CN102424904B - 采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法 - Google Patents
采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102424904B CN102424904B CN 201110441320 CN201110441320A CN102424904B CN 102424904 B CN102424904 B CN 102424904B CN 201110441320 CN201110441320 CN 201110441320 CN 201110441320 A CN201110441320 A CN 201110441320A CN 102424904 B CN102424904 B CN 102424904B
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- quenching
- 20crmo
- workpiece
- carburizing
- converted steel
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，包括如下工序：锻坯→机加工→调质处理→抛丸处理→机加工→渗碳淬火→回火→抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤：1）淬火：将工件加热至920±5℃，并保温90分钟后淬火；2）回火：将淬火后的工件加热至690±10℃，并保温150分钟后，水冷。通过采用对20CrMo渗碳钢进行调质处理来代替现有的正火处理工艺，不仅能够改善20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且更好地控制工件在后续渗碳淬火工序是的变形，保证工件的加工精度。
Description
采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种齿轮加工方法，具体的为一种采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法。
背景技术
[0002] 摩托车齿轮采用20CrMo渗碳钢制造，现有的加工摩托车齿轮的工序为:锻坯一机加一正火一抛丸一机加一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸,在这一工序中，对20CrMo渗碳钢进行正火，其目的是调整渗碳钢的显微组织和硬度，以改善切削加工性，并为后续的渗碳淬火做准
备。
[0003] 对20CrMo渗碳钢采用正火，可以消除网状碳化物，细化晶粒，改善材料的切削加工性能，减小后续渗碳淬火的变形。使用20CrMo渗碳钢材料制作摩托车从动齿轮时，正火处理后的硬度为160-207HBW，金相组织为小于等于三级的珠光体+铁素体。
[0004] 采用正火的热处理工艺虽然能够在一定程度上改善20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，然而在后续的渗碳淬火时，工件容易发生较大的变形。
[0005] 鉴于此，本发明为了能够更好地控制工件在渗碳淬火的变形，提出了一种采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，该摩托车齿轮制作方法还具有改善20CrMo渗碳钢切削加工性能的优点，能够满足生产需要。
发明内容
[0006] 本发明要解决的技术问题是提出一种采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，该摩托车齿轮制作方法不仅能够改善20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且更好地控制工件在后续渗碳淬火工序是的变形，保证工件的加工精度。
[0007] 要实现上述技术目的，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至920±5°C，并保温90分钟后淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至690±10°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷。
[0008] 进一步，所述工件淬火时的介质为淬火油。
[0009] 本发明的有益效果为:
[0010] 本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法中，20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺采用920±5°C的淬火温度，淬火后在690±10°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于690± 10°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了 20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提高产品质量。具体实施方式
[0011] 下面结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作详细说明。
[0012] 本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法为了得到更好地切削加工性能和减小在渗碳淬火工序中的变形，采用对20CrMo渗碳钢进行调质处理来代替现有的正火处理工艺，即摩托车齿轮制作工序为:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理。
[0013] 本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工—调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至920±5°C，并保温90分钟(时间最好也是有一个范围)后，采用淬火油淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至690±10°C，并保温150分钟(时间最好也是有一个范围)后，水冷。采用920±5°C的淬火温度，淬火后在690±10°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于690±10°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了 20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提高产品质量。
[0014] 下面通过具体实施例对本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法进行详细说明。
[0015] 第一实施例
[0016] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至920°C，并保温90分钟后，在淬火油中淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至690°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷，本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法的其他工序与现有的摩托车齿轮加工方法相同。
[0017] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法中，20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺采用920°C的淬火温度，淬火后在690°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于690°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提闻广品质量。
[0018] 第二实施例
[0019] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理 一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至925°C，并保温90分钟后，在淬火油中淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至700°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷，本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法的其他工序与现有的摩托车齿轮加工方法相同。
[0020] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法中，20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺采用925°C的淬火温度，淬火后在700°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于700°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提闻广品质量。
[0021] 第三实施例
[0022] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至915°C，并保温90分钟后，在淬火油中淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至680°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷，本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法的其他工序与现有的摩托车齿轮加工方法相同。
[0023] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法中，20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺采用915°C的淬火温度，淬火后在680°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于680°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提闻广品质量。
[0024] 第四实施例`
[0025] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法包括如下工序:锻坯一机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至923°C，并保温90分钟后，在淬火油中淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至695°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷，本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法的其他工序与现有的摩托车齿轮加工方法相同。
[0026] 本实施例采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法中，20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺采用923°C的淬火温度，淬火后在695°C的温度下进行高温回火，并水冷，由于695°C的回火温度接近20CrMo渗碳钢的奥氏体化温度，使得经调质处理后的20CrMo渗碳钢组织为均匀分布的索氏体，以及极少量托氏体和残余奥氏体，其硬度为170-217HBW，因此相对于现有的正火热处理工艺，本发明采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法不仅改善了20CrMo渗碳钢的切削加工性能，而且具有更好地机械性能，能够在后续的渗碳淬火工序中更好地控制工件的变形，使得工件的渗碳淬火变形更有规律性，使工件在冷加工过程中能保证加工精度，提闻广品质量。
[0027] 最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范 围当中。
Claims (2)
1.一种采用20CrMo渗碳钢制作摩托车齿轮的方法，其特征在于:包括如下工序:锻坯—机加工一调质处理一抛丸处理一机加工一渗碳淬火一回火一抛丸处理，且所述调质处理包括如下步骤:1)淬火:将工件加热至920-925°C，并保温90分钟后淬火；2)回火:将淬火后的工件加热至690±10°C，并保温150分钟后，水冷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的20CrMo渗碳钢调质处理工艺，其特征在于:所述工件淬火时的介质为淬火油。`
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