CN102433141A - 用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置 - Google Patents
用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102433141A CN102433141A CN2011103298095A CN201110329809A CN102433141A CN 102433141 A CN102433141 A CN 102433141A CN 2011103298095 A CN2011103298095 A CN 2011103298095A CN 201110329809 A CN201110329809 A CN 201110329809A CN 102433141 A CN102433141 A CN 102433141A
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- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003467 diminishing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 208000002925 Dental Caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，包括一个圆柱状壳体，壳体的两端设置有封盖，壳体中心轴的垂直面的上侧部设置有偏心进料口，壳体中心轴的垂直面的下侧部设置有偏心出料口，壳体中沿轴向穿设有旋转轴，旋转轴的两端分别穿设在封盖的中心部位，并且旋转轴的一端与驱动装置相连接，旋转轴上设置有若干片叶片，旋转轴旋转时至少有两片叶片将进料口和出料口隔断，旋转轴旋转一周的时间内，进料口的进料量不大于叶片旋转一周所形成的容积。本发明适用于生物质炭化炉，其能防止外部空气从炭化室的进料口和出料口进入炭化室，保证了炭化室内的无氧或缺氧环境，从而有效地提高生物质原料在炭化时的效果和炭化质量。
Description
用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及到一种用于生物质炭化炉进料或出料处的导料装置。 背景技术
[0002] 生物质能占世界能源总消耗的14%，仅次于石油、煤炭和天然气，位居第4位。作为可再生能源其具有低硫、低氮、高挥发份、高灰焦活性、零CO2净排放等特点，在能源利用和环境保护方面具有独特的优势。
[0003] 生物质炭化技术是一种很有发展前景的生物质能源化利用技术。目前所使用的螺旋输送和链板输送式等生物质炭化炉一般包括燃烧室及设置在燃烧室上方的炭化室，在炭化室进口和出口配置相应的进料和出料装置。工作时，生物质原料由进料口经进料装置进入炭化室，利用燃烧室产生的高温烟气通过间接加入热方式加热炭化室内的生物质原料， 在炭化室高温及无氧环境下进行生物质炭化，炭化后的生物质炭经出料装置由出料口排出。目前使用的炭化室的进料和出料装置一般采用敞开式结构，从而造成外部空气较容易从进料口和出料口进入炭化室内，因此难以保证炭化室中为无氧或缺氧环境，从而降低生物质原料在炭化时的效果和炭化产品质量。此外，目前使用的进料和出料装置还存在卡料及加料与出料不均等缺陷。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种能密封性好、进出料均勻，能保证炭化室无氧或缺氧环境的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置。
[0005] 本发明采用的技术方案是：用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，包括一个圆柱状壳体， 壳体的两端设置有封盖，壳体中心轴的垂直面的上侧部设置有偏心进料口，壳体中心轴的垂直面的下侧部设置有偏心出料口，所述壳体中沿轴向穿设有旋转轴，旋转轴的两端分别穿设在封盖的中心部位，并且旋转轴的一端与驱动装置相连接，旋转轴上设置有若干片叶片，旋转轴旋转时至少有两片叶片将进料口和出料口隔断，旋转轴旋转一周的时间内，进料口的进料量不大于叶片旋转一周所形成的容积。
[0006] 所述壳体上还设置有偏心进料管和偏心出料管，进料管设置在进料口处，出料管设置在出料口处，所述进料管中设置有导流板，导流板的板缘分别与进料管上部和两端壁相连接，且导流板与进料管上端面间夹角为3(Γ55°，在进料管内部形成一个自上而下口径逐渐缩小的进料通道。
[0007] 所述导流板的底部与叶片外圆旋转轨迹之间存在间隙。
[0008] 所述叶片沿环向均勻设置在旋转轴上。
[0009] 本发明的有益效果是：上述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，其结构简单、使用方便、成本低廉，而且不会出现卡料现象。其旋转轴旋转时至少有两片叶片将进料口和出料口隔断，从而可以防止外部空气进入炭化室，保证了炭化室的无氧或缺氧环境，从而提高生物质原料在炭化时的效果和炭化产品质量。附图说明
[0010] 图1是本发明的立体结构示意图； 图2是本发明的轴剖结构图；
图3是图2中A-A方向的剖视结构示意图；
图中：1、壳体，2、进料口，3、出料口，4、旋转轴，5、密封圈，6、电机，7、叶片，8、第一腔体， 9、第二腔体，10、第三腔体，11、第四腔体，12、进料管，13、出料管，14、导流板，15、进料通道，
16、封盖，a、导流板与进料管上部的法兰面间角度。
具体实施方式
[0011] 下面通过具体实施例对本发明生物质炭化炉的进料装置作进一步的详细描述。
[0012] 如图1、图2所示，生物质炭化炉中的进料与出料装置，包括一个圆柱状壳体1，壳体1的两端设置有封盖16，壳体1中心轴的垂直面的上侧部设置有偏心进料口 2，壳体1中心轴的垂直面的下侧部设置有偏心出料口 3，所述壳体1中沿轴向穿设有旋转轴4，旋转轴4 的两端分别穿设在封盖16的中心部位，旋转轴4的两端分别通过密封圈5与封盖16密封连接并且旋转轴4的一端与电机6相连接，旋转轴4上沿环向均勻设置有若干片叶片7，旋转轴4旋转时至少有两片叶片7将进料口 2和出料口 3隔断，旋转轴4旋转一周的时间内， 进料口 2的进料量不大于叶片7旋转一周所形成的容积。如图3所示，本实施例中的旋转轴4上沿环向均勻设置有四片叶片7，四片叶片7与壳体1的内壁之间形成四个腔体，分别为第一腔体8、第二腔体9、第三腔体10和第四腔体11。
[0013] 作为优先方式，所述壳体1上还设置有偏心进料管12和偏心出料管13，进料管12 设置在进料口 2处，出料管13设置在出料口 3处，所述进料管12中设置有导流板14，导流板14的板缘分别与进料管12上部和两端壁相连接，且导流板14与进料管12上端面间角度a为3(Γ55°，从而在进料管12内部形成一个自上而下口径逐渐缩小的进料通道15，导流板14的底部与叶片7旋转外圆轨迹之间存在间隙。
[0014] 本装置在进出口均采用偏心设计，同时，还在加料器的进口设置一块导流板14，该导流板14与进口法兰面成一定的角度，导流板14上部边缘与进料管12上端面相齐平，底部边缘与星型加料器圆周相交。上述设计方案不仅对进出加料装置的原料起到导流作用， 避免了物料在星型叶片7与壳体1间的卡壳现象，而且由导流板14与壳体1形成的空间还增加了物料存量，起到了密封作用。
[0015] 导流板14防止卡料的工作原理如下：当物料从进料口 2进入进料管12中，在导流板14的作用下，物料经过进料通道15后落入图2所示的第一腔体8的右侧，由于进料通道 15的下部口径较小，当第一腔体8的右侧堆积一定量的物料后，物料不会再继续进入第一腔体8中，从而使第一腔体8的左侧存在一定无料的空间，当旋转轴4旋转时，位于第一腔体8中的物料会在重力的作用下向下滑落，此时第一腔体8的上部为无料的空间，此部分无料的空间正处于叶片7旋转过进料口 2后与壳体1的接触点上，从而物料不会卡在此接触点上而造成卡料现象。
[0016] 当将上述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置在使用时，只需将其出料口 3设置在炭化室的物料进口处，以本实施例为例，物料不断地从壳体1的进料口 2进入壳体1并且落入第一腔体8中，此时第二腔体9及第四腔体11均为密封的腔体，将进料口 2和出料口 3隔断，从而可以防止外部空气进入生物质炭化炉，电机6驱动旋转轴4及叶片7顺时针转动， 当第一腔体8旋转至图2中的第二腔体9位置时，第一腔体8及第三腔体10均为密封的腔体，将进料口 2和出料口 3隔断，当第一腔体8旋转至图2中的第三腔体10位置时，第四腔体11及第二腔体9为密封的腔体，将进料口 2和出料口 3隔断，从而可以防止外部空气进入炭化室，使炭化室中为无氧环境，从而提高生物质原料在炭化时的效果。
[0017] 另外，上述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置同样可以设置在生物质炭化炉的物料出口处，只需将其进料口 2与生物质炭化炉的物料出口相连接，其原理与上述原理相同，不再赘述，从而可以防止外部空气从炭化室的物料出口处进入生物质炭化炉中，从而保证了炭化室的无氧或缺氧环境。
[0018] 上述的实施例仅例示性说明本发明创造的原理及其功效，以及部分运用的实施例，而非用于限制本发明；应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，包括一个圆柱状壳体，壳体的两端设置有封盖，壳体中心轴的垂直面的上侧部设置有偏心进料口，壳体中心轴的垂直面的下侧部设置有偏心出料口，其特征在于：所述壳体中沿轴向穿设有旋转轴，旋转轴的两端分别穿设在封盖的中心部位，并且旋转轴的一端与驱动装置相连接，旋转轴上设置有若干片叶片，旋转轴旋转时至少有两片叶片将进料口和出料口隔断，旋转轴旋转一周的时间内，进料口的进料量不大于叶片旋转一周所形成的容积。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，其特征在于：所述壳体上还设置有偏心进料管和偏心出料管，进料管设置在进料口处，出料管设置在出料口处，所述进料管中设置有导流板，导流板的板缘分别与进料管上部和两端壁相连接，且导流板与进料管上端面间夹角为3(Γ55°，在进料管内部形成一个自上而下口径逐渐缩小的进料通道。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，其特征在于：所述导流板的底部与叶片外圆旋转轨迹之间存在间隙。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于生物质炭化炉的导料装置，其特征在于：所述叶片沿环向均勻设置在旋转轴上。
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| CN109333733A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-15 | 靖州县金心笔业有限责任公司 | 一种用于铅笔生产的炭化设备 |
| CN109519918A (zh) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-03-26 | 淮北市大金矿山机器有限责任公司 | 一种循环流化床锅炉给煤装置 |
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| CN109333733A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-15 | 靖州县金心笔业有限责任公司 | 一种用于铅笔生产的炭化设备 |
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