CN102415440B

CN102415440B - Bamboo shoot preservative and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102415440B
Application number: CN 201110414487
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾凯芳; 罗晓莉; 赵国华; 刘永华
Original assignee: 西南大学
Priority date: 2011-12-13
Filing date: 2011-12-13
Publication date: 2013-01-30
Also published as: CN102415440A

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant preservation technology, in particular to a coating preservation method for fresh ma bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoot preservative comprises 0.05-0.1% of water solution of salicylic acid and 1.0-1.5% of chitosan coating liquid by mass. Cleaned bamboo shoots are soaked in the bamboo shoot preservative, and the soaked bamboo shoots are dried. The method for preserving bamboo shoots by using the bamboo shoot preservative comprises the following specific steps of: soaking cleaned bamboo shoots in the bamboo shoot preservative, and drying the soaked bamboo shoots. The bamboo shoot preservative has the advantages of prolonging the storage period of fresh ma bamboo shoots by 20-40 days, reducing the disease incidence by 20-40% lower than untreated bamboo shoots during the bamboo short storage period, reducing lignin accumulation by 20-50%, reducing the residue of chemical agents caused by using bactericides and the like and being safe in use. In addition, the method provided by the invention is simple and easy to popularize and apply.

Description

Bamboo shoot preservative and application thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the preservation technique of plant, particularly relates to the coating-film fresh-keeping method of a kind of fresh sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot.

Background technology

The sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot are because its output is high, food section is large, meat is thick, delicious flavour, liked by numerous people.The sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot are as the Typical Representative of the health food of low sugar, low fat, high protein, high fiber, have caused people's extensive attention and like, the demands of bamboo shoots is also increased gradually.New fresh bamboo shoots is the vegetables that people like food, the quality that its children is tender, and clear and melodious mouthfeel and abundant nutrition are the keys that attracts the consumer.; bamboo shoots are as the bud of the vigorous growth of bamboo; bud with other plant under the normal growth condition is equally carrying out the lignifying that normal growth develops and is accompanied by; after bamboo shoots are exsomatized; the fiber aging speed is accelerated; the lignifying process is rapid, and storage 24h namely has 60% position generation lignifying under the normal temperature, almost loses edibility behind the 48h; And there is microorganism in the soil, bamboo shoots after harvesting inevitably with part bacterium and fungi, the mechanical damage that harvesting brings has also been accelerated the procreation of microorganism, the bamboo shoot body disease and pest that may exist itself is so that bamboo shoots just easily fermentation in storage in addition, variable color and rotting, these factors have caused fresh sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot storage periods short, circulate on a large scale and produce restricted problem.The fresh-keeping of bamboo shoots is the process of a system, and emphasis is to prevent physiological disease and reduce its physiologically active in storage, avoids the dehydration that causes because of physiological activity, and institutional framework is aging, to reach the color that keeps bamboo shoots, the fresh-retaining preserving purpose of shape.Although forefathers have carried out large quantity research to bamboo shoots fresh-keeping, the preserving active aspect of present bright bamboo shoot there is no comparatively ripe can be for the technology of promoting.

In recent years research finds, thermal management application is in preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, can keep quality, delays senility, disease and pest control and alleviating damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.Salicylic acid is a kind of new plant hormone, and the aging that the application of exogenous salicylic acid on fruit not only can delayed fruit can also induce fruit to produce disease resistance, thereby prolongs storage period, keep quality.Shitosan is that chitin transforms the natural polymer that becomes through deacetylation, and it is dissolved in diluted acid, can be used for filming of fruits and vegetables.It has the multifrequency natures such as safe, nontoxic, film forming, antibacterial, edible, degradable, biologically active height, and chitosan coating is similar to individual packing, the respiratory rate of fruits and vegetables can suppress to film, reduce nutritive loss, reduce the evaporation of moisture, prevention causes the growth of microorganism of fruits and vegetables corruption, can delay the fruits and vegetables aging to a great extent, reduce and rot, prolong the postharvest storage phase.Shitosan has been widely used in adopting in the preservation and freshness of rear fruits and vegetables at present.The preservation of shitosan is mainly reflected in and keeps quality and delay senility.At present these three kinds of technology respectively existing research on fresh bamboo shoots preservation has fresh-keeping effect though use separately, and time expand storage period is not remarkable.In addition, in former a lot of researchs, the action effect of salicylic acid and shitosan mainly concentrates on the aspect that delays senility, and reports less for inducing of fruit disease resistance.We carry out these three kinds of technology integrated in experiment, screened the order of three's optimization process concentration, processing time and processing, studied a kind of synthetical preservation technology, be applied to the preservation and freshness of fresh sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot, controlling two aspects from delaying senility with disease observes, found that this coating fresh-keeping technology has kept preferably storage quality of bright bamboo shoot, and has prolonged shelf-life.

Summary of the invention

One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of antistaling agent, and this antistaling agent can be used for the fresh-keeping of bamboo shoots, and its cost is low, and is effective.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

Bamboo shoot preservative, described antistaling agent are that the aqueous solution of salicylic acid of 0.05-0.1% and chitosan aqueous solution that mass fraction is 1.0-1.5% form by mass percent.

Preferably, described antistaling agent is that 0.07% aqueous solution of salicylic acid and mass fraction are that 1.5% chitosan coating liquid forms by mass percent.

Preferably, described chitosan coating liquid is comprised of shitosan, glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium, and the mass ratio of shitosan, glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium is 2.5-7.5:5.6:250.

Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide the preservation method of a kind of bamboo shoots and the bamboo shoots of using the method gained, and the method is simple to operate, is used in large-scale application; Bamboo shoots shelf life with the method preparation is long.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

Use described bamboo shoot preservative to process the method for fresh bamboo shoots preservation, be specially: the bamboo shoots that clean up are soaked in bamboo shoot preservative, and the bamboo shoots after will soaking are dry.

Preferably, the bamboo shoots that clean up were soaked 0.5-3 minute in 45-65 ℃ of warm water, bamboo shoots were soaked in bamboo shoot preservative 0.5-3 minute successively after to be dried, and the described method gained bamboo shoots of the drying of the bamboo shoots after will soaking.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the results showed that adopt said method, the storage period of fresh sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot reached more than 30 days.This processing mode contrast, delayed to a greater extent lignin and the coarse-fibred increase of bamboo shoots in storage, this processing mode has reduced weight-loss ratio and the rotten index of bamboo shoots simultaneously, the decline of the content of the soluble solid of bamboo shoots duration of storage, soluble protein and Vc also has been subject to inhibition, and quality keeps better.

Advantage of the present invention is to make the storage period of fresh sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot prolong 40 days, the disease incidence of bamboo shoots storage periods reduces 20-40% than untreated bamboo shoots, lignin accumulation reduces 20-50%, and has reduced because using the residual of chemical agent that bactericide etc. brings, uses safety.In addition, the inventive method simple, be easy to apply.

The specific embodiment

The preparation method of chitosan coating liquid: shitosan is done stirring solvent to dissolving with glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium under normal temperature (such as 30 ℃), get chitosan coating liquid.Wherein, the mass ratio of shitosan, glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium is 2.5-7.5:5.6:250.

Embodiment 1

The big or small homogeneous of rear selection of gathering, without disease and pest, after the sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot that have no mechanical damage are peeled off, wash the dirts such as earth on the bamboo shoot body, at first put into 45 ℃ of hot water and soak 0.5 min, pull the water droplet that dries the surface out, to be cooled to room temperature, the common bamboo shoot preservative that forms of coating liquid of putting into the quality percent by volume again and be 0.05% salicylic acid solution and mass percent and be 1.5% shitosan soaks 0.5min, pull out, place under field conditions (factors), cold wind is air-dry, after the tunicle drying of bamboo shoot surface, be stored in (4 ± 1 ℃) freezer after packing with Polythene Bag is single again.Preserve after 1 month, the lignin of bright bamboo shoot accumulation has reduced 50%, and the fresh preservation phase has prolonged 40 days.

Embodiment 2

The big or small homogeneous of rear selection of gathering, without disease and pest, after the sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot that have no mechanical damage are peeled off, wash the dirts such as earth on the bamboo shoot body, at first put into 55 ℃ of hot water and soak 1 min, pull the water droplet that dries the surface out, to be cooled to room temperature, the common bamboo shoot preservative that forms of coating liquid of putting into the quality percent by volume again and be 0.07% salicylic acid and quality percent by volume and be 1.5% shitosan soaks 1min, pull out, place under field conditions (factors), cold wind is air-dry, after the tunicle drying of bamboo shoot surface, be stored in (4 ± 1 ℃) freezer after packing with Polythene Bag is single again.Preserve after 1 month, the disease incidence of bright bamboo shoot has reduced by 40%, and the fresh preservation phase has prolonged 40 days.

Embodiment 3

The big or small homogeneous of rear selection of gathering, without disease and pest, after the sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot that have no mechanical damage are peeled off, wash the dirts such as earth on the bamboo shoot body, at first put into 65 ℃ of hot water and soak 3 min, pull the water droplet that dries the surface out, to be cooled to room temperature, the common bamboo shoot preservative that forms of coating liquid of putting into the quality percent by volume again and be 0.1% salicylic acid and quality percent by volume and be 1.0% shitosan soaks 3min, pull out, place under field conditions (factors), cold wind is air-dry, after the tunicle drying of bamboo shoot surface, be stored in (4 ± 1 ℃) freezer after packing with Polythene Bag is single again.Preserve after 1 month, the weight-loss ratio of bright bamboo shoot has reduced 30%, and the fresh preservation phase has prolonged 40 days.

The comparative example 3

Gather the big or small homogeneous of rear selection, peel off without disease and pest, the sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot that have no mechanical damage after, wash the dirts such as earth on the bamboo shoot body, at first put into 65 ℃ of hot water and soak 3 min, pull the water droplet that dries the surface out, to be cooled to room temperature, put into successively again the quality percent by volume and be 0.1% salicylic acid solution and soak 3min, pull out, place under field conditions (factors), cold wind is air-dry, after the tunicle drying of bamboo shoot surface, be stored in (4 ± 1 ℃) freezer after packing with Polythene Bag is single again.Preserve after 1 month, the weight-loss ratio of bright bamboo shoot has reduced 10%, and the fresh preservation phase has prolonged 10 days.

Gather the big or small homogeneous of rear selection, peel off without disease and pest, the sinocalamus latiflorus bamboo shoot that have no mechanical damage after, wash the dirts such as earth on the bamboo shoot body, at first put into 65 ℃ of hot water and soak 3 min, pull the water droplet that dries the surface out, to be cooled to room temperature, the coating liquid of putting into successively the quality percent by volume again and be 1.5% shitosan soaks 3min, pull out, place under field conditions (factors), cold wind is air-dry, after the tunicle drying of bamboo shoot surface, be stored in (4 ± 1 ℃) freezer after packing with Polythene Bag is single again.Preserve after 1 month, the weight-loss ratio of bright bamboo shoot has reduced 10%, and the fresh preservation phase has prolonged 20 days.

Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although by invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.

Claims

1. bamboo shoot preservative is characterized in that, described antistaling agent is that the aqueous solution of salicylic acid of 0.05-0.1% and chitosan coating liquid that mass fraction is counted 1.0-1.5% with shitosan form by mass percent;

Described chitosan coating liquid is comprised of shitosan, glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium, and the mass ratio of shitosan, glacial acetic acid and aqueous medium is 2.5-7.5:5.6:250.

2. bamboo shoot preservative according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described antistaling agent is that 0.07% aqueous solution of salicylic acid and mass fraction are that 1.5% chitosan coating liquid forms by mass percent.

3. use each described bamboo shoot preservative of claim 1-2 to process the method for fresh bamboo shoots preservation, it is characterized in that, be specially: the bamboo shoots that clean up are soaked in described bamboo shoot preservative, and the bamboo shoots after will soaking are dry.

4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the bamboo shoots that clean up were soaked 0.5-3 minute in 45-65 ℃ of warm water, bamboo shoots were soaked in bamboo shoot preservative 0.5-3 minute after to be dried, and the bamboo shoots after will soaking are dry.

5. the described method gained of claim 3 bamboo shoots.