CN102458591B

CN102458591B - Golf assembly and golf club with aerodynamic features consisting of a certain shape of the club head

Info

Publication number: CN102458591B
Application number: CN201080030251.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 加里·G·泰瓦瑞斯; 罗伯特·波伊; 约翰·托马斯·斯蒂茨
Original assignee: Nike Innovation LP
Current assignee: Nike Innovation LP
Priority date: 2009-05-13
Filing date: 2010-05-13
Publication date: 2014-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-13
Also published as: WO2010132689A1; JP2012526634A; JP5404921B2; CN102458591A; EP2429667B1; EP2429667A1

Abstract

A golf club head includes a body member having a ball striking face (17), a crown (18), a toe (20), a heel (24), a sole (28), a back (22) and a hosel region (26), located at the intersection of the ball striking face, the heel, the crown and the sole. The body member may have a first cross-section having a first airfoil-shaped surface in the heel. The first cross-section may be oriented at approximately 90 degrees from the centerline of the club head (XXIX). The body member may have a second cross-section having a second airfoil-shaped surface. The second cross-section may be oriented at approximately 45 (XXXI) degrees or at approximately 70 (XXX) degrees. The airfoil-shaped surfaces may be defined by spline points or by equations. A golf club including the golf club head is also provided.

Description

There is golf clubs and the golf clubs assembly of aerodynamic feature

Related application

Present patent application be submit on May 13rd, 2009, autograph for " Golf Club Assembly and Golf Club With Aerodynamic Features " (thering is golf clubs assembly and the golf clubs of aerodynamic feature) and inventor's name be the part continuation application of the people's such as Gary Tavares No. 12/465th, 164, U.S. Patent application.In addition, that the application requires is that on January 27th, 2010 submits to, autograph for " Golf Club Assembly and Golf Club With Aerodynamic Features " (thering is golf clubs assembly and the golf clubs of aerodynamic feature) and inventor's name be the benefit of priority of the people's such as Gary Tavares No. 61/298th, 742, provisional application.Each application that these are formerly submitted to is incorporated to herein in its full text mode by reference.

Field

Aspect of the present invention relates generally to golf clubs and golf club head, and relates to especially golf clubs and the golf club head with improved aerodynamic feature.

Background

In the time clashing into by golf clubs, the distance major part of golf operation speed of club head when clashing into golf determines.The drag effects that the speed of club head is provided by wind resistance during whole swinging or club head then can, particularly supposes the large club head size of bat.Especially, the club head of bat or fairway wood produces very large aerodynamic drag during it swings path.The resistance being produced by club head causes club head speed to reduce, thereby and causes the reducing by its range ability after impacting at golf.

Air is to flow through those surfaces of the golf club head that is in substantially parallel relationship to airflow direction with respect to the direction of golf club head track.The key factor that affects resistance is the performance of flow boundary layer air." boundary layer " is the thin layer of air that is in close proximity to club head surface between its moving period.In the time of air motion process surface, meet with the pressure increasing.The increase of this pressure is called " buffer brake gradient ", because it causes air-flow to slow down and loses momentum.Along with pressure continues to increase, air-flow continues to slow down until it reaches zero velocity, and now it separates from surface.Air-flow by the surface near club head until in flow boundary layer air the loss of momentum cause it to separate from surface.Air-flow from surface be separated in club head produce below low pressure separated region (flowing through the trailing edge of direction definition of club head with respect to air).This low pressure separated region has produced pressure drag (pressure drag).Separated region is larger, and pressure drag is larger.

A kind of approach reducing or minimize low pressure separated region size is to allow laminar flow to keep long as far as possible streamline form by providing, thereby delay or elimination laminar airflow are from the separation of club face.

Not only in the time clashing into but also before clashing into during whole process down swing, the resistance that reduces club head will cause the raising of club head speed and the increase of golf range ability.In the time analyzing the swinging of golfer, have been noted that heel/hosel region of club head guide and swings during pith down swing, and striking surface only in the time clashing into golf (or at once) guide and swing.Phrase " guiding swings (leading the swing) " is intended to describe the part in the face of the course bearing that swings of club head.For the object of discussing, in the time that striking surface guiding swings,, in the time clashing into, golf clubs and golf club head are thought the orientation in 0 °.Have been noted that during down swing, before clashing into golf, during down swing 90 °, golf clubs can be around the longitudinal axis half-twist left and right of its shaft or more.

During these last 90 ° of parts down swing, club head can accelerate to about 65 mph.s (mph) to exceeding 100mph, and under some professional golfers' situation, accelerates to up to 140mph.In addition, along with the increase of club head speed, the resistance typically acting on club head also increases.Thereby, during these last 90 ° of parts down swing, along with club head is with speed operation more than 100mph, act on any further acceleration that resistance on club head can stop club head significantly.

During the club head that has been designed in the time clashing into or reduce bar head resistance in the time that face guiding swings may not can be done other stages in order to the cycle of swinging well, such as reducing resistance down swing time when heel/hosel regional guidance of club head.

Expection is provided and reduces or overcome some or all difficult golf club heads intrinsic in existing known device.For those skilled in the art, have and enrich one's knowledge or the people of rich experiences in this technical field, in view of the detailed description of following discloses content of the present invention and some embodiments, special advantage will be obvious.

General introduction

The application openly has the golf club head of improved aerodynamic performance.According to some aspects, golf club head can comprise main element, main element has striking surface, top, toe (toe), heel, bottom, rear portion and hosel region, and hosel region is positioned at the intersection of striking surface, heel, top and bottom.Can on main element, configure drag reduction structure, with when from finishing to Back swing until with the shock of golf, and selectively, run through down swing at least last 90 ° until and with golf clash at least a portion golf before at once down swing during, reduce the resistance for club head.

According to some aspects, there is 400cc or larger volume and .90 or larger club width-face Length Ratio for the golf club head of bat (driver), this golf club head comprise there is top, the main element of bottom and heel.Leading edge (leading edge) can be included on heel, and what leading edge was defined as heel has the surface of vertical slope (vertical slope) during in 60 position, degree bar base angle (lie angle) when club head.Main element also can have the first cross section, and wherein the first cross section has the summit in the leading edge of being positioned at, the first top side surface of extending from summit and the first bottom side surface of extending from summit.The first cross section can be perpendicular to the center line orientation of club head.Summit can represent an x ₁and z ₁the initial point of coordinate system, an x ₁and z ₁coordinate system is oriented in the plane in the first cross section with the roll angle (roll angle) of about 15 °.The first top side surface can be defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm)	0	6	12	24	36	48
							z _1UCoordinate (mm)	0	11	16	22	25	26

According to some aspects, the first bottom side surface can be defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm)	0	6	12	24	36	48
							z _1LCoordinate (mm)	0	-14	-19	-25	-29	-32

[0019]according to other aspects, main element also can have the second cross section, and wherein the second cross section comprises the summit being positioned in leading edge, the second top side surface of extending from summit and the second bottom side surface of extending from summit.The second cross section can become with the center line of club head about 70 ° of orientations.Summit also can represent the 2nd x ₂and z ₂the initial point of coordinate system, the 2nd x ₂and z ₂coordinate system is oriented in the plane in the second cross section with the roll angle of about 15 °.The second top side surface can be defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm)	0	6	12	24	36	48
							z _2UCoordinate (mm)	0	11	16	21	24	25

The second bottom side surface can be defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm)	0	6	12	24	36	48
							z _2LCoordinate (mm)	0	-13	-18	-24	-28	-30

Also, according to other aspects, main element can be configured to and is attached to the shaft with longitudinal axis, and summit can be positioned at from the about 15mm of longitudinal axis of shaft to about 25mm.Selectively, summit can be positioned at the about 20mm of longitudinal axis from shaft.

According to some aspects, club head can have the volume that is more than or equal to 420cc.Club head can have the face height that is more than or equal to 53mm.In addition, club width-face Length Ratio is .92 or larger.

According to some aspects, main element also can comprise the groove that extends and extend along back length at least partly along toe length at least partly.Groove can be bank back of the body feature (Kammback feature).

Also, according to other aspects, main element even also can comprise diffuser, and it is upper and with the angle orientation of about 10 ° to about 80 ° of the center line from club head that diffuser is positioned at bottom.Selectively, diffuser can be from the angle orientation of about 50 ° to about 70 ° of the center line of club head.

According to some aspects, golf club head can comprise the first cross section perpendicular to the center line orientation of club head, and the x of the first top side surface curve in the first cross section ₁coordinate and z ₁coordinate can define by following B é zier (Bezier) equation:

x _1U＝3(17)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1U＝3(10)(1-t) ²t+3(26)(1-t)t ²+(26)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

According to other aspects, the x of the first bottom side surface curve in the first cross section ₁coordinate and z ₁coordinate can define by following B é zier equation:

x _1L＝3(11)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1L＝3(-10)(1-t) ²t+3(-26)(1-t)t ²+(-32)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Golf club head also can comprise the second cross section, and wherein the second cross section becomes about 70 ° of orientations with the center line of club head.The x of the second top side surface curve in the second cross section _2Ucoordinate and z _2Ucoordinate can define by following B é zier equation:

x _2U＝3(19)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _2U＝3(10)(1-t) ²t+3(25)(1-t)t ²+(25)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

In addition, the x of the second bottom side surface curve in the second cross section _1Lcoordinate and z _1Lcoordinate can define by following B é zier equation:

x _2L＝3(13)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _2L＝3(-10)(1-t) ²t+3(-26)(1-t)t ²+(-30)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Also, according to other aspects, main element can have become about 90 ° of first directed cross sections with the center line of club head and become about 45 ° of second directed cross sections with the center line of club head.The each summit and the each bottom side surface separately surperficial and that extend from summit of top side separately having from summit extension that are positioned on heel of comprising in the first cross section and the second cross section.The first cross section can have the first aerofoil shape surface and first concave surface relative with the first aerofoil shape surface in heel.The second cross section can have the second aerofoil shape surface and second concave surface relative with the second aerofoil shape surface in heel.

The first concave surface and the second concave surface can be by forming along toe length and at least part of continuous groove extending along back length at least partly.

According to some aspects, also provide the golf clubs that comprises disclosed golf club head.

Wherein disclosed these and other feature and advantage by from following to being further understood the detailed disclosure of some embodiments.

Accompanying drawing summary

Figure 1A is the perspective view with the golf clubs that is formed on the groove in its club head according to demonstrating property aspect.

Figure 1B is the detail drawing that is provided with Figure 1A club head of orientated axis.

Fig. 2 is the side perspective view of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 3 is the rearview of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 4 is the heel lateral from club head, the side view of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 5 is the plane of the bottom of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 6 is the end perspective view of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 7 is the toe side from club head, the side view of the embodiment selected of the club head of Figure 1A golf clubs.

Fig. 8 is the rearview of Fig. 7 club head.

Fig. 9 is the heel lateral from club head, the side view of Fig. 7 club head.

Figure 10 is the end perspective view of Fig. 7 club head.

Figure 11 be typical golfer signal down swing, in time pass front view.

Figure 12 A is the top view that demonstrates the club head of driftage; Figure 12 B is the heel lateral front view that demonstrates the club head of inclination; And Figure 12 C is the front view that demonstrates the club head of rolling.

Figure 13 be typical down swing during as the chart of typical yaw angle (yaw angle), inclination angle (pitch angle) and the roll angle of the function of club head position.

Figure 14 A-14C schematically demonstrates respectively club head 14 (top view and front view) and in A, the B of Figure 11, the typical orientation that C point flows through the air stream of club head.

Figure 15 is according to the top view of the club head of some demonstrating property aspects.

Figure 16 is the front view of Figure 15 club head.

Figure 17 is the toe side front view of Figure 15 club head.

Figure 18 is the rear portion side front view of Figure 15 club head.

Figure 19 is the heel lateral front view of Figure 15 club head.

Figure 20 A is the end perspective view of Figure 15 club head.

Figure 20 B is that the club head that is similar to Figure 15 club head can be selected the end perspective view of embodiment, but there is no diffuser.

Figure 21 is according to the top view of the club head of other demonstrating property aspects.

Figure 22 is the front view of Figure 21 club head.

Figure 23 is the toe side front view of Figure 21 club head.

Figure 24 is the rear portion side front view of Figure 21 club head.

Figure 25 is the heel lateral front view of Figure 21 club head.

Figure 26 A is the end perspective view of Figure 21 club head.

Figure 26 B is that the club head that is similar to Figure 21 club head can be selected the end perspective view of embodiment, but there is no diffuser.

Figure 27 is the top view of Fig. 1-6 club head that there is no diffuser in 60 positions, degree bar base angle, shows by putting 112 cross sections that carry out and cuts off.

Figure 28 is the front view of Figure 27 club head in 60 positions, degree bar base angle.

Figure 29 A and 29B are that the cross section being undertaken by the line XXIX-XXIX of Figure 27 cuts off.

Figure 30 A and 30B are that the cross section being undertaken by the line XXX-XXX of Figure 27 cuts off.

Figure 31 A and 31B are that the cross section being undertaken by the line XXXI-XXXI of Figure 27 cuts off.

Figure 32 A and 32B are the schematic diagrames that demonstrates the club head of some other physical parameters.(top view and front view).

Above-mentioned accompanying drawing need not be drawn in proportion, is construed as the explanation that specific implementations of the present invention is provided, and is demonstrating of conceptual and contained principle in essence.Some features of golf club head shown in accompanying drawing with respect to other amplification or distortion with contribute to explain and understand.The same tag numeral using in accompanying drawing is selected similar or identical member and the feature shown in embodiment for various.Wherein disclosed golf club head will have structure and the member of part by the environment decision of the application of expecting and its use.

Describe in detail

In Figure 1A, show the demonstrating property embodiment of golf clubs 10, and comprise shaft 12 and the golf club head 14 that is attached to shaft 12.As shown in Figure 1A, golf club head 14 can be bat.The shaft 12 of golf clubs 10 can be made up of various materials, and for example steel, aluminium, titanium, graphite or composite, and alloy and/or its combination, comprise the material that this area is conventionally known and use.In addition, shaft 12 can any needs mode be attached to club head 14, with usual manner known in the art and that use (for example comprise, by the adhesive at hosel element place or binding agent, for example, by fusion technology (, welding, soldering, soft soldering etc.), by screw thread or other mechanical fasteners (comprising releasable and adjustable mechanism), pass through frictional fit, pass through holding element structure etc.).Handle or other handle components 12a can be positioned on shaft 12, so that the non skid matting that promptly golf ball bar body 12 is utilized to be provided to golfer.The mode that handle element 12a can anyly want is attached to shaft 12, comprise usual manner known in the art and that use (for example, by adhesive or binding agent, by screw thread or other mechanical fasteners (comprising releasable connector), by fusion technology, by frictional fit, pass through holding element structure etc.).

In the example structure of Figure 1A, club head 14 comprises main element 15, and shaft 12 is attached to main element 15 with known form in the hosel for holding shaft 12 or socket 16 places.Main element 15 comprises as multiple parts, region or the surface of wherein definition.The main element 15 of this example comprises striking surface 17, top 18, toe 20, back 22, heel 24, hosel region 26 and bottom 28.The relative striking surface 17 in back 22 is located, and extends between top 18 and bottom 28, and also between toe 20 and heel 24, extends.The main element 15 of this concrete example also comprises edge (skirt) or bank back of the body feature 23 and is formed on recess or the diffuser 36 in bottom 28.

With reference to Figure 1B, striking surface region 17 can be smooth in fact or have slight bending or region or the surface of arc (being also known as " projection ").Although golf can contact striking surface 17 in arbitrfary point on the whole, striking surface 17 is typically interior placed in the middle about striking surface 17 greatly with the expectation contact point 17a of golf.For object of the present disclosure, at the contact point 17a place of expecting and the tangent and line L of picture in the surface of the scope of attack 17 _tdefine the direction that is parallel to striking surface 17.On the surface of the contact point 17a place of expecting and the scope of attack 17, line family tangent and that draw has defined scope of attack plane 17b.Line L _pdefine the direction perpendicular to scope of attack plane 17b.In addition, striking surface 17 can be typically provided with loft α, so that (and can also be in the position that addresses (address position) at rum point place, starting to before Back swing, in the time that club head next-door neighbour golf is located on the ground) batting plane 17b is not orthogonal to ground.Conventionally when, loft α is intended to clash into, affect the initially track upwards of golf.Rotation is perpendicular to the drawn line L of batting plane 17b _pdefine the line T along the club head track orientation of expecting in the time clashing into by negative loft α ₀.Conventionally club head course bearing T when, this clashes into ₀perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of club shaft 12.

Still with reference to Figure 1B, now can use one group of reference axis (X to club head 14 ₀, Y ₀, Z ₀), reference axis (X ₀, Y ₀, Z ₀) to be positioned at the position, bar base angle of 60 degree and club head that face angle is zero degree relevant (for example, referring to, the USGA rule of golf, annex II and can also be referring to Figure 28).Y ₀axle from expect contact point 17a along clash into time club head trajectory with T ₀the relative direction of direction is extended.X ₀axle extends to toe 20 substantially from the contact point 17a expecting, and perpendicular to Y ₀axle and be parallel to the horizontal plane with the club in 60 positions, degree bar base angle.Thereby when being parallel to ground when drawn, line L _twith X ₀axle overlaps.Z ₀axle from the contact point 17a that expects substantially straight up and perpendicular to X ₀axle and Y ₀both extend axle.Disclosed object for this reason, " center line " of club head 14 thought and Y ₀axle overlaps (also with T ₀line overlaps).The term " backward " wherein using is often referred to the club head course bearing T when clashing into ₀relative direction, at Y ₀the positive direction of axle.

Referring now to Fig. 1-6, extend towards the back 22 of golf club head 14 backward from striking surface 17 at the top 18 being positioned on club head 14 upsides.When from beneath club head 14, along Z ₀the positive direction of axle, can not see top 18.

Relatively with top 18 be positioned at the downside of club head 14 or the bottom of bottom side 28 extends rearward to back 22 from striking surface 17.The same with top 18, bottom 28 extends through the width of club head 14 from heel 24 to toe 20.In the time observing club head 14 from top, along Z ₀the negative direction of axle, can not see bottom 28.

With reference to Fig. 3 and 4, locate with respect to striking surface 17 at back 22, between 22 top 18, back and bottom 28 and from heel 24, extends to toe 20.When from forward observation club head 14, along Y ₀the positive direction of axle, can not see back 22.In the structure of some golf club heads, back 22 can be provided with edge or bank back of the body feature 23.

Heel 24 extends to back 22 from striking surface 17.In the time observing club head 14 from toe side, along X ₀the positive direction of axle, can not see heel 24.In the structure of some golf club heads, heel 24 can be provided with the part at edge or bank back of the body feature 23 or edge or a part for bank back of the body feature 23.

Shown in toe 20 for to extend to back 22 from striking surface 17 on the side of the club head relative with heel 24 14.In the time observing club head 14 from heel lateral, along X ₀the negative direction of axle, can not see toe 20.In the structure of some golf club heads, toe 20 can be provided with the part at edge or bank back of the body feature 23 or edge or a part for bank back of the body feature 23.

Be positioned in hosel region 26 for the socket 16 that holds shaft.Shown in hosel region 26 be positioned at the intersection of striking surface 17, heel 24, top 18 and bottom 28, it can comprise those parts that the contiguous hosel 16 of heel 24, top 18 and bottom 28 is placed.Conventionally, hosel region 26 comprises provides the surface that is transitioned into striking surface 17, heel 24, top 18 and/or bottom 28 from socket 16.

Therefore should understand term: general areas or the part of striking surface 17, top 18, toe 20, back 22, heel 24, hosel region 26 and bottom 28 finger main elements 15.In some cases, region or part can overlap each other.In addition, the use that is appreciated that these terms in present disclosure can be different from alternative document the use of these or similar terms.Be appreciated that common term toe, heel, striking surface and back be intended to refer to four sides of golf clubs, address position and while directly observing from top, the peripheral outline of four sides composition main elements of golf clubs when golf clubs is positioned at.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1-6, main element 15 can be described as " square toes " conventionally.Although be not real square in geometric terminology, compared with traditional orange club head, the top 18 of square toes main element 15 and bottom 28 are substantially square.

Another embodiment of club head 14 is shown as the club head 54 in Fig. 7-10.Club head 54 has more traditional globular model.Will be clear that term " round end " does not refer to the head of complete circle, refer on the contrary and have substantially or the head of almost circular profile.

Figure 11 is the schematic elevational view of the motion-captured analysis down swing of golfer of at least a portion.As shown in figure 11, with the rum point place (I) of golf, striking surface 17 can be thought the traffic direction perpendicular to club head 14 substantially.(in fact, striking surface 17 provides conventionally from the inclination of about 2 ° to 4 °, so that striking surface 17 departs from those amounts from upright position.) golfer to during Back swing, due to the rotation of golfer's buttocks, trunk, arm, wrist and/or hand, the striking surface 17 that originates in the position that addresses away from golfer to inner rotary (clockwise direction while observation from top for right hand golfer).During down swing, striking surface 17 rotates back into rum point position.

In fact,, with reference to Figure 11 and 12A-12C, during down swing, club head 14 experiences yaw angle (R _oT-Z) on change (seeing Figure 12 A) (in this, be defined as club head 14 around vertical Z _othe rotation of axle), inclination angle (R _oT-X) on change (seeing Figure 12 B) (in this, be defined as club head 14 around X _othe rotation of axle) and roll angle (R _oT-Y) on change (seeing Figure 12 C) (in this, be defined as club head 14 around Y _othe rotation of axle).

Yaw angle, inclination angle and roll angle can be used for providing club head 14 about the airflow direction orientation of (it is considered to the direction relative with the instantaneous track of club head).When shock, and in the position that addresses, yaw angle, inclination angle and roll angle can be thought 0 °.For example,, with reference to Figure 12 A, in the measurement yaw angle of 45 °, as along Z _oaxle is observed, the centre line L of club head 14 _owith airflow direction orientation at 45 °.As another example, with reference to Figure 12 B, in the inclination angle of 20 °, as along X _oaxle is observed, the centre line L of club head 14 _obecome 20 ° of orientations with airflow direction.And with reference to Figure 12 C, there is the roll angle of 20 °, as along Y _oaxle is observed, the X of club head 14 _oaxle becomes 20 ° of orientations with airflow direction.

Figure 13 be typical down swing during as the representative yaw angle (R of the function of club head 14 positions _oT-Z), inclination angle (R _oT-X) and roll angle (R _oT-Y) chart.By finding out with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 13, most down swing during, the striking surface 17 of golf club head 14 does not guide and swings.In golfer's beginning down swing, due to the driftage rotation of about 90 °, heel 24 can guide and swing in fact.Further, in golfer's beginning down swing, due to the rolling rotation of about 10 °, the bottom part of heel 24 guides and swings in fact.During down swing, the orientation of golf clubs and club head 14 changes to while clashing into the driftage of about 0 ° from the driftage of about 90 ° in the time down swing starting.

In addition, with reference to Figure 13, typically, yaw angle (R in process down swing _oT-Z) on change be inconstant.During Part I down swing, in the time that club head 14 is approximately positioned at shoulder height position from moving to of golfer below, the change in yaw angle typically is about 20 °.Thereby, in the time that club head 14 is about shoulder height, go off course as about 70 °.In the time that club head 14 is about waist height, yaw angle is about 60 °.During last 90 ° of parts down swing (from waist height when clashing into), golf clubs is located the yaw angle of 0 ° when conventionally the yaw angle of operation by about 60 ° is to shock.But, this part down swing during change in yaw angle normally inconstant, and in fact, golf club head 14 only in the number of degrees of last 10 ° down swing, the driftage of 0 ° while ending to clash into from the driftage of about 20 °.During the process of 90 ° of parts after down swing this, the yaw angle of 45 ° to 60 ° can be thought typically.

Similarly, still with reference to Figure 13, typically, roll angle (R in process down swing _oT-Y) on change be also inconstant.During Part I down swing, when club head 14 from golfer below move to the position that is approximately positioned at waist height time, roll angle is completely constant, for example, is about 7 ° to 13 °.But, change during the high down swing part when clashing into of about waist roll angle is normally inconstant, and in fact, when club head 14 is from about waist full swing during to about kneecap height, golf club head 14 typically has from the increase of about 10 ° to about 20 ° in roll angle, and then roll angle reduces, when clashing into 0 °.During waist down swing arrives the process of knee portions of leg regions, the roll angle of 15 ° can be thought typically.

The speed of golf club head also changes during down swing, 65 to 100mph (for the first-class golfers, or more) of the 0mph when down swing starting when clashing into.In the time of low speed,, during initial part down swing, it may not be very obvious resisting due to air the resistance producing.But, when club head 14 flush with golfer's waist and then swing until the part of rum point down swing during, club head 14 moves (for example, for professional golfer, from 60mph to 130mph) with sizable speed.During this part down swing, because air is resisted the resistance producing and caused golf club head 14 to clash into golf than the low speed of possible speed that there is no air when opposing.

Referring back to Figure 11, mark is along the typical multiple points (A, B and C) down swing of golfer.At A point, club head 14 is in the down swing angle of about 120 °, i.e. distance with the rum point of golf about 120 °.At this point, club head may move with about 70% of its maximal rate.Figure 14 A schematically demonstrates the typical orientation that club head 14 and air-flow are crossed club head 14 at A point.The yaw angle of club head 14 can be about 70 °, mean that heel 24 is no longer substantially perpendicular to the air that flows through club head 14, but heel 24 becomes about 20 ° of orientations with the vertical line of the air that flows through club head 14.Be also noted that, at this some place down swing, club head 14 can have the roll angle of about 7 ° to 10 °, and the heel 24 of club head 14 scrolls up 7 ° to 10 ° with respect to airflow direction.Thereby heel 24 (tilting to expose slightly bottom (bottom side) part of heel 24) swings with the heel lateral surface joint guiding in hosel region 26.

At the B point shown in Figure 11, club head 14 is in the down swing angle of about 100 °, apart from about 100 ° with the rum point of golf.At this point, club head 14 now may be with about 80% operation of its maximal rate.Figure 14 B schematically demonstrates club head 14 and flows through the typical orientation of the air stream of club head 14 at B point.The yaw angle of club head 14 can be about 60 °, means that heel 24 becomes about 30 ° of orientations with the vertical line of the air that flows through club head 14.In addition, at this some place down swing, club head 14 can have the roll angle of about 5 ° to 10 °.Thereby heel 24 tilts to expose bottom (bottom side) part of heel 24 again slightly.This part of heel 24 and the heel lateral surface joint in hosel region 26, and now also a little surface and guiding that is involving the face that the impacts side in hosel region 26 swing.In fact,, in the orientation of this yaw angle and roll angle, heel lateral surface provides surface the most forward (on course bearing) with the surperficial intersection of the face that the impacts side in hosel region 26.As visible, heel 24 is associated with leading edge with hosel region 26, and a part and/or its intersection of toe 20, back 22 contiguous toes 20 are associated with trailing edge (as defined by airflow direction).

At the C point shown in Figure 11, club head 14 is in the down swing position of about 70 °, apart from about 70 ° with the rum point of golf.At this point, club head 14 now may be with about 90% or more operation of its maximal rate.Figure 14 C schematically demonstrates club head 14 and flows through the typical orientation of the air stream of club head 14 at C point.The yaw angle of club head 14 is about 45 °, means that heel 24 is no longer substantially perpendicular to the air that flows through club head 14, but becomes about 45 ° of orientations with the vertical line of air stream.In addition, at this some place down swing, club head 14 can have the roll angle of about 20 °.Thereby, the heel lateral surface joint in heel 24 (heel 24 tilt about 20 ° to expose bottom (bottom side) parts of heel 24) and hosel region 26, and the surface and guiding that is involving even more the face that the impacts side in hosel region 26 swings.In the orientation of this yaw angle and roll angle, heel lateral surface provides surface the most forward (on course bearing) with the surperficial intersection of the face that the impacts side in hosel region 26.As visible, heel 24 is again associated with leading edge with hosel region 26, and close on toe 20 parts at back 22, back 22 parts and/or its intersection of contiguous toe 20 is associated with trailing edge (as defined by airflow direction).

Referring back to Figure 11 and 13, should understand whole down swing during set or the summation of resistance the whole works of resistance that stood by club head 14 are provided.Calculating run through swing during in the work of resistance percentage reduce than only calculate while clashing into percentage on resistance reduce can produce very different results.The following stated drag reduction structure provides variety of way to reduce drag overall, and not only reduces the resistance that shock point (I) is located.

The another embodiment of club head 14 is shown as club head 64 in Figure 15-20A.Club head 64 is " square toes " shape club normally.Club head 64 comprises batting surface 17, top 18, bottom 28, heel 24, toe 20, back 22 and hosel region 26.

Bank between top 18 and bottom 28 back of the body feature 23 extends to back 22 from toe 20 continuously to forward part (than back 22, closer to the region of striking surface 17), through back 22 to heel 24 and enter heel 24 to rear section.Thereby preferably as shown in Figure 17, bank back of the body feature 23 is extended along most length of toe 20.Preferably as shown in Figure 19, bank back of the body feature 23 is extended along the minority length of heel 24.In this specific implementations, bank back of the body feature 23 is recessed grooves of the depth capacity (D) within the scope of having the maximum height (H) within the scope of can being included in from about 10mm to about 20mm and can being included in from about 5mm to about 15mm.

As shown in Figure 20 A, one or more diffusers 36 can be formed in bottom 28.In Figure 20 B, be shown as in the replaceable embodiment of club head 14 of club head 74, bottom 28 can be formed as not having diffuser.

Referring back to Figure 16,18 and 19, in heel 24, from the tapering point of bank back of the body feature 23 to hosel region 26, can provide streamlined region 100, streamlined region 100 has the surface 25 that is substantially configured as aerofoil guiding surface.As open in more detail below, configurable this streamlined region 100 and aerofoil shape surface 25, with during golf clubs 10 stroke down swing along with air flows through club head 14, and realize aerodynamic advantage.Especially, the aerofoil shape surface 25 of heel 24 can smoothly and little by little be transitioned into top 18.In addition, the aerofoil shape surface 25 of heel 24 can smoothly and little by little be transitioned into bottom 28.Even further, the aerofoil shape surface 25 of heel 24 can smoothly and little by little be transitioned into hosel region 26.

The another embodiment of club head 14 is shown as club head 84 in Figure 21-26A.Club head 84 is " round end " shape club normally.Club head 84 comprises batting surface 17, top 18, bottom 28, heel 24, toe 20, back 22 and hosel region 26.

With reference to Figure 23-26, the groove 29 that is positioned at 18 outer most edge belows, top extends to back 22 from the partial continuous forward of toe 20, through back 22 to heel 24 and enter heel 24 to rear section.Thereby preferably as shown in Figure 23, groove 29 extends along most length of toe 20.Preferably as shown in Figure 25, groove 29 also extends along most length of heel 24.In this specific implementations, groove 29 is recessed grooves of the depth capacity (D) within the scope of having the maximum height (H) within the scope of can being included in from about 10mm to about 20mm and can being included in from about 5mm to about 10mm.In addition, preferably, as shown in Figure 26 A, bottom 28 comprises the shallow step 21 that is in substantially parallel relationship to groove 29.Step 21 is incorporated in the surface in hosel region 26 smoothly.

As shown in Figure 20 A and 26A, diffuser 36 can be formed in bottom 28.In these specific implementations, diffuser 36 extends from 28 regions, bottom in next-door neighbour hosel region 26, the intersection towards toe 20, back 22 and toe 20 with back 22.As being shown as in Figure 26 B in the replaceable embodiment of club head 14 of club head 94, bottom 28 can be formed as not having diffuser.

Below some examples of drag reduction structure can provide the whole bag of tricks in greater detail, while swinging substantially to guide when striking surface 17, in the time that air flows through club head 14 from striking surface 17 to back 22, keep the laminar airflow on one or more surfaces of crossing club head 14.In addition, below the drag reduction structure of some examples can provide the whole bag of tricks in greater detail, while swinging substantially to guide when heel 24,, in the time that air flows through club head 14 from heel 24 to toe 20, keep the laminar airflow on one or more surfaces of crossing club head 14.In addition, below the drag reduction structure of some examples can provide the whole bag of tricks in greater detail, while swinging substantially to guide when hosel region 26, in the time that air flows through club head 14 from hosel region 26 to toe 20 and/or back 22, keep the laminar airflow on one or more surfaces of crossing club head 14.Wherein the drag reduction structure of disclosed example can be incorporated in club head 14 alone or in combination, and can be used for any and all embodiments of club head 14.

According to some aspects, and reference example is as Fig. 3-6,8-10,15-31, and drag reduction structure can be provided as in (or contiguous and may comprise the part in hosel region 26) near hosel region 26 and be positioned at the streamlined region 100 on heel 24.This streamlined region 100 can be configured, with during stroke down swing in the time that air flows through club head 14, realize aerodynamic advantage.As above, about as described in Figure 11-14, at latter half down swing, wherein the speed of club head 14 is significant, and club head 14 is rotatable by the yaw angle from about 70 ° to 0 °.In addition, due to the non-linear nature of yaw angle rotation, in the time that club head 14 is directed between the yaw angle of about 70 ° to about 45 °, the structure that is designed to the heel 24 that reduces the resistance producing because of air-flow can be realized maximum advantage.

Therefore,, due to the rotation of yaw angle during down swing, it may be favourable that streamlined region 100 is provided in heel 24.For example, provide and there is streamlined region 100 level and smooth, aerodynamic shape guiding surface and can allow air to there is minimum confusion to flow through club head.This streamlined region 100 can be shaped with in the time that air flows to toe 20, flows to back 22 and/or flows to back 22 with toe 20 intersection from heel 24, minimizes the resistance to air-flow.Streamlined region 100 can be advantageously close to hosel region 26, and even may be positioned at overlappingly on heel 24 with hosel region 26.The streamlined region 100 of this heel 24 can form a part for club head 14 guiding surfaces during pith down swing.Streamlined region 100 can be extended along whole heel 24.Selectively, streamlined region 100 can have more restricted length.

With reference to Figure 27 and 28, according to some aspects, when club is in the time having 60 degree position, bar base angle of zero degree face angle, as longitudinal axis from shaft 12 measure or from the longitudinal axis of shaft 12 position crossing with ground " ground zero " point start measurement, at least can provide for example as the streamlined region 100 of being mentioned Fig. 3-6,8-10 and 15-31 along the length of heel 24 to about 70mm from about 15mm in the Y direction.In these embodiments, streamlined region 100 also can exceed the scope of enumerating and at random extend.Other embodiments for some, as started to measure from hypocentre, streamlined region 100 also can be arranged to length along heel 24 in the Y direction at least from about 15mm to about 50mm.For other embodiment, as started to measure from hypocentre, streamlined region 100 also can be arranged to length along heel 24 in the Y direction at least from about 15mm to about 30mm, or even at least from about 20mm to about 25mm.

Figure 27 shows cross section and cuts off.The cross section at line XXIX-XXIX place is presented in Figure 29 A and 29B.The cross section at line XXX-XXX place is presented in Figure 30 A and 30B.The cross section at line XXXI-XXXI place is presented in Figure 31 A and 31B.The cross section showing in Figure 29-31 is used for the special characteristic of the club head 14 that demonstrates Fig. 1-6, and also for schematically demonstrating the feature of club head embodiment shown in Fig. 7-10, Figure 15-20 and Figure 21-26.

According to some aspects and with reference to Figure 29 A and 29B, streamlined region 100 can be defined in heel 24 by cross section 110.Figure 29 A and 29B demonstrate the cross section 110 of the club head 14 of taking from the line XXIX-XXIX by Figure 27.Part cross section 110 is through bottom 28, top 18 and heel 24.In addition, at least a portion cross section 110 is positioned at streamlined region 100, thereby and as discussed above, the leader in cross section 110 can similar aerofoil.Cross section 110 is in perpendicular, to be parallel to X _oaxle (is distance Y _oaxle about 90 ° (in the scope of ± 5 °)) obtain, measure this perpendicular from hypocentre and be positioned at the about 20mm in Y-direction.In other words, cross section 110 is perpendicular to Y _oaxle orientation.This cross section 110 thereby the directed air that is used for are flowing through club head 14 from heel 24 to the direction of toe 20.

With reference to Figure 27,29A and 29B, leading edge 111 is positioned on heel 24.Leading edge 111 is extended from 26Xiang back, hosel region 22 substantially, and between top 18 and bottom 28.If air will be parallel to X _oaxle flows through club head 14 from heel 24 to toe 20, and leading edge 111 will be the Part I that will stand the heel 24 of air-flow.Conventionally,, at leading edge 111 places, the side slope on 110 surfaces, cross section is perpendicular to X _oaxle,, when club head 14 is during in 60 position, degree bar base angle, side slope is vertical.

Be positioned at summit 112 definables in the leading edge 111 of heel 24 at Y=20mm place (seeing Figure 27).In addition, the local coordinate system relevant with summit 112 to cross section 110 may be defined as: the x axle extending from summit 112 and z axle are with respectively and the X being associated with club head 14 _oaxle and Z _oaxle becomes 15 ° of angular orientations in the plane in cross section 110.This axis orientation that becomes 15 ° is corresponding to the roll angle of 15 °, and it is thought typically to (in the time that club head 14 approaches its maximal rate) in during knee portions of leg regions at waist down swing.

Thereby according to some aspects, the aerofoil shape surface 25 of streamlined region 100 can be described as " quasi-parabola ".As wherein used, term " quasi-parabola " refers to have any recessed curve of summit 112 and two arms, wherein two arms away from the same side on 112Bing summit, summit away from each other smoothly and little by little bending.First arm on aerofoil shape surface 25 can refer to do top side curve or upper curve 113.Another arm on aerofoil shape surface 25 can refer to do bottom side curve or lower curve 114.For example, quasi-parabola can be thought by hyp branch.In addition, as wherein used, quasi-parabola cross section is without symmetry.For example, an arm in quasi-parabola cross section can the most closely be represented by parabolic curve, and another arm can the most closely be represented by hyperbolic curve.As another example, summit 112 is without placed in the middle between two arms.In this case, term " summit " refers to the front point of accurate parabolic curve, and two curves 113,114 start bending away from each other point from it.In other words, with arm in the same direction horizontal-extending carry out directed " quasi-parabola " curve and there is maximum slope on summit 112, and along with the increase apart from summit 112 horizontal ranges, the absolute value of curve 113,114 slopes reduces gradually and continuously.

Figure 30 A and 30B demonstrate the cross section 120 of the club head 14 of taking from the line XXX-XXX by Figure 27.According to some aspects and with reference to Figure 30 A and 30B, streamlined region 100 can be defined in heel 24 by its cross section 120.As shown in figure 27, cross section 120 is taken from around summit 112 and is rotated, relatively Y _oaxle becomes the position at about 70 degree angles (in the scope of ± 5 °).Also thereby directedly flowing through club head 14 from heel 24 to the direction of toe 20 for air, but now compared with cross section 110 (with reference to Figure 14 A), airflow direction becomes more wide-angle towards toe 20 with the intersection at back 22 in this cross section 120.Be similar to cross section 110, cross section 120 comprises the top side curve that extends from summit 112 or upper curve 123 and bottom side curve or the lower curve 124 of also extending from summit.Shown in summit 112 be associated at Y=20mm place with the leading edge 112 of heel 24.

The x axle being associated with cross section 120 and z axle be the X to be associated with club head 14 respectively _oaxle and Z _oaxle becomes the angle of 15 ° to be oriented in the plane in cross section 120.Again, this cross-section over glaze is the roll angle corresponding to 15 ° with the orientation of 15 °, and it is thought typically to (in the time that club head 14 approaches its maximal rate) during the process of knee portions of leg regions at waist down swing.

Figure 31 A and 31B demonstrate the cross section 130 of the club head 14 of taking from the line XXXI-XXXI by Figure 27.According to some aspects and with reference to Figure 31 A and 31B, streamlined region 100 can be defined in heel 24 by its cross section 130.As discussed above, the cross section 130 of streamlined region 100 can be similar to the leading edge of aerofoil.As shown in figure 27, cross section 130 is taken from around summit 112 and is rotated, and becomes the position of about miter angle (in the scope of ± 5 °) with respect to Y-axis.This cross section 130 is gone back thereby is directed for the air (with reference to Figure 14 C) substantially to flow through club head 14 from heel 24 to the direction at back 22.Be similar to cross section 110 and 120, cross section 130 also comprises the top side curve that extends from summit 112 or upper curve 133 and bottom side curve or the lower curve 134 of also extending from summit.As start from hypocentre measure, shown in summit 112 be associated at Y=20mm place with the leading edge 111 of heel 24.

The x axle being associated with cross section 130 and z axle be the X to be associated with club head 14 respectively _oaxle and Z _oaxle becomes the angle of 15 ° to be oriented in the plane in cross section 130.Again, this cross-section over glaze is the roll angle corresponding to 15 ° with the orientation of 15 °, and it is thought typically to (in the time that club head 14 approaches its maximal rate) during the process of knee portions of leg regions at waist down swing.

With reference to Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A, a kind of method that those skilled in the art will recognize that characterization curve shape is by sampling point table is provided.For the object of these sampling point tables, summit 112 is defined in (0,0), and all coordinates of sampling point all define with respect to summit 112.Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A comprise x axial coordinate line, can be at the 12mm of x axial coordinate line, 24mm, 36mm, 48mm place definition sampling point.Although sampling point definable is at other x axial coordinate places of for example 3mm, 6mm and 18mm, be object clearly, these coordinate lines are not included in Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A.

As shown in Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A, z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 113,123,133; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 114,124,134.Upper curve is different from lower curve conventionally.In other words, cross section 110,120,130 may be asymmetric.As from observing Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A, in the time that cross section swings towards the back of club head, this is asymmetric, and the difference between upper curve and lower curve can become more obvious.Especially, to become the cross section upper curve that about an angle of 90 degrees is chosen for example, with lower curve (seeing Figure 29 A) may be than for example, with the cross section upper curve and the lower curve (seeing Figure 31 A) that become about miter angle to choose with respect to center line more symmetrical with respect to center line.In addition, refer again to Figure 29 A, 30A and 31A, for some example embodiment, in the time that cross section swings towards the back of club head, it is relatively constant that lower curve can keep, but upper curve may flatten.

With reference to Figure 29 B, 30B and 31B, the another kind of method that those skilled in the art will recognize that characterization curve is by making Curve Matching in one or more functions.For example, because upper curve as discussed above and lower curve is asymmetric, the upper curve in cross section 110,120,130 and lower curve can be the curves that uses the matching of polynomial function independence.Thereby, according to some aspects, second order or three rank multinomials, i.e. enough characterization curves of secondary or cubic function.

For example, quadratic function can define the summit of quadratic function, and the summit of this quadratic function is restricted to summit 112, i.e. (0,0) point.In other words, curve may need quadratic function to extend through summit 112.In addition, curve may need quadratic function on summit 112 perpendicular to x axle.

Another mathematical technique that can be used for curve comprises use Bézier curve, and it is the parameter curve that can be used for smoothed curve modeling.For example, Bézier curve conventionally in computer numerical control (CNC) (CNC) machine for controlling the processing of complicated smoothed curve.

Use Bézier curve, the parameter curve of below concluding can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section upper curve:

X _u=(1-t) ³pxu ₀+ 3 (1-t) ²tPxu ₁+ 3 (1-t) t ²pxu ₂+ t ³pxu ₃formula (1a)

Z _u=(1-t) ³pzu ₀+ 3 (1-t) ²tPzu ₁+ 3 (1-t) t ²pzu ₂+ t ³pzu ₃formula (1b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Pxu ₀, Pxu ₁, Pxu ₂and Pxu ₃the Bézier curve control point of the x coordinate for being associated with upper curve, and Pzu ₀, Pzu ₁, Pzu ₂and Pzu ₃it is the Bézier curve control point of the z coordinate for being associated with upper curve.

The B parameter é zier curve of below concluding similarly, can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section lower curve:

X _l=(1-t) ³pXL ₀+ 3 (1-t) ²tPXL ₁+ 3 (1-t) t ²pXL ₂+ t ³pXL ₃formula (2a)

Z _l=(1-t) ³pZL ₀+ 3 (1-t) ²tPZL ₁+ 3 (1-t) t ²pZL ₂+ t ³pZL ₃formula (2b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

PXL ₀, PXL ₁, PXL ₂and PXL ₃the Bézier curve control point of the x coordinate for being associated with lower curve, and PZL ₀, PZL ₁, PZL ₂and PZL ₃it is the Bézier curve control point of the z coordinate for being associated with lower curve.

Because curve is generally used for fitting data, a kind of method that obtains data can be to provide the curve of bound data.Thereby, for example, with reference to Figure 29 B, 30B and 31B, each in upper curve and the lower curve in cross section 110,120,130 can characteristic turns to and is positioned at by curve (115a, 115b), (116a, 116b), (125a, 125b), (126a, 126b), (135a, 135b), (136a, 136b) in the region of definition, curve is wherein to can for example representing nearly ± 10% variation on the z coordinate of curve 113,114,123,124,133 and 134 respectively, or even nearly 20% variation.

In addition, should notice that the cross section 110,120 and 130 showing in Figure 29-31 is the club heads 14 for diffuser 36 is not set on bottom 28.According to some aspects, diffuser 36 can be arranged on bottom 28, thus and the shape that will be different from shows in Figure 29-31 of the lower curve in cross section 110,120 and/or 130.Further, according to some aspects, each cross section 110,120 and 130 can comprise bank back of the body feature 23 at its trailing edge.

Referring back to Figure 27 and 28, should notice that (the seeing Figure 27) summit 112 being associated with the leading edge 111 of heel 24 at Y=20mm place is for assisting the description (seeing Figure 29-31) in cross section 110,120 and 130.But summit 112 is without being accurately positioned at Y=20mm place.Under situation more generally, according to some aspects, as from " ground zero " point measurement, summit 112 can be positioned in the Y direction from about 10mm to about 30mm.For some embodiments, as from " ground zero " point measurement, summit 112 can be positioned in the Y direction from about 15mm to about 25mm.The variation that increases or reduce millimeter at fixed position can be thought acceptable.According to some embodiments, summit 112 can be positioned in the leading edge 111 of heel 24 in the first half of club head 14.

According to some aspects and best as shown in Figure 20 B, the extensible width from heel 24 to toe 20 through club head 14 in bottom 28, has convex, bend gradual change, width (curvature) substantially.In addition, level and smooth and unbroken aerofoil shape surface 25 of heel 24 can continue and enters, and even exceedes the central area of bottom 28.The cardinal principle convex of bottom, the bend of width can extend through bottom 28 to toe 20 always.In other words, bottom 28 can be provided with the convex curvature portion of whole width from heel 24 to toe 20 through it.

In addition, the extensible length from striking surface 17 to back 22 through club head 14 in bottom 28, has convex substantially, level and smooth bend.This cardinal principle convex curvature portion can extend to back 22 from next-door neighbour's batting surface 17, instead of is transitioned into negative cruvature from positive camber.In other words, bottom 28 can be provided with the convex curvature portion of the whole length along it from striking surface 17 to back 22.

Selectively, according to some aspects, for example, as shown in Fig. 5,20A and 26A, recess or diffuser 36 can be formed in bottom 28.In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 5, recess or diffuser 36 are the cardinal principle V-type with the summit 38 of its shape, and locate close to striking surface 17 and heel 24 on summit 38., locate close to striking surface 17 and heel 24 and away from edge or bank back of the body feature 23 and toe 20 on summit 38.Recess or diffuser 36 comprise pair of leg 40, and pair of leg 40 extends to and approaches toe 20 point away from striking surface 17, and towards edge or bank back of the body feature 23 and away from striking surface 17 bendings.

Still, with reference to Fig. 5, multiple the second recesses 42 can be formed in the lower surface 43 of recess or diffuser 36.In illustrated embodiment, each the second recess 42 is the trapezoidal of rule, has its less base portion 44 that more approaches heel 24 and Qi Geng and approaches the larger base portion 46 of toe 20 and make less base portion 44 be connected to the oblique side 45 of larger base portion 46.In illustrated embodiment, from it, the maximum at less base portion 44 changes to the larger base portion 46 flushing with recess or diffuser 36 lower surface 43 to the degree of depth of each the second recess 42.

Thereby according to some aspects and preferably as Fig. 5,20A and 26A as shown in, diffuser 36 can be from next-door neighbour hosel region 26 towards toe 20, towards the intersection at toe 20 and back 22 and/or extend towards back 22.In the time that diffuser 36 extends away from hosel region 26, the cross sectional area of diffuser 36 can increase gradually.Be desirably in from hosel region 26 towards toe 20 and/or will reduce by the increase in diffuser 36 cross sectional areas towards any buffer brake gradient of setting up the mobile air-flow in back 22.Thereby expecting to flow through any transition of bottom 28 air from laminar flow regime to turbulent will be by sluggish or eliminate even completely.In some constructions, bottom 28 can comprise multiple diffusers.

Especially in the time that club head 14 rotates around yaw axis, one or more diffusers 36 are directed at least a portion and down swing during stroke, reduce resistance.The side of diffuser 36 can be straight or bending.In some constructions, diffuser 36 can be with distance Y _othe a certain angle orientation of axle, to spread air-flow (reducing buffer brake gradient) in the time that 24 guiding of hosel region 26 and/or heel swing.Diffuser 36 can be with in distance Y _oabout 10 ° of angle orientations to about 80 ° of scopes of axle.At random, diffuser 36 can be with apart from T _oabout 20 ° to about 70 ° of direction, or from about 30 ° to about 70 °, or from about 40 ° to about 70 °, or even from about 45 ° of angle orientations to about 65 ° of scopes.Thereby in some constructions, diffuser 36 can extend from hosel region 26 towards toe 20 and/or towards back 22.In other structures, diffuser 36 can be from heel 24 towards toe 20 and/or back 22 extend.

At random, as shown in Fig. 5,20A and 26, diffuser 36 can comprise one or more blades 32.Blade 32 can be located approximately between two parties between the side of diffuser 36.(not shown) in some constructions, diffuser 36 can comprise multiple blades.In other structures, diffuser 36 is without comprising any blade.Further, blade 32 can be substantially along the whole length of diffuser 36 or only part extend along the length of diffuser 36.

As shown in Fig. 1-4 and 6, according to a kind of embodiment, club head 14 can comprise " the bank back of the body " feature 23.Bank back of the body feature 23 can extend to from top 18 bottom 28.As shown in Fig. 3 and 6, bank back of the body feature 23 extends through back 22 from heel 24 to toe 20.In addition, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, extensible toe 22 and/or the heel 24 of entering of bank back of the body feature 23.

Conventionally, bank back of the body characteristic Design is for considering, can with aerodynamic shape main body grow very much, gradually taper, downstream (or afterwards) brings in the laminar flow that maintains and can not maintain by shorter, taper, downstream.When the tapering point in downstream too short and can not maintain laminar flow time, the cross sectional area of club head downstream be reduced to club head greatest cross-section about 50% after, the resistance producing due to turbulent flow may start to become important.This resistance can be reduced by cutting off or remove the too short taper downstream of club head instead of maintaining too short tapering point.The quite unexpected cut-out of this tapering point is called as bank back of the body feature 23 just.

As discussed above, during golfer's suitable major part down swing, heel 24 and/or 26 guiding of hosel region swing.During these parts down swing, toe 20, part toe 20, toe 20 and the intersection at back 22 and/or the part at back 22 form downstream or rear end (for example,, referring to Figure 27 and the 29-31) of club head 14.Thereby, during these parts down swing, when along toe, in the intersection at toe 20 and back 22 and/or while locating along the back 22 of club head 14, can expect that bank back of the body feature 23 reduces turbulent flow, and thereby reduce due to turbulent resistance.

In addition, before clashing into, during down swing last about 20 ° of golfer, swing along with striking surface 17 starts guiding with golf, back 22 beginnings of club head 14 are alignd with the downstream direction of air-flow.Thereby, in the time that locate at the back 22 along club head 14, expect that bank back of the body feature 23 reduces turbulent flow, thereby and reduce due to turbulent resistance, this is the most obvious during down swing last about 20 ° of golfer.

According to some aspects, bank back of the body feature 23 can comprise the continuous groove 29 forming around club head 14 part around.As shown in Fig. 2-4, groove 29 extends to the trailing edge 32 of toe 20 completely from the front portion 30 of toe 20, and continues to extend to rear portion 22.So groove 29 extends through the whole length at back 22.As shown in Figure 4, groove 29 tapers to heel 24 34Nei ends, rear portion.(see Fig. 2) in some embodiments, can turn to and continue along a part for bottom 28 at the groove 29 of toe 20 front portions 30.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2-4, groove 29 is substantially U-shaped.In some embodiments, groove 29 has the depth capacity (D) of about 15mm.But, should understand that groove 29 can have any degree of depth along its length, and further the degree of depth of groove 29 can vary along its length.Further, although will be clear that groove 29 can have arbitrarily height (H), may be best from 1/4 to 1/2 the height to overhead height bottom club head 14 maximum.As in Figure 2-4, the height of groove 29 can change in its length, or selectively, and the height of groove 29 is identical on part or all of its length.

In the time that air flows through the top 18 of club head 14 main elements 15 and bottom 28, it is easy to separate, and this causes the increase of resistance.Groove 29 can be used for reducing the trend of air separation, thereby reduces resistance and increase the aerodynamic property of club head 14, this then increase the speed of club head and impact rear ball by the distance of operation.It may be particularly advantageous that groove 29 is extended along toe 20, because as mentioned above, for the major part of golf club head 14 path that swings, the leader of club head 14 is that the trailing edge with club head 14 is the heel 24 of toe 20.Thereby, during major part swings path, realize the aerodynamics advantage being provided along toe 20 by groove 29.The part that groove 29 extends along back 22 can provide aerodynamic advantage in the time of the shock of club head 14 and ball.

Provided by groove 29 swing during the example that reduces of resistance demonstrate in following table.This shows computer hydrodynamics (CFD) model based on to 14 embodiments of club head as shown in Fig. 1-6.In table, design both for square toes designs and the square toes that are combined with groove 29 drag reduction structures, shown for the Resistance Value that runs through the different driftage number of degrees during golf.

Resistance

Driftage →	90°	70°	60°	45°	20°	0°
							Standard	0	3.04	3.68	8.81	8.60	8.32
W/ groove	0	1.27	1.30	3.25	3.39	4.01

From the result of computer model, can see in the time that yaw angle is the shock of 0 °, for the square club head with groove 29, resistance is about 48.2% (4.01/8.32) of square club head resistance.But, for square club head, during whole swinging drag overall make a concerted effort 544.39 drag overall merit (total drag work) is provided, and be 216.75 for the drag overall merit of the square club head with groove 29.About 39.8% (216.75/544.39) of the drag overall merit that is therefore, square club head for the drag overall merit of square club head with groove 29.Therefore, merge the resistance that the resistance ratios during whole swinging only calculates while shock and can produce very not identical result.

With reference to Fig. 7-10, form continuous groove 29 around club head 54 part around.As shown in Fig. 7-10, groove 29 extends to the trailing edge 32 of toe 20 completely from the front portion 30 of toe 20, and continues to extend to rear portion 22.So groove 29 extends through the whole length at rear portion 22.As shown in Figure 9, groove 29 tapers to heel 24 34Nei ends, rear portion.

One or more drag reduction structures, such as the streamlined part 100 of heel 24, diffuser 36 and/or the bank back of the body feature 23 of bottom 28 can be arranged on club head 14, with the end from user to Back swing by down swing to during user's golf of ball impact position, reduce the resistance on club head.Especially, can provide the streamlined part 100, diffuser 36 of heel 24 and bank back of the body feature 23 with mainly when the heel 24 of club head 14 and/or hosel region 26 guide while swinging substantially, reduce the resistance on club head 14.Bank back of the body feature 23, especially in the time being positioned at the back 22 of club head 14, also can being provided as when striking surface 17 guides substantially and reducing the resistance on club head 14 while swinging.

Different golf club design is introduced the different technical ability of match for player.For example, professional player may be chosen in by the power conversion that produces during swinging become to drive on very little Best Point golf energy aspect very effective club.On the contrary, amateurish competitor may select to be designed to tolerate club Best Point with respect to the club of not too perfectly placing that is impacted golf.For these different club characteristics are provided, club can be provided with there is any various weight, volume, the moment of inertia, position of centre of gravity, rigidity, face (being batting surface) highly, the club head of width and/or area etc.

The club head of typical modern bat can be provided with the volume from about 420cc to about 470cc scope.As shown therein, club head volume for as use USGA " for measuring the program of club head size of wooden shot bar " (on November 21st, 2003) to measure.For typical bat, club head weight can be in the scope from about 190 grams to about 220 grams.With reference to Figure 32 A and 32B, other physical characteristics of definable characterization typical case bat.For example, face area can be from about 3000mm ²to about 4800mm ²scope, face length degree (face length) can be in the scope from about 110mm to about 130mm, face height can be in the scope from about 48mm to about 62mm.Face area is defined as the area being defined by the internal tangent of radius, and the internal tangent of radius makes striking surface be mixed into other parts of the main element of golf club head.As shown in Figure 32 B, the corresponding point of face length degree from club head measured.Face height is defined as the distance of the mid point of (it is overlapping with striking surface and club top) from ground level to radius of measuring in face center (for the position at definite face center, see USGA, " for measuring the program of golf club head flexibility " Section 6.1, determining of impingement position), there is 60 of zero degree face angle as being positioned at when club and spend when bar base angle measured.The width of club head can be in the scope from about 105mm to about 125mm.At center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can be from about 2800g-cm ²to about 3200g-cm ²scope.At center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can be from about 4500g-cm ²to about 5500g-cm ²scope.For typical modern bat, at club head X _othe position of center of gravity in direction (as measured from hypocentre) can be positioned at the scope from about 25mm to about 33mm; At Y _oin direction, the position of center of gravity also can be positioned at the scope (also as from hypocentre measuring) from about 16mm to about 22mm; And at Z _oin direction, the position of center of gravity also can be positioned at the scope (also as from hypocentre measuring) from about 25mm to about 38mm.

For some characterized parameters of the club head of typical modern bat, above-mentioned value does not mean that restriction.Thereby for example,, for some embodiments, club head volume can exceed 470cc or club head weight can exceed 220g.For some embodiments, at center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can exceed 3200g-cm ².For example, at center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can reach 3400g-cm ², nearly 3600g-cm ², or even nearly or exceed 4000g-cm ².Similarly, for some embodiments, at center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can exceed 5500g-cm ².For example, at center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can reach 5700g-cm ², nearly 5800g-cm ², or even reach 6000g-cm ².

The design of any given golf clubs generally includes a series of compromise or compromises.The embodiment of following discloses has demonstrated some this trading off.

example embodiment (1)

In the first example, the representative embodiments of club head as shown in Fig. 1-6 is described.This first example club head is provided with the volume that is greater than about 400cc.With reference to Figure 32 A and 32B, can characterization other physical characteristic.Face height is in the scope from about 53mm to about 57mm.At center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is from about 2800g-cm ²to about 3300g-cm ²scope.At center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle can be greater than about 4800g-cm ².As the instruction of club shape ratio, the ratio of club width-face length degree is .94 or larger.

In addition, the club head of this first example embodiment can have the weight within the scope of from about 200g to about 210g.Referring again to Figure 32 A and 32B, face length degree can be positioned at the scope from about 114mm to about 118mm, and face area can be positioned at from about 3200mm ²to about 3800mm ²scope.Club head breadth can be positioned at the scope from about 112mm to about 114mm.X _othe position of upper center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 28mm to about 32mm; Y _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 17mm to about 21mm; And Z _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope (all measuring from hypocentre) from about 27mm to about 31mm.

For the club head of this example, Table I provides the sampling point coordinate for the upper curve 113 in cross section 110 and one group of nominal of lower curve 114.As discussed, in some cases, the sampling point coordinate of these nominals can change in ± 10% scope.

Table I is for the sampling point in example (1) cross section 110

Selectively, for the club head of this example, above-mentioned B é zier equation (1a) and (1b) can be used for x coordinate and the z coordinate of the upper curve 113 that obtains respectively cross section 110, as follows:

X _u=3 (17) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (113a)

Z _u=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (26) ²+ (26) t ³formula (113b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 113, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=17 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=10, Pzu ₂=26 and Pzu ₃=26.As discussed, in some cases, these z coordinates can change in ± 10% scope.

Similarly, for the club head of this example, B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for x coordinate and the z coordinate of the lower curve 114 that obtains respectively cross section 110, as follows:

X _l=3 (11) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (114a)

Z _l=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (26) ²+ (32) t ³formula (114b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 114, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=11 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-10, PZL ₂=-26 and PZL ₃=-32.In some cases, these z coordinates also can change in ± 10% scope.

From the checking of data and accompanying drawing, can see, top, top side curve 113 are different from bottom, bottom side curve 114.For example, from summit 112 along x axle 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 114 is greater than the z coordinate figure about 40% of upper curve 113.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve, and lower curve 114 starts to be deeper than upper curve 113.But from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 both go out other 15mm from x shaft extension along x axle _u=22-7=15mm and Δ z _l=25-10=15mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 are both stretched out respectively other 18mm and 19mm from x axle along x axle, difference is less than 10%.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, the curvature of upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 is approximately identical.

As above the curve 113 of discussing about Figure 29 A is the same with 114, referring now to Figure 30 A, for each curvilinear characteristic that can be presented by sampling point table of upper curve and the lower curve 123 and 124 of this first example club head.Table II provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (1) cross section 120.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 123; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 124.

Table II is for the sampling point in example (1) cross section 120

Selectively, for the club head of this example, the B é zier equation (1a) shown in above and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 120 upper curve 123, as follows:

X _u=3 (19) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (123a)

Z _u=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (25) ²+ (25) t ³formula (123b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby can see, for this specific curve 123, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=19 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=10, Pzu ₂=25 and Pzu ₃=25.

As above-mentioned, for the club head of this example, B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 120 lower curve 124, as follows:

X _l=3 (13) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (124a)

Z _l=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (26) ²+ (30) t ³formula (124b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 124, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=13 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-10, PZL ₂=-26 and PZL ₃=-30.

From the checking of data and accompanying drawing, can see, top, top side curve 123 are different from bottom, bottom side curve 124.For example, from summit 112 along x axle 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 124 is greater than the z coordinate figure about 30% of upper curve 123.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.But from 3mm to 18mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 123 and lower curve 124 both go out other 12mm from x shaft extension along x axle _u=19-7=12mm and Δ z _l=21-9=12mm).And from 3mm to 24mm, upper curve 123 and lower curve 124 are both stretched out respectively other 14mm and 15mm from x axle along x axle, difference is less than 10%.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, the curvature of upper curve 123 and lower curve 124 is approximately identical.

In addition, with surface 113 is the same with 114 as discussed above, the curvilinear characteristic that upper curve and lower curve 133 and 134 can be presented by sampling point table.Table III provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (1) cross section 130.The object of table for this reason, all coordinates of sampling point all define with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 133; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 134.

Table III is for the sampling point in example (1) cross section 130

Selectively, for the club head of this example, the B é zier equation (1a) shown in above and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 130 upper curve 133, as follows:

X _u=3 (25) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (133a)

Z _u=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (21) ²+ (18) t ³formula (133b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 133, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=25 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=10, Pzu ₂=21 and Pzu ₃=18.

As above-mentioned, for the club head of this example, B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 130 lower curve 134, as follows:

X _l=3 (12) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (134a)

Z _l=3 (10) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (22) ²+ (29) t ³formula (134b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 134, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=12 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-10, PZL ₂=-22 and PZL ₃=-29.

This example (1) embodiment has been shown in the data analysis in cross section 130, and from summit 112 along x axle 3mm, the z coordinate figure of bottom, bottom side curve 134 is greater than the z coordinate figure about 30% of top, top side curve 133.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 18mm, upper curve 133 and lower curve 134 are all stretched out respectively other 9mm and 12mm from x axle.In fact, along x axle, from 3mm to 12mm, upper curve 133 and lower curve 134 are all stretched out respectively other 6mm and 8mm from x axle, and difference is greater than 10%.In other words, the curvature of the upper curve 133 to this example (1) embodiment and lower curve 134 is different significantly in the scope of paying close attention to.And can see by observing Figure 31 A, upper curve 133 is than lower curve 134 more smooth (less agley).

In addition, when compared with the curve of the curve of cross section 110 (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 120 (becoming the cross section of 70 degree orientations with center line), can see that they are very similar.Especially, at 3mm, 6mm, 12mm and the 18mm place of x coordinate, the z coordinate figure of upper curve 113 is identical with the z coordinate figure of upper curve 123, and thereafter, the z coordinate figure of upper curve 113 and 123 departs from and is less than 10% each other.In scope at x coordinate from 0mm to 48mm, depart from each other 10% or less respectively about lower curve 114 and 124, the z coordinate figure in cross section 110 and 120, wherein lower curve 124 is slightly less than lower curve 114.When compared with the curve of the curve of cross section 110 (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 130 (becoming the cross section of 45 degree orientations with center line), can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the z coordinate figure of the lower curve 134 in cross section 130 is different from quite constant amount one 2mm or the 3mm of z coordinate figure one of the lower curve 114 in cross section 110.On the other hand, can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, poor the increasing between the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 133 in cross section 130 and the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 113 in cross section 110.In other words, the curvature of upper curve 133 obviously deviates from the curvature of upper curve 113, and wherein upper curve 133 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.This can also be by the curve 113 in comparison diagram 29A and the curve 133 in Figure 31 A and clear.

example embodiment (2)

In the second example, the representative embodiments of club head as shown in Fig. 7-10 is described.This second example club head is provided with the volume that is greater than about 400cc.Face height is positioned at the scope from about 56mm to about 60mm.At center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is positioned at from about 2600g-cm ²to about 3000g-cm ²scope.At center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is positioned at from about 4500g-cm ²to about 5200g-cm ²scope.The ratio of club width-face length degree is .90 or larger.

In addition, the club head of this second example embodiment can have the weight being positioned at from about 197g to about 207g scope.Referring again to Figure 32 A and 32B, face length degree can be positioned at the scope from about 122mm to about 126mm, and face area can be positioned at from about 3200mm ²to about 3800mm ²scope.Club head breadth can be positioned at the scope from about 112mm to about 116mm.X _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 28mm to about 32mm; Y _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 17mm to about 21mm; And Z _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope (all measuring from hypocentre) from about 33mm to about 37mm.

For the club head of this example (2), Table IV provides the sampling point coordinate for one group of nominal of cross section 110 upper curve and lower curve.As discussed, in some cases, the sampling point coordinate of these nominals can change in ± 10% scope.

Table IV is for the sampling point in example (2) cross section 110

Selectively, for the club head of this example, above-mentioned B é zier equation (1a) and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 110 upper curve 113, as follows:

X _u=3 (22) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (213a)

Z _u=3 (8) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (23) ²+ (23) t ³formula (213b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 113, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=22 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=8, Pzu ₂=23 and Pzu ₃=23.As discussed, in some cases, these z coordinates can change in ± 10% scope.

Similarly, for the club head of this example, B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 110 lower curve 114, as follows:

X _l=3 (18) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (214a)

Z _l=3 (12) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (25) ²+ (33) t ³formula (214b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 114, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=18 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-12, PZL ₂=-25 and PZL ₃=-33.In some cases, these z coordinates also can change in ± 10% scope.

From the data verification of this example (2) embodiment on cross section 110, can see, from summit 112 along x axle 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 114 is greater than the z coordinate figure 50% of upper curve 113.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.But from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 113 goes out other 13mm from x shaft extension along x axle _u=19-6=13mm) and lower curve 114 to go out other 15mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=24-9=15mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 are stretched out respectively other 16mm and 21mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 is more smooth than lower curve 114.

As above the curve 113 of discussing about Figure 29 A is the same with 114, referring now to Figure 30 A, and the curvilinear characteristic that can be presented by sampling point table for upper curve and the lower curve 123 and 124 of this second example club head.Table V provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (2) cross section 120.The object of table for this reason, sampling point coordinate is defined as the value with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 123; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 124.

Table V: for the sampling point in example (2) cross section 120

X _u=3 (28) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (223a)

Z _u=3 (9) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (22) ²+ (21) t ³formula (223b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby can see, for this specific curve 123, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=28 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=9, Pzu ₂=22 and Pzu ₃=21.

X _l=3 (13) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (224a)

Z _l=3 (11) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (22) ²+ (33) t ³formula (224b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 124, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=13 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-11, PZL ₂=-22 and PZL ₃=-33.

In cross section 120, from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 124 is greater than the z coordinate figure 50% of upper curve 123.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.But from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 123 goes out other 11mm from x shaft extension along x axle _u=17-6=11mm), and lower curve 124 to go out other 15mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=24-9=15mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 123 and lower curve 124 are stretched out respectively other 14mm and 20mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, be similar to the curve in cross section 110, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 123 is more smooth than lower curve 124.

Surface 113 is the same with 114 as discussed above, the curvilinear characteristic that upper curve and lower curve 133 and 134 can be presented by sampling point table.Table VI provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (2) cross section 130.The object of table for this reason, all coordinates of sampling point all define with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 133; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 134.

Table VI is for the sampling point in example (2) cross section 130

X _u=2 (26) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (233a)

Z _u=3 (9) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (14) ²+ (13) t ³formula (233b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 133, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=26 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=9, Pzu ₂=14 and Pzu ₃=13.

X _l=3 (18) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (234a)

Z _l=3 (7) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (23) ²+ (30) t ³formula (234b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 134, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=18 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-7, PZL ₂=-23 and PZL ₃=-30.

In cross section 130, from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 134 is only greater than the z coordinate figure 20% of upper curve 133.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 133 goes out other 7mm from x shaft extension _u=12-5=7mm), and lower curve 134 to go out other 15mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=21-6=15mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 and lower curve 134 are stretched out respectively other 8mm and 20mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 is more smooth than lower curve 134 significantly.

In addition, to the embodiment of this example (2), when compared with the curve of the curve of cross section 110 (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 120 (becoming the cross section of 70 degree orientations with center line), can see that they are similar.Especially, the z coordinate figure of upper curve 113 and the z coordinate figure of upper curve 123 differ about 10% or still less.About the lower curve 114 and 124 in cross section 110 and 120, in the scope at x coordinate from 0mm to 48mm, z coordinate figure departs from and is less than 10% each other respectively, and wherein lower curve 124 is slightly less than lower curve 114.When compared with the curve of the curve of the cross section 110 of this example (2) embodiment (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 130 (becoming the cross section of 45 degree orientations with center line), can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the z coordinate figure of the lower curve 134 in cross section 130 is different from quite constant amount-3mm or the 4mm of z coordinate figure one of the lower curve 114 in cross section 110.On the other hand, can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the difference between the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 133 in cross section 130 and the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 113 in cross section 110 stably increases.In other words, the curvature of upper curve 133 obviously deviates from the curvature of upper curve 113, and wherein upper curve 133 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.

example embodiment (3)

In the 3rd example, the representative embodiments of club head as shown in Figure 15-20 is described.This 3rd example club head is provided with the volume that is greater than about 400cc.Face height is positioned at the scope from about 52mm to about 56mm.At center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is positioned at from about 2900g-cm ²to about 3600g-cm ²scope.At center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is greater than about 5000g-cm ².The ratio of club width-face length degree is .94 or larger.

The club head of this 3rd example also can be provided with the weight being positioned at from about 200g to about 210g scope.With reference to Figure 32 A and 32B, face length degree can be positioned at the scope from about 122mm to about 126mm, and face area can be positioned at from about 3300mm ²to about 3900mm ²scope.Club head breadth can be positioned at the scope from about 115mm to about 118mm.X _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 28mm to about 32mm; Y _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 16mm to about 20mm; And Z _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope (all measuring from hypocentre) from about 29mm to about 33mm.

For the club head of this example (3), Table VII provides the sampling point coordinate for one group of nominal of cross section 110 upper curve and lower curve.As discussed, in some cases, the sampling point coordinate of these nominals can change in ± 10% scope.

Table VII is for the sampling point in example (3) cross section 110

X _u=3 (17) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (313a)

Z _u=3 (5) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (12) ²+ (11) t ³formula (313b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 113, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=17 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=5, Pzu ₂=12 and Pzu ₃=11.As discussed, in some cases, these z coordinates can change in ± 10% scope.

X _l=3 (7) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (314a)

Z _l=3 (15) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (32) ²+ (44) t ³formula (314b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 114, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=7 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-15, PZL ₂-32 and PZL ₃=-44.In some cases, these z coordinates also can change in ± 10% scope.

From the data verification of this example (3) embodiment on cross section 110, can see, from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 114 is greater than the z coordinate figure 275% of upper curve 113.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 113 goes out other 6mm from x shaft extension _u=10-4=6mm) and lower curve 114 to go out other 19mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=34-15=19mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 go out other 7mm and 25mm from x shaft extension respectively along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 is more smooth than lower curve 114 significantly.

As above the curve 113 of discussing about Figure 29 A is the same with 114, referring now to Figure 30 A, and the curvilinear characteristic that can be presented by sampling point table for upper curve and the lower curve 123 and 124 of this 3rd example club head.Table VIII provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (3) cross section 120.The object of table for this reason, sampling point coordinate is defined as the value with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 123; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 124.

Table VIII is for the sampling point in example (3) cross section 120

Selectively, for the club head of this example (3), the B é zier equation (1a) shown in above and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 120 upper curve 123, as follows:

X _u=2 (21) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (323a)

Z _u=3 (5) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (7) ²+ (7) t ³formula (323b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby can see, for this specific curve 123, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=21 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0Pzu ₁=5, Pzu ₂=7 and Pzu ₃=7.

X _l=3 (13) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (324a)

Z _l=3 (18) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (34) ²+ (43) t ³formula (324b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 124, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=13 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-18, PZL ₂=-34 and PZL ₃=-43.

In the cross section 120 of example (3), from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 124 is greater than the z coordinate figure 250% of upper curve 123.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 123 goes out other 3mm from x shaft extension _u=7-4=3mm), and lower curve 124 to go out other 20mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=34-14=20mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 are stretched out respectively other 3mm and 25mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, be similar to the curve in cross section 110, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 123 is more smooth than lower curve 124 significantly.In fact, from 24mm to 48mm, upper curve 123 keeps the distance constant from x axle, and lower curve 124 is left other 9mm in this same range.

Surface 113 is the same with 114 as discussed above, the curvilinear characteristic that upper curve and lower curve 133 and 134 can be presented by sampling point table.Table I X provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (3) cross section 130.The object of table for this reason, all coordinates of sampling point all define with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 133; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 134.

Table I X is for the sampling point in example (3) cross section 130

X _u=3 (5) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (333a)

Z _u=3 (6) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (5) ²+ (2) t ³formula (333b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 133, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=5 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=6, Pzu ₂=5 and Pzu ₃=-2.

As above-mentioned, for the club head of this example (3), B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 130 lower curve 134, as follows:

X _l=3 (18) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (334a)

Z _l=3 (15) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (32) ²+ (41) t ³formula (334b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 134, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=18 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-15, PZL ₂=-32 and PZL ₃=-41.

In the cross section 130 of example (3), from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 134 is greater than the z coordinate figure 175% of upper curve 133.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, upper curve 133 (is Δ z from go out-2mm of x shaft extension _u=2-4=-2mm).In other words,, within the scope of this, in fact upper curve 133 has approached x axle.On the other hand, to go out other 19mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z to lower curve 134 _l=30-11=19mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 and lower curve 134 are stretched out respectively other-4mm and 26mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 is more smooth than lower curve 134 significantly.

In addition, to the embodiment of this example (3), when compared with the curve of the curve of cross section 110 (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 120 (becoming the cross section of 70 degree orientations with center line), can see that upper curve changes obviously, lower curve is very similar.Especially, the z coordinate figure of upper curve 113 and the z coordinate figure of upper curve 123 differ nearly 57% (with respect to upper curve 123).Upper curve 123 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.About the lower curve 114 and 124 in cross section 110 and 120, in the scope at x coordinate from 0mm to 48mm, z coordinate figure departs from and is less than 10% each other respectively, and wherein lower curve 124 is slightly less than lower curve 114.When compared with the curve of the curve of the cross section 110 of this example (3) embodiment (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 130 (becoming the cross section of 45 degree orientations with center line), can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the z coordinate figure of the lower curve 134 in cross section 130 is different from quite constant amount-3mm or the 4mm of z coordinate figure one of the lower curve 114 in cross section 110.Thereby within the scope of 48mm, lower curve 134 is approximate identical with the curvature of lower curve 114 about the curvature of x axle at the 0mm of x coordinate.On the other hand, can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the difference between the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 133 in cross section 130 and the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 113 in cross section 110 stably increases.In other words, the curvature of upper curve 133 obviously deviates from the curvature of upper curve 113, and wherein upper curve 133 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.

example embodiment (4)

In the 4th example, the representative embodiments of club head as shown in Figure 21-26 is described.This 4th example club head is provided with the volume that is greater than about 400cc.Face height is positioned at the scope from about 58mm to about 63mm.At center of gravity place around being parallel to X _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is positioned at from about 2800g-cm ²to about 3300g-cm ²scope.At center of gravity place around being parallel to Z _othe moment of inertia of the axis of axle is from about 4500g-cm ²to about 5200g-cm ²scope.The ratio of club width-face length degree is .94 or larger.

In addition, the club head of this 4th example is provided with the weight that can be positioned at from about 200g to about 210g scope.With reference to Figure 32 A and 32B, face length degree can be positioned at the scope from about 118mm to about 122mm, and face area can be positioned at from about 3900mm ²to about 4500mm ²scope.Club head breadth can be positioned at the scope from about 116mm to about 118mm.X _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 28mm to about 32mm; Y _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope from about 15mm to about 19mm; And Z _oin direction, the position of center of gravity can be positioned at the scope (all measuring from hypocentre) from about 29mm to about 33mm.

For the club head of this example (4), Table X provides the sampling point coordinate for one group of nominal of the heel lateral in cross section 110.These sampling point coordinates are made as absolute value.As discussed, in some cases, the sampling point coordinate of these nominals can change in ± 10% scope.

Table X is for the sampling point in example (4) cross section 110

Selectively, for the club head of this example (4), above-mentioned B é zier equation (1a) and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 110 upper curve 113, as follows:

X _u=3 (31) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (413a)

Z _u=3 (9) (1-t) (1-t) t of 2t+3 (21) ²+ (20) t ³formula (413b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 113, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=31 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=9, Pzu ₂=21 and Pzu ₃=20.As discussed, in some cases, these z coordinates can change in ± 10% scope.

X _l=3 (30) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (414a)

Z _l=3 (17) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (37) ²+ (40) t ³formula (414b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 114, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=30 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-17, PZL ₂=-37 and PZL ₃=-40.In some cases, these z coordinates also can change in ± 10% scope.

From the data verification of this example (4) embodiment on cross section 110, can see, from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 114 is greater than the z coordinate figure 100% of upper curve 113.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 113 goes out other 11mm from x shaft extension _u=16-5=11mm) and lower curve 114 to go out other 20mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=30-10=20mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 and lower curve 114 go out other 14mm and 26mm from x shaft extension respectively along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 113 is more smooth than lower curve 114 significantly.

As above the curve 113 of discussing about Figure 29 A is the same with 114, referring now to Figure 30 A, and the curvilinear characteristic that can be presented by sampling point table for upper curve and the lower curve 123 and 124 of this first example club head.Table X I provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (4) cross section 120.The object of table for this reason, sampling point coordinate defines with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 123; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 124.

Table X I is for the sampling point in example (4) cross section 120

Selectively, for the club head of this example (4), the B é zier equation (1a) shown in above and (1b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 120 upper curve 123, as follows:

X _u=3 (25) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (423a)

Z _u=3 (4) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (16) ²+ (14) t ³formula (423b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby can see, for this specific curve 123, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=25 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=4, Pzu ₂=16 and Pzu ₃=14.

X _l=3 (26) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (424a)

Z _l=3 (18) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (36) ²+ (41) t ³formula (424b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 124, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=26 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=0, PZL ₁=-18, PZL ₂=-36 and PZL ₃=-41.

In the cross section 120 of example (4), from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 124 is greater than the z coordinate figure 175% of upper curve 123.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 123 goes out other 8mm from x shaft extension _u=12-4=8mm), and lower curve 124 to go out other 20mm from x shaft extension (be Δ z _l=31-11=20mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 123 and lower curve 124 are stretched out respectively other 10mm and 26mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, be similar to the curve in cross section 110, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 123 is more smooth than lower curve 124 significantly.

Surface 113 is the same with 114 as discussed above, the curvilinear characteristic that upper curve and lower curve 133 and 134 can be presented by sampling point table.Table X II provides one group of sampling point coordinate for example (4) cross section 130.The object of table for this reason, all coordinates of sampling point all define with respect to summit 112.Z _ucoordinate is associated with upper curve 133; z _lcoordinate is associated with lower curve 134.

Table X II is for the sampling point in example (4) cross section 130

X _u=3 (35) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (433a)

Z _u=3 (6) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (9) ²+ (5) t ³formula (433b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 133, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: Pxu ₀=0, Pxu ₁=0, Pxu ₂=35 and Pxu ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: Pzu ₀=0, Pzu ₁=6, Pzu ₂=9 and Pzu ₃=5.

As above-mentioned, for the club head of this example (4), B é zier equation (2a) and (2b) can be used for obtaining respectively x coordinate and the z coordinate of cross section 130 lower curve 134, as follows:

X _l=3 (40) (1-t) t ²+ (48) t ³formula (434a)

Z _l=3 (17) (1-t) ²(1-t) t of t+3 (35) ²+ (37) t ³formula (434b)

In the scope of 0≤t≤1.

Thereby, for this specific curve 134, be defined as for the B é zier control point of x coordinate: PXL ₀=0, PXL ₁=0, PXL ₂=40 and PXL ₃=48, and be defined as for the B é zier control point of z coordinate: PZL ₀=, 0, PZL ₁=-17, PZL ₂=-35 and PZL ₃=-37.

In the cross section 130 of example (4), from summit 112 along x axle, at 3mm, the z coordinate figure of lower curve 134 is greater than the z coordinate figure 100% of upper curve 133.This introduces initial asymmetric in curve.Along x axle, from 3mm to 24mm, it (is Δ z that upper curve 133 goes out 3mm from x shaft extension _u=7-4=3mm).It (is Δ z that lower curve 134 goes out other 18mm from x shaft extension _l=26-8=18mm).And from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 and lower curve 134 are stretched out respectively other 3mm and 24mm from x axle along x axle.In other words, along x axle, from 3mm to 36mm, upper curve 133 is more smooth than lower curve 134 significantly.

In addition, to the embodiment of this example (4), when compared with the curve of the curve of cross section 110 (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 120 (becoming the cross section of 70 degree orientations with center line), can see that upper curve changes obviously, lower curve is very similar.Especially, the z coordinate figure of upper curve 113 and the z coordinate figure of upper curve 123 differ nearly 43% (with respect to upper curve 123).Upper curve 123 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.About the lower curve 114 and 124 in cross section 110 and 120, in the scope at x coordinate from 0mm to 48mm, z coordinate figure departs from and is less than 10% each other respectively, and wherein lower curve 124 is slightly less than lower curve 114.When compared with the curve of the curve of the cross section 110 of this example (4) embodiment (becoming the cross section of 90 degree orientations with center line) and cross section 130 (becoming the cross section of 45 degree orientations with center line), can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the z coordinate figure of the z coordinate figure of the lower curve 134 in cross section 130 and the lower curve 114 in cross section 110 do not coexist 2mm in the scope of 4mm.Thereby for the embodiment of example (4), how much curvature of lower curve 134 is different from the curvature of lower curve 114.On the other hand, can see that 0mm at x coordinate is within the scope of 48mm, the difference between the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 133 in cross section 130 and the z coordinate figure of the upper curve 113 in cross section 110 stably increases to the difference of 15mm from the difference of 1mm.In other words, the curvature of upper curve 133 obviously deviates from the curvature of upper curve 113, and wherein upper curve 133 is more smooth than upper curve 113 significantly.

For those skilled in the art of known present disclosure advantage, be apparent that with the similar proportional streamlined region 100 in cross section 110,120,130 and will realize the drag reduction advantage identical with the specific cross section 110,120,130 of Table I-XII definition.Thereby the club head of various sizes can be amplified or be reduced to meet in the cross section 110,120,130 presenting in Table I-XII.In addition, for those skilled in the art of known present disclosure advantage, be apparent that there is substantially consistent with the curve defining in Table I-XII upper curve and lower curve streamlined region 100 also by conventionally realize with Table I-XII in the particular upper curve that the presents drag reduction advantage identical with lower curve.Thereby, for example, z coordinate figure can with those differences of presenting in Table I-XII nearly ± 5%, nearly ± 10%, or reach even in some cases ± 15%.

Although shown, described and pointed out the basic novel feature of various embodiments, but be appreciated that, shown in various omissions, replacement and variation in the form of equipment and details and in operation can be made by those skilled in the art, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.For example, golf club head can be any bat, wooden bat or analog.In addition, be particularly intended to identical mode substantially carry out substantially identical function with realize identical result these elements all combinations within the scope of the invention.Replacement from a described embodiment to the element of embodiment described in another also can be expected completely and consider.Thereby it is intended to be only subject to limit shown in the scope of its claims.

Claims

1. for a golf club head for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

Main element, described main element has top, bottom and heel, and also comprises leading edge at described heel, and what described leading edge was defined as described heel has the surface of vertical slope during in 60 position, degree bar base angle when described club head,

Described main element also has the first cross section, and wherein said the first cross section comprises the summit being positioned in described leading edge, the first top side surface of extending from described summit and the first bottom side surface of extending from described summit,

Wherein said the first cross section is perpendicular to the center line orientation of described club head,

Wherein said vertex representation the one x ₁and z ₁the initial point of coordinate system, a described x ₁and z ₁coordinate system is oriented in the plane in described the first cross section with the roll angle of about 15 °, and

Wherein said the first top side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1UCoordinate (mm) 0 11 16 22 25 26

Wherein said z _1Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%, and

Wherein said the first bottom side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1LCoordinate (mm) 0 -14 -19 -25 -29 -32

Wherein said z _1Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

2. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said main element also has the second cross section, and wherein said the second cross section comprises the summit being positioned in described leading edge, the second top side surface of extending from described summit and the second bottom side surface of extending from described summit,

Wherein said the second cross section becomes about 70 ° of orientations with the described center line of described club head,

Wherein said summit also represents the 2nd x ₂and z ₂the initial point of coordinate system, described the 2nd x ₂and z ₂coordinate system is oriented in the plane in described the second cross section with the roll angle of about 15 °, and

Wherein said the second top side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _2UCoordinate (mm) 0 11 16 21 24 25

Wherein said z _2Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%.

3. golf club head according to claim 2, wherein said the second bottom side surface is defined by following sampling point:

X ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 Z _2LCoordinate (mm) 0 -13 -18 -24 -28 -30

Wherein said z _2Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

4. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said the second cross section becomes about 45 ° of orientations with the described center line of described club head,

X ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 Z _2UCoordinate (mm) 0 9 12 17 18 18

Wherein said z _2Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%, and

Wherein said the second bottom side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _2LCoordinate (mm) 0 -12 -16 -22 -26 -29

Wherein said z _2Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

5. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said main element is configured to be attached to the shaft with longitudinal axis, and

Described summit is positioned at from the about 15mm of described longitudinal axis of described shaft to about 25mm.

6. golf club head according to claim 1,

Described summit is positioned at the about 20mm of described longitudinal axis from described shaft.

7. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said main element also comprises the groove that the horizontal length along described toe extends and extends along the horizontal length at described back at least partly at least partly.

8. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said club head has 420 cubic centimetres or larger volume.

9. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said club head has 53mm or larger face height.

10. golf club head according to claim 1,

Wherein said club head has 0.92 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree.

11. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

Described main element also has the first cross section, and wherein said the first cross section comprises the summit being positioned in described leading edge, the first top side surface curve of extending from described summit and the first bottom side surface curve of extending from described summit,

The x of wherein said the first top side surface curve ₁coordinate and z ₁coordinate is defined by following Bezier equation:

x _1U＝3(17)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1U＝3(10)(1-t) ²t+3(26)(1-t)t ²+(26)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1, and

Wherein said z _1Uvalue can change ± 10%.

12. golf club heads according to claim 11,

The x of wherein said the first bottom side surface curve ₁coordinate and z ₁coordinate is defined by following Bezier equation:

x _1L＝3(11)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1L＝3(-10)(1-t) ²t+3(-26)(1-t)t ²+(-32)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein said z _1Lvalue can change ± 10%.

13. golf club heads according to claim 11,

Wherein said main element also has the second cross section, and wherein said the second cross section comprises the summit being positioned in described leading edge, the second top side surface curve of extending from described summit and the second bottom side surface curve of extending from described summit,

The x of wherein said the second top side surface curve _2Ucoordinate and z _2Ucoordinate is defined by following Bezier equation:

x _2U＝3(19)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _2U＝3(10)(1-t) ²t+3(25)(1-t)t ²+(25)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein z _2Uvalue can change ± 10%.

14. golf club heads according to claim 13, the x of wherein said the second bottom side surface curve _1Lcoordinate and z _1Lcoordinate is defined by following Bezier equation:

x _2L＝3(13)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _2L＝3(-10)(1-t) ²t+3(-26)(1-t)t ²+(-30)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein z _2Lvalue can change ± 10%.

15. golf club heads according to claim 11,

Wherein said summit is positioned at from the about 15mm of described longitudinal axis of described shaft to about 25mm.

16. golf club heads according to claim 11,

Wherein said summit is positioned at the about 20mm of described longitudinal axis from described shaft.

17. golf club heads according to claim 11,

Wherein said main element also comprises the groove that the length along described toe is extended and extended along the length at described back at least partly at least partly.

18. golf club heads according to claim 11,

The volume of described club head is that the ratio of 420 cubic centimetres or larger and described club width and face length degree is 0.92 or larger.

19. 1 kinds of golf club heads, comprising:

Main element, described main element has striking surface, top, toe, heel, bottom, back and hosel region, and described hosel region is positioned at the intersection of described striking surface, described heel, described top and described bottom,

Wherein said main element is configured to be attached to the shaft with longitudinal axis, and described main element comprises summit, and it is interior from the about 10mm of described longitudinal axis of described shaft to about 30mm that described summit is positioned at described heel,

Described main element has and becomes about 90 ° of first directed cross sections with the center line of described club head,

Described main element also has and becomes about 45 ° of second directed cross sections with the described center line of described club head,

Wherein said the first cross section and described the second cross section are each comprises the described summit that is positioned at described heel, and eachly has the top side surface curve separately of extending from described summit and the bottom side surface curve separately of extending from described summit,

Wherein said the first cross section has the first aerofoil shape bend and first concave surface relative with described heel in described heel, and

Wherein said the second cross section has the second aerofoil shape bend and second concave surface relative with described heel in described heel.

20. golf club heads according to claim 19,

Wherein said the first top side surface curve is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 3 6 12 18 24 36 48 z _1UCoordinate (mm) 0 7 11 16 19 22 25 26

Wherein said z _1Usit target value can change ± 10%.

21. golf club heads according to claim 19, wherein said the first bottom side surface curve is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 3 6 12 18 24 36 48 z _1LCoordinate (mm) 0 -10 -14 -19 -23 -25 -29 -32

Wherein said z _1Lsit target value can change ± 10%.

22. golf club heads according to claim 19, wherein said summit also represents the 2nd x ₂and z ₂the initial point of coordinate system, described the 2nd x ₂and z ₂coordinate system is oriented in the plane in described the second cross section with the roll angle of about 15 °, and

Wherein said the second top side surface curve is defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 3 6 12 18 24 36 48 z _2UCoordinate (mm) 0 7 11 16 19 21 24 25

Wherein said z _2Usit target value can change ± 10%.

23. golf club heads according to claim 22, wherein said the second bottom side surface curve is defined by following sampling point:

x ₂Coordinate (mm) 0 3 6 12 18 24 36 48 z _2LCoordinate (mm) 0 -9 -13 -18 -21 -24 -28 -30

Wherein said z _2Lsit target value can change ± 10%.

24. golf club heads according to claim 19, wherein said summit is positioned at from the about 15mm of described longitudinal axis of described shaft to about 25mm.

25. golf club heads according to claim 19, wherein said summit is positioned at the about 20mm of described longitudinal axis from described shaft.

26. golf club heads according to claim 19, wherein said the first concave surface and described the second concave surface are formed by continuous groove, and described continuous groove extends and extends along the length at described back at least partly along the length of described toe at least partly.

27. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

Wherein said the first top side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1UCoordinate (mm) 0 9 13 19 22 23

Wherein said z _1Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%, and

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1LCoordinate (mm) 0 -13 -18 -24 -30 -33

Wherein said z _1Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

28. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

x _1U＝3(22)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1U＝3(8)(1-t) ²t+3(23)(1-t)t ²+(23)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1, and

Wherein said z _1Uvalue can change ± 10%, and

x _1L＝3(18)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1L＝3(-12)(1-t) ²t+3(-25)(1-t)t ²+(-33)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein said z _1Lvalue can change ± 10%.

29. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

Wherein said the first top side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1UCoordinate (mm) 0 6 7 10 11 11

Wherein said z _1Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%, and

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1LCoordinate (mm) 0 -20 -26 -34 -40 -44

Wherein said z _1Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

30. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

x _1U＝3(17)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1U＝3(5)(1-t) ²t+3(12)(1-t)t ²+(11)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1, and

Wherein said z _1Uvalue can change ± 10%, and

x _1L＝3(7)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1L＝3(-15)(1-t) ²t+3(-32)(1-t)t ²+(-44)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein said z _1Lvalue can change ± 10%.

31. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

Wherein said the first top side surface is defined by following sampling point:

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1UCoordinate (mm) 0 7 11 16 19 20

Wherein said z _1Ucoordinate can change ± and 10%, and

x ₁Coordinate (mm) 0 6 12 24 36 48 z _1L-coordinate (mm) 0 -14 -21 -30 -36 -40

Wherein said z _1Lcoordinate can change ± and 10%.

32. 1 kinds of golf club heads for bat, described golf club head has 400 cubic centimetres or larger volume and 0.90 or larger club width and the ratio of face length degree, and described golf club head comprises:

x _1U＝3(31)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1U＝3(9)(1-t) ²t+3(21)(1-t)t ²+(20)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1, and

Wherein said z _1Uvalue can change ± 10%, and

x _1L＝3(30)(1-t)t ²+(48)t ³

z _1L＝3(-17)(1-t) ²t+3(-37)(1-t)t ²+(-40)t ³

In the scope of 0≤t≤1,

Wherein said z _1Lvalue can change ± 10%.

33. 1 kinds of golf clubs, comprising:

Shaft; And

According to the golf club head described in claim 1,11,19,27,28,29,30,31 and 32, wherein said golf club head is fixed to the first end of described shaft.