CN102425783B - Direct afterheat recycling system of water-cooled steam turbine for introducing steam exhaust into heat pump in tandem type - Google Patents
Direct afterheat recycling system of water-cooled steam turbine for introducing steam exhaust into heat pump in tandem type Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an afterheat recycling method of a water-cooled steam turbine for introducing steam exhaust into a heat pump in tandem type, belonging to the field of steam exhaust afterheat recycling combined heat and power generation and aiming at solving the problem of how to introduce steam exhaust into an absorption type heat pump so as to realize higher efficiency afterheat recycling under the condition that a steam exhaust connecting pipe between an exhaust port of a water-cooled steam turbine and a condenser is generally tighter; an airtight partition plate is arranged at thelower part of the interior of the original steam exhaust connecting pipe; meanwhile, openings are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate on the side surfaceof the steam exhaust connecting pipe, wherein the opening at the upper side is used for introducing steam exhaust into an inlet of an evaporator of an absorption type heat pump; an outlet of the evaporator is connected with the opening at the lower side; then steam exhaust downwards enters a steam exhaust inlet of a water-cooled condenser, thereby the absorption type heat pump and the water-cooled condenser form a tandem connection relationship in the steam exhaust condensing process; the annual operation adjustment of a heat supply system and the reliable steam exhaust condensing process canbe conveniently realized; and compared with the conventional indirect afterheat recycling mode of extracting afterheat from cooling water, the afterheat recycling method has the advantages that higher operating efficiency and energy saving economic benefits are realized.
Description
Technical field
The exhaust steam residual heat that the invention belongs to based on absorption heat exchange reclaims cogeneration of heat and power field, particularly the water-cooled turbine residual neat recovering system of the in-line introducing absorption heat pump of exhaust steam.
Background technology
The main system form of present Chinese northern area heating is: cogeneration of heat and power, district boiler room and dispersion heating respectively account for about 1/3, wherein the primary energy utilization ratio is the highest, emission reduction effect is best, economy the most rational cogeneration of heat and power apply the restriction that is subjected to being difficult to expand on a large scale factors such as heat supply network scale and heat capacity thereof, need badly and take better technology path and policy planning to be promoted.Exhaust steam residual heat reclaims and the relevant patented technology of great temperature difference heat supply by carrying out based on absorption heat exchange of creatively developing of Tsing-Hua University building energy conservation research center, can be implemented in steam power plant adopts absorption heat pump to reclaim the exhaust steam in steam turbine waste heat for central heating, can make steam power plant's efficiency of energy utilization improve 15～25%, and significantly enlarge its heat capacity.This technology has been applied to engineering practice and has obtained good effects of energy saving and emission reduction and economic benefit.
The mode that adopts absorption heat pump to realize that exhaust steam residual heat reclaims comprises the direct recovery of exhaust steam and reclaims two kinds indirectly.Fig. 1 is the water-cooled co-generation unit structure principle chart of the indirect way of recycling of exhaust steam residual heat of routine, and this system mainly is made up of water-cooled condenser 1, original exhaust steam tube connector 2, steam turbine 6, generator 7, absorption heat pump 9, water-cooled cooling tower 10 and cooling water cycle water pump 11; Wherein, generator 7 links to each other with steam turbine 6, and steam turbine 6 links to each other with water-cooled condenser 1 by exhaust steam tube connector 2, links to each other with absorption heat pump 9 by pipeline; Absorption heat pump 9 constitutes closed circuit with water-cooled condenser 1 and cooling water cycle water pump 11, and water-cooled condenser 1 also constitutes the loop with water-cooled cooling tower 10 and cooling water cycle water pump 11.The indirect way of recycling of this waste heat is: the evaporimeter that is fed to absorption heat pump 9 by the cooling circulating water of water-cooled condenser 1 heating carries out heat release, and by absorption heat pump 9 with its transfer of heat to once being used in the net backwater, so exhaust steam residual heat is recovered utilization indirectly by cooling circulating water.
Another kind is the water-cooled co-generation unit of the direct way of recycling of exhaust steam, with Fig. 1 difference be, in the direct way of recycling of this waste heat, the evaporimeter that steam turbine 6 exhaust steam are directly sent into absorption heat pump 9 by exhaust steam tube connector 2 carries out heat release, and by absorption heat pump 9 with its transfer of heat to once being used in the net backwater.But the condenser of this exhaust steam in steam turbine cooling system is to adopt air cooling island mode, because it has long circular fairlead usually, is convenient to arrange electric butterfly valve and carries out exhaust steam assignment of traffic and control, therefore can realize adopting the direct way of recycling of this exhaust steam.But the water-cooled co-generation unit for the employing water-cooled condenser of routine, then owing to there is not this pipe deriving structure, and site space is comparatively compact usually, may adopt usual way directly to draw exhaust steam hardly, therefore can't implement direct way of recycling.
Both comparatively speaking, the former is owing to need at first exhaust steam residual heat to be transferred in the cooling water, send into absorption heat pump by cooling water again and carry out waste heat recovery, consequently lost 10～15 ℃ heat transfer temperature difference, this will bring following adverse effect: cause the evaporating temperature of absorption heat pump to decline to a great extent, cause the heating capacity of same heat pump main frame to descend, heating efficiency descends, the temperature rise of heated once net backwater in heat pump significantly reduces, add exhaust steam residual heat proportion decline in the heat, the ratio that is recovered utilization in the exhaust steam total amount descends, absorbing the needed main engine bed number of same exhaust steam amount greatly increases, initial cost and the significantly increase that takes up room, energy-saving benefit and economic well-being of workers and staff decline to a great extent, the modification scheme PRACTICE OF DESIGN of many actual steam power plants co-generation unit proves that exhaust steam yield and the energy-saving benefit thereof of this dual mode can differ more than 2 times.Therefore, should preferentially select for use exhaust steam directly to enter absorption heat pump under possible situation carries out the mode of waste heat recovery but not reclaims the indirect way of recycling of preheating by cooling water, the mode that the steam turbine circulatory system that particularly adopts the air cooling island to carry out the exhaust steam condensation can only select exhaust steam directly to reclaim.
But, built the co-generation unit with newly-built employing water-cooled exhaust steam cooling (comprising the direct current type of cooling and clammy mode) at present in a large number, owing to often be connected comparatively compactness between its steam turbine (low pressure (LP) cylinder) exhaust steam outlet and the water-cooled condenser, and have more and adopt rectangular duct or other special-shaped pipeline but not circular pipe connects, therefore be difficult to offer the exhaust steam outlet.And often also being difficult to arrange or set up large-scale valve is used for cut-out or regulates the exhaust steam flow to satisfy the requirement that absorption heat pump reclaims exhaust steam residual heat.Thus, for the co-generation unit, particularly large scale system that adopt the water-cooled condenser, almost can't realize directly drawing of exhaust steam, thereby have to adopt the mode of carrying out indirect waste heat recovery by cooling water.
Therefore, adopt the co-generation unit of water-cooled condenser to be necessary to seek exhaust steam residual heat recyclability, raising effects of energy saving and emission reduction and the economy thereof of brand-new exhaust steam outbound course to improve absorption heat pump.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art, propose a kind of exhaust steam tandem and introduce the direct recovery system of water-cooled turbine waste heat of heat pump, this system has set up the exhaust steam deriving structure, exhaust steam at first is incorporated into absorption heat pump carries out waste heat recovery, send the water-cooled condenser then back to the whole condensations of exhaust steam, solved the technical barrier that absorption heat pump is directly introduced in exhaust steam, realized that more high efficiency and recovery exhaust steam residual heat by a larger margin are used for heat supply and reduce steam power plant's heat consumption rate.
The direct recovery system specific descriptions of water-cooled turbine waste heat that exhaust steam tandem of the present invention is introduced heat pump are: this system mainly comprises water-cooled condenser, steam turbine, generator, absorption heat pump, water-cooled cooling tower and cooling water cycle water pump; It is characterized in that, also comprise the exhaust steam by-passing valve that is connected on the exhaust steam tube connector, and the inside of the vertical exhaust steam tube connector between described water-cooled turbine exhaust outlet and the water-cooled condenser and sidewall are provided with tandem exhaust steam ejector; Wherein, the steam turbine exhaust outlet links to each other with absorption heat pump, water-cooled condenser respectively by the exhaust steam by-passing valve; Steam turbine, absorption heat pump and water-cooled condenser constitute the waste heat recovery loop of condensing, steam turbine, exhaust steam by-passing valve and water-cooled condenser constitute the routine loop of condensing, and the water-cooled condenser also constitutes cooling water circulation loop with water-cooled cooling tower and cooling water cycle water pump; This tandem exhaust steam ejector comprises the seal diaphragm of the inside that is arranged on vertical tube connector, be positioned at the special-shaped exhaust steam outlet that the upper side tube wall of dividing plate is offered, be positioned at special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance that the side of the bottom tube wall of dividing plate is offered respectively, wherein special-shaped exhaust steam outlet links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump and the import of exhaust steam by-passing valve, the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump links to each other with special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance with the outlet of exhaust steam by-passing valve, the exhaust steam entrance of special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance and water-cooled condenser links to each other, and the condensate water of water-cooled condenser is sent to boiler.
The direct way of recycling of exhaust steam of the present invention is; When the exhaust steam in steam turbine of water-cooled steam power plant adopts absorption heat pump to carry out waste heat recovery, the side exhaust steam outlet on the dividing plate top of the exhaust steam of steam turbine 6 in above-mentioned tube connector 2 links to each other with the evaporimeter of absorption heat pump, be sent to the side plate openings of the lower partition of exhaust steam tube connector after the exhaust steam condensation heat release, behind the water-cooled condenser, be sent to boiler by condensate pump then, form the absorption heat pump of the relation that arranges of connecting and the connecting line of water-cooled condenser and be provided with flow divider valve group and the steam trap (performer that belongs to routine) that a plurality of motor-driven valves are formed, according to the thermic load demand of absorption heat pump and change the inflow temperature that to regulate cooling water, flow, thereby exchange capability of heat and the exhaust steam condensation number of adjusting condenser.
Above-mentioned seal diaphragm 3 can adopt flat or smooth curved surface formula structure.
Above-mentioned special-shaped exhaust steam outlet 5 can comprise the opening of one or more circles, square or irregular type, when this outlet during more than, each outlet links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump 9 after being aggregated into circular exhaust steam tube connector by its corresponding fairlead.
The structure of above-mentioned special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4 can comprise the opening of one or more circles, square, irregular type, when this entrance distributive pipe that its upstream links to each other with each entrance during more than all links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump 9.
Described exhaust steam by-passing valve 8 adopts electronic or manually-operated gate structure.
The condensate pump 14 that condenses on the return main adopts variable frequency pumps, and the cooling water cycle water pump 11 of described water-cooled condenser 1 adopts variable frequency pumps.
Native system also can be included on the cooling water loop of water-cooled condenser 1 Inlet and outlet water temperature sensor and flowmeter (not shown) are set.
The operation that mode is directly introduced in the exhaust steam of the absorption waste heat recovery of above-mentioned water-cooled steam power plant can realize by the routine techniques programming, simultaneously in conjunction with caused by weather conditions and user's heat demand for by the time variation of air conditioner load and the weather compensation technique of regulating in real time, form corresponding co-generation unit whole year operation adjustment curve, apparatus of the present invention and computer, temperature, pressure and the flow sensor etc. that store this operation adjusting program whole year operation that can realize system of the present invention that links to each other with each power-equipment and valve member actuator is regulated.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect;
The present invention is intended to how to be drawn out to for the exhaust steam that solves the co-generation unit that adopts the water-cooled condenser difficult problem of absorption heat pump, complete technical scheme and engineering construction device have been proposed, the absorption waste heat recovery scheme of the lower cooling water heat of the level that recovers energy of common employing and poor excessively effects of energy saving and emission reduction and economic benefit thereof have been avoided, can realize than higher waste heat recovery operational efficiency, its exhaust steam utilization and economic benefit can improve more than 1～2 times, farthest improve the comprehensive utilization of energy benefit of heat consumption rate and the whole cogeneration of heat and power central heating system of steam power plant thus, the absorption exhaust steam residual heat that is applicable to existing water-cooled co-generation unit reclaims reducing energy consumption, also be suitable for newly-built water-cooled co-generation unit, have the engineering practical value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the water-cooled co-generation unit structure principle chart that adopts the conventional indirect way of recycling of exhaust steam,
Fig. 2 is the direct recovery system composition of the water-cooled turbine waste heat schematic diagram that exhaust steam tandem of the present invention is introduced heat pump.
Each unit number and title are as follows among Fig. 1,2.
Water-cooled condenser 1, original exhaust steam tube connector 2, seal diaphragm 3, special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4, special-shaped exhaust steam outlet 5, steam turbine 6, generator 7, exhaust steam by-passing valve 8, absorption heat pump 9, water-cooled cooling tower 10, cooling water cycle water pump 11, condensate tank 12, steam trap 13, condensate pump 14.
The specific embodiment
The direct recovery system of water-cooled turbine waste heat of exhaust steam tandem introducing heat pump of the present invention reaches embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings and is described in detail as follows:
Exhaust steam tandem of the present invention is introduced the water-cooled turbine residual neat recovering system of absorption heat pump, as shown in Figure 2, this system mainly comprises the equipment identical with the co-generation unit of the employing water-cooled turbine circulatory system of routine: water-cooled condenser 1, steam turbine 6, generator 7, absorption heat pump 9, water-cooled cooling tower 10 and cooling water cycle water pump 11; It is characterized in that, also be included in the inside of the vertical exhaust steam tube connector 2 between described water-cooled turbine 6 exhaust outlets and the water-cooled condenser 1 and sidewall and be provided with tandem exhaust steam ejector and be connected on exhaust steam by-passing valve 8 on the exhaust steam tube connector; Wherein, generator 7 links to each other with steam turbine 6, and steam turbine 6 exhaust outlets link to each other with absorption heat pump 9, water-cooled condenser 1 respectively by the exhaust steam ejector; Steam turbine, absorption heat pump and water-cooled condenser constitute the waste heat recovery loop of condensing, steam turbine, exhaust steam by-passing valve and water-cooled condenser constitute the routine loop of condensing, and water-cooled condenser 1 also constitutes cooling water circulation loops with water-cooled cooling tower 10 and cooling water cycle water pump 11;
This tandem exhaust steam ejector specifically comprises the seal diaphragm 3 of the inside that is arranged on exhaust steam tube connector 2, be positioned at the special-shaped exhaust steam outlet 5 that the upper side tube wall of dividing plate 3 is offered, be positioned at special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4 that the side of the bottom tube wall of dividing plate 3 is offered respectively, wherein special-shaped exhaust steam outlet 5 links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump 9 and the import of exhaust steam by-passing valve 8, the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump 9 links to each other with special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4 with the outlet of exhaust steam by-passing valve 8, the exhaust steam entrance of special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4 and water-cooled condenser 1 links to each other, and the condensate water of water-cooled condenser 1 then is sent to boiler through condensate pump 14.
The direct way of recycling of exhaust steam of the present invention is; When the exhaust steam in steam turbine of water-cooled steam power plant adopts absorption heat pump to carry out waste heat recovery, the side exhaust steam outlet on the dividing plate top of the exhaust steam of steam turbine 6 in above-mentioned tube connector 2 links to each other with the evaporimeter of absorption heat pump, be sent to the side plate openings of the lower partition of exhaust steam tube connector after the exhaust steam condensation heat release, behind the water-cooled condenser, be sent to boiler by condensate pump then, form setting is made up of a plurality of motor-driven valves on the connecting line of absorption heat pump that series connection arranges relation and water-cooled condenser flow divider valve group and steam trap, according to the thermic load demand of absorption heat pump and change the inflow temperature that to regulate cooling water, flow, thereby exchange capability of heat and the exhaust steam condensation number of adjusting condenser.
Embodiments of systems of the invention and function are respectively described below:
Above-mentioned seal diaphragm 3 can adopt flat or smooth curved surface formula structure.
Above-mentioned special-shaped exhaust steam outlet 5 can comprise the opening of one or more circles, square, irregular type, when this outlet during more than, each outlet links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump 9 after being aggregated into circular exhaust steam tube connector by its corresponding fairlead.
The structure of above-mentioned special-shaped exhaust steam/condensate water entrance 4 can comprise the opening of one or more circles, square, irregular type, when this entrance distributive pipe that its upstream links to each other with each entrance during more than all links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump 9.
Described exhaust steam by-passing valve 8 adopts electronic or manually-operated gate structure.
The condensate pump 14 that condenses on the return main adopts variable frequency pumps, and the cooling water cycle water pump 11 of described water-cooled condenser 1 adopts variable frequency pumps.
Native system also can be included on the cooling water loop of water-cooled condenser 1 Inlet and outlet water temperature sensor and flowmeter (not shown) are set.
When the exhaust steam in steam turbine of water-cooled of the present invention steam power plant adopts absorption heat pump to carry out waste heat recovery, the side exhaust steam outlet on the dividing plate top of exhaust steam in steam turbine in the vertical tube connector of above-mentioned exhaust steam links to each other with the evaporimeter of absorption heat pump, be sent to the side plate openings of the lower partition of exhaust steam tube connector after the exhaust steam condensation heat release, behind the water-cooled condenser, be sent to boiler by condensate pump then, form on the connecting line of absorption heat pump that series connection arranges relation and water-cooled condenser flow divider valve group and the steam trap of being made up of a plurality of motor-driven valves (above-mentioned each parts all can adopt the realization of routine techniques means or conventional products) is set, according to the thermic load demand of absorption heat pump and change the inflow temperature that to regulate cooling water, flow, thereby exchange capability of heat and the exhaust steam condensation number of adjusting condenser.
The direct introducing method of exhaust steam of the absorption waste heat recovery of above-mentioned water-cooled steam power plant and the operation of device thereof can realize by programming, simultaneously in conjunction with caused by weather conditions and user's heat demand for by the time variation of air conditioner load and the weather compensation technique of regulating in real time, form corresponding co-generation unit whole year operation adjustment curve, with apparatus of the present invention and operation adjusting pattern and the computer that stores this operation adjusting program, the whole year operation adjusting that temperature, pressure and flow sensor etc. link to each other with each power-equipment and valve member actuator and can realize system of the present invention.
Need to prove; the present invention proposes and how to solve the water-cooled co-generation unit and carry out method and the implement device that the exhaust steam of exhaust steam residual heat when reclaiming is introduced directly into the problem of absorption heat pump; and according to this overall solution different concrete implementing measures and the concrete device for carrying out said of different structure can be arranged; the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is wherein a kind of, and other can all fall into protection scope of the present invention through the similar embodiment that simple distortion can design by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. the direct recovery system of water-cooled turbine waste heat of an exhaust steam tandem introducing heat pump mainly comprises water-cooled condenser, steam turbine, generator, absorption heat pump, water-cooled cooling tower and cooling water cycle water pump; It is characterized in that, also comprise the exhaust steam by-passing valve that is connected on the vertical exhaust steam tube connector, and the inside of the vertical exhaust steam tube connector between described water-cooled turbine exhaust outlet and the water-cooled condenser and sidewall are provided with tandem exhaust steam ejector; Wherein, the steam turbine exhaust outlet links to each other with absorption heat pump, water-cooled condenser respectively by the exhaust steam by-passing valve; Steam turbine, absorption heat pump and water-cooled condenser constitute the waste heat recovery loop of condensing, steam turbine, exhaust steam by-passing valve and water-cooled condenser constitute the routine loop of condensing, and the water-cooled condenser also constitutes cooling water circulation loop with water-cooled cooling tower and cooling water cycle water pump;
This tandem exhaust steam ejector comprises the seal diaphragm of the inside that is arranged on vertical exhaust steam tube connector, be positioned at the special-shaped exhaust steam outlet that the upper side tube wall of seal diaphragm is offered, be positioned at special-shaped exhaust steam entrance or condensate water entrance that the side of the bottom tube wall of seal diaphragm is offered respectively, wherein special-shaped exhaust steam outlet links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump and the import of exhaust steam by-passing valve, the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump links to each other with special-shaped exhaust steam entrance or condensate water entrance with the outlet of exhaust steam by-passing valve, the exhaust steam entrance of special-shaped exhaust steam entrance or condensate water entrance and water-cooled condenser links to each other, and the condensate water of water-cooled condenser is sent to boiler.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described seal diaphragm adopts flat or smooth curved surface formula structure.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described special-shaped exhaust steam outlet comprises the opening of one or more circles, square or irregular type, when this outlet during more than, each outlet links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source import of absorption heat pump after being aggregated into circular exhaust steam tube connector by its corresponding fairlead.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of described special-shaped exhaust steam entrance or condensate water entrance comprises the opening of one or more circles, square, irregular type, when this entrance during more than, the distributive pipe that its upstream links to each other with each entrance all links to each other with the evaporimeter low-temperature heat source outlet of absorption heat pump.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described exhaust steam by-passing valve adopts electronic or manually-operated gate structure.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described system also is included on the cooling water circulation loop of water-cooled condenser Inlet and outlet water temperature sensor and flowmeter are set.
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| CN 201110366315 CN102425783B (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2011-11-17 | Direct afterheat recycling system of water-cooled steam turbine for introducing steam exhaust into heat pump in tandem type |
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| CN 201110366315 CN102425783B (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2011-11-17 | Direct afterheat recycling system of water-cooled steam turbine for introducing steam exhaust into heat pump in tandem type |
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| CN102425783B true CN102425783B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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| CN115808029A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-17 | 河南沃克曼建设工程有限公司 | Waste steam waste heat recovery system of garbage power plant based on heat pump circulation |
| CN120313042A (en) * | 2025-05-09 | 2025-07-15 | 易快普(苏州)热能环保设备有限公司 | Cogeneration waste heat recovery equipment and control method |
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| GB1044832A (en) * | 1961-10-06 | 1966-10-05 | Richardsons Westgarth & Co | Improvements in or relating to feed-water heating systems |
| JP4294549B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2009-07-15 | 株式会社テイエルブイ | Condensate recovery device |
| CN101240909A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2008-08-13 | 清华大学 | A steam injection heat pump heating system for recovering condensate waste heat in thermal power plants |
| CN201568088U (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2010-09-01 | 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 | Absorption heat pump directly recovers steam turbine exhaust heat cogeneration system of power station |
| CN202403260U (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-08-29 | 北京中科华誉能源技术发展有限责任公司 | Water-cooled steam turbine waste heat direct recovery system capable of tandemly inducing exhaust steam to heat pump |
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Granted publication date: 20130918 Termination date: 20171117 |