CN1024774C - 软包装容器及其薄膜 - Google Patents

软包装容器及其薄膜 Download PDF

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CN1024774C
CN1024774C CN91105542A CN91105542A CN1024774C CN 1024774 C CN1024774 C CN 1024774C CN 91105542 A CN91105542 A CN 91105542A CN 91105542 A CN91105542 A CN 91105542A CN 1024774 C CN1024774 C CN 1024774C
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朱尔·米龙
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Colgate Palmolive Co
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Abstract

一个包装家庭用品例如漂白剂的软包装袋可以用一种或多层薄膜和RF密封技术制作，该薄膜具有至少一个隔离层和至少一个密封层而且该薄膜还具有至少约为600cm3/m2/日/巴的氧穿透性和一种芳香剂的穿透性。另外，该薄膜应该处于出厂后约2至约24周期限内的产品，制成的软包装袋具有坚固的密封和整体的好强度。

Description

本发明涉及适于制作软包装袋的多层薄膜，该软包装袋可以使用射频能进行密封，并特别涉及容纳液体或膏剂的软包装袋，且它们对于氧气和芳香物质至少具有部分穿透性。
现在，人们不断地努力减轻包装所用材料的重量。作为这种努力的一部分，现在，将过去用瓶装出售的物质以薄膜软包装容器出卖。这样，可使包装重量减至低于瓶装的一半。如果液体液质在薄膜包装之前浓缩的话还可以另外的节省包装材料。这样，加上使用时再进行稀释，所以包装薄膜的需要量可以进一步减少。然而，为了有效地应用在包装中，薄膜必须具有特别的性能。作为一个具体的例子就是使用射频（RF）能技术来制造和/或密封包装薄膜。在RF密封技术中，将RF能用于使薄膜足够地软化以使薄膜可以热合。这是一种有效的密封技术，因为，将制造软包装袋的两层薄膜被加热到相似的温度并可以进行热合。在足够软化的温度点上，但是要在薄膜材料产生流动性之前，这两层材料就会热合起来。这样，相对于使用粘合剂或使用传导来加热薄膜亦即通过与一个热金属板接触加热薄膜而言具有重要的优点。也就是说，RF能技术可提供更均匀的加热条件，所以能形成良好密封。
虽然，RF能可实现良好密封，但应用RF能时有一定的要求。该薄膜必须能用RF能加热。这就是，它必须能够通过与具有频率约为10MHz（兆赫）到50MHz（兆赫）的RF能接触而加热到接近融化状态。而这一频率范围大多应用于加热聚合的材料。但不是所有聚合的薄膜能够用RF能有效地加热并形成良好密封。所以，用在密封层的塑料薄膜必须对于RF有适当敏感性。
而且，该薄膜还需要有另外的特性，这些特性至少部分地取决于用该薄膜制成的软包装所容纳的物质。已经发现，当薄膜用于容置漂白剂时，该薄膜就要具有一种氧的穿透性，因为漂白剂贮存在软包装袋期间要释放氧气。如果这些氧气不能通过软包装袋膜逸散出去，那么在软包装袋中的压力会积累升高并直至软包装袋可能破裂。如果这种情况发生，就将导致产品损耗和可能危害周围环境。此外，人们有时期望用软袋包装的许多产品中含有某些芳香物质可透散到外边。这是告诉消费者该产品带有芳香剂的一种方法。因此，这就希望薄膜对于芳香剂具有一定的穿透性。
特殊的多层薄膜可以有效地用RF能技术制造软包装袋。这种多层薄膜应该至少包括一个隔离层和至少一个密封层。这个隔离层是主要的包装层和主要的强度层。而这密封层将容易地吸收RF能，进而软化和能在软化状态进行热合。在一个特别实施例中，该密封层可自身热合的。而且，外面层应该是可印刷的。除了传播信息以外，该印刷层在用薄膜制造软包装袋时还起到一种滑爽剂的功能。另外，为了使用RF技术制造具有高强度密封的软包装袋，这种薄膜在其制造以后的约2周到24周以内，最好是约4周到20周以内就必须用来制造软包装袋。
优选的薄膜包括至少一个由聚烯烃构成的隔离层和至少一个由乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯构成的密封层。该乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层应该最好具有至少约18%的乙酸乙烯酯平均含量（按重量）并最佳值至少约20%（按重量）。因此，一个乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层可以具有乙酸乙烯酯的含量低于18或20%（按重量），只要另一层具有足够高的乙酸乙烯酯的含量以使两层的平均含量至少约为18%和最佳20%（按重量）。该薄膜具有一个厚度约为125微米至500微米，并最好约200至300微米。而隔离层具有一个厚度约为25微米至100微米，且最好约40至75微米。该密封层具有一个厚度约50微米至200微米和最佳约75至150微米。
除了上面所述以外，该薄膜应该具有一个氧气穿透性至少约为600cm3/m2/日/巴和最好至少约为1000cm3/m2/日/巴。对于芳香剂的穿透性应该是在90天周期中约为芳香剂含量的1～25%（重量），并最好约为3～15%。用这样的方式，袋中物质例如漂白剂在部分降解中产生的氧气就可以从袋中散出，而产品中的芳香剂就会在购买时被人们感觉到。
图1是一个带出口的软包装袋的后视图。
聚合物薄膜在许多包装中得以有效应用。这些聚合物薄膜既可以是单层的也可以是多层的薄膜。在许多实例中，多层薄膜由于其具有特殊的性质而必然被应用。有时，这些特性是由包装设计和所包装的物质决定的。这就肯定有一个适应性问题。该 主要包装的物质通常不应该通过聚合物薄膜而渗透。并应该能形成坚固的密封。这仅仅是某些特性，此外，当包装的是漂白剂时，这种薄膜应该具有一种氧气穿透能力。而且许多情况下还希望，在产品中含有某些芳香剂时，该芳香剂可透过薄膜。这样就使消费者确定，产品中的芳香剂是否是可以接受的。
已经发现，家庭用产品例如漂白剂和织物软化剂，都可以包装在至少含有一个隔离层和至少含有一个密封层的薄膜软包装袋中。这个隔离层最好是一种聚烯烃，例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯。这种聚乙烯可以是一种高或低密度的聚乙烯。而密封层通常是一种乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯，并且，最佳优选是在乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯中，乙酸乙烯酯的平均含量至少约18%（重量），最佳值约为20%（重量）。而且，在一个优选结构方案中，该薄膜具有三层。这三层包括一个聚乙烯层，其在每个侧边上带有乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层。该聚乙烯层用作一个隔离层和提供薄膜的强度。
该薄膜具有的厚度约为125至500微米，并最好约为200至300微米。隔离聚乙烯层具有厚度约为25至100微米，最好约40至75微米。该密封用乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层具有的厚度约50至200微米，并最好约75至150微米。该乙烯乙酸乙烯酯层不需要有相同的厚度。然而，在许多情况下，将采用相同的厚度。
该薄膜应该具有一个氧气穿透性，至少约为600cm3/m2/日/巴，并最好至少约为1000cm3/m2/日/巴。这一点在包装释放氧气时产品例如漂白剂的包装中是特别重要的，因为释放的氧气必须去除以防止包装袋的破裂。还有一个因素是该薄膜具有一种芳香剂的穿透性。因为人们希望，家庭用品中的芳香剂在包装的外边就可被发觉。考虑到这一点，该薄膜应该能够在90天期间中允许约1至25%（重量）的芳香剂透过，并最好约为3～15%（重量）。然而，因为产品中的芳香剂在产品使用时有增强作用，所以大部分芳香剂应该保存在产品中，而不是通过薄膜渗透掉。
此外，为了实现良好的RF密封，该薄膜应该是出厂以后的约2至24周内的产品，并最好约4至20周以内的产品。在这一期限内的产品将使薄膜可形成最大的RF密封性。已经发现，薄膜在出厂以后的一定期限内，可以制造最佳强度的RF密封。考虑到这一点，软包装袋和其他容器应该在此期限内制造。
这种可以使薄膜最迅速密封的时间期限将很大程度上取决于附加到薄膜上的滑爽剂量。在本薄膜上的滑爽剂的数量范围约为薄膜树脂的百万分之500至3000（ppm）。这种滑爽剂通常是蜡，且最好是一种酰胺蜡。还有，薄膜上的滚动拉力（卷轴上的薄膜拉力）将影响滑爽剂对薄膜外表面的移动。而这种滑爽剂对薄膜外表面的移动就导致不良的RF密封。当薄膜以较高的拉力绕到一个卷轴上时，就较少存在滑爽剂对薄膜表面的移动。亦即，很大程度上该滑爽剂与薄膜同步。然而，当不同程度操作时，例如印刷和切口，该薄膜处于不卷绕时，滑爽剂利变得移动自由了。
一种薄膜将具有一个使用RF密封技术的时间期限，它主要取决于薄膜上滑爽剂的含量和处于最初卷绕张紧状态的时间（T1）和为实施一种或多种操作例如印刷而展开（不卷绕）后的时间（T2）。由于薄膜在最初卷绕张紧状态的稳定时间（T1将是相当长的，那么时间T2将少于T1，因为在T2期间，滑爽剂相对薄膜会有一个较大的移动。这个应用时间期限（T1+T2）可为约2至24周，同时T2至少约2至6周。对于任何特殊薄膜的应用（时间）期限都只能道过在一定期限里的薄膜试验来确定。
该RF密封通常使用频率约为10到50兆赫的射频，并最好为13.56兆赫，27.12兆赫或40.68兆赫。这三个频率中最佳者是27.12兆赫。使用足够的能量时可使乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层很快地软化以致于这些薄膜层可以很快地热合起来以形成密封。
这种薄膜包装也可以预先制成，然后灌装或者也可以在一个连续操作线中制造和灌装。这后者是公知的制造/灌装技术。
漂白剂是一种次氯酸钠水溶液。出售时被稀释成约含5至12%（重量）的次氯酸钠。而剩余物主要是水，但也可以包含添加剂例如防腐剂，表面活性剂和香料。这种包装漂白剂的薄膜软袋容量从100CC至500CC。一个通常用的容量是250CC。而且最好是薄膜软袋在上端部有一个出口，且该出口如一个鸟嘴形。这样一种出口可使消费者容易安全地应用漂白剂或其他所包装的家庭用产品。在图 1中表示了此类型时一个适当包装容器。在这一实施例中，10表示为一个薄膜包装袋，其具有一个纵向位于后侧边11上的RF密封部口，该底部边缘有一个RF密封部分13和顶部边缘有一个RF密封部14。这个薄膜包装袋有一个出口15，它被设置在包装袋内。密封部16将软包装袋的出口区域密封。该出口类似一个鸟咀。这是一个优选的包装容器。这些设计构思可以结合到另外的包装容器中。
前面只描述了本发明的一个优选实施例。为此根据特殊的目的可以进行各种修改和变型。然而，这些修改和变型都只构成本发明的一个具体实施方案。

Claims (20)

1、一个用于制作包装物品的软包装袋的薄膜材料，包括三个相邻的薄膜层，其中，有一个内部隔离层和两个外部密封层。其特征是，隔离层是厚度为25-100微米的聚烯烃，密封层为厚度为50-200微米且重量上有乙酸乙烯酯的平均含量在18%以上的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物层，所述的相邻薄膜层有百万分之500-3000的滑爽剂含量，对芳香物质至少具有部分透过性，氧气透过性至少为600cm3/m2/日/巴或更多，该复合的相邻的薄膜层从其制成开始，使用期限为2-24周，在这个期限内，所述滑爽剂对所述复合薄膜层的外表面还没有明显移动，且所述滑爽剂层可用射频热合进行热合，以生成软包装袋。
2、如权利要求1的一种制作软包装袋的薄膜材料，其中，所述的隔离层是一种聚烯烃，而密封层是乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯。
3、如权利要求2的一种制作软包装袋的薄膜材料，其中，所述的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层至少含有乙酸乙烯酯约18%（重量平均值）。
4、如权利要求1的一种制作软包装袋的薄膜材料，其中，所述隔离层具有的厚度约25至100微米，所述密封层具有的厚度约为50至200微米。
5、如权利要求1的一种制作软包装袋的薄膜材料，其中，所述的多层薄膜是处于约4至20周使用期限内的产品。
6、如权利要求1的一种制作软包装袋的薄膜材料，其中，所述的多层薄膜的使用期限是取决于薄膜上滑爽剂的含量。
7、一个包装物质的软包装袋，包括一张被密封用以形成闭合空间的薄膜材料，该软包装袋是由三层相邻的薄膜层组成的，其中有一个内部隔离层和两个外部密封层。其特征是，隔离层是厚度为25-100微米的聚烯烃，密封层是厚度为50-200微米且重量上有18%以上的平均乙酸乙烯酯含量的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物层，所述相邻的薄膜层有百万分之500-3000的滑爽剂含量，对芳香物质有部分透过性，氧气的透过性至少在600cm3/m2/日/巴或更多，该复合的相邻薄膜层从其制成开始，使用期限为2-24周，在这个期限内，所述滑爽剂对所述复合薄膜层的外表面还没有明显移动，且所述滑爽剂层可用射频热合技术进行热合，以生成软包装袋。
8、如权利要求7的软包装袋，其中，所述隔离层是聚烯烃，而密封层是乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯。
9、如权利要求8的软包装袋，其中，所述乙烯-乙酸乙烯脂层至少含有约18%的乙酸乙烯酯（按重量平均值）。
10、如权利要求7的软包装袋，其中，所述隔离层具有的厚度约为25至100微米，而密封层具有的厚度约为50至200微米。
11、如权利要求7的软包装，其中，所述的薄膜是处于约4至20周使用期限的产品。
12、如权利要求7的软包装袋，其中，所述多层薄膜的使用期限取决于薄膜上的滑爽剂含量。
13、如权利要求7的软包装袋，其中，袋的上端部有一个出口。
14、一个制作软包装袋的方法包括，把密封层薄膜粘合到隔离层的每一侧，构成一个三层薄膜合成物。其特征是，所述隔离层薄膜是厚度为25-100微米的聚烯烃，密封层薄膜是厚度为50-200微米且重量上有18%以上的乙酸乙烯酯平均含量的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，所述薄膜层有百万分之500-3000的滑爽剂含量，氧气透过在600cm3/m2/日/巴或更多，并且对芳香物质至少有部分透过性，需在2-24周内制成所述薄膜合成物，通过使用RF能将所述软包装袋的边缘重叠密封以使所述薄膜合成物制成一个软包装袋。
15、如权利要求14的方法，其中，所述隔离层是聚烯烃和所述密封层是乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯。
16、如权利要求14的方法，其中，所述的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯层至少含约18%乙酸乙烯酯（按重量平均值）。
17、如权利要求14的方法，其中，所述的隔离层具有的厚度约25至100微米，而密封层具有的厚度约为50至200微米。
18、如权利要求14的方法，其中，所述的多层薄膜是处于约4至约20使用周期限的产品。
19、如权利要求14的方法，其中，所述的多层薄膜的使用期限取决于薄膜上的滑爽剂含量。
20、如权利要求14的方法，其中，在所述软袋的一部分上制有一个出口。
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