CN102452805A - Mineral admixture for high durable concrete - Google Patents
Mineral admixture for high durable concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN102452805A CN102452805A CN2010105129858A CN201010512985A CN102452805A CN 102452805 A CN102452805 A CN 102452805A CN 2010105129858 A CN2010105129858 A CN 2010105129858A CN 201010512985 A CN201010512985 A CN 201010512985A CN 102452805 A CN102452805 A CN 102452805A
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- silicon ash
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Abstract
A mineral admixture for high durable concrete. Two materials of siliceous dust and calcium hydrate are mixed according to a proportion, wherein the siliceous dust accounts for 20-50 weight parts and the balance is calcium hydrate. The fineness of the siliceous dust: its specific surface area is 18000m<2>/Kg. The content of silica is greater than 85%. The fineness of calcium hydrate is 0.045. The screen over-size is not greater than 4g. The purity is 90%. The fine siliceous dust and calcium hydrate are mixed according to a certain proportion to form the novel mineral admixture based on secondary hydration effect and micro-aggregate effect. The addition of the mineral admixture in cement contributes to cement strength and performance mainly in three aspects as follows: pozzolanic effect, particle filling effect and interface effect can greatly raise density of high-performance concrete and enhance durability and strength of high-performance concrete.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the concrete additive technical field, relate to a kind of auxiliary agent, especially durability concrete mineral that are mixed and made into raw mineral materials processing and help and mix agent.
Background technology:
Concrete abbreviates concrete as, is meant by the gelling material glued general designation that becomes whole engineered composite material of will gathering materials.Usually concrete one speech of saying is meant with cement makes gelling material, and sand, masonry gather materials; With water, add or do not add admixture and adulterant, cooperate by a certain percentage, through stirring, moulding, maintenance and cement concrete, also claim normal concrete, be widely used in civil engineering work.Alleged cement is with calcareous raw material (CaCO
3) and clay raw material (SiO
2+ Al
2O
3+ Fe
2O
3) according to chemical composition reach and desire to process cement type decision proportion scale, through grind, sintering adds gypsum again and grinds and cause institute and must a fineness form.Cement system is with calcareous raw material (CaCO
3) and clay raw material (SiO
2+ Al
2O
3+ Fe
2O
3) according to chemical composition reach and desire to process cement type decision proportion scale, through grind, sintering adds gypsum again and grinds and cause institute and must a fineness form.After portland cement occurs, experienced very long evolution.Portland cement is gained the name because of originating from Britain ' Portland ', is called silicate cement in China.Ordinary Portland cement or normal portland cement refer to that silicate cement contains 5～20% active mixed material.Greater than the silicate cement of 20% higher blended material content, generic name comprises the blended material title, for example Portland blast, Portland fly, portland-pozzolan cement, composite Portland cement (containing two or more blended materials).Make the raw material of portland cement, its three kinds of main compositions are: and quicklime (lime, CaO), silicon-dioxide (SiO
2), aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3); Portland cement is a kind of hydraulic cement; System is ground by the cement clinkers in the firing (containing hydraulic calcium silicate) and forms; The manufacturing of this product is that the mixture with clay, Wingdale or chalk heats in boiler, till temperature is enough with co 2 removal.
At present, concrete and cement correlation technique still, are probed into period in time immemorial in continuous development, are not having under the situation of modern cement, and how ancients make that the part building is for a long time hundreds of and even remained intact in thousand; By contrast, contemporary concrete construction endurance quality do not guaranteed yet, such as, modern concrete building weather resistance be decided to be 30 years working life, 50 years, 100 to 200 years at most only.The factor that influences endurance performance of concrete is a lot, mainly is divided into inside and outside two aspects.Internal factor has concrete intensity, density, cement consumption, wc, cl ions and alkali content, admixture consumption, protective layer thickness etc.; Externality mainly is an envrionment conditions then, comprises temperature, humidity, CO
2Content, corrosive medium etc.The problem that endurance quality descends appears, the result of inside and outside often combined factors effect.In addition, inconsiderate, the construction quality difference of design or use in maintenance is improper etc. also can influence endurance quality.This wherein major reason be the endurance quality defective of concrete material and construction, concrete weather resistance is meant the resistivity of structure to weather effect, chemical erosion, physical action or any other destructive process.Competent concrete structure is when being exposed to environment for use; Have and keep original shape, the ability of quality and suitability can not cause reinforcement corrosion owing to resist carbonization or fracture width are excessive; And then not because of destroying the work-ing life of the concrete heavy corrosion taking place influence structure; Always interrelate the work-ing life of durability of structures and structure, and durability of structures is good more, and work-ing life is long more.
When ultimate compression strength surpasses the strong concrete technical development of 50MPa; The correlation technique that improves endurance performance of concrete also obtains paying close attention to; Disclosed correlation technique is called as-high performance concrete, and promptly High Performance Concrete is called for short HPC; Require this concrete to guarantee that mixture is easy to build and closely knit moulding, do not take place or reduce as far as possible by temperature with shrink the crack that produces, enough intensity is arranged after the sclerosis, internal void is rational in infrastructure and low-permeability and high chemical resistance of concrete property arranged.Such concrete emphasis is arranged guarantees at aspect of performances such as weather resistance, application property, suitability, intensity, volume stability, economy to different purposes requirements.
Mostly be the type that the adds Additive of part place of cement in the disclosed correlation technique; Relate to 96116632.0 1 kinds of composite blend and technologies thereof that are used for high-performance concrete like Chinese patent, by blast-furnace slag: dehydrated gyp-: the activation aluminosilicate mineral is by 60-90%: 5-20%: the 2-20% weight percent is formed; Its preparation technology: earlier the broken respectively back of above-mentioned raw materials is fitted into the abrasive dust mill by above-mentioned composition, grinding fineness control reaches Blain specific surface 450-850m
2/ kg; But the composite blend of processing is as concrete admixture equivalent substitution cement 30-60%, makes to satisfy simultaneously that HS (more than the C80), high flowability are not emanated, the high performance concrete of high-durability requirement.Such technology still mainly is target with the enhancing concrete strength.
Summary of the invention:
Objects of the present invention are to propose a kind of outer adding assistant of concrete that can effectively improve and improve endurance performance of concrete, and promptly the durability concrete mineral help and mix agent.This helps mixes agent and comprises fine and closely woven mineral raw material, is applied to can be beneficial to aquation and micro-aggregate filling effect behind the concrete.
The measure that realizes objects of the present invention is: silicon ash and two kinds of materials of calcium hydroxide are proportionally mixed, and wherein silicon ash weight part is pressed 20%-50%, and all the other are calcium hydroxide.
As selection preferably, wherein silicon ash fineness is specific surface area 18000m
2/ Kg, dioxide-containing silica is greater than 85%; Calcium hydroxide fineness 0.045 screen over-size is not more than 4g, and purity is 90%.
Above mixture is the ratio of the 3%-6% of every side's concrete gel material with total volume in use, adds blending.
The invention has the advantages that: fine and closely woven silicon ash and calcium hydroxide are mixed by a certain percentage, form novel mineral additive based on secondary hydration effect and micro-aggregate filling effect.Mix in the cement, the contribution of strength of cement and performance is mainly contained three aspects, that is: volcanical ash effect, particulate filling effect and interfacial effect can greatly improve the degree of compactness of high performance concrete, increase the weather resistance and the intensity of high performance concrete.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: silicon ash and two kinds of materials of calcium hydroxide are proportionally mixed, and wherein silicon ash weight part is pressed 20%-50%, and all the other are calcium hydroxide; The corresponding volume that is calcium hydroxide is chosen in 50%-80%.
As selection preferably, wherein silicon ash fineness is specific surface area 18000m
2/ Kg, dioxide-containing silica is greater than 85%; Calcium hydroxide fineness 0.045 screen over-size is not more than 4g, and purity is 90%.
Above mixture is the ratio of the 3%-6% of every side's concrete gel material with total volume in use, adds blending.
The technical process of above mixture preparation comprises: standard compliant starting material are proportionally added in the mixing equipment, must guarantee after mixing that evenly, packing is dispatched from the factory then.
Above silicon ash is that a kind of high reactivity silicon-dioxide of superfine volcano grey matter is the raw mineral materials of staple.The silicon ash is as a kind of additive of cement solidification, and it has the effect of the performance of refinforced cement cured body, the leaching that reduces radionuclide and raising nuclear waste containing amount.
Above silicon ash is the industrial dust in ferrosilicon and the silicon Metal Production.It when smelting silicon, iron alloy by electric arc furnace in high-purity quartz and coke generation reduction reaction and generate.
The silicon ash has following characteristic:
(1) the silicon ash is a kind of very thin powder, and staple is the unformed silicon-dioxide of particle superfine (0.1 μ m-0.2 μ m), has very perfectly spherical-like morphology; Its median size is littler 100 times than cement, and specific surface area is about 15m
2/ g～20m
2/ g;
(2) contain the active silica of 85%～95% above vitreous state;
(3) proportion is 2.2g/cm
3～2.5g/cm
3, loose volume weight is 200kg/m
3～300kg/m
3
After the silicon ash mixes concrete, relevant with above-mentioned characteristic to the effect of newly mixing and stirring maturing.The main quality index of silicon ash is its SiO
2Content and fineness.SiO
2Content is high more, fineness is thin more, and it is also good more to concrete modified effect.Silica flour mixes in the cement, the contribution of strength of cement and performance is mainly contained three aspects, that is: volcanical ash effect, particulate filling effect and interfacial effect.
The volcanical ash effect refers in the silicate cement hydration process, hydrated products such as cement and water water generation reaction Calucium Silicate powder (C-S-H) gel, calcium hydroxide and ettringite, and wherein the percent crystallinity of calcium hydroxide and orientation are unfavorable to concrete strength.After mixing the silicon ash, the silicon ash particle is dispersed in than between its more thick cement granules, and a large amount of vitreous state silicon-dioxide that contain in little silicon ash and water reaction at first generate the persilicic gel, and then following reaction takes place for calcium hydroxide and this Silicon-rich gel:
Ca (OH)
2Ten SiO
2Ten H
2O → C-S-H gel
Consume Ca (OH)
2Generate calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), promoted aquation simultaneously, quicken cement hydration process.The silicon ash particle is finer, and chemical reaction is fast further, and concrete strength then obtains accelerated development and raising.The C-S-H that reaction generates is gel-filled among the C-S-H of hydrated cementitious gel pore, has improved the structure degree of compactness greatly.
It is thus clear that it is obviously more closely knit than what do not mix to mix the concrete hydrating product of silicon ash, this pozzolanic reaction that shows the silicon ash can will change into hydrated calcium silicate gel to the disadvantageous calcium hydroxide of intensity, and is filled between the hydrated cementitious product, has changed the pore structure of slurry.Macropore (greater than 0.1um) is reduced, and aperture (less than 0.05um) increases, and the aperture is attenuated, and promotes the growth of concrete strength and the raising of degree of compactness (impermeability) effectively.Silicon ash and calcium hydroxide reaction, calcium hydroxide constantly are consumed and accelerate the speed of hydrated cementitious, therefore can improve concrete early strength.
Particulate filling effect is that the particle of silicon ash can be filled in the space between cement granules; Particle and specific surface area according to silicon ash and cement are calculated, and approximately can make the cement colloid closely knit round 100,000 silicon ash ions around each cement granules; The secondary hydration effect of silicon ash; Generate new material and stop up capillary channel, macropore is reduced, the cement colloid is more closely knit.In the concrete; The intensity of zone of transition generally is lower than clean slurry intensity between cement paste and the aggregate: this is because the inside concrete bleeding receives stopping of particles of aggregates and accumulates in below the aggregate; Form porous interfacial layer; Wherein calcium hydroxide content will be more than other zone, and the calcium hydroxide crystalline orientation win stronger, so zone of transition is easy to ftracture.After mixing the silicon ash, reduce bleeding, prevent moisture, thereby improve the degree of compactness and the thickness that reduces interfacial transition zone of interfacial transition zone in the gathering of aggregate lower surface; Small silicon powder particle becomes the crystal seed of calcium hydroxide simultaneously, makes calcium hydroxide crystalline size littler, and orientation is earned the cohesive strength between slurry and the aggregate thereby improved cement more at random.
Interfacial effect refers to that the interface of colloid-between gathering materials is a weak link, under external force, at first destroys at the interface, and this is because the Ca (OH) that hydrated cementitious produces
2With ettringite orientation, short texture are arranged at the interface.The cement slurry bleeding is big simultaneously, and the moisture in the slurry moves to top, runs into aggregate; By being hindered in the aggregate bottom, form moisture film, weakened the bonding of colloid-between gathering materials; Form the microfracture between colloid-aggregate, receive to run through easily between the external force effect microfracture, form the crack.In grout, mix the silicon ash after, cohesive force on the colloid-interface that gathers materials strengthens, this is because the C-S-H crystal intensity that on the colloid-interface that gathers materials, generates is high, good stability has reduced the Ca (OH) of macrolattice
2Crystal and ettringite quantity, simultaneously because silicon lime and brick bleeding not, colloid-do not exist between gathering materials moisture film, the cohesive force of colloid-between gathering materials strengthens, and has therefore improved silicon lime and brick intensity.
Ultra-fine Additive is processing levigated industrial residue mostly; Thinner its chemically reactive of fineness and filling effect are strong more, but its fineness processing is retrained by current mechanical effectiveness, and fine grinding degree is limited; Its chemically reactive performance is affected, causes the high performance concrete early strength low usually.The flying dust that has only in the industrial residue in ferrosilicon, the silicon steel production is the silicon ash, and forming particle diameter naturally aborning is the particulate of cement granules particle diameter 1/50-1/100, need not to carry out fineness processing again, has extremely strong chemically reactive and particles filled effect.Compound admixture minor amount of silicon ash can remedy the low negative effect of early strength of other artificial processing industry waste residues in the high performance concrete.The degree of compactness that the chemically reactive of silicon ash and filling effect can greatly improve high performance concrete, the weather resistance and the intensity of increase high performance concrete.Be that the technology of high performance concrete performance is more perfect.But the silicon ash also has its deficiency, and its chemically reactive performance must be by Ca (OH)
2The class exciting agent excites; In addition, its drying shrinkage is big, must eliminate these negative effects that its weak tendency is brought through modification.
Well-known concrete is to be particular about grating; Aggregate has its grating; Micro-aggregate equally has corresponding grating; So and normal concrete since micro-aggregate have only in a kind of cement of cement, the sandstone and still to have bigger space, the not high reason of each item durability index of normal concrete why that Here it is, and high performance concrete is owing to use super fine powder additives to make the structure of cement stone obtain huge improvement; Form comparatively good pore structure and improved concrete cross section structure, make concrete intensity and each item durability index obtain significantly promoting.But be to use the high performance concrete of big volume mineral admixture,, cause its early strength generally on the low side, in actual engineering, occur mass defect easily because the hydration rate and the cement of Additive are asynchronous.Therefore must adopt an effective measure to the problems referred to above and solve.At first, the preparation fineness reaches ten other active blending materials of level of nanometer, uses the advantage on its fineness to fill up the space between the various Additives in the concrete, makes concrete more closely knit on microtexture.Secondly, because the advantage on its fineness makes it more easily and one of the hydrated product of cement granules Ca (OH)
2React, make its secondary hydration effect fundamental sum cement granules synchronous, solve the problem of early strength, and because it can be better and Ca (OH)
2React make its can with the Ca that is enriched in the aggregate cross section (OH)
2Chemical reaction fully taking place, form the stronger C-S-H of cohesive force, improved cross section structure, has improved concrete strength.In addition, because the improvement greatly of micro-aggregate structure also can make concrete impervious, freeze proof, anti-erosion, cracking resistance and suppress durability index such as alkali-aggregate reaction is further promoted.And owing to Ca (OH) in the concrete
2Content is limited, might can't satisfy the demand of silicon ash reaction, so need add a certain amount of Ca (OH) according to concrete situation
2Make it satisfy the demand of chemical reaction.
Helping of present embodiment mixed agent according to actual needs, in can in use making the concrete of each strength grade all can accomplish high-performance after the concrete ratio preparation.For this reason, the characteristics of high performance concrete in preparation are low water binder ratios, select high-quality raw material for use, and except that cement, water and aggregate, the fine mineral admixture and the high efficiency water reducing agent of necessary admixture sufficient amount reduce cement consumption.
For example, with 20% silicon ash and 80% calcium hydroxide, fineness is respectively specific surface area 4000-8000m
2The product that/Kg is mixed, addition content is 6% in the Karamay City concrete works, the problem of concrete resisting erosion of sulfate of having improved the endurance quality outstanding behaviours and be good solution.
With 50% silicon ash and 50% calcium hydroxide, fineness is respectively specific surface area 4000-12000m
2The product that/Kg is mixed, addition content is 6% in Qitai city undergrond street concrete works, improves the endurance quality outstanding behaviours for fully improving concrete structure working life, and reaches good structure from waterproof effect.
The embodiment of the invention is mixed fine and closely woven silicon ash and calcium hydroxide by a certain percentage, forms the novel mineral additive based on secondary hydration effect and micro-aggregate filling effect.Mix in the cement, the contribution of strength of cement and performance is mainly contained three aspects, that is: volcanical ash effect, particulate filling effect and interfacial effect can greatly improve the degree of compactness of high performance concrete, increase the weather resistance and the intensity of high performance concrete.In energy-saving and emission-reduction, economize on resources, aspect such as engineering economics, labour protection and environment is all significant; It is the type material of a kind of environment-friendly type, intensive style; Its max architecture characteristics are highly dense soliditys; These characteristics are through adopting low water binder ratio, and the admixture high efficiency water reducing agent is realized with the ultra-fine Additive of big volume.
Claims (3)
1. the durability concrete mineral help and mix agent, it is characterized in that, silicon ash and two kinds of materials of calcium hydroxide are proportionally mixed, and wherein silicon ash weight part is pressed 20%-50%, and all the other are calcium hydroxide.
2. durability concrete mineral as claimed in claim 1 help mixes agent, it is characterized in that, silicon ash fineness is specific surface area 18000m
2/ Kg, dioxide-containing silica is greater than 85%; Calcium hydroxide fineness 0.045 screen over-size is not more than 4g, and purity is 90%.
3. durability concrete mineral as claimed in claim 2 help mixes agent, it is characterized in that, and in use, be the ratio of the 3%-6% of every side's concrete gel material with total volume, add blending.
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| CN2010105129858A CN102452805A (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Mineral admixture for high durable concrete |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105129858A CN102452805A (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | Mineral admixture for high durable concrete |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976672A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 新疆研科节能科技有限公司 | Low-carbon high-performance concrete auxiliary cementing material |
| CN105314952A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 金承黎 | Load-bearing and heat-insulation concrete taking ettringite colloid as template agent and preparation method for load-bearing and heat-insulation concrete |
| CN105776991A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-07-20 | 东南大学 | Modified ecological cementing nano-material and preparation method therefor |
| CN113860782A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-31 | 陈�峰 | Durable powder for concrete implantation, preparation method and application |
| CN113955984A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-21 | 宏瑾建筑科技(上海)有限公司 | White cement-based cementing material |
| CN114380524A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Mineral admixture of novel building material fly ash-slag geopolymer |
| CN114907072A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-16 | 中建八局检测科技有限公司 | Plateau tunnel shotcrete and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976672A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 新疆研科节能科技有限公司 | Low-carbon high-performance concrete auxiliary cementing material |
| CN102976672B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-09-07 | 新疆研科节能科技有限公司 | Low-carbon high-performance concrete auxiliary cementing material |
| CN105314952A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 金承黎 | Load-bearing and heat-insulation concrete taking ettringite colloid as template agent and preparation method for load-bearing and heat-insulation concrete |
| CN105314952B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-06-27 | 金承黎 | A kind of entringite colloid is load bearing heat preserving concrete of template and preparation method thereof |
| CN105776991A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-07-20 | 东南大学 | Modified ecological cementing nano-material and preparation method therefor |
| CN105776991B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-09-01 | 东南大学 | A kind of ecological nano is modified binder materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN113860782A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-31 | 陈�峰 | Durable powder for concrete implantation, preparation method and application |
| CN113955984A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-21 | 宏瑾建筑科技(上海)有限公司 | White cement-based cementing material |
| CN114380524A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Mineral admixture of novel building material fly ash-slag geopolymer |
| CN114907072A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-16 | 中建八局检测科技有限公司 | Plateau tunnel shotcrete and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120516 |