CN102435541A - Time domain reflection technology-based moisture transport measuring device - Google Patents
Time domain reflection technology-based moisture transport measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102435541A CN102435541A CN2011103565503A CN201110356550A CN102435541A CN 102435541 A CN102435541 A CN 102435541A CN 2011103565503 A CN2011103565503 A CN 2011103565503A CN 201110356550 A CN201110356550 A CN 201110356550A CN 102435541 A CN102435541 A CN 102435541A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time domain reflection technology-based moisture transport measuring device. The device comprises a soil accommodating cylinder, a water accommodating base, a technical data report (TDR) soil moisture quick measurer and a water supply device, wherein a soil body sample is filled in the soil accommodating cylinder; the bottom end of the soil accommodating cylinder is matched with the top end of the water accommodating base; the middle part of the water accommodating base is a cavity; a water-permeable support component is arranged in the cavity; a water inlet pipe and a water level observing pipe are arranged outside the water accommodating base; the TDR soil moisture quick measurer comprises a probe, a wire and a host; the probe is embedded in the soil body sample of the soil accommodating cylinder; one end of the wire is connected with the probe; the other end passes through a through hole on the wall surface of the soil accommodating cylinder and can be connected with the host; the water supply device comprises a water supply tank and a base plate; the water supply tank is positioned above the base plate; an elastic bearing device is connected between the water supply tank and the base plate; and the water outlet of the water supply tank is connected with the water inlet pipe of the water accommodating base by a conduit. The moisture content in the soil body can be accurately measured in real time by the moisture transport measuring device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the measurement mechanism in the Geotechnical Engineering, specifically, relate to a kind of water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
Background technology
In the ground design of engineerings such as highway, airport, dam, how the relatively stable of soil body moisture preserved moisture, kept to waterproof is very crucial problem.Water translocation is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the soil, is a key factor of considering emphatically in the engineering design.For example in High-Grade Highway Subgrade, the water translocation meeting causes the subgrade soils moisture absorption softening, causes the intensity of roadbed to reduce or unstability, and then influences the permanance and the usability of pavement structure.The migration of moisture makes the soil of different depth have different water percentage, and the water percentage of soil changes along with WATER LEVEL CHANGES.The variation of therefore, how accurately to measure water translocation and water cut becomes a question of substance in the controlling Design process.
At present; China concentrates on irrigation and water conservancy department mostly to the applied research of water translocation, and survey region is confined to soil salinization area and season freeze thawing district more; Adopt comparatively simple vertical tube method to carry out the measurement of capillary water height as the one of which; Test after promptly burying the body sample that bankets with the small-bore round tube, though this apparatus structure is simple, water translocation and the soil body water cut measured are not accurate enough.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: technical matters to be solved by this invention is; A kind of water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology is provided; This water translocation measurement mechanism can be measured the water cut in the soil body in real time, accurately, for the design of engineering foundations such as highway, airport, dam provides basic data.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology, this water translocation measurement mechanism comprises soil-containing tube, the base that is filled with water, TDR soil moisture tacheometer and water supply installation, wherein,
Be filled with soil body sample in the described soil-containing tube, the top of soil-containing tube is provided with gland bonnet, and the bottom of soil-containing tube is an opening, and matching with the top of the base that is filled with water in the bottom of soil-containing tube, radially is provided with through hole on the barrel of soil-containing tube;
The top of the described base that is filled with water is an opening; The be filled with water middle part of base is a cavity; In the cavity of base that is filled with water, be provided with permeable support component; The top of permeable support component is provided with filtering layer, and the outside of the base that is filled with water is provided with water inlet pipe and water-level observation pipe, and the be filled with water cavity of base of this water inlet pipe and water-level observation Guan Junyu communicates;
Described TDR soil moisture tacheometer comprises probe, lead and main frame, and probe is embedded in the soil body sample of soil-containing tube, and an end of lead links to each other with probe, and the other end passes the through hole on the soil-containing tube wall, can be connected with the main frame that is positioned at the soil-containing tube outside;
Described water supply installation comprises water tank and chassis, and supply tank is positioned at the top, chassis, and is connected with resilient supporting unit between supply tank and the chassis; Fill water in the supply tank, its wall is provided with water delivering orifice; The water delivering orifice of supply tank is connected through conduit with the water inlet pipe of the base that is filled with water.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. can measure the water cut of soil body sample in real time, accurately.In the present technique scheme, the water translocation measurement mechanism comprises soil-containing tube, the base that is filled with water, TDR soil moisture tacheometer and water supply installation.Underfeed water source at soil-containing tube; So that the soil body sample in the soil-containing tube is carried out moisture penetration; The depth through soil body sample color in the soil-containing tube changes; Can obtain the interior moisture lifting height of different time comparatively accurately; And utilizing the probe be embedded in the TDR soil moisture tacheometer in the soil body sample, the main frame through TDR soil moisture tacheometer can be accurately, the water cut and the situation of change thereof of real-time each position of measurement soil body sample, for the ground design of engineerings such as highway, airport, dam provides basic data.With compare measuring again after prior art is taken out the soil body sample of each position in the soil-containing tube, the water cut that the present technique scheme is measured soil body sample is more in time, accurately.
2. for soil body sample constant hydraulic pressure is provided.In the present technique scheme, water supply installation comprises water tank and chassis, is connected with resilient supporting unit between supply tank and the chassis.When supply tank when soil-containing tube is supplied with water, the water in the supply tank reduces, resilient supporting unit can move up, supply tank also rises thereupon, thereby guarantees that the soil body sample of water supply installation in soil-containing tube provides constant hydraulic pressure, promptly the water level in the soil-containing tube is constant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the another kind of putting position of middle probe of the present invention.
Wherein, soil-containing tube 1, soil-containing tube joint 101, the base 2 that is filled with water, TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3, probe 301, lead 302, main frame 303, water supply installation 4, water tank 401, chassis 402, soil body sample 5, gland bonnet 6, permeable support component 7, filtering layer 8, water inlet pipe 9, water-level observation pipe 10, resilient supporting unit 11, ring flange 12.
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing that technical scheme of the present invention at length is described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology of the present invention comprises soil-containing tube 1, the base 2 that is filled with water, TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 and water supply installation 4.Be filled with soil body sample 5 in the soil-containing tube 1.The present invention measures the water cut that is filled in soil body sample 5 in the soil-containing tube 1.The top of soil-containing tube 1 is provided with gland bonnet 6.Gland bonnet 6 is set prevents water evaporates in the capillary water process of osmosis, in order to avoid it is inaccurate to cause soil body sample 5 permeability parameters to measure.The bottom of soil-containing tube 1 is an opening, matches with the top of the base 2 that is filled with water in the bottom of soil-containing tube 1.Radially be provided with through hole on the barrel of soil-containing tube 1.The be filled with water top of base 2 is an opening, and the middle part of the base 2 that is filled with water is a cavity.In the cavity of base 2 that is filled with water, be provided with permeable support component 7.In civil engineering work, permeable support component 7 preferred permeable stones.The diameter of permeable stone is less than the internal diameter of soil-containing tube 1, so that the water in the base 2 that is filled with water can see through permeable stone, thereby soil body sample 5 is produced capillary percolation.The top of permeable support component 7 is provided with filtering layer 8.Filtering layer 8 is set prevents that the soil body sample 5 from stopping up permeable support component 7, causes moisture normally not infiltrate through in the soil body sample 5.In civil engineering work, preferred filter paper is filtering layer 8.The be filled with water outside of base 2 is provided with water inlet pipe 9 and water-level observation pipe 10.Water inlet pipe 9 all communicates with the cavity of the base 2 that is filled with water with water-level observation pipe 10.Water-level observation pipe 10 can be set the water supply of different water levels to different soil body sample 5.(the English full name Time-Domain of TDR Reflecometry, Chinese full name is a time domain reflectometry to TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3, the unified in the text TDR that abbreviates as.) TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 comprises probe 301, lead 302 and main frame 303.Probe 301 is embedded in the soil body sample 5 of soil-containing tube 1.One end of lead 302 links to each other with probe 301, and the other end passes the through hole on soil-containing tube 1 wall, can be connected with the main frame 303 that is positioned at soil-containing tube 1 outside.Water supply installation 4 comprises water tank 401 and chassis 402.Supply tank 401 is positioned at 402 tops, chassis, and is connected with resilient supporting unit 11 between supply tank 401 and the chassis 402.Fill water in the supply tank 401, its wall is provided with water delivering orifice.The water inlet pipe 9 of the water delivering orifice of supply tank 401 and the base 2 that is filled with water is connected through conduit.
When the water translocation measurement mechanism of this structure is installed, at first, permeable stone is filled in the inner chamber of the base 2 that is filled with water, and above permeable stone, places filter paper; Then, the bottom of soil-containing tube 1 and the top of the base 2 that is filled with water are connected through ring flange; Then; In soil-containing tube 1, fill soil body sample 5, with beater evenly, compacting successively, and to cut a hole hair between each layer; And imbed the probe 301 of TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 at predetermined height; One end of lead 302 links to each other with probe 301, and the other end passes the through hole on soil-containing tube 1 wall, is connected with main frame 303; Soil body sample 5 bury complete after, on the top of soil-containing tube 1 gland bonnet 6 is set, prevent the water evaporates in the soil body sample 5; Subsequently, in supply tank 401, be filled with water, connect through resilient supporting unit 11 between supply tank 401 and the chassis 402, the water inlet pipe of the water delivering orifice of supply tank 401 and the base 2 that is filled with water 9 is connected through conduit.
When using the water translocation measurement mechanism of this structure; The height of water level of water-level observation pipe 10 is set as requested; Regulate the height of water level of 401 li of supply tanks through water-level observation pipe 10, the water in the supply tank 401 flows via a conduit in the permeable stone in the base 2 that is filled with water, and water sees through filter paper again from permeable stone; Get in the soil body sample 5 of soil-containing tube 1, and permeate to top from the bottom of soil body sample 5.According to the distribution of the probe 301 in the TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3, can use TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 to measure the water cut and the situation of change thereof of the soil body sample 5 at different time and differing heights place, for engineering construction provides accurate data at soil body sample 5.After the water in the supply tank 401 flows out; Supply tank 401 overall weight that are filled with water alleviate; The resilient supporting unit 11 that is connected between supply tank 401 and the chassis 402 can be lax gradually, makes the height of supply tank 401 raise gradually, thereby guarantee that water supply installation 4 provides constant hydraulic pressure to the base 2 that is filled with water.
Further, described soil-containing tube 1 is made up of soil-containing tube joint 101, and is connected by ring flange 12 between the adjacent soil-containing tube joint 101.Wherein, the length of soil-containing tube joint 101 between 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres, for example can be 50 centimetres, 70 centimetres, 100 centimetres preferably.The length of soil-containing tube joint 101 is chosen in the reasonable range, both can be convenient to the installation and removal of soil-containing tube 1, guarantees soil-containing tube 1 maximum continuity, is convenient to after measuring end, remove soil body sample 5 in the soil-containing tube 1 simultaneously.The diameter of soil-containing tube joint 101 preferably 15 centimetres between the 30cm, for example can be 15 centimetres, 22 centimetres, 30 centimetres.This both can guarantee in soil-containing tube joint 101, to press the body sample 5 that bankets easy to operate, can ignore the boundary effect when moisture penetration takes place soil body sample 5 in the soil-containing tube joint 101 again.The wall thickness of soil-containing tube joint 101 for example can be 8 centimetres, 9 centimetres, 10 centimetres between 8 centimetres to 10 centimetres.The intensity that this can guarantee soil-containing tube joint 101 prevents in measuring process, to destroy.The spacing of diameter, height and the through hole of soil-containing tube joint 101 can be provided with according to the length of the probe 301 of TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3, and probe 301 length, embedding manner and quantity can be provided with through the precision of desired data.
Further, the internal face of described soil-containing tube 1 is provided with lubricating layer.Soil-containing tube 1 internal face is provided with lubricating layer, on the one hand can be conveniently stripped, can also prevent effectively on the other hand to take place to concentrate seepage flow at soil-containing tube 1 barrel, and influence the accuracy of measurement data.
Further, the through hole of soil-containing tube 1 is evenly arranged on the barrel of soil-containing tube 1, and the distance between the adjacent through-holes is 10 centimetres to 15 centimetres.Distance between the adjacent through-holes can be provided with according to the diameter of probe 301 and lead 302.The quantity of the probe 301 of TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 and the quantity of lead 302 equate with the quantity of the through hole of soil-containing tube 1 respectively, and the main frame 303 of TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 is one.When needs are measured the water cut of soil body sample 5 of certain position, only need landfill be connected with main frame 303 at the lead 302 of the probe 301 of this position and get final product.
Further, described resilient supporting unit 11 is made up of the stage clip that adopts matrix form to distribute.Stage clip becomes matrix form to distribute, and can make supply tank 401 and the connection between the chassis 402 in the water supply installation 4 firm, avoids supply tank 401 run-off the straights, influences the effect that water supply installation 4 provides constant water pressure.For example adopt four stage clips, be two arranged, two of every rows; Perhaps 6 stage clips are two arranged, three of every rows.
Further, described water-level observation pipe 10 is processed by the glass tube that can have an X-rayed with soil-containing tube 1.Soil-containing tube 1 is preferably processed by the glass that can have an X-rayed, is convenient to soil body sample 5 change color that rising causes to moisture and observes.Water-level observation pipe 10 is preferably processed by the glass that can have an X-rayed, is convenient to water level is observed.
Further, the probe 301 of described TDR soil moisture tacheometer 3 is level to be laid, and perhaps vertically lays.According to the precision of testing requirements, probe 301 is level to be laid, and perhaps vertically lays.As in Fig. 1, probe 301 is level and lays.In Fig. 2, probe 301 is vertical laying.
The protection core of this patent is, through TDR soil moisture tacheometer and soil-containing tube, the base that is filled with water, water supply installation are combined, the water cut of soil body sample is carried out in real time, is measured accurately.Through resilient supporting unit, get water supply installation and constant hydraulic pressure is provided simultaneously soil-containing tube.The routine that those skilled in the art carries out the present technique scheme, do not have creationary improvement, all belong to the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (10)
1. the water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology is characterized in that, this water translocation measurement mechanism comprises soil-containing tube (1), the base that is filled with water (2), TDR soil moisture tacheometer (3) and water supply installation (4), wherein,
Be filled with soil body sample (5) in the described soil-containing tube (1); The top of soil-containing tube (1) is provided with gland bonnet (6); The bottom of soil-containing tube (1) is an opening, and matching with the top of the base (2) that is filled with water in the bottom of soil-containing tube (1), radially is provided with through hole on the barrel of soil-containing tube (1);
The top of the described base that is filled with water (2) is an opening; The be filled with water middle part of base (2) is a cavity; In the cavity of the base that is filled with water (2), be provided with permeable support component (7); The top of permeable support component (7) is provided with filtering layer (8), and the outside of the base that is filled with water (2) is provided with water inlet pipe (9) and water-level observation pipe (10), and this water inlet pipe (9) and water-level observation pipe (10) all communicate with the cavity of the base that is filled with water (2);
Described TDR soil moisture tacheometer (3) comprises probe (301), lead (302) and main frame (303); Probe (301) is embedded in the soil body sample (5) of soil-containing tube (1); One end of lead (302) links to each other with probe (301); The other end passes the through hole on soil-containing tube (1) wall, can be connected with the main frame (303) that is positioned at soil-containing tube (1) outside;
Described water supply installation (4) comprises water tank (401) and chassis (402), and supply tank (401) is positioned at top, chassis (402), and is connected with resilient supporting unit (11) between supply tank (401) and chassis (402); Supply tank fills water in (401), and its wall is provided with water delivering orifice; The water inlet pipe (9) of the water delivering orifice of supply tank (401) and the base that is filled with water (2) is connected through conduit.
2. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that described soil-containing tube (1) is made up of soil-containing tube joint (101), and connect by ring flange (12) between the adjacent soil-containing tube joint (101) based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
3. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 2, it is characterized in that based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology, the length of described soil-containing tube joint (101) between 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres, the diameter of soil-containing tube joint (101) at 15 centimetres between the 30cm; The wall thickness of soil-containing tube joint (101) is between 8 centimetres to 10 centimetres.
4. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that the internal face of described soil-containing tube (1) is provided with lubricating layer based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
5. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that described permeable support component (7) is a permeable stone, the diameter of this permeable stone is less than the internal diameter of soil-containing tube (1).
6. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that the through hole of described soil-containing tube (1) is evenly arranged on the barrel of soil-containing tube (1), and the distance between the adjacent through-holes is 10 centimetres to 15 centimetres based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described water translocation measurement mechanisms based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology; It is characterized in that; The quantity of the probe (301) of described TDR soil moisture tacheometer (3) and the quantity of lead (302) equate with the quantity of the through hole of soil-containing tube (1) respectively, and the main frame (303) of TDR soil moisture tacheometer (3) is one.
8. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that described resilient supporting unit (11) is made up of the stage clip that adopts matrix form to distribute based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
9. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that described water-level observation pipe (10) and soil-containing tube (1) are processed by the glass tube that can have an X-rayed based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
10. according to the described water translocation measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that the probe (301) of described TDR soil moisture tacheometer (3) is level to be laid, and perhaps vertically lays based on the Time Domain Reflectometry law technology.
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Application publication date: 20120502 |