CN102424027A - Device and method for identifying passenger type and sitting posture based on sitting trace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for identifying the passenger type and sitting posture based on a sitting trace, which are used for the decision of an intelligent passenger restraining system in automobile passive safety. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring the dot matrix information of a sensing array according to a switching signal on a measurement sensor array to form the sitting trace of a passenger; comparing the dot matrix information with the typical dot matrix information of all kinds of passengers pre-stored in a memory; and identifying the passenger type most approaching to the dot matrix and the sitting posture of the passenger. In the invention, a switch array is used as a measurement sensor, thus the cost is low and the service life is long; any modification on the seat structure is not required, the device is convenient and quick to install and has a wide application range; and the device can be used as a real-time recorder for the hip movement of the passenger.

Description

Based on the passenger type of taking trace and sitting posture means of identification and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the passenger type on the automotive seat and take the gesture recognition apparatus and method,, be used for the decision-making of the intelligent occupant restrain system of vehicle passive safety according to its recognition result.And can be used as passenger's hip motion real-time recording instrument.

Background technology

When automobile crashed, safety strap, safety air bag were actv. passenger protection measures.But up to the present; Various countries are about the rules of passenger protection in the collision, and most only the regulation normally taken the protecting standard (protection that the United States Federal MVSR No. 208 increased 5 hundredths woman occupants and child passenger require) of attitude under certain impact strength to 50 hundredths male sex chaufeurs and occupant.

By normal seating position, the common gas-bag system of 50 hundredths male sex occupant design-calculateds; Very likely in expansion process, off normal occupant and little stature women or children are caused mortal injury; Not only do not have due protective effect; Also can become new injury source, therefore each big car company is all being studied later-model intelligent occupant restrain system at present, as adopts the safety air bag of multistage gas generator; Type through judging occupant on the seat and seating position carry out air bag system and open quick-fried decision-making; Different to 3 years old, 6 years old child passenger, 5 hundredths woman occupants and the occupant that offs normal according to impact strength, judge that by decision-making process the decision safety air bag is that excessive risk is launched or low-risk is launched or do not launched.

Equally; Be the passenger type that adapts to different statures and the situation of offing normal; Force-limiting device, preloader in the advanced belt system; All be designed to multistage trigger mode, make a strategic decision according to specific circumstances which rank of works, realize that different stature passenger types, difference take the occupant of attitude and all can be effectively protected.

Therefore for the exploitation of intelligent occupant restrain system decision-making process, the passenger type of taking on the correct identification seat and to take attitude be the most important condition, to the correct decisions of this system with effectively protection is most important.

Present existing passenger differentiating apparatus is like the passenger differentiating apparatus that has independent frame structure (patent publication No.: CN101462525A), adopt the passenger differentiating apparatus (patent publication No.: CN101462526A), passenger differentiating apparatus (patent publication No.: CN101654091A) of two load cells; Their characteristics are on the carrying structure of seat; The mode of design weight sensor is discerned passenger's quality; And then judgement passenger's stature type; Therefore need change the cushion frame structure, with the installed load sensor, and they can't judge that what take on the seat is passenger or general article; Also can't judge the attitude of taking of passenger, the installation of its means of identification is complicated, recognition system is on the high side.

Summary of the invention

The technical matters that patent of the present invention will solve is: a kind of passenger type and sitting posture means of identification and method are provided, need not the carrying structure of seat is made any change, can identify passenger type of taking on the seat and the attitude of taking.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:

Employing is taken the trace testing cushion to placement passenger between the skin of Chain cushion and backrest parcel cloth and the seat foam material; The survey sensor array that this trace testing cushion is formed through diaphragm or thin-film switch forms; Measure the switching of each unit in the diaphragm switch array in the pad through judging trace; Forming the passenger and on cushion and backrest, take trace, is main distinguishing rule with the trace on the cushion, judgement passenger's type; Trace on the backrest is judged and is taken attitude and the situation of offing normal for auxiliary distinguishing rule.

The inventive system comprises: comprise sensor array, micro controller system, column rule output interface, alignment input interface, judged result output interface arrangement, memory device, switch is set; Sensor array comprises column rule (17), alignment (18) and sensor (19); Sensor is diaphragm or thin-film switch; Sensor (19) is arranged at the infall of column rule (17) and alignment (18), and column rule (17) is 8 ~ 96 row, and alignment (18) is 16 ~ 128 row; Column rule (17) links to each other with the delivery port of micro controller system through the column rule output interface, and alignment (18) is connected with the input port of micro controller system through the alignment input interface, switch is set links to each other with micro controller system, and memory device links to each other with micro controller system.

Control signal is divided into two groups of column rule and alignments, and transducer arrangements is expert on the point of crossing with alignment, when a point of crossing has pressure to do the time spent, and column rule and alignment connection.Column rule links to each other with the delivery port of micro controller system, and alignment is connected to input of single chip, and micro controller system circulates to mouth output low level signal; Each is changed to low level with one of column rule constantly, and other column rule output high level detects the input of alignment simultaneously; Which sensor of condition discrimination through column rule output and alignment monitor is pressed; For example when first column rule output low level, be input as low level, can judge that then the sensor of first row, first row is depressed if monitor first alignment; Can monitor the state of sensor array in this way, thereby form passenger's the trace of taking.

The trace that records according to testing cushion adopts following method to carry out the identification of passenger type and sitting posture:

A, micro controller system circulate to column rule output low level signal through delivery port; When the sensor pressurized, produce signal; Micro controller system is accepted the signal of sensor array through the alignment input interface, if the element of a matrix that the sensor array signal forms is 1 o'clock entirely, judges on the seat and does not have the passenger;

B, when the element of a matrix that forms when the sensor array signal is not 1 entirely; Micro controller system carries out image recognition to the imprinted matrix that sensor array forms; Trace image (the matrix neutral element forms image) is the U type, then judges on the seat it is the passenger, otherwise is general object on the seat;

C, when B step, recognition result was general object, sensor array is taken trace root characteristic curve carries out feature identification; Whether be the passenger on the identification seat further, trace root characteristic curve be shaped as circular arc type, be judged to be the passenger, otherwise be general object on the seat; When the sitting posture of seated passenger was the abnomal condition of offing normal, whether the non-U type of the trace image on the cushion was through being the passenger on the shape recognition seat of trace root characteristic curve;

D, when the result is the passenger, identification passenger type; Calculate trace image rear portion and account in the whole testing cushion length 15-35% area division, the number of sensors that accumulative total activates and the ratio of this area sensor total quantity when this ratio>=75%, are judged to be the above passenger of 95 hundredths; When this ratio when 64%-70% is interval, be judged to be 50 hundredths passengers; When this ratio when 56%-62% is interval, be judged to be 5 hundredths women passengers; When this ratio when 30%-38% is interval, be judged to be 6 years old children; When this ratio≤25% the time, be judged to be 3 years old and following children, in the time of outside this ratio is between above-mentioned given area, adopt interpolation method to judge;

E, according to the row at the last sensor place of activating in the sensor array number, whether activate in conjunction with the sensor on the backrest, judge occupant's the situation of offing normal of taking attitude and occupant; The backrest upper sensor activates, the occupant to take attitude normal, safety air bag adopts excessive risk to launch strategy; When the passenger type that identifies among the step D is that 5 hundredths are when following; And the sensor on the backrest does not activate; And last row that activate of cushion number judge that greater than a half of total row number occupant's the attitude of taking be the situation of offing normal, and safety air bag adopts the low-risk expansion or do not launch strategy.

According to its recognition result; Be used for vehicle passive safety intelligent constrained system (adopt multistage gas generator technology safety air bag, adopt the belt system of multistage force-limiting device, multistage preloader) decision-making; Promptly according to passenger type (95 hundredths, 50 hundredths, 5 hundredths adult, 6 years old, children below 3 years old) and take the difference (normal sitting position or the sitting posture of offing normal) of attitude; Judge that safe automobile air bag is that excessive risk is launched, or the low-risk expansion, or do not launch; And judge the multistage force-limiting device of seat belt system, the triggering rank of preloader, realize that the passenger of different passenger type, different sitting postures all can be effectively protected.

Seat is taken trace carry out real-time collection, when can registration of vehicle bumping, the real time kinematics track of passenger's shank, hip, thus passenger's athletic posture is carried out reconstruct and checking.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is following: adopt switch arrays as survey sensor, cost is low, and the life-span is long; Need not make any change to armchair structure, quick and easy for installation, range of use is extensive, and can be used as passenger's hip motion real-time recording instrument.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is passenger type and sitting posture means of identification arrangement structure scheme drawing;

Fig. 2 is for taking trace metering circuit figure;

Fig. 3 is a trace measurement mechanism composition diagram;

Fig. 4 is for taking the trace scheme drawing on the normal seating position Chain cushion of different statures;

Fig. 5 is passenger and sitting posture recognition system diagram of circuit;

Fig. 6 is that 5,50,95 hundredths are taken activation unit, trace rear portion scope;

Fig. 7 is that the unit scope is activated at 6 years old trace rear portion of taking on children's cushion.

Among the figure, 1, mounting bracket before the seat, 2, cushion frame, 3, seat sits basin, 4, cushion foam; 5, cushion parcel cloth, 6, Chain cushion trace testing cushion, 7, the cushion flank, 8, backrest parcel cloth, 9, the backrest flank; 10, backrest foam, 11, back of seat trace testing cushion, 12, the seat lower guideway, 13, headrest, 14, mounting bracket behind the seat; 15, power lead, 16, upper resistance, 17, column rule, 18, alignment, 19, the diaphragm switch sensor; 20, Chain cushion outline line, 21,5 hundredths occupants take trace, and 22,50 hundredths occupants take trace, and 23,95 hundredths occupants take trace.

The specific embodiment

Combine instantiation to describe the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing: the layout of passenger type and sitting posture means of identification is as shown in Figure 1, the typical structure of seat by seat before mounting bracket 1, cushion frame 2, seat sit basin 3, cushion foam 4, cushion parcel cloth 5, cushion flank 7, backrest parcel cloth 8, backrest flank 9, backrest foam 10, seat lower guideway 12, headrest 13, seat after mounting bracket 14 form.Trace measurement module placement location is wherein seen Chain cushion trace testing cushion 6 and the back of seat trace testing cushion 11 among Fig. 1; This trace testing cushion constitutes sensor array as shown in Figure 2 by the diaphragm switch sensor, sensor array consist of power lead 15, upper resistance 16, column rule 17, alignment 18, diaphragm switch sensor 19.With the trace on the cushion is main distinguishing rule, judges passenger's type, and the trace on the backrest is judged and taken attitude and the situation of offing normal for auxiliary distinguishing rule.

Control signal is divided into column rule 17 and 18 liang of groups of alignment, and sensor 19 is arranged on the point of crossing of column rule 17 and alignment 18, and when a point of crossing has pressure to do the time spent, column rule 17 is connected with alignment 18.The delivery port of column rule 17 and micro controller system links to each other, and alignment 18 is connected to input of single chip, and micro controller system circulates to mouth output low level signal; Each is changed to low level with one of column rule 17 constantly, and other column rule 17 output high level detect the input of alignment 18 simultaneously; Which sensor of condition discrimination through column rule 17 outputs and alignment 18 monitor is pressed; For example when first column rule output low level, be input as low level, can judge that then the sensor of first row, first row is depressed if monitor first alignment; Can monitor the state of sensor array in this way, thereby form passenger's the trace of taking.

The trace measurement mechanism is formed as shown in Figure 3, is made up of configuration switch, sensor array, column rule output interface, alignment input interface, ECU, eeprom memory, judged result output interface.

Take the feature difference of trace according to dissimilar passengers, as shown in Figure 4, can form the different traces of taking, outline line 20, the 5 hundredths occupants of Chain cushion take trace 21,50 hundredths occupants and take trace 22,95 hundredths occupants and take trace 23.According to the difference of taking trace and adopt specific identification process and method, as shown in Figure 5, can carry out passenger type and take the identification of attitude.

Embodiment:

The trace testing cushion 6 of on Chain cushion, placing is the diaphragm switch sensor array of 20 row * 25 row; Wherein place a diaphragm switch in each grid; The switch of its activation is to take the middle part of trace; According to the trace in the cushion is the U type, and the characteristic line at trace rear portion is circular arc type, judges that therefore that take on the seat is the passenger.

As shown in Figure 6, from last activation row numbers 2, be accumulated to row numbers 9; Account for whole trace testing cushion length 32%, the ratio of the diaphragm switch quantity that its accumulative total activates and this zone diaphragm switch sum, the trace rear portion is shown in Fig. 6 a; Its ratio is 60.5%, meets 5 hundredths occupants; The trace rear portion is shown in Fig. 6 b, and its ratio is 66.5%, meets 50 hundredths occupants; The trace rear portion is shown in Fig. 6 c, and its ratio is 79.0%, meets 95 hundredths occupants; And the last row that activate number are 2, judge therefore and normally take attitude that the situation of not offing normal takes place.

Shown in Fig. 7 a, the ratio of the diaphragm switch quantity that its accumulative total activates and this zone diaphragm switch sum is 34%, meets the area division of 6 years old child; Shown in Fig. 7 b, row that activate at last number are half the greater than total columns 25, are judged to be 6 years old children and off normal and take state, and the safety air bag low-risk is launched or do not launched.

Claims (4)

1. based on the passenger type of taking trace and sitting posture means of identification, it is characterized in that, comprise and take trace sensor array, micro controller system, column rule output interface, alignment input interface, judged result output interface device, memory device, switch is set; Take the trace sensor array and comprise column rule (17), alignment (18) and sensor (19); Sensor is switch arrays; Sensor (19) is arranged at the point of crossing place of column rule (17) and alignment (18), and column rule (17) is 8 ~ 96 row, and alignment (18) is 16 ~ 128 row; Column rule (17) links to each other with the delivery port of micro controller system through the column rule output interface, and alignment (18) is connected with the input port of micro controller system through the alignment input interface, switch is set links to each other with micro controller system, and memory device links to each other with micro controller system; Micro controller system obtains the lattice information of sensor array through the on-off signal on the survey sensor array, and with memory device in advance all kinds of passengers' of storage typical lattice information compare, and identify passenger type near this dot matrix.

2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on the passenger type of taking trace and sitting posture means of identification that said on-off signal is divided into two groups of column rule and alignments, when a point of crossing has pressure to do the time spent, column rule and alignment are connected; Column rule links to each other with the delivery port of micro controller system, and alignment is connected to input of single chip, and micro controller system circulates to mouth output low level signal; Each is changed to low level with one of column rule constantly; Other column rule output high level detects the input of alignment simultaneously, through which sensor of condition discrimination that column rule output and alignment monitor presses; Monitor the state of sensor array, thereby form passenger's the trace of taking.

3. according to claim 1 and 2ly it is characterized in that said sensor array is located between the skin parcel cloth and seat foam material of Chain cushion and backrest based on the passenger type of taking trace and sitting posture means of identification.

4. based on the passenger type of taking trace and sitting posture recognition methods; It is characterized in that; Micro controller system is through the on-off signal on the survey sensor array; Obtain the lattice information of sensor array, and with memory device in advance all kinds of passengers' the typical lattice information of storage compare, and identify passenger type near this dot matrix; Concrete steps are:

A, micro controller system circulate to column rule output low level signal through delivery port; When the sensor pressurized, produce signal; Micro controller system is accepted the signal of sensor array through the alignment input interface, if the element of a matrix that the sensor array signal forms is 1 o'clock entirely, judges on the seat and does not have the passenger;

B, when the element of a matrix that forms when the sensor array signal is not 1 entirely, micro controller system carries out image recognition to the imprinted matrix that sensor array forms, the trace image that the matrix neutral element forms is the U type, then judges on the seat it is the passenger, otherwise is general object on the seat;

C, when B step, recognition result was general object, sensor array is taken trace root characteristic curve carries out feature identification; Whether be the passenger on the identification seat further, trace root characteristic curve be shaped as circular arc type, be judged to be the passenger, otherwise be general object on the seat; When the sitting posture of seated passenger was the abnomal condition of offing normal, whether the non-U type of the trace image on the cushion was through being the passenger on the shape recognition seat of trace root characteristic curve;

D, when the result is the passenger, identification passenger type; Calculate trace image rear portion and account in the whole testing cushion length 15-35% area division, the number of sensors that accumulative total activates and the ratio of this area sensor total quantity when this ratio>=75%, are judged to be the above passenger of 95 hundredths; When this ratio when 64%-70% is interval, be judged to be 50 hundredths passengers; When this ratio when 56%-62% is interval, be judged to be 5 hundredths women passengers; When this ratio when 30%-38% is interval, be judged to be 6 years old children; When this ratio≤25% the time, be judged to be 3 years old and following children, in the time of outside this ratio is between above-mentioned given area, adopt interpolation method to judge;

E, according to the row at the last sensor place of activating in the sensor array number, whether activate in conjunction with the sensor on the backrest, judge occupant's the situation of offing normal of taking attitude and occupant; The backrest upper sensor activates, the occupant to take attitude normal, safety air bag adopts excessive risk to launch strategy; When the passenger type that identifies among the step D is that 5 hundredths are when following; And the sensor on the backrest does not activate; And last row that activate of cushion number judge that greater than a half of total row number occupant's the attitude of taking be the situation of offing normal, and safety air bag adopts the low-risk expansion or do not launch strategy.

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