CN102400795A - Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and method for operating a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and method for operating a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102400795A CN102400795A CN2011102513874A CN201110251387A CN102400795A CN 102400795 A CN102400795 A CN 102400795A CN 2011102513874 A CN2011102513874 A CN 2011102513874A CN 201110251387 A CN201110251387 A CN 201110251387A CN 102400795 A CN102400795 A CN 102400795A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
- F02D17/02—Cutting-out
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/182—Number of cylinders five
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0207—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing valve lift or valve lift and timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0219—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/45—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems
- F02M26/46—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems for determining the characteristics of gases, e.g. composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/45—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems
- F02M26/46—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems for determining the characteristics of gases, e.g. composition
- F02M26/47—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems for determining the characteristics of gases, e.g. composition the characteristics being temperatures, pressures or flow rates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for operating an ignition multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, in which an odd number n of cylinders is arranged in a line, and during partial-load operation when engine load is below threshold, enabling a partial cutoff of the cylinders. The invention further relates to a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which realizes the method. The invention provides a method for optimizing the abovementioned partial cutoff. The aim is achieved by the method, wherein during the partial cutoff period, the cylinders are ignited and cut off one by one and therefore run intermittently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of moving the igniting type multi-cylinder engine, wherein odd number n cylinder is in upright arrangement arranges, wherein in service in partial load, closes being lower than predetermined load bottom cylinder.
The invention further relates to a kind of multi-cylinder engine of realizing said method.
Background technique
An elementary object of internal combustion engine development is that fuel consumption is minimized, and striving direction mainly concentrates in the burning improvement, promptly more efficient burning.
Fuel consumption and the efficiency of therefore bringing especially are a difficult problem for spark ignition engines.Reason is the basic operation method of spark ignition engines.Spark ignition engines is not having under the situation of direct injection through the operation of uniform fuel-air mixture, and fuel-air mixture is by through fuel being introduced external mix thing preparation that the air inlet in the admission line forms.Regulate the power output that needs through the load that changes the firing chamber, so different with diesel engine, the operation method of spark ignition engines is based on quantitative control.
Load is controlled through the throttle valve that is arranged in the admission line usually.Through regulating said throttle valve, can more or less reduce the pressure of the air inlet in said throttle valve downstream.Said throttle valve cuts out thoroughly more, and promptly said throttle valve is many more to the restriction of admission line, and is just big more through the pressure loss of the air inlet of throttle valve, and the pressure of air inlet these throttle valve downstream and that from the inlet upper reaches to cylinder be the firing chamber is just more little.For constant firing chamber capacity, can regulate air quality via the pressure of air inlet through above-mentioned this mode, i.e. quantity.This has explained also why this quantitative control methodin is imperfect particularly simultaneously in the partial load scope; Because little load needs the height throttling and reduces the pressure in the admission line significantly; And thus along with load reduces to increase with throttling, the loss of duty cycle increases.
Developed multiple to ignition internal combustion engine by throttling to reduce the measure of above-mentioned loss.
Because it is in service in partial load; Spark ignition engines is owing to throttling control has poor efficiency; And DENG has higher efficient; That is to say owing to quantitatively controlling to have lower fuel consumption, attempted combining above-mentioned two kinds of operation methods, in spark ignition engines, to utilize the advantage of DENG.At this, research work mainly concentrates on the inner characteristic of these two kinds of methods.
The characteristics of conventional spark-ignition method are mixture compression, homogeneous mixture, igniting and quantitatively control, and the characteristics of conventional diesel method are air compression, heterogeneous mixture, ignition by compression and qualitative control.
A kind of method by throttling is for example, to have the operation method of the spark ignition engines of direct injection.Direct fuel injection is a kind of suitable method of realizing the load of stratification firing chamber.Within the specific limits, thus fuel injects directly into the firing chamber allows in ignition type engine, to realize qualitative control.
Going into cylinder through direct fuel injection, more precisely is to spray into already present air in the cylinder, then forms mixture, rather than forms through the external mix thing of fuel being introduced the air inlet formation mixture in the admission line.
Another mode of optimizing the spark ignition engines combustion process is to use variable valve actuator for air.Opposite with traditional valve mechanism; Valve lift and timing; It is the switching time of suction valve and outlet valve; All through valve mechanism can not adjust and inflexibility mechanism is redefined for quantitatively, therefore these parameter influence combustion processes also can change fuel consumption through said variable valve actuator for air bigger or lessly.Desirable settling mode should be that a complete changeable air valve timing device is arranged, and it will allow the lift and the timing value of any operation node coupling of special and spark ignition engines.Yet, utilize the part variable valve actuator for air equally also can obtain obvious fuel saving.The simple shut-in time and the lift of suction valve through changing suction valve, thus make obtain to have no throttling also so loss-free Load Control become possibility.Therefore the amount that flows into the mixture of firing chamber in the intake process is controlled not through throttle valve but through the unlatching period of suction valve lift and this suction valve.
The shortcoming that above-described theory has is because they need carry out substantial modification and increase complex component basic engine and/or valve mechanism, therefore to be not suitable for already present motor on the market.
Providing a kind of closes the method for existing spark ignition engines on the market by throttling through cylinder.This is used for improving; Promptly be increased in the efficient in the partial load scope; Because close the load that a cylinder in the multi-cylinder engine has increased cylinder in service; Thereby can and must further drive big said throttle valve the more air amount being introduced cylinder, thus realize generally this internal-combustion engine by throttling.
Owing to transmitted the more air amount, still had the mixture formation of improvement and can tolerate higher exhaust gas recirculation rate at the cylinder of operation in the part down periods.
Further, the advantage that aspect efficient, has is, has benefited from not burning, and in the heat delivered from combustion gas to the combustion chamber wall, when passing wall, buttoned-up cylinder can not produce any thermal losses.
Except that above-mentioned advantage, described in the prior, there is shortcoming equally in the method that especially part is closed in the multi-cylinder engine with odd number n cylinder, and these shortcomings become the obstacle of producing in serial form usually.
The problem that produces in below igniting type three cylinder IC engines being closed with regard to part is as an example discussed, and wherein said three cylinders are in upright arrangement to be arranged.
For implementation part is closed, a cylinder arrangement in the existing technology in this three cylinders straight engine is a shifter cylinder, and promptly first outer inside casing, second inner cylinders or the 3rd equally also are any one in the outer inside casing.These cylinder numbers modes are managed through DIN73021.In straight engine, these cylinders are begun to number in order continuously from a side that is positioned at the clutch opposite.
In service normally, promptly all close when invalid in operation and part when all three cylinders, these cylinders are lighted a fire according to firing order 1-2-3 with the interval of 240 ℃ of A.Therefore,, form well-regulated ignition mode, wherein whenever will light a fire at a distance from 240 ℃ of A at normal operation period.
Closing under the situation in part, making the cylinder of closing invalid and only have two remaining cylinders to continue operation, thereby irregular ignition mode takes place, wherein igniting at interval between 240 ℃ of A and 480 ℃ of A alternately, this causes many adverse effects.
Being excited through pulse and interaction effect power forms the engine structure of structure-borne sound vibration, sends structure-borne sound as atmospheric noise through its Engine Surface, and produces actual engine noise by this way.Irregular ignition mode causes discordant offending engine noise that makes us feeling.Shortcoming that Here it is is because the noise that internal-combustion engine produces can produce considerable influence to buying behavior.
Rely on a kind of like this discovery; Promptly when the Consumer will choose vehicle; Its purchase decision is influenced by the noise of internal-combustion engine and vehicle also in fact gradually even decidedly, is in fact making great efforts to study above-mentioned specific effect and to design is the noise modeling that sends of a sound design part as noise.For example, the driver of sport car prefers vehicle and motor, and its noise has been stressed the exercise performance of this vehicle.
The irregular ignition pattern with the three cylinder straight engines of partly closing in the technology is a kind of contrary obstacle of imitating as far as sound design with to the related measure that it is taked now, makes us feeling offending engine noise because it has produced.
The irregular ignition pattern of partly closing generation further causes the more how unbalanced whirling vibration of bent axle.
Bent axle forms vibration system through connected engine components.In this system, bent axle is excited to produce whirling vibration by rotating force, and the connecting rod that said rotating force time to time change and process are hinged on the single crank pin is delivered to bent axle.Here the whirling vibration of bent axle causes owing to the noise of the discharging generation of structure-borne sound with structure-borne sound simultaneously imports the noise of car body and internal-combustion engine generation into, and has obviously caused the discharging of noise.
Bent axle exciting in the natural frequency scope can cause high whirling vibration amplitude, this in addition can cause fatigue fracture.
Owing to be applied to the high dynamic load on the bent axle through inertial force and gas force, the artificer is at pains to obtain most probable widely when the design internal-combustion engine, promptly optimized mass balance, and its purpose is to remedy or reduce the external action of inertial force.
Bigger mass balance depends on the amplitude of oscillation of bent axle, the quantity of cylinder and layout and the firing order of dividing single cylinder.Part is closed, and the variation of closing the ignition mode that is associated with it of cylinder has just destroyed any mass balance of carrying out of attempting.
With three cylinder IC engines is that the problem of example discussion equally also is present in any multi-cylinder engine, and wherein odd number n in upright arrangement arrangement of cylinder for example, equally also is present in five cylinders five-cylinder internal combustion engine in upright arrangement.
Summary of the invention
With the foregoing is background, the objective of the invention is to propose the method for a kind of operation according to the described igniting type multi-cylinder engine of the preorder of claim 1, its part is closed optimize.
Further, part purpose of the present invention provides the described multi-cylinder engine of a kind of preorder according to claim 11, and it is used to realize method of the present invention.
Realize first portion of the present invention purpose through a kind of method of moving the igniting type multi-cylinder engine; Wherein odd number n cylinder arrangement in upright arrangement; Wherein in service in partial load, cylinder is closed being lower than the predetermined load bottom, it is characterized in that in the part down periods; To light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder, each cylinder of intermittent duty.
In the method according to the invention, in service normally, when all n cylinder is moving and part is closed when invalid, n cylinder all lighted a fire with the igniting of about 720 ℃ of A/n at interval.On the other hand, in the part down periods, lighting a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder, each cylinder of intermittent duty so that in service in partial load, cylinder with the igniting of approximately (2*720 ℃ of A)/(n) at interval by the firing order igniting of revising.Because cylinder portion is closed, igniting is therefore double at interval.Part according to the present invention is closed and is produced unified igniting at interval, i.e. the engine noise of regulated fire pattern, and therefore generation harmony.
In the motor in upright arrangement of the igniting type multi-cylinder with odd number cylinder; The method that part according to the present invention is closed makes to reduce and is bound by the duty cycle loss that the quantitative control carried out through throttle valve causes and becomes possibility; Avoided the irregular ignition pattern simultaneously; Under said irregular ignition pattern, the igniting interval variation, and the discharging of noise produced harmful effect.
According to the method for operation igniting type multi-cylinder of the present invention motor in upright arrangement, proposed a kind ofly under the situation that needn't accept defective aspect the noise emission, can be embodied as the method that motor cuts out by the part of throttling.Compared with prior art, the part according to the present invention method of closing thereby be able to optimize.Therefore realized first purpose of the present invention.
In the present invention, be meant that to cylinder igniting starting ignition promptly produces ignition spark with inflammable or ignitable fuel-air mixture offers cylinder, fuel-air mixture is lighted and is burnt.In this respect, igniting and starting ignition, it is distinct promptly to activate igniting.
More advantageous variant of this method will be discussed in the dependent claims.
The preferred embodiment of the method for operation igniting type three cylinders internal-combustion engine in upright arrangement, wherein in service normally, three cylinders are lighted a fire by the 1-2-3 firing order with the interval of 240 ℃ of A successively; In service in partial load, cylinder is closed being lower than the predetermined load bottom, it is characterized in that; In the part down periods, to light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder, each cylinder of intermittent duty; So that in service in partial load, cylinder is lighted a fire by the firing order 1-3-2 that revises with the igniting of 480 ℃ of A at interval.
Different with existing technology; Do not have concrete cylinder to close in the three cylinder straight engines and do not have concrete cylinder deactivation under the situation as shifter cylinder and in part; But with each cylinder igniting and inactive; Promptly it is closed, only close a cylinder and all the other two cylinders continuation operations at every turn in the operating part of the partial load down periods.The firing order that is fit to helps having guaranteed the regulated fire pattern.
In service normally, promptly all close when invalid when all three cylinders in operation and part, of existing technology, these cylinders with the interval of 240 ℃ of A by firing order 1-2-3 igniting.
Under the part situation of closing, when with each cylinder igniting operation cycle with close an operation cycle, the operation of first cylinder is 1-3-2 according to firing order of the present invention in the operation cycle, unified igniting is spaced apart 480 ℃ of A.
In service in partial load, close a cylinder, the load of two cylinders of feasible residue requires to increase, and this need open throttle valve more air is introduced these cylinders, therefore produces the throttling that ends of internal-combustion engine.
The preferred embodiment of the method for operation igniting type five cylinders internal-combustion engine in upright arrangement, wherein in service normally, five cylinders are lighted a fire by the 1-2-4-5-3 firing order with the interval of 144 ℃ of A successively; In service in partial load; Close being lower than predetermined load bottom cylinder, it is characterized in that, in the part down periods; To light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder; Each cylinder of intermittent duty, so that in service in partial load, cylinder is lighted a fire by the firing order 1-4-3-2-5 that revises with the igniting of 288 ℃ of A at interval.
Description about three cylinder straight engines also is applicable to five cylinder straight engines, therefore please refer to foregoing description.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of this method, adopt direct injection that fuel is offered cylinder.
The first, the fuel direct injection gets in the cylinder, closes self and above detailed description like part; Be the appropriate method of a kind of internal-combustion engine by throttling, thus this dual mode, and promptly part is closed on the one hand; Direct injection on the other hand supports one another, and that is to say in throttling, strengthening each other.
The second, direct injection allows the closing and selectively unlocking of supply of fuel from an operation period to the next operation period.The said characteristic of direct injection combines especially favourable according to the method for the invention; Wherein each cylinder opening and closing successively; That is to say; About fuel consumption, disposal of pollutants and cylinder are effectively promptly closed reliably, the real supply that importantly as far as possible fully stops fuel from an operation period to the next operation period.
Different with direct injection, be impossible assurance to stop fuel fully to transmit the cylinder of into closing when adopting inlet manifold to spray, the principle of this inlet manifold injection relates to wetting tube wall with admission line of fuel equally.
In the preferred embodiment of this method, it is invalid to make to the fuel supply of the cylinder of closing.
In principle, through making igniting invalid, the supply of fuel of the cylinder that can keep shut and can carry out closing of cylinder individually.Yet this is very unfavorable to fuel consumption and disposal of pollutants meeting, also can close the purpose of being pursued with part and promptly reduce fuel consumption and raise the efficiency inconsistent.
Therefore going to stop in the partial load part in service down periods according to the modification of this method of discussing is especially favourable to the shifter cylinder transmission fuel of internal-combustion engine, thereby makes said cylinder out of service reliably.This has also stoped any fuel because the high temperature of residual gas in the combustion chamber of air cylinder, even with igniting all of a sudden, spontaneously burning.
Here; The combustion-supporting air that the sucks shifter cylinder of still flowing through, owing to have no fuel load, it has guaranteed there is not available inflammable or ignitable fuel-air mixture; Even therefore introduced ignition spark, igniting and burning can not take place in cylinder yet.
In the part down periods, shifter cylinder can not influence the power output of internal-combustion engine basically.Do not keep fresh air on the contrary if cut off, the air of input shifter cylinder continues four operation cycles, i.e. air inlets; Compression is expanded, and plays a role in the exhaust; So that shifter cylinder conveying capacity not only; And in cylinder, have to introduce fuel cycle work, this has reduced efficient, that is to say that this is disadvantageous on thermomechanics.
Thus, stop to have superiority to the modification of the said method of shifter cylinder air feed.
Here, invalid cylinder can make itself and combustion-supporting air supply isolated through stop valve.Here must revise admission line, for example, be the independent suction port of each cylinder arrangement.The traditional gas handling system of admission line replacement to revise makes this theory be fit to repacking.
Disposing with the duty cycle is that the embodiment of this method has superiority, and it is characterized in that making the poppet valve of shifter cylinder invalid in the multi-cylinder engine of poppet valve of purpose.
Shifter cylinder with the valve of cutting out worked in the part down periods.In this case; Piston through moving up compresses the air that exists in the cylinder in compression process; Before another discharged, promptly at next stroke before promptly subsequently expansion stroke is introduced into the crank-driven device, this pressurized air was stored merit or energy as spring.Except the tiny friction energy that produces by moving member in the motor, there is not more loss to take place, based on this reason,, in duty cycle, make the valve of shifter cylinder invalid more favourable on thermomechanics compared with allowing air to continue to flow into this cylinder.
In the said modification of this method; Also seldom go wrong for the cylinder fuel supplying equally through manifold injection; Because under the closed condition that valve cuts out and manifold injection is stopped using, do not have fuel to get into cylinder, especially soak into wall and get into through fuel from admission line.
In the preferred embodiment of this method, each cylinder arrangement has spark plug.Spark plug is a kind of ignition installation that is used for reliably introducing ignition spark, and it has necessary serviceability and cheap.
In the preferred embodiment of this method, make the igniting of shifter cylinder invalid.
As stated, strictly speaking, only just can shifter cylinder through stopping supply of fuel, because there is not fuel load also just to have no flammable fuel-air mixture, can lights a fire and burn said fuel-air mixture through introducing ignition spark.
However, even have invalid supply of fuel, light a fire the igniting of shifter cylinder or inactive shifter cylinder through stopping using, and therefore avoid unwanted igniting reliably, as passing through residual gas in the cylinder, this is particularly advantageous.
In the preferred embodiment of this method, be lower than the predetermined load that part is closed takes place at that time, change along with the velocity function of internal-combustion engine.This means and not only have actual load; Will be when being lower than said actual load along with the velocity function of motor is closed a cylinder; But also having method based on engine speed, it defines the partial load scope in performance curve, in said performance curve, carry out part and close.
Realize second portion purpose of the present invention through a kind of cylinder multi-cylinder engine of arranging and disposing igniting in upright arrangement; Promptly provide a kind of ability as the multi-cylinder engine of realizing preceding method; Fight with the countercylinder point and to start the burning of fresh cylinder load; It is characterized in that providing engine control, be used for closing each cylinder through cold run.
That has described is equally applicable to according to multi-cylinder engine of the present invention about method of the present invention, therefore, and please substantially with reference to foregoing description about this method.
The multiple modification of this method needs corresponding internal combustion engine.
In the preferred embodiment of multi-cylinder engine, each cylinder arrangement is useful on the spark plug of introducing igniting.
In the preferred embodiment of multi-cylinder engine, it is the jet nozzles of purpose that each cylinder arrangement has so that fuel to be provided through direct injection.
In the preferred embodiment of multi-cylinder engine, it is the poppet valve of purpose that each cylinder arrangement has with the duty cycle.
In the preferred embodiment of multi-cylinder engine, provide adjustable restrictive valve to be used for Load Control.An advantage of adjustable restrictive valve is part is closed; The i.e. activation of a cylinder and stop using, thus engine torque does not reduce or rising and driver need not be as going to regulate gas pedal under the situation of non-adjustable restrictor to coordinate to keep load with torque having.
This adjustable restrictive valve is preferably automatically controlled throttle valve, and the control of this throttle valve is adopted in engine control.This embodiment also is preferable aspect cost.
At this, realize that through closed-loop policy the adjustable embodiment of throttle valve has superiority.
Description of drawings
Below will illustrate in greater detail the present invention with reference to modification according to Fig. 1 a and the said method of 1b, wherein:
Fig. 1 a is the schematic representation of the burning-point of three cylinders of igniting type three cylinder straight engines when normally moving, and
Fig. 1 b is the schematic representation of part burning-point of three cylinders of igniting type three cylinder straight engines when closing.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 a is the schematic representation of the burning-point of three cylinders 1,2,3 of igniting type three cylinder IC engines when normally moving.
In service normally, wherein with all three cylinders, 1,2,3 igniting, three cylinder 1,2,3 in upright arrangement settings are lighted a fire by firing order 1-2-3 with the interval (shown in the curved arrow) of 240 ℃ of A continuously.Therefore the regulated fire pattern that obtains lighting a fire and be spaced apart 240 ℃ of A.
Four strokes of internal-combustion engine comprise twice rotation of bent axle and form a circulation.Can find out that from Fig. 1 a first outer inside casing 1 is lighted a fire when 0 ℃ of A, first inner cylinders 2 is lighted a fire when 240 ℃ of A, and the 3rd outer inside casing 3 is lighted a fire when 480 ℃ of A.On behalf of first circuit, 720 ℃ of A of last crankangle mark finish and follows second circuit and begin, so crankangle is counted from 0 ℃ of A again here.
The schematic representation of the burning-point of three cylinders 1,2,3 of igniting type three cylinder IC engines when Fig. 1 b representes partly to close.
In service in partial load, under the part situation of closing, close a cylinder 1,2,3, and have only two cylinders 1,2,3 to be lighted a fire, cylinder 1,2,3 light a fires in two circulations and close respectively once at the intermittent duty of part down periods and each cylinder 1,2,3.
Each cylinder 1,2,3 is lighted a fire successively and is closed, and makes that closing cylinder 1,2,3 in service in part lights a fire by firing order 1-3-2 with the interval of 480 ℃ of A.In these part down periods,, obtain the regulated fire pattern that igniting is spaced apart 480 ℃ of A equally at normal operation period.
Can find out that from Fig. 1 b first outer inside casing 1 is lighted a fire during at 0 ℃ of A in first circulation, the 3rd outer inside casing 3 is lighted a fire during at 480 ℃ of A in first circulation, and second inner cylinders 2 is lighted a fire when second circulates in 240 ℃ of A.
Reference mark
1 first cylinder
2 second cylinders
3 the 3rd cylinders
4 four-cylinders
5 the 5th cylinders
℃ A crankangle value
The n cylinder number
Claims (15)
1. method of moving the igniting type multi-cylinder engine; Wherein odd number n cylinder is in upright arrangement arranges, wherein in service in partial load, and cylinder is closed being lower than the predetermined load bottom; It is characterized in that; In the part down periods, to light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder, each cylinder of intermittent duty.
2. the method for operation three cylinders according to claim 1 ignition type engine in upright arrangement, in service normally, three cylinders are lighted a fire by the 1-2-3 firing order with the interval of 240 ℃ of A successively; In service in partial load; Close being lower than predetermined load bottom cylinder, it is characterized in that, in the part down periods; To light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder; Each cylinder of intermittent duty, so that in service in partial load, cylinder is lighted a fire by the firing order 1-3-2 that revises with the igniting of 480 ℃ of A at interval.
3. the method for operation five cylinders according to claim 1 ignition type engine in upright arrangement, wherein in service normally, five cylinders are lighted a fire by the 1-2-4-5-3 firing order with the interval of 144 ℃ of A successively; In service in partial load; Close being lower than predetermined load bottom cylinder, it is characterized in that, in the part down periods; To light a fire successively and to close the mode of each cylinder; Each cylinder of intermittent duty, so that in service in partial load, cylinder is lighted a fire by the firing order 1-4-3-2-5 that revises with the igniting of 288 ℃ of A at interval.
4. according to the method for one of aforesaid right requirement described operation igniting type multi-cylinder engine, it is characterized in that adopting direct injection is the cylinder fueling.
5. one of require described operation to have the method for the igniting type multi-cylinder engine of fuel supply according to aforesaid right, it is invalid to it is characterized in that making to the fuel supply of the cylinder of closing.
6. one of require described operation to have the method for igniting type multi-cylinder engine of the gas handling system of air feed according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that stopping air feed to the cylinder of closing.
7. according to the method for one of aforesaid right requirement described operation igniting type multi-cylinder engine, wherein be that the purpose cylinder is provided with poppet valve, it is characterized in that making the poppet valve of the cylinder of closing invalid with the duty cycle.
8. according to the method for one of aforesaid right requirement described operation igniting type multi-cylinder engine, it is characterized in that each cylinder arrangement has spark plug.
9. according to the method for one of aforesaid right requirement described operation igniting type multi-cylinder engine, it is characterized in that making the igniting of the cylinder of closing invalid.
10. according to the method for one of aforesaid right requirement described operation igniting type multi-cylinder engine, it is characterized in that being lower than the predetermined load that its generation of following time part is closed, conversion along with the velocity function of internal-combustion engine.
11. multi-cylinder engine that is used to realize one of aforesaid right requirement said method; It has an odd number n cylinder (n >=3); Wherein spark ignition is arranged and disposed to the cylinder array; Think cylinder igniting and the burning that starts the virgin gas cylinder fuel, it is characterized in that providing through making cold run close the engine control of each cylinder.
12. multi-cylinder engine according to claim 11 is characterized in that each cylinder arrangement has the spark plug that causes igniting.
13., it is characterized in that each cylinder arrangement has jet nozzles in order through direct injection fuel to be provided according to claim 11 or 12 described multi-cylinder engines.
14., it is characterized in that each cylinder is that purpose disposes poppet valve with the duty cycle according to the described multi-cylinder engine of one of claim 11-13.
15. according to the described multi-cylinder engine of one of claim 11-14, it is characterized in that providing adjustable throttle valve, be used for Load Control.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010037362.1 | 2010-09-07 | ||
| DE102010037362A DE102010037362A1 (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2010-09-07 | Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and method for operating a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102400795A true CN102400795A (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| CN102400795B CN102400795B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110251387.4A Active CN102400795B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2011-08-29 | The method of multi-cylinder engine and operation multi-cylinder engine |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8944026B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102400795B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010037362A1 (en) |
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| CN107110033B (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2021-04-27 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Method and device for operating a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| CN111022195A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司 | Cylinder deactivation method for oil saving of in-line 5-cylinder internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120055444A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| CN102400795B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
| US20150142296A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| US8944026B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
| US9556804B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
| DE102010037362A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
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