CN102417993A - 一种富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法 - Google Patents
一种富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102417993A CN102417993A CN2011102258457A CN201110225845A CN102417993A CN 102417993 A CN102417993 A CN 102417993A CN 2011102258457 A CN2011102258457 A CN 2011102258457A CN 201110225845 A CN201110225845 A CN 201110225845A CN 102417993 A CN102417993 A CN 102417993A
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- oxygen
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- blow
- stove
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwLjAnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwLjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PSc5OC41JyB5PScxNzAuMCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0ZDQzYzMycgPkg8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzEyNi4xJyB5PScxODYuMCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToyNnB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0ZDQzYzMycgPjM8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzEzOC45JyB5PScxNzAuMCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0ZDQzYzMycgPlM8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzE2NC40JyB5PScxNTQuMCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToyNnB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0ZDQzYzMycgPis8L3RleHQ+Cjwvc3ZnPgo= data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nODVweCcgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NXB4JyB2aWV3Qm94PScwIDAgODUgODUnPgo8IS0tIEVORCBPRiBIRUFERVIgLS0+CjxyZWN0IHN0eWxlPSdvcGFjaXR5OjEuMDtmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmUnIHdpZHRoPSc4NS4wJyBoZWlnaHQ9Jzg1LjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMi4yJyB5PSc1My42JyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjIzcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRkNDNjMzJyA+SDwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nMjguMicgeT0nNjIuOScgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToxNXB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0ZDQzYzMycgPjM8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzM1LjYnIHk9JzUzLjYnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MjNweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNGQ0M2MzMnID5TPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PSc1MC40JyB5PSc0NC4zJyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjE1cHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRkNDNjMzJyA+KzwvdGV4dD4KPC9zdmc+Cg== [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000893018 Armeria Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 copper nickel Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法，即利用富氧侧吹熔池熔炼工艺固有的沉降贫化电炉烘炉造熔池过程中的熔渣和低锍，返回富氧侧吹炉中，作为富氧侧吹炉开炉造熔池反应引子的开炉新方法。具有开炉时间短、经济可靠、借力使力的技术特点，不必刻意配备富氧侧吹炉液态开炉造熔体的设施等。
Description
一种富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及冶炼工艺富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉的方法，利用沉降贫化电炉烘炉的熔渣返回富氧侧吹炉，作为富氧侧吹炉开炉造熔池热反应的引子，即开炉新方法。
背景技术
[0002] 目前，公知的瓦纽科夫炉、诺兰达炉、白银炉、金峰炉均属于富氧侧吹熔池熔炼炉，开炉方法有固态炉料开炉法，如同传统鼓风炉开炉方法或燃油逐渐熔化炉料造熔池开炉方法，但存在定点加料布料不均勻、熔池炉缸深而焦炭燃烧不充分，易产生过量CO引起爆炸等的问题，且时间较长、消耗焦炭较多；另一种是注入熔体开炉法，即利用原有闲置鼓风炉熔化矿石或专设熔炼炉造熔体注入富氧侧吹熔池熔炼炉作开炉造熔池热反应引子，这就需要就近专设有一定处理能力的熔炼炉熔化矿石造熔体，为富氧侧吹炉提供造熔池的熔融热渣，不但增加了基建投资，且存在熔渣过热不足及单位时间供热熔渣量有限的缺点。
[0003] 文献检索披露：号为200510022070. 8的《一种矿热电炉的一步开炉方法》的专利案披露了 ：先向矿热炉的炉体内底面铺设厚度为15_20cm的碳素材料层，与电热炉电极底端相接触制成电导柱及向炉电极供电，使原料熔化。号为200710050185. 7的《一种有色金属冶炼侧吹溶池熔炼的固体开炉方法》专利，是采用小火、中后大火烘炉，投下木材和底焦， 鼓风，熔体分层等。
[0004] 本发明针对目前开炉方法存在的不足，结合工艺特点，不但克服了固体炉料开炉由于定点加料布料不均勻的困难及富氧侧吹炉熔池深而带来的焦炭燃烧不充分，易产生过量CO引起爆炸的问题，而且也解决了注入熔体开炉法需就地专设有一定处理能力的熔炼炉熔化矿石造熔体为富氧侧吹炉提供造熔池的熔融热渣。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明的目的在于：本发明提供的富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法，即引子法，具有热渣温度高、供料流量大、时间短、易操作等技术特点。
[0006] 本发明目的是这样实现的：一种富氧侧吹炉熔池熔炼开炉的新方法，先用沉降贫化电炉开炉，为富氧侧吹炉准备充足的熔体；沉降贫化电炉经烘炉-焙烧电极-造熔池的工艺造渣，待富氧侧吹炉开炉时，即可提供16包，约32m3熔渣和低锍热引子，使其迅速达到投料送氧的条件，此开炉过程5. 0-6. 0小时完成；
其步骤：在富氧侧吹炉熔池的温度达到1000-1150°C，沉降贫化电炉开始向其投放4包热熔渣，采用2包交替的投加方式，时间为0. 8-1. 0小时；而后继续投放2包热渣并同时投放4包低锍，当熔渣面封住富氧侧吹炉出口通道时，投加1. 7-2. 0吨焦粉使其保温，时间为 1. 8-2. 0小时；之后继续投加6包熔渣，采用两包交替的投加方式，直至熔渣面达到该富氧侧吹炉炉缸供富氧风眼位置以上190-220mm，时间2. 8-3. 0小时；加料前富氧侧吹炉供富氧风眼全部用专用钢钎栓住，风压调整到0. 12MPa ；加料后逐个开启两侧供富氧风眼，此时炉内供给的富氧空气中氧浓度达到45%，鼓风风压为0. 12MPa ；同时启动加料皮带向炉内投加0. 95-1. 1吨焦粉，紧接着投加料量为21. 2t/h，其中原矿和精矿16t/h、熔剂石英3. 3t/h、焦炭1. 9 t/h ；供风量为14800N /h、富氧浓度为53-57%、烟气负压小于80pa ；进入正常生产后投加料量逐步加大到45. 7t/h，其中原矿和精矿37 t/h、熔剂石英4. 9 t/h、焦炭3. 8 t/ h；
上述沉降贫化电炉放熔渣和低锍的条件：即电炉低锍面达到700-750mm，熔渣面升到电炉放S口以上 600-650mm，S温达到 1350_1400°C。
[0007] 本发明方法的技术原理：采用熔池熔炼工艺固有配套的沉降贫化电炉开炉时烘炉-焙烧电极-造熔池的必须过程，将熔渣面超过正常渣面300mm，待富氧侧吹炉开炉时，一次性可连续放出约32m3熔渣和低锍，用两个钢包交替加入富氧侧吹炉造熔池，达到富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉投料送氧的条件，可在6小时内完成。本富氧侧吹熔池熔炼开炉新方法则必须保证沉降贫化电炉低锍面达到700mm，熔渣面升到贫化电炉放渣口以上600mm ；S温过热到1350°C。富氧侧吹炉熔池炉缸烘烤温度达到KKKTC之后，沉降贫化电炉开始放熔渣。
[0008] 本发明的有益效果：利用沉降贫化电炉熔渣温度高、熔渣注入富氧侧吹熔池过程时间短、熔渣温度下降不多，投料送氧开炉很可靠，热反应状态快，不必刻意配备富氧侧吹炉液态开炉造熔体的设施，彰显技术进步。
[0009]
附图说明
[0010] 下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
[0011] 附图1为本方法的开炉工艺流程图；
如图所示：利用贫化电炉通过烘炉一焙烧电极一造熔池工艺，储备好可连续放出约 32m3熔渣和低锍，为富氧侧吹炉开炉做预热准备。
[0012] 附图2为钢包加入富氧侧吹炉的剖面示意图；
如图所示：炉缸右侧为富氧鼓风区域，熔体通过熔体加入口用钢包从上部注入，由于炉缸底部的坡度形成重力作用熔体沿箭头方向向左侧流动，当钢包注入的熔体达到32m3时， 直至熔体渣面达到富氧侧吹炉缸熔池风口以上200mm，同时由于熔渣和低锍比重不同在熔池内分为低锍层和渣层，此时即可鼓入富氧空气及加料开炉，转入正常生产后即可打开富氧侧吹炉左侧出口，放出低锍和熔渣，正常生产时需保持熔体流出量与上部物料熔剂加入量达到平衡状态。
[0013]
具体实施方式
[0014] 本发明对照实施例作进一步说明。
[0015] 本方法的开炉步骤：
1、依据图1的工艺流程，进行沉降贫化电炉的开炉造熔池；
2、禾Ij用沉降贫化电炉开炉完成烘炉一焙烧电极一造熔池过程，将低锍和熔渣面升到贫化电炉放渣口以上600mm ；渣温提升到1350°C，保证能够一次连续放出16包熔渣和低锍的容量，共计32m3;
3、富氧侧吹炉熔池炉缸烘烤温度达到100(TC ；沉降贫化电炉开始连续放热熔渣4包，用两个包交替加入氧气侧吹炉缸熔池（图2)，此步骤1小时内完成；沉降贫化电炉放第5包热渣的同时打开虹吸口放低锍，共放4包低锍和2包熔渣加入侧吹炉熔池内，此步骤2小时内完成；当熔渣面封住炉缸与虹吸池放出口通道时，再往炉内加约2吨焦粉保温；再继续用两个包交替往侧吹炉缸熔池内加入熔渣6包，直至熔渣面达到富氧侧吹炉缸熔池风口以上 200mm ；此步骤3小时内完成。 具体过程见下表所示。
表富氣侧吹炉造熔A熔体注入时同及相关参数表
[0016] 4、加料前富氧侧吹炉熔池供氧风眼全部用专用钢钎栓住，风压调整到0. 12MPa ；
5、逐个开启氧气侧吹炉两侧风口，向炉内鼓入45%富氧空气，鼓风风压0. 12Mpa ；同时启动氧气侧吹炉加料皮带向炉内均勻加入1吨焦粉；紧接着按配比的料单加入原矿、熔剂等物料进入正常生产，此时按配比的料单投加料量21. 2t/h:原矿和精矿16t/h、熔剂石英 3. 3t/h、焦炭1. 9t/h ；并逐步提高供风量至14800N /h、供风富氧浓度提高至55%，烟气负压小于80pa，即完成开炉过程；
6、进入正常生产状态后，富氧侧吹炉加大配比，投加料量45. 7t/h ：原矿和精矿37t/h、 熔剂石英4. 9t/h、焦炭3. 8 t/h等物料，炉缸内熔体达到放出口高度（图2)之后打开出口， 熔融状态低锍和熔渣由溜槽进入沉降贫化电炉；
对投加的物料有以下企业标准：
1)铜镍原矿、铜镍精矿配料要求：S彡25%; MgO ^ 6. 5% ；水份8-10%;
2)熔剂石英石^ 88%，粒度< 20毫米，水份< 5% ；
3)燃料焦粉：粒度为5-25毫米；水份< 5%。
[0017] 4)要求各种物料的配料计量误差小于0. 5% ；7、转入正常生产状态后，贫化电炉停止造熔池熔体，富氧侧吹炉熔炼的熔体通过溜槽进入贫化电炉沉降贫化，贫化电炉放出低锍用钢包送下道工序转炉，贫化电炉熔渣送渣场， 烟气均送往收尘系统。
Claims (1)
1. 一种富氧侧吹炉熔池熔炼开炉的新方法，其特征在于：先用沉降贫化电炉开炉，为富氧侧吹炉准备充足的熔体；沉降贫化电炉经烘炉-焙烧电极-造熔池的工艺造渣，待富氧侧吹炉开炉时，即可提供16包，约32m3熔渣和低锍热引子，使其迅速达到投料送氧的条件， 此开炉过程5. 0-6. 0小时完成；其步骤：在富氧侧吹炉熔池的温度达到1000-1150°C，沉降贫化电炉开始向其投放4包热熔渣，采用2包交替的投加方式，时间为0. 8-1. 0小时；而后继续投放2包热渣并同时投放4包低锍，当熔渣面封住富氧侧吹炉出口通道时，投加1. 7-2. 0吨焦粉使其保温，时间为 1. 8-2. 0小时；之后继续投加6包熔渣，采用两包交替的投加方式，直至熔渣面达到该富氧侧吹炉炉缸供富氧风眼位置以上190-220mm，时间2. 8-3. 0小时；加料前富氧侧吹炉供富氧风眼全部用专用钢钎栓住，风压调整到0. 12MPa ；加料后逐个开启两侧供富氧风眼，此时炉内供给的富氧空气中氧浓度达到45%，鼓风风压为0. 12MPa ；同时启动加料皮带向炉内投加 0. 95-1. 1吨焦粉，紧接着投加料量为21. 2t/h，其中原矿和精矿16t/h、熔剂石英3. 3t/h、焦炭1. 9 t/h ；供风量为14800N /h、富氧浓度为53-57%、烟气负压小于80pa ；进入正常生产后投加料量逐步加大到45. 7t/h，其中原矿和精矿37 t/h、熔剂石英4. 9 t/h、焦炭3. 8 t/ h；上述沉降贫化电炉放熔渣和低锍的条件：即电炉低锍面达到700-750mm，熔渣面升到电炉放S口以上 600-650mm，S温达到 1350_1400°C。
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