow, and thermal conductivity is good, runs into cold mould and can produce chilling and crack.So will carry out preheating to mould before extruding, its effect is, the temperature difference when reducing mould and contact with blank, while making extrusion blank put into mould, blank is lowered the temperature unlikely excessive and make Plasticity Decreasing, resistance of deformation increase; Can avoid blank surface and central core excessive temperature differentials, unhomogeneity of deformation is increased, so that cause the damage of extrusion and mould simultaneously.Because blank and mould contact surface are long-pending large, time of contact is long, and mould must be heated to the temperature slightly lower than blank, therefore mold preheating temperature scope is 260～300 DEG C.Temperature leak while considering extruding, the final definite extrusion process of the present invention: bar heating-up temperature is 380～420 DEG C, and mold heated temperature is 380～430 DEG C, and recipient heating-up temperature is 280～320 DEG C.
For being smoothly the flat board that the wavy surface arc 25 shown in Fig. 2 launches to obtain wide cut by cylindrical shape or arc arc, obtain good magnesium alloy template through curling, the present invention adopts three roads successively to flatten.
First adopts two camber roll flattening machines that arc strip is tentatively launched: wavy surface arc 25 is flattened in advance by first arc roller flattening machine as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, flattens and pricks roller as shown in Figure 2; Entering subsequently second flattens.
Second adopts five plain-barreled roll flattening machines that the arc of the pre-flattening entering is expanded into magnesium alloy plate; As shown in Figure 3, five plain-barreled roll flattening machines as shown in Figure 6,7, for ensureing surface quality and the template of magnesium alloy plate, enter San road and flatten flat-roll 27 subsequently.
San road adopts and flattens polishing machine is polishing flat roll mill, as shown in Figure 8, flat-roll 27 as shown in Figure 3, polishing flat roll mill carries out warm-rolling with 5% drafts to the magnesium alloy plate after flattening, band, the extruding slide mark of eliminating magnesium plate surface, finally reaches the magnesium alloy plate that fabric width 620mm, surface quality and template are qualified.
Finally by qualified magnesium alloy plate, band after warm-rolling, be curled into curling wide magnesium alloy plate 31 by crimping machine, there is the magnesium alloy plate of the rectangular configuration that is curl shape, magnesium alloy plate width is 620mm, magnesium alloy plate thickness is 2mm-4mm.Through rolling, packaging, warehouse-in.For ensureing magnesium alloy plate quality, magnesium alloy plate is during flattening and warm-rolling, and magnesium alloy plate, band temperature will remain on 230 ° of C.For ensureing that magnesium alloy plate is not less than 230 DEG C in the temperature flattening in the operation of rolling, roll is made hollow roll, interior arrangement electrical bar, and have attemperating unit, regulate at any time roller temperature, with Mg supplementation plate thermal loss.
Claims (2)
1. rolling is produced a technique for wide magnesium alloy plate, it is characterized in that: be by as cast condition bar by forge-machining-high-temperature aging-bar of strip off the skin-multiaxis of milling face heat-push-flatten-curling; Concrete steps are as follows:
A. magnesium alloy cast bar is stripped off the skin and is removed surface casting cold shut layer by milling face; Within the scope of 230 ° of C-350 ° C, carry out 5 passage multiaxises and forge, the machined ￠ 600mm pole of making;
B. ￠ 600mm pole is carried out the thinning microstructure of 460 ° of C high-temperature agings again, improve extrusion performance and the rolling performance of material; Make magnesium alloy materials through shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, make part crackle be eliminated formation fibr tissue by seam, segregation; Make the thick column crystal of part and dendritic crystal be transformed into tiny, uniform equiax crystal; Make to coordinate the cooled recrystallization of high-temperature aging to obtain subgrain tissue; Under electron microscope, TEM tissue particles average out to d=0.8 μ m; At room temperature, percentage elongation is 40% to described ￠ 600mm pole performance, and hot strength is 450MPa; At 200 ° of C, percentage elongation is 500%, has the stability of high heat, adds man-hour, is difficult for occurring defect coarse, crackle;
C. the magnesium alloy pole after thinning microstructure is processed to the wavy curved working face Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool of the wide cut 620mm plate arranging in ￠ 240mm the 2500t extruder by maximum discharging fabric width 330mm, coordinates and is squeezed into semicircle or undaform arc; Concrete technical conditions are as follows:
1), determine that the heating-up temperature of bar, the heating-up temperature of described ￠ 240mm bar get the temperature between temperature while having Second Phase Precipitation in the fusion temperature of magnesium alloy and magnesium alloy, 380～420 DEG C of temperature ranges;
2), determine magnesium alloy extrusion temperature, described magnesium alloy extrusion temperature comprises: when mold work, temperature is 380～430 DEG C, recipient when work temperature is 280～320 DEG C;
3) temperature difference, when reducing mould and contacting with blank, carries out preheating to mould before extruding, and while making extrusion blank put into mould, blank cooling is unlikely excessive and make Plasticity Decreasing, resistance of deformation increase; Can avoid blank surface and central core excessive temperature differentials, unhomogeneity of deformation is increased, prevent the damage of extrusion and mould simultaneously; Mold preheating temperature scope is set to 260～300 DEG C, and mould must be heated to the temperature slightly lower than blank;
D. the flattening of cylindrical shape or arc strip: adopt three roads successively to flatten, first adopts the pre-flattening machine of broadening formula by the preliminary arc strip magnesium alloy arc that launches to obtain wide cut; Second adopts wide cut flattening machine the magnesium alloy arc strip of wide cut to be expanded into the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut; San road adopt flatten polishing machine by the magnesium alloy plate of wide cut with 5% the smooth warm-rolling of drafts, eliminate extruding skid wire, obtain the magnesium alloy plate face of the wide cut 620cm that 2mm-4mm is thick; In the time of flattening, polishing, the magnesium alloy plate temperature of wide cut is greater than 230 DEG C, and each roll has the attemperating unit that regulates at any time heated roll temperature;
E. by coiling machine, the magnesium alloy plate of the wide cut 620cm after to light positive carries out curling rolling.
2. a kind of rolling of technique is produced the equipment of wide magnesium alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprising: multiaxis forging machine, extruder, flattening machine and winder, described extruder, flattening machine and winder rearrange along magnesium alloy plate discharging axis, and extruder, flattening machine and winder are provided with the control system of synchronous working; Wherein in extruder, be provided with the Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool of semicircular arc or undaform arc; The arrival end of Extrusion Porthole Die for Aluminium Profiles tool is provided with bar heater; Wherein flattening machine Wei San road successively flattens equipment, flattens polishing machine form by the pre-flattening machine of first broadening formula, second wide cut flattening machine He tri-roads; The described pre-flattening machine of first broadening formula comprises camber roll, support body I; The camber roll arranging in described support body I is made up of upper camber roll and lower camber roll, have to regulate the adjusting clearance mechanism I of camber roll and lower camber roll relative spacing position, described adjusting clearance mechanism I is by rotating turret I and the hinged formation of hoist cylinder I (28) that is fixed on support body I; The two ends of described rotating turret I are hinged with support body I, hoist cylinder I (28) respectively; Described upper camber roll is connected in described rotating turret I; Described lower camber roll is connected with hydraulic motor (29) by transmission mechanism; The middle part of described upper camber roll is arc-shaped concave, and the curved surface of described lower camber roll and the curved surface of upper camber roll kiss are joined, and described upper camber roll and lower camber roll are electrical heating camber roll; Described second wide cut flattening machine has two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls; Two described upper nip rolls lay respectively between three adjacent lower nip rolls; Have the adjusting clearance mechanism II for adjusting two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls relative spacing positions, described adjusting clearance mechanism II is made up of rotating turret II and the hoist cylinder II (30) that is fixed on support body II; The two ends of described rotating turret II are hinged with support body II, hoist cylinder II (30) respectively; Two described upper nip rolls are connected in described rotating turret II; Three described lower nip rolls are connected with power set by transmission mechanism, and two upper nip rolls and three lower nip rolls are electric heating roller; Two flat-rolls that described San road flattens polishing machine are electric heating roller; Wherein, winder crimping roller is set to electrical heating winding up roller.
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| CN103008377B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | A kind of novel magnesium alloy plate extruding formation process |
| CN108787745A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-13 | 中国宝武钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of production line of temperature control continuous rolling production magnesium-alloy material |
| CN107030134B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-04-16 | 大连康丰科技有限公司 | The continuous extrusion production method of metal plate and belt blank |
| CN107020306B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-05-17 | 大连康丰科技有限公司 | The metal plate and belt production method for being continuously extruded into U-shaped material and flattening online |
| CN107214206A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-29 | 福建坤孚股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of high flatness wide cut magnesium sheet material |
| CN108817114A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-11-16 | 河南明镁镁业科技有限公司 | A kind of low cost improves the preparation method of magnesium alloy wide-width |
| CN111166083B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-02-01 | 佛山市索奥科技有限公司 | Aluminum profile and production method for producing large-width-section aluminum plate by using same |
| CN112620371A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-09 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for preparing fine-grain magnesium alloy through reciprocating torsion, extrusion and deformation |
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