CN102447327A - 发电机,特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机 - Google Patents
发电机,特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102447327A CN102447327A CN2011103097170A CN201110309717A CN102447327A CN 102447327 A CN102447327 A CN 102447327A CN 2011103097170 A CN2011103097170 A CN 2011103097170A CN 201110309717 A CN201110309717 A CN 201110309717A CN 102447327 A CN102447327 A CN 102447327A
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- Prior art keywords
- generator
- fin
- magnet
- rotor
- rotor yoke
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
- H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
- H02K9/223—Heat bridges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
- H02K9/227—Heat sinks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
- H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
一种发电机(1),特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机,其包括定子和转子(2),所述转子具有多个沿转子轭(2)的圆周方向布置的磁体(3),由此,磁体(3)通过允许热量从所述永磁体(3)流到所述散热片(4,10)的连接装置连接至所述轭(2)外侧的散热片(4,10)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发电机,特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机,包括定子和具有多个沿转子轭的圆周方向布置的磁体的转子。
背景技术
风力涡轮机装备有转子轴,该转子轴是在转子相对于发电机的定子运动过程中发电的发电机的一部分。该定子包括多个线圈,该转子包括多个永磁体或带电磁体,以便在转子转动时感应电压。
在发电机中存在主要来源于铜损的热损耗。大量的量必须被带走以避免热斑和绝缘磨损。热损耗的第二主要部分来源于磁体。
在常规的用于风力涡轮机的发电机中,可以通过吹空气经过绕组进入转子与定子之间的空气间隙来冷却叠片。该空气还流过定子径向导管并对磁体进行冷却。作为替代,已知定子可以通过管子或中空铜铰线被液体冷却。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供了一种冷却得到改善的发电机,特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机。
根据本发明,该目的在上文限定的发电机中实现,因为通过允许热量从永磁体流到散热片的连接装置将磁体连接至转子轭外侧的散热片。
由于散热片,热量可以通过连接装置从永磁体直接流到散热片,并由从那里被气流消散。相应地,永磁体可以被冷却,以便防止不必要的高温。
在本发明的发电机中,优选的是,连接装置是连接散热片和永磁体的金属连接器。金属连接器具有优良的导热性,从而允许热量从永磁体消散到散热片。
在本发明的发电机中,连接装置可以是螺钉、螺栓或铆钉。进一步,可以将连接装置和散热片例如形成为螺纹式螺栓。在这种情况下,散热片可以容易地通过连接装置连接至永磁体。
根据本发明的发电机的进一步发展,这些散热片可以沿转子轭外侧的螺旋路径布置。这些小散热片沿歪斜形状放置,以提供更好的冷却。
根据本发明的发电机的优选实施例,可以在两个相邻的磁体之间布置湍流器。该湍流器具有这样的效果,即提高转子与定子之间的空气间隙中的对流传热系数以便实现更好冷却。
在优选的实施例中,该湍流器可以呈锥形并且其外端置于空气间隙中,由此,热量通过磁体带走得到改善。
为了进一步改善传热,本发明的发电机可以包括呈喇叭口状的指板。此外,小的喇叭口块也可以在空气间隙入口处附接到磁体,以便当空气进入空气间隙时压降显著减小。
进一步地,本发明涉及风力涡轮机。
本发明的风力涡轮机包括如上所述的发电机。
附图说明
当考虑到下列优选实施例的描述时,将会更好地理解本发明及其基本原理。附图中:
图1示出本发明发电机的连接装置的细节。
图2示出本发明发电机的细节的第二实施例。
图3示出本发明发电机的细节的透视图。
图4示出本发明发电机的细节的剖视图。
图5示出本发明发电机的细节的剖视图。
图6是图5的本发明发电机的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出发电机1的一部分,由此,仅仅描绘了转子轭2的细节。发电机1是风力涡轮机的一部分。转子轭2呈圆形,在圆周方向上,多个永磁体3被固定到转子轭2上。转子轭2绕定子(未示出)旋转,由此,在定子绕圈中产生电流。在转子轭2运动过程中存在热损耗,使得永磁体3受热。为了散热,在转子轭2的外侧提供了散热片4。散热片4装备有连接器5,其一体化形成在散热片4的下侧。连接器5由金属制成,优选地,由不锈钢制成,并且直接连接至永磁体3。由于金属的高导热性,在永磁体3中产生的热量通过连接器5流到散热片4,并且它在转子轭2旋转下从那里消散。
优选地,沿转子轭2的圆周方向布置的所有永磁体3通过相应的连接器连接至散热片4。该连接器改善永磁体3的冷却,以避免热斑和缺陷。
图2示出发电机的另一实施例的细节,由此,相同的组件用相同的附图标记来标识。
根据第一实施例,多个永磁体3被置于转子轭2上,在转子轭2的外侧上提供有散热片4。与第一实施例形成对照,连接器5是连接散热片4和永磁体3的螺钉6。螺钉6贯穿散热片4和转子轭2中的孔,永磁体3装备有针对螺钉6的螺纹。相应地,永磁体3中产生的热量通过螺钉6流到散热片4,并从那里消散掉。
图3是包括支撑转子叶片8的轮毂7的发电机1的细节的透视图。在转子2的外侧9,布置了多个径向散热片10,散热片10连接至转子2内侧的永磁体。如图3中可见,散热片10沿歪斜形状放置,以进行更好的冷却。
图4是包括定子12和带有多个永磁体14的转子轭13的发电机11的细节的剖视图。
永磁体14彼此分隔开,湍流器15分别被布置在两个相邻的永磁体14之间。在永磁体14与定子12之间提供有空气间隙16。如图4中可见,湍流器15具有尖锐的端部截面。湍流器15固定在转子轭13上,尖锐的端部截面指向定子12。湍流器15的效果在于提高空气间隙16中的对流传热系数,相应地,热量通过磁体14带走得到改善。
图5和图6示出了发电机17的剖视图和透视图,由此,磁体18被布置在转子轭19上。在磁体18与定子20之间形成有空气间隙21,空气通过空气间隙21流动,从而冷却磁体18。图5示出在空气间隙21的入口处的第一磁体18,并且可见喇叭口块22被附接至第一磁体18。空气流沿指盘23流动并通过端部绕组24。在这个实施例中,定子20的叠片组、指盘23、端部绕组24以及磁体18被空气流冷却。指盘23呈喇叭口状,这导致在空气间隙21的入口处有显著的压降。
Claims (8)
1.一种发电机(1),特别是用于风力涡轮机的发电机,包括定子和转子(2),所述转子具有多个沿转子轭(2)的圆周方向布置的磁体(3),所述发电机的特征在于,磁体(3)通过允许热量从所述永磁体(3)流到所述散热片(4,10)的连接装置连接至所述转子轭(2)外侧的散热片(4,10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述连接装置是连接所述散热片(4)和所述永磁体(3)的金属连接器(5)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述连接装置是螺钉(6)或螺栓或铆钉。
4.根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述散热片(4,10)沿所述转子轭(2)外侧(9)上的螺旋路径布置。
5.根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的发电机,其特征在于,湍流器(15)布置在两个相邻的磁体(14)之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述湍流器(15)呈锥形,并且其外端布置在所述磁体(14)与所述定子(12)之间的空气间隙中。
7.根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的发电机,其特征在于,所述发电机包括呈喇叭口状的指盘(23)。
8.一种风力涡轮机,包括权利要求1至7中任一项所述的发电机。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10187375A EP2445087B1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2010-10-13 | A generator, in particular for a wind turbine |
EP10187375 | 2010-10-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102447327A true CN102447327A (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
CN102447327B CN102447327B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
Family
ID=43875306
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201110309717.0A Active CN102447327B (zh) | 2010-10-13 | 2011-10-13 | 发电机 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120091723A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2445087B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102447327B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2754524A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2445087T3 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104806458A (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-07-29 | 西门子公司 | 冷却机构 |
CN109842226A (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-04 | 浙江大学 | 风力发电机 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102852737A (zh) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏中蕴风电科技有限公司 | 风力发电用流体增速管道 |
EP3588751B1 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-01-27 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S | Generator of a wind turbine having an air flow adaptor |
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2010
- 2010-10-13 EP EP10187375A patent/EP2445087B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-10-13 DK DK10187375.0T patent/DK2445087T3/da active
-
2011
- 2011-10-03 US US13/251,423 patent/US20120091723A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-11 CA CA2754524A patent/CA2754524A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-13 CN CN201110309717.0A patent/CN102447327B/zh active Active
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US6653759B1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2003-11-25 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Coil support finger plate for stator of power generator and associated methods |
FR2838252A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-10 | Leroy Somer Moteurs | Machine electrique, notamment generatrice pour eolienne, comportant des ailettes de refroisissement s'etendant sensiblement perpendiculairement a l'axe de rotation du rotor |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104806458A (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-07-29 | 西门子公司 | 冷却机构 |
CN104806458B (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2020-01-07 | 西门子歌美飒可再生能源公司 | 冷却机构 |
CN109842226A (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-04 | 浙江大学 | 风力发电机 |
CN109842226B (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江大学 | 风力发电机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102447327B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
DK2445087T3 (da) | 2013-01-21 |
CA2754524A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 |
US20120091723A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
EP2445087B1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
EP2445087A1 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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