CN102440112A - Movable shovel type potato excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and relates to a potato excavator matched with a tractor. At present, the potato excavator mainly adopts the fixed shovel excavation method, which has problems such as large traction consumption, poor soil crushing performance, serious congestion and poor soil and potato separation effect. The vibrating potato excavator has good soil crushing performance and small traction resistance, but the vibration of the whole machine is large, the potato damage rate is high during the separation process, and the reliability of the whole machine is low. The dynamic shovel potato excavator adopts a new type of dynamic shovel excavation mechanism. The reciprocating movement of the excavation shovel enhances the crushing capacity of excavated soil and potatoes, reduces traction resistance, improves the separation effect of soil and potatoes, and has high reliability of the mechanism. The lifting chain sieve separation mechanism is used to reduce the potato damage rate during the separation process, and the whole machine has high reliability. This machine is suitable for clay and clay loam soil with serious soil compaction, and can also be widely used in sandy soil and loess soil which are easy to cultivate.

Description

Moving Shovel Potato Digger

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and relates to a potato excavator matched with a tractor. the

Background technique

At present, the potato harvesters in my country mainly use fixed digging shovels. For loamy soils and clay textures with severe soil compaction, the angle of digging shovels can only be adjusted according to the soil texture. The function of crushing soil is poor, and the working resistance is large, which cannot solve the problem of digging up large clods. , resulting in different degrees of clogging of potato harvesters, poor separation effect of soil and potatoes, low rate of clear potatoes, high rate of damaged potatoes and high loss rate. The vibrating potato excavator has good soil crushing performance and small traction resistance, but the vibration of the whole machine is large, the potato damage rate is high during the separation process, and the reliability of the whole machine is low. the

The purpose of the present invention is to drive the eccentric wheel through the output shaft of the gearbox to drive the connecting rod to move, and under the action of the connecting rod and the connecting rod, the excavating shovel reciprocates. The reciprocating motion of the digging shovel breaks up the soil and potato diggings, reduces the traction resistance, and increases the crushability of the soil. When the fixed digging shovel potato excavator is working, the digging shovel uses the principle of wedge to break the soil. When the shovel moves in the soil, in addition to its cutting effect, the shovel faces the soil with splitting, shearing and use. The function of bending and breaking breaks the solid soil and loosens the aggregate structure. This process consumes a lot of power, and the crushing and loosening effect on the heavy and compacted soil is not obvious, that is, the soil is poor in crushing, which makes the pressure of the subsequent separation of the soil and potatoes high, which affects the separation effect of the soil and potatoes. The moving shovel potato excavator uses an eccentric mechanism to drive the connecting rod to realize the reciprocating movement of the digging shovel, which improves the ability to destroy the soil, reduces the traction resistance, increases the crushing of the soil, and provides favorable conditions for the separation of soil and potatoes. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of movable shovel type potato excavator. The moving shovel potato excavator is mainly composed of an eccentric wheel, a connecting rod, a connecting rod and an excavating shovel. Rod movement, under the action of the connecting rod and the connecting rod, the excavating shovel reciprocates. Using the vibration of the excavating shovel improves the ability to destroy the soil, reduces the traction resistance, enhances the crushing property, and provides favorable conditions for the separation of soil and potatoes. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a top view of the mobile shovel potato excavator

Figure 2 is the front view of the mobile shovel potato excavator

1. Eccentric wheel 2. PTO shaft 3. Digging shovel 4. Connecting rod 5. Connecting rod 6. Transmission output shaft 7. Soil cutting disc 8. Connecting rod 9. Driving pulley 10. Belt 11. Lifting chain Sieve 12. Potato plate 13. Driven pulley 14. Frame 15. Gearbox 16. Baffle 17. Rubber skin 18. Ground wheel

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings for further details:

Embodiment 1, see figure, moving shovel type potato excavator, comprises eccentric wheel (1), power take-off shaft (2), digging shovel (3), connecting frame rod (4), connecting rod (5), gearbox output Shaft (6), soil cutting disc (7), connecting rod (8), driving pulley (9), belt (10), lifting chain sieve (11), gathering potato plate (12), driven pulley (13 ), frame (14), gearbox (15), baffle plate (16), rubber skin (17), ground wheel (18) etc. constitute. The rear end of the digging shovel (3) is connected with the connecting rod (5) of the vibration mechanism, and the connecting rod (5) is set on the eccentric wheel (1), and the eccentric wheel (1) passes through the power output shaft (2) through the gearbox ( 15) Driven by the outgoing power shaft (6), the rotary motion of the eccentric wheel (1) is realized; the front end of the excavating shovel is connected with the connecting rod (4), so that the excavating shovel (3) is driven by the rotation of the eccentric wheel (1) Next, the reciprocating vibration is realized. the

Through the reciprocating excavating shovel, the ability to destroy the soil is improved, the traction resistance is reduced, the crushing property of the soil is increased, and favorable conditions are provided for the separation of soil and potatoes. the

Embodiment 2, see figure, the moving shovel type potato excavator is mainly carried out excavating work by the combination mode that the moving shovel mechanism and the lifting chain sieve type separation mechanism combine. The moving shovel mechanism is composed of an eccentric wheel, a connecting rod, a connecting rod and an excavating shovel. The lifting chain sieve type separation mechanism is composed of cast rubber drive wheel, rod chain, baffle, baffle skin and potato board. The reciprocating motion of the shovel breaks up the earth and potato diggings, reduces the traction resistance and increases the crushability of the soil. The soil cutting disc installed at the front mainly cuts off weeds, potato stems and soil clods. After the shovel lifts the soil to the bottom of the lifting chain sieve, the soil and potatoes are separated under the conveying action of the chain sieve, and the small pieces of soil fall through the gap between the chain bars, and the large soil and potato pieces are transported and flattened to the ground . The frame baffles on both sides of the lifting chain screen are equipped with rubber skins to reduce the collision strength between the potato pieces and the baffles and reduce the damage rate. Finally, the potato gathering board installed at the tail is to spread the separated potatoes to the center of the excavated ridge, so as not to fall to the two sides and be crushed by the tractor wheels. the

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range. the

Claims (1)

1. The main structure of the moving shovel potato excavator includes: eccentric wheel (1), power output shaft (2), digging shovel (3), connecting frame rod (4), connecting rod (5), gearbox output shaft ( 6), soil cutting disc (7), connecting rod (8), driving pulley (9), belt (10), lifting chain sieve (11), gathering potato plate (12), driven pulley (13), Frame (14), gearbox (15), baffle plate (16), rubber skin (17), ground wheel (18) etc. constitute. The rear end of the digging shovel (3) is connected with the connecting rod (5) of the vibration mechanism, and the connecting rod (5) is set on the eccentric wheel (1), and the eccentric wheel (1) passes through the power output shaft (2) through the gearbox ( 15) Driven by the outgoing power shaft (6), the rotary motion of the eccentric wheel (1) is realized; the front end of the excavating shovel is connected with the connecting rod (4), so that the excavating shovel (3) is driven by the rotation of the eccentric wheel (1) Next, the reciprocating vibration is realized. The movable shovel type potato excavator as claimed in the claims is characterized in that: the described movable shovel type potato excavator is mainly composed of eccentric wheel (1), connecting rod (8), connecting frame rod (4) and digging shovel (3) A four-bar mechanism is formed to drive the eccentric wheel (1) through the transmission output shaft (6) and drive the connecting rod (8) to move. Under the action of the connecting rod (8) and the connecting rod (4), the excavating shovel (3 ) do reciprocating motion.

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