CN102487718B - A kind of vegetative reproduction method of Phnom Penh Eby's - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid vegetative propagation method of Elaeagnus × ebbingei "Gilt edge", which comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting 3-year-old Elaeagnus ebbingei as the female parent, and culturing 1 year before grafting The female parent was re-cut in April, and then the rootstock for grafting was pruned in January. The 8-year-old hybrid Elaeagnus × ebbingei was selected as the rootstock, and grafted by split grafting at the end of February and early March, and the scion was selected in early July. The germinated thick branches are used as cuttings, soak the lower part of the cuttings with hormone for 10 minutes, insert them into the slotting bed, and use full-light spray for management. The method can effectively solve the problem of rapid propagation of the seedlings of the Phnom Penh Ebi sativa.

Description

A kind of vegetative reproduction method of Phnom Penh Eby's

technical field

The invention relates to a rapid vegetative propagation method of Elaeagnus×ebbingei "Gilt edge" and belongs to the technical field of seedling propagation of woody plants.

Background technique

Phnom Penh Ebbingei (Elaeagnus × ebbingei "Gilt edge") is a plant of the genus Elaeagnus in the family Elaeagnaceae. Evergreen shrub, upright or trailing, without thorns or with thorns, all the stems are densely covered with silvery or light brown, peltate scales; leaves are alternate, the back of the leaves is silvery, the leaves are dark green, and the leaves are inlaid with yellow spots; white in winter Or yellow flowers, usually bisexual, sometimes polygamous, often solitary or in clusters in leaf axils; calyx tubular or campanulate, contracted above ovary, lobes 4; stamens 4, filaments very short; nuts enclosed in post-anthesis Large fleshy calyx tube. It likes humidity and light, and is also shade-tolerant. The soil is fertile and well-drained loam, and it is cold-resistant and drought-resistant.

The branches of Phnom Penh Abyssinia jasmine are staggered, which is very beautiful, and it releases a very strong jasmine fragrance during the flowering period. Potted plants can decorate the living room and make bonsai. The outdoor planting courtyard has a strong sense of hierarchy and freshness. It has strong adaptability, is very drought-resistant and cold-resistant, and can also be used for road greening. It is a very rare hedge plant. This variety is formed from the buds of the hybrid scorpion. At present, the number of seedlings in China is very small. Relevant studies have shown that the seedlings propagated by seeds have relatively large variations and unstable properties. Therefore, seedling resources in the market are extremely scarce.

Grafting and cutting propagation are commonly used asexual propagation methods for plants, and are also the preferred way to solve seedling production in China at present. There have been reports on the research on the cutting propagation of the plants of the genus S. genus, but there is no report on the research on the rapid vegetative propagation of the plants of the genus S. genus by cuttings that were grafted in the same year. For example, Yang Yanhong used humus soil substrate to carry out twig cuttings (see Journal of Chinese Agricultural Sciences, 2011 No. 8), and the rooting rate reached 78.1%; Liu Licheng used perlite substrate to carry out cuttings of S. (see Shaanxi Forestry Science and Technology, 2010 No. 3), the rooting rate is 76.67%. There is no report on the method of fast and large-scale industrialized breeding of Phnom Penh Ebi sativa. Single use of cuttings can quickly propagate seedlings, but there are very few seedlings in the Phnom Penh Ebi Hudao market, which greatly limits the number of cuttings and cuttings. And single adopting grafting propagation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the sprouting of grafted seedling stock greatly affects the growth and shaping of greening seedlings. Plants of the genus Scutellaria are evergreen shrubs, and the branches grow all year round, but the growth rate varies with the seasons. Using this growth characteristic, grafting and cuttings can be used in combination. To sum up, grafting the same year's cuttings of Phnom Penh's Eby's will greatly improve the reproduction coefficient, which is of great significance to the development, promotion and utilization of Phnom's Eby's.

Contents of the invention

The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for asexual reproduction of Phnom Penh Ebi sativa.

For solving this technology adopt following technical scheme:

A) Treatment of the female parent of the scion: select the cutting seedlings of the 3-year-old Phnom Penh Ebi Scutellaria as the female parent. In April of the year before grafting, the female parent was re-cut, and all the main branches were cut off to promote the thick growth and high growth of the sprouting branches.

B) Treatment of grafted rootstocks: select the 7-8 year-old Scutellaria sativa as the rootstock to be pruned in January, cut or saw off the main branch of the rootstock at a height of 20-30cm from the ground, and cut the incision into a smooth plane for healing, preferably Select 8-year-old hybrid Elaeagnus × ebbingei (for example, references PROPAGATION OF ELAEAGNUS × EBBINGEI BYCUTTINGS AND ITS EVALUATION AS AN ORNAMENTAL FOR USE IN URBAN ANDSUB-URBAN AREAS, A.Akoumianaki-Ioannidou et al),

C) Grafting: Grafting is carried out at the end of February and early March, and the split grafting method is selected. Carry out grafting at the position (about 10cm) that the rootstock is close to the surface. The length of the cuttings is 5-10cm, with 1-2 axillary buds, the thickness is about 0.5cm, and the upper end is sealed with wax. The present invention can be implemented by adopting cleave splicing techniques known in the art. The following splicing method is preferred: use a grafting knife to cut a smooth incision in the middle of the top of the rootstock, with a depth of about 3 cm. At the same time, make a reverse incision about 2 cm in length on the scion. Connect face-to-face with the rootstock. After the grafting is completed, immediately wrap it with plastic grafting tape to ensure that the cambium of the scion is aligned with the rootstock. At the same time, after the grafting is completed, remove the rootstock sprouts in time.

D) Cutting substrate deployment: the substrate uses horse liver soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 1:1. After mixing evenly, pour it into the cuttage pool that has been built. The specification of the cutting pool is 2m in width and 0.3m in height, and the length depends on the number of cuttings. Then, carbendazim was mixed into the matrix at a ratio of 4 g/m ² .

E) Cutting treatment: In the first ten days of July, select healthy and pest-free branches as cuttings. The lower incision of the cuttings should be cut flat, the upper incision should be cut obliquely, the incision should be smooth and without cracks; the length should be 10-15cm; one pair of leaves should be reserved for the cuttings, and there must be complete and full axillary buds. The cuttings follow the cuttings as they are picked.

F) Hormone treatment: use 500mg/LNAA+250mg/LIBA to soak the lower part of the cuttings for 10 minutes, then insert them into the slotting bed, and use sprinkler irrigation to thoroughly water the substrate.

G) Full-light spray management: Use a timer to control the water pump, and the spray time is controlled as follows: on sunny days, especially in high-temperature weather, the spray time interval is 10 minutes, and each spray is 1-2 minutes to achieve the cooling effect, and spray less or not on cloudy days Spray, the general time interval is 20 minutes, each spray 0.5-1min, do not spray on rainy days. The temperature is 20-28°C and the relative humidity is 75-80%.

The beneficial effect of the present invention relative to prior art is:

1 Reasonable use of the growth characteristics of the plants of the genus S. genus, established the asexual propagation method of the cuttings of the same year of grafting of the Phnom Penh Ebi. The rootstock of perennial scorpion is used, the branches are thick, and there are few sprouts. After successful grafting, it can provide rich nutrition and promote the growth of scions. The preferred choice is the 8-year-old Elaeagnus×ebbingei scorpion from the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Province. April-June is the most vigorous growth period of Phnom Penh ebbingei scorpion. Propagation provides cuttings. The reproduction coefficient reaches more than 13 times.

2. Traditional cutting substrates such as vermiculite, perlite, loess, and plant ash are not conducive to plant cultivation and growth, and can only be used for cutting rooting. After rooting, transplanting is required. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also often leads to the death of cutting seedlings transplanted, thereby causing losses. Using the cutting method of the present application, direct rooting and planting without transplanting greatly saves manpower and material resources;

3 In the existing cutting method, after the cuttings are cut from the parent body, the cuttings are not subjected to any treatment, and the cuttings are directly cut. It takes three months or even longer from the cuttings to the root growth. It is well known in the art that the types of hormones and Concentration has a significant effect on the growth and development of plants. The inventors of the present application have found that for the cuttings of Phnom Penh Ebi succulents, use 500mg/LNAA+250mg/LIBA solution to soak the lower part of the cuttings for 10min. The callus differentiation time;

4 Cutting substrates play an extremely important role in plant cutting propagation. Different cutting substrates have a great influence on the survival rate of cutting cuttings. Different substrates have their own characteristics in terms of water holding capacity, water permeability, heat preservation, and moisture retention. Horse liver soil is a unique soil in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is sandy and can hold roots when dry and retain water when wet. After years of creative work, the inventors of the present application have carried out a large number of screening and comparison experiments, and screened out a large number of cutting substrates. It is concluded that the combination of horse liver soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 1:1 is the most suitable for the rooting and survival of the cuttings of Phnom Penh's Ebi succulents. The substrates interact with each other to achieve the effects of ventilation, moisture retention and root consolidation. It can not only quickly promote the rooting of cuttings, but also promote the growth of plants after the cuttings survive. The final survival rate is more than 90%, and the reproduction coefficient reaches 14 times. After surviving, it can quickly reach the seedling specification, and can efficiently obtain high-quality seedlings of Phnom Penh Ebi sativa, which greatly meets the needs of the market.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

1. Treatment of the female parent of the scion. In April 2009, the female parent Phnom Penh Ebi succulents was re-cut, and all the main branches were cut off, so as to promote the thick growth and high growth of sprouting branches.

2. Treatment of grafted rootstocks. The 7-year-old hybrid Elaeagnus × ebbingei was selected as the rootstock, which was pruned in January 2010, and the sprouted branches were kept for grafting. Cut the rootstock at a height of 20-30cm from the ground, and cut the cut into a smooth plane for sealing.

3. Grafting. Grafting was carried out at the beginning of March 2010, and the split grafting method was selected. The rootstock is now cut to a height of 10cm before grafting. Scion length 10cm, thickness 0.5cm, with 1-2 axillary buds. After the grafting is completed, remove the rootstock sprouts in time. A total of 200 plants were grafted, and each plant was grafted with 3 branches. On the 6th day after grafting, the rootstock and scion incisions were healed. After the 20th day of grafting, the axillary buds began to germinate. 489 branches survived, with a survival rate of 81.50%.

4. Cutting substrate deployment. The substrate is horse liver soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 1:1. After mixing evenly, pour it into the cutting pool that has been built. The specifications of the cutting pool are 2m in width, 0.3m in height and 20m in length. Then, mix carbendazim into the soil at a ratio of 4g/m ² .

5. Treatment of cuttings. On July 1, 2010, the number of axillary buds on the grafted surviving branches was counted, with an average of 12/branch. In early July, select healthy and pest-free branches as cuttings. The lower incision of the cuttings is cut flat, the upper incision is cut obliquely, the incision is smooth, without cracks; the length is 5-10cm; the cuttings retain 1 pair of leaves, and there must be 1-2 complete and full lateral buds. The top 3-4 axillary buds are too tender and not lignified enough, so they are not used. At the same time, the cuttings are cut with the harvest. A total of 3000 cuttings were cut.

6. Hormone treatment. Use 500mg/L NAA+250mg/L IBA to soak the lower part of the cuttings for 10 minutes, then insert them into the slotting bed, and use sprinkler irrigation to thoroughly water the substrate.

7. Full-illumination spray management. Use a timer to control the water pump, and the spray time is controlled as follows: on sunny days, especially in high temperature weather, the spray interval is 10 minutes, and each spray is 1-2 minutes to achieve the cooling effect. On cloudy days, spray less or not, and the general time interval is 20 minutes , Spray 0.5-1min each time, do not spray on rainy days. The temperature is 20-28°C and the relative humidity is 75%.

8. Survival rate statistics. 15 days after cutting, calluses grew from the base of the cuttings. 30 days after cutting, the number of roots and rooting rate were counted, and a total of 2763 plants survived, with a survival rate of 92.1%. The reproduction coefficient is 13.81 times.

Embodiment two

1. Treatment of the female parent of the scion. In April 2010, the female parent was re-cut, and all the main branches were cut off to promote the thick growth and high growth of the sprouting branches.

2. Treatment of grafted rootstocks. The 8-year-old hybrid Elaeagnus × ebbingei was selected as the rootstock, which was pruned in January 2011, and the sprouted branches were kept for grafting. Cut the rootstock at a height of 20-30cm from the ground, and cut the cut into a smooth plane for sealing.

3. Grafting. Grafting was carried out at the beginning of March 2011, and the split grafting method was selected. The rootstock is now cut to a height of 10cm before grafting. Scion length 10cm, thickness 0.5cm, with 1-2 axillary buds. After the grafting is completed, remove the rootstock sprouts in time. A total of 200 plants were grafted, and each plant was grafted with 3 branches. On the 8th day after grafting, the rootstock and scion incisions were healed. After the 20th day of grafting, the axillary buds began to germinate. 503 branches survived, with a survival rate of 83.83%.

4. Cutting substrate deployment. The substrate is horse liver soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 1:1. After mixing evenly, pour it into the cutting pool that has been built. The specifications of the cutting pool are 2m in width, 0.3m in height and 20m in length. Then, mix carbendazim into the soil at a ratio of 4g/m ² .

5. Treatment of cuttings. On July 10, 2011, the number of axillary buds on the grafted surviving branches was counted, with an average of 10/branch. In early July, select healthy and pest-free branches as cuttings. The lower incision of the cuttings is cut flat, the upper incision is cut obliquely, the incision is smooth, without cracks; the length is 5-10cm; the cuttings retain 1 pair of leaves, and there must be 1-2 complete and full lateral buds. The top 2-3 axillary buds are too tender and not lignified enough, so they are not used. At the same time, the cuttings are cut with the harvest. A total of 3200 cuttings were cut.

6. Hormone treatment. Use 500mg/L NAA+250mg/L IBA to soak the lower part of the cuttings for 10 minutes, then insert them into the slotting bed, and use sprinkler irrigation to thoroughly water the substrate.

7. Full-illumination spray management. Use a timer to control the water pump, and the spray time is controlled as follows: on sunny days, especially in high temperature weather, the spray interval is 10 minutes, and each spray is 1-2 minutes to achieve the cooling effect. On cloudy days, spray less or not, and the general time interval is 20 minutes , Spray 0.5-1min each time, do not spray on rainy days. The temperature is 20-28°C and the relative humidity is 80%.

8. Survival rate statistics. 10 days after cutting, calluses grew from the base of the cuttings. 30 days after cutting, the number of roots and rooting rate were counted. A total of 2833 plants survived, and the survival rate reached 88.53%. The reproduction coefficient is 14.17 times.

According to the asexual propagation method disclosed in the application, the rooting of cuttings can be rapidly promoted, and the growth of plants after surviving cuttings can be promoted. Utilizing the combined substrate cuttings to cut the S. Phnom Penh Ebi, can quickly and effectively obtain a large number of Phnom Penh Eby S. seedlings, and solve the problem of its resource shortage; through the normalization of factors such as grafting, rootstock, substrate, cuttings, hormones, and sprinkler irrigation conditions Crossover experiments have determined the optimal plan for the cuttings of Phnom Penh's Ebi sativa, so that the cuttings are grafted in the same year of asexual reproduction, and the survival rate is over 90%, and the reproduction coefficient reaches 14 times, and the high-quality seedlings of Phnom Penh's Eby sage are efficiently obtained , greatly meeting the market demand.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of vegetative propagation method of Phnom Penh Abby's clover, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: A) processing of grafted female parent; B) processing of grafted rootstock; C) grafting; D) cutting matrix deployment; E) cuttings processing; F) hormone processing; G) full light spray management; It is characterized in that, the processing method of the grafted female parent in the step A) is: select 3-year-old Phnom Penh Ebi succulents as the female parent, re-cut the female parent in April of 1 year before grafting, and cut off all the main branches, Promote the growth of shoots; The grafting rootstock treatment method in step B) is: select 8-year-old hybrid Elaeagnus × ebbingei as the rootstock, pruning in January, cutting or sawing off the main branch of the rootstock at a height of 20-30 cm from the ground, and cutting the incision into smooth surface for healing; In step C), the grafting is carried out at the end of February and the beginning of March, and the splitting method is selected; the grafting is carried out at a position close to the surface of the rootstock, the length of the scion is 5-10 cm, with 1-2 axillary buds, the thickness is about 0.5 cm, and the upper end is sealed with wax ; The matrix preparation process in step D) is as follows: the matrix uses horse liver soil and peat soil with a volume ratio of 1:1, mixes them evenly, and pours them into the cutting pool that has been built. The cutting pool specifications are 2m in width and 0.3m in height. The length is 20m, and the carbendazim is mixed into the matrix, and the usage ratio is 4g/m ² ; The treatment time in step E) is the first ten days of July, and the strong branches extracted from the scion are selected as cuttings, the cuttings are cut flat at the lower incision, obliquely cut at the upper incision, the incision is smooth, and there is no rupture; the length is 10-15cm; the cuttings retain 1 pair of blades; The cutting hormone treatment method in step F) is: use 500mg/LNAA+250mg/L IBA to soak the lower section of the cuttings for 10min, and then insert them into the cutting bed; The full-illumination spray management in step G) is: use a timer to control the water pump, and the spray time is controlled as follows: on sunny days, the spray time interval is 10 minutes, and each spray is 1-2 minutes to achieve the cooling effect, and spray less or not on cloudy days , Do not spray on rainy days, the temperature is 20-28 ℃, and the relative humidity is 75-80%. 2. the vegetative propagation method of Phnom Penh's Abby succulents according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step C) the cleaving method that adopts is: cut a smooth otch in the middle of the top of stock with grafting knife, depth 3cm Left and right, at the same time, make a reverse incision of about 2cm on the scion, the incision should be parallel to the slope of the rootstock, and connect the scion and the rootstock face to face. After the grafting is completed, wrap it with plastic grafting tape immediately to ensure that the scion and rootstock are formed Layer alignment.