CN102381809B - Coal mine domestic wastewater treatment device and treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment and treatment method. The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment includes a grid well, a regulating tank, a pre-sedimentation tank and a synchronous biological oxidation tank (Simultaneous Biological Oxidation Tank, SBOT), which are connected in sequence along the direction of sewage flow. The direction is divided into N small pools, and each small pool is set up from top to bottom: the upper water flow channel, the carrier intercepted by the upper carrier interception grid and the lower carrier interception grid, the lower water flow channel near the bottom of the pool, and the lower An aeration pipeline is arranged between the carrier intercepting grid and the lower water flow channel, and a mud discharge pipe communicating with the outside is arranged at the bottom of the pool. The technical solution provided by the invention can effectively reduce the content of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in coal mine domestic sewage, and does not need to set up a secondary sedimentation tank and an activated sludge return system, which greatly simplifies the sewage treatment process and reduces the cost of sewage treatment equipment. invest.

Description

Coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment and treatment method

technical field

The invention relates to domestic sewage equipment and a treatment method, in particular to coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment and a treatment method.

Background technique

With the continuous strengthening of people's awareness of environmental protection, most of the domestic sewage will be discharged into the environment after a series of treatments to make the organic content, suspended solid concentration and ammonia nitrogen content meet the standards.

With the continuous development of China's coal industry, the discharge of domestic sewage from coal mines (including coal mine dormitories, bathhouses, canteens, office buildings, etc.) is also increasing. Compared with urban domestic sewage, coal mine domestic sewage generally has the following characteristics: Its organic matter content is low, pH is 7.3-8.3, CODcr is 50-250 mg·L ^-1 , solid suspended matter SS concentration is 50-200 mg·L ^-1 , ammonia nitrogen is 10-35 mg·L ^-1 .

There are two main existing methods for treating domestic sewage in coal mines: activated sludge method and biofilm method. When using the existing activated sludge method to treat domestic sewage in coal mines, it is generally necessary to use a secondary settling tank for the outflow from the aeration tank. The mixed liquid is separated from mud and water, the supernatant is discharged, part of the concentrated activated sludge is returned to the aeration tank, and the rest is discharged to the sludge concentration tank as surplus sludge. The process system is complex, requires high automation, and occupies a large area. , The project investment and operation cost are high, and the treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen in sewage is not good by using activated sludge method.

When using existing biofilm methods such as: biological contact oxidation process and biological aerated filter process to treat coal mine domestic sewage, the biological contact oxidation process sets fillers in the contact oxidation tank to make microorganisms grow on the surface of the fillers in the form of biofilms. To treat sewage, although it does not require sludge reflux and has no sludge bulking problem, its operation and management are simpler than the activated sludge method, but its water distribution and aeration are prone to unevenness, and at the same time, it needs the secondary sedimentation tank to settle and fall off biological Membrane and flocculent sludge have high project investment and operation costs. Although the biological contact oxidation process can effectively remove the content of organic matter in sewage, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in sewage is low.

Compared with the ordinary activated sludge process, the biological aerated filter process does not produce sludge bulking and does not require subsequent sedimentation tanks (secondary sedimentation tanks), which saves investment in equipment and has better effluent quality, but it is harmful to influent SS The requirements are relatively strict (generally SS≤100mg/L, preferably SS≤60mg/L), the influent water needs to be pretreated, and regular backwashing is required. The backwashing water volume of the filter material is large and the water head loss is large.

How to provide a kind of coal mine sewage treatment equipment and treatment method, which can effectively reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in coal mine sewage while reducing the content of organic matter in coal mine sewage, and does not need to set up secondary sedimentation tanks and activated sludge backflow System, no need to backwash the filter material and limit the SS in the influent has become a problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment, by using a carrier with specific pores and sizes, and a synchronous biological oxidation tank with a specific structure, the simultaneous removal of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the sewage is realized, and no secondary sedimentation tank is required at the same time And the activated sludge return system can greatly save equipment investment while obtaining good effluent water quality.

The present invention also provides a coal mine domestic sewage treatment method. By making the water flow alternately flow up and down in each small pool of the synchronous biological oxidation tank, the sewage is fully in contact with the carrier, through pulsating aeration, and using a carrier with specific pores and sizes, Effectively reduce the content of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in sewage, and achieve a good effluent SS value.

A kind of domestic sewage treatment equipment in coal mine provided by the present invention comprises: grid wells connected sequentially along the sewage flow direction, a regulating tank, a pre-sedimentation tank and a synchronous biological oxidation tank, and a blower arranged inside or outside the synchronous biological oxidation tank Oxygenation device;

The bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank is provided with one or more mud discharge pipes, and the top of the pre-settling tank is provided with a water collection tank;

The synchronous biological oxidation tank is composed of N small pools separated along the direction perpendicular to the bottom of the pool, and each small pool is arranged in sequence from top to bottom: one or more upper water flow channels, intercepted by the upper carrier interception grid and the lower carrier One or more carriers intercepted by the grid, one or more lower water flow channels near the bottom of the pool, and an aeration pipeline is arranged between the lower carrier interception grid and the lower water flow channel, and one or more A mud discharge pipe connected to the outside world, and the aeration pipeline is used to communicate with the blower aeration device to aerate the synchronous biological oxidation tank;

The upper water flow channel and the lower water flow channel are used to realize the one-way flow of sewage in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and the sump of the pre-sedimentation tank communicates with the upper water flow channel of the first small pool that the sewage flows through in the synchronous biological oxidation tank , used to make the sewage flow into the small pool, and the lower water flow channel of the small pool is used to let the sewage flow out. In the synchronous biological oxidation tank, the sewage inflow and outflow pipelines of the two adjacent small pools along the sewage flow direction are opposite, and the upper water flow channel is A channel or a pipe with holes in the pipe wall, and the lower water flow channel is a pipe with holes in the pipe wall;

The carrier is a porous carrier, and the density of holes on the carrier in the last small pool through which the sewage flows in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is 40,000-60,000/m ² , and the density of holes on the carrier in the remaining small pools is 7,000-15,000/m ^2. The total volume of the carrier accounts for 60%-90% of the sewage volume in the pool.

In the solution of the present invention, the synchronous biological oxidation tank (Simultaneous BiologicalOxidation Tank, SBOT) is used to denitrify the sewage while degrading the organic matter in the sewage; the upper water flow channel can be a pipe with holes in the pipe wall. It can also be used to make the sewage flow into the pool through the hole in the pipe or into the pipe through the hole in the pool. into the canal; the lower water flow channel can also be a pipe with holes in the pipe wall, which is used to make the sewage flow into the pool through the holes in the pipe or into the pipe from the pool through the holes. The cross-section of the tube can be circular or cubic, elliptical, etc.; preferably, the small pools in the biological oxidation pool are of equal volume. The polyamide support used in the scheme of the present invention can be prepared using conventional methods.

In the above scheme, the communication mode of each small pool in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is used to realize the inflow and outflow of sewage through different channels in a single small pool (in each small pool, the flow mode of sewage is controlled to flow in from the upper water flow channel, and flow in from the lower part. The water flow channel flows out, or in the opposite way), and realizes one-way flow in the entire synchronous biological oxidation tank, and the sewage flows along the pool facing the lower part of the pool or flows from the lower part of the pool to the pool surface in the two adjacent small pools that flow through in sequence , the water flow patterns of the two adjacent small pools along the water flow direction are opposite. The above connection method makes the water flow alternately downward→up→down→... when the sewage flows through the small pools in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, so that the water flow can fully contact the carrier in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and there is no contact dead angle , and effectively avoid the short flow, so as to make full use of the effective volume of the pool.

In the solution of the present invention, since the daily discharge of domestic sewage in coal mines is several hundred to tens of thousands of tons, of which bathing sewage occupies a certain proportion, bathing is combined with pool bathing and showering, the short-term drainage is large, the day and night changes are large, and the drainage is often very little at night , and the water quality varies greatly between different sources of sewage, so a regulating tank is provided in the sewage treatment equipment of the present invention to adjust the water volume and uniform water quality.

Further, the adjustment pool and the grid well can be built together or separately. Joint construction means that the adjustment pool and the grid well share a pool wall, and the grid well can also be set inside the adjustment pool. Two grids are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the grid well, which are respectively a middle grid and a fine grid. The grid gap width of the middle grid is 10-20mm, and the grid gap width of the fine grid is 1.5-9mm. The adjustment tank and the pre-sedimentation tank are connected by a sewage pump. The sewage pump can be placed in the adjustment tank as a submersible sewage pump, or it can be a dry sewage pump placed in the pump room or pump well outside the adjustment tank. If the sewage entering the grid well For pressurized water, the sewage pump can also be omitted.

Further, the pre-sedimentation tank and the synchronous biological oxidation tank can also be built separately or jointly, and the joint construction means that the pre-sedimentation tank and the synchronous biological oxidation tank share a pool wall, and the pre-sedimentation tank can be a radial flow pre-sedimentation tank , Vertical flow pre-sedimentation tank or horizontal flow pre-settling tank, which can be single tank or multiple tanks. The number N of small pools in the synchronous biological oxidation tank can be 2 to 10, and the porous carrier can be a porous polyurethane carrier. Further, the carrier can be cubic or spherical, and the side length of the cube is 30-120mm, the diameter of the spherical shape is 30-120mm. Considering the effect of sewage treatment and equipment cost, preferably, the synchronous biological oxidation tank is divided into 4 to 8 small pools, which can be separated by partition boards (cement material or other materials that can intercept water flow), or The synchronous biological oxidation pool is directly built into a multi-pool form. Further, the material of the upper carrier intercepting grid and the lower carrier intercepting grid used to intercept the carrier may be stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic or other metals or non-metals. Preferably, the material of the upper carrier intercepting grid and the lower carrier intercepting grid is stainless steel or fiberglass.

In the equipment of the present invention, the blower aeration equipment communicated with the aeration pipeline may be a blower, an air compressor or a jet aerator. The blower and the air compressor can be arranged outside the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and the jet aerator can be arranged inside the synchronous biological oxidation tank. Further, the aeration pipeline is composed of an aeration main pipe, an aeration branch pipe and an aeration pipe, and the aeration pipe is a pipe with holes in the pipe wall, and the aeration pipe is in the lower part of each small pool of the synchronous biological oxidation tank Set along the horizontal direction, the aeration branch pipe is set in the small pool along the vertical direction of the pool wall, and the main aeration pipe is set along the horizontal direction of the top of the synchronous biological oxidation tank. The oxygen provided or air containing oxygen enters the aeration branch pipe connected with it through the aeration main pipe, and then enters the aeration pipe arranged at the lower part of the pool, and enters each small pool through the holes on the pipe wall of the aeration pipe.

The porous carrier in the synchronous biological oxidation tank of the present invention provides a good environment for microorganisms to attach and grow. During the aeration process of the synchronous biological oxidation tank, fungi with different oxygen requirements grow on the carrier from the outside to the inside, and form biological Membrane, under the double action of water flow and aeration gas, the carrier floats up and down between the upper and lower carrier interception grids, fully contacting the sewage in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, so that the organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the sewage are carried by the carrier The fungi are fully degraded.

The present invention also provides a method for treating domestic sewage in coal mines, using the above-mentioned equipment for sewage treatment, the method comprising:

The domestic sewage in the coal mine flows into the adjustment tank after removing the floating matter through the grid well, stays in the adjustment tank for 2-10 hours, then enters the pre-sedimentation tank, and settles in the pre-sedimentation tank for 0.5-2 hours. The surface hydraulic load in the pre-sedimentation tank is controlled to be 1.5～4.5m ³ /(m ² h), the sedimented sand is discharged through the mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank;

The sewage in the pre-sedimentation tank enters the small pool through the upper water flow channel of a small pool of the sump and the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and continues to flow through other small pools through the set upper water flow channel and lower water flow channel. It flows in one direction in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and is discharged from the synchronous biological oxidation tank through the upper water flow channel or the lower water flow channel of the last small tank, and the sediment deposited during the aeration process is discharged through the mud discharge pipe.

In the method provided by the present invention, the unidirectional flow in the synchronous biological oxidation tank means that the sewage flows through the small pools of the synchronous biological oxidation tank in one direction, and at the same time, due to the use of the above-mentioned sewage treatment equipment, the water flows in the phases that flow through in turn. The two adjacent small pools flow along the pool to the lower part of the pool or flow from the lower part of the pool to the pool surface, and the sewage flows in different ways in the two adjacent pools along the water flow direction.

In the sewage treatment method provided by the present invention, under the condition that the daily sewage treatment volume of the sewage treatment equipment is constant, the control of the surface hydraulic load in the pre-settling tank can be realized by controlling the area of the pre-settling tank. In addition, the dissolved oxygen level (DO) in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is controlled to be 1.0-2.0 mg·L ^-1 by means of pulsating aeration. The on-off device (which can be an electric valve or pneumatic valve, etc.) and an automatic control system are realized, that is, when the dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 1.0, the on-off device is connected, and the automatic control system controls the blower aeration device to synchronize biological oxidation. The tank starts to aerate, if the dissolved oxygen in the water has reached 2.0, the on-off device is disconnected, and the blower aeration device is controlled under the automatic control system to stop the aeration of the synchronous biological oxidation tank. The automatic control used in the scheme of the present invention The system and the on-off device are all conventional equipment in the field, and those skilled in the art can make appropriate choices according to the needs. In the solution of the present invention, the main function and purpose of the pulsating aeration are:

①Pulsating aeration and water flow can make the carrier float up and down regularly between the upper and lower interception grids in the synchronous biological oxidation tank. During the floating process of the carrier, the purpose of degrading organic matter and denitrification can be achieved, and at the same time, it is easy to make aging The biofilm falls off and renews, and enables the shed biofilm to sink to the bottom of the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and is discharged out of the tank through the mud discharge pipe, without passing through the floating carrier, so as to ensure that the SS in the effluent water is less than 10mg·L ^-1 .

② The content of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in coal mine domestic sewage is lower than that in urban domestic sewage, and the amount of oxygen required in the biodegradation process is less. The pulsating aeration is used to control the dissolved oxygen (DO) within the range of 1.0-2.0 mg·L ^-1 , and form a dissolved oxygen (DO) gradient from the outside to the inside of the carrier, which not only provides good growth conditions for nitrosifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria with a long growth time, but also facilitates denitrifying bacteria in the anoxic zone inside the carrier growth to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitification, SND).

In addition, the inventors found that domestic water in coal mines is weakly alkaline because it is mainly taken from deep underground wells, and the pH value is mostly in the range of 7.3 to 8.3, while the suitable pH range for the growth of nitrosating bacteria is between 7.0 and 8.5 , both nitrifying bacteria and nitrosifying bacteria are aerobic bacteria, but the affinity of nitrosifying bacteria to oxygen is greater than that of nitrifying bacteria, and nitrite nitrogen will appear under low dissolved oxygen conditions, and when the low dissolved oxygen is 1.0～2.0mg·L ^-1 Under the condition of suitable pH value of 7.3-8.3, it can inhibit the growth of nitrifying bacteria, enrich the nitrosifying bacteria, and realize the accumulation of nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrite nitrogen can be directly converted into nitrogen gas with ammonia nitrogen or organic substrate as the electron donor, thereby Realize Short-cut Nitrification and Denitrification (Short-cut Nitrification and Denitrification), thereby saving oxygen supply and carbon source required for denitrification, shortening reaction time, and reducing excess sludge production.

Furthermore, due to the small scale of domestic sewage treatment in coal mines, organic matter in the effluent of the synchronous biological oxidation tank is fully degraded, ammonia nitrogen is completely oxidized, and the content of suspended solids is also very low, usually less than 10 mg·L ^-1 . Therefore, if it is necessary to reuse the coal mine domestic sewage after the above treatment, it only needs to be filtered to further remove the suspended solids and colloidal substances in the sewage, and the coliforms and bacteria in the sewage can meet the requirements of reuse water through disinfection. Filters, siphon filters, valveless filters or steel structure filters are disinfected with chlorine dioxide or sodium hypochlorite.

The coal mine sewage treatment equipment and treatment method of the present invention have the following advantages:

(1) The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment of the present invention simplifies the sewage treatment process, and can realize synchronous nitrification and denitrification in the synchronous biological oxidation tank. At the same time, the coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment does not need to be equipped with a secondary sedimentation tank, which greatly saves engineering investment costs , At the same time, there is no need for sludge return and nitrification liquid return, the hydraulic retention time of the whole system is short, and the operation steps are simple.

(2) The synchronous biological oxidation tank is composed of multiple small pools. The sewage from the pre-sedimentation tank flows through the small pools of the synchronous biological oxidation tank in turn. The upper and lower parts of each small pool are equipped with water flow channels. The specific communication mode between the small pools makes The water flows in one direction in the pre-sedimentation tank, and makes the water flow in the opposite direction in the two adjacent small pools that flow through in sequence, that is, flows along the pool to the lower part of the pool or flows from the lower part of the pool to the pool surface, effectively avoiding short flow, thus The effective volume in the pool is fully utilized.

(3) The synchronous biological oxidation tank combines the advantages of biofilm method, A/O mud method and microbial immobilization technology. It has large microbial mass, fast mass transfer and fast reaction speed. At the same time, the floating carrier has a good cutting effect on air bubbles and dissolved oxygen High utilization efficiency.

(4) The synchronous biological oxidation tank realizes pulsating aeration through the automatic control system and the on-off device on the aeration branch pipe. Under the action of air flow and water flow, the carrier in the synchronous biological oxidation tank fluctuates up and down regularly, reducing aeration The required energy consumption saves about 40% of the energy consumption compared with other conventional treatment processes. At the same time, the pulsating aeration can make the biofilm detached from the carrier sink to the bottom of the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and through the sludge discharge at the bottom of the synchronous biological oxidation tank The tube drains smoothly out of the pool.

(5) In the synchronous biological oxidation tank, under aerobic conditions, a dissolved oxygen (DO) gradient is formed from the outside to the inside of the carrier, and there are many anoxic microenvironments, so that aerobic nitrosifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria , and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria can survive well on the carrier, thereby creating an anoxic and aerobic environment in space or time, so that nitrification and denitrification can be carried out simultaneously, and at the same time make the whole process system sensitive to raw water Good adaptability to changes in water volume and water quality, and strong impact load capacity.

(6) The effluent water quality of the sewage treatment equipment of the present invention is good, reaching pH 6.5-8.5, CODcr<30mg·L ^-1 , ammonia nitrogen<1mg·L ^-1 , TN<5mg·L ^-1 , SS<10mg·L ^{-1 1} .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of coal mine sewage treatment equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the pre-sedimentation tank and the synchronous biological oxidation tank of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the A-A view of the pre-sedimentation tank and the synchronous biological oxidation tank of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a B-B view of the synchronous biological oxidation tank of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the aeration pipeline of the synchronous biological oxidation tank of the present invention.

Explanation of main reference signs:

1-pre-sedimentation tank; 82-upper water flow channel; 132-lower water flow channel;

2-water inlet pipe; 83-upper water flow channel; 133-lower water flow channel;

3-central water inlet pipe; 84-upper water flow channel; 14-synchronous biological oxidation tank sludge discharge pipe;

4-water inlet baffle; 9-upper carrier interception grid; 15-water collection tank;

5-sink; 10-floating carrier layer; 16-outlet pipe;

6- Pre-sedimentation tank mud discharge pipe; 11- Lower carrier interception grid; 17- Aeration main pipe;

7-synchronous biological oxidation tank; 12-aeration pipe; 18-aeration branch pipe;

81-upper water flow channel; 131-lower water flow channel; 100-coal mine sewage treatment equipment;

101-grid well; 102-adjustment tank; 103-pre-sedimentation tank;

105-blast aeration device; 104-synchronous biological oxidation tank.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

Example 1

The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment 100 shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention is used to treat the coal mine domestic sewage.

The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment 100 includes: a grid well 101 sequentially connected along the sewage flow direction, a regulating tank 102, a pre-sedimentation tank 103 and a synchronous biological oxidation tank 104, and a drum set inside or outside the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 Wind aeration device 105, the bottom of the pre-settling tank 103 is provided with one or more sludge discharge pipes, and the top of the pre-settling tank 103 is provided with a water collection tank;

The synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 is used to denitrify the sewage while degrading the organic matter in the sewage. It is composed of N small pools divided into N small pools along the direction perpendicular to the bottom of the pool. Each small pool is arranged sequentially from top to bottom: one One or more upper water flow channels, one or more carriers intercepted by the upper carrier interception grid and the lower carrier interception grid, one or more lower water flow channels near the bottom of the pool, and the lower carrier interception grid and the lower water flow channel An aeration pipeline is arranged between them, and one or more sludge discharge pipes communicating with the outside world are arranged at the bottom of the tank, and the aeration pipeline is used to communicate with the blast aeration device 105 to aerate the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104;

The upper water flow channel and the lower water flow channel are used to realize the one-way flow of sewage in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104, the sump of the pre-sedimentation tank 103 and the upper part of the first small pool that the sewage flows through in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 The water flow channel is connected to allow the sewage to flow into the small pool, and the lower water flow channel of the small pool is used to allow the sewage to flow out. In the synchronous biological oxidation pool 104, the sewage inflow and outflow pipelines of the two adjacent small pools along the sewage flow direction are opposite, and the said The upper water flow passage is a canal or a pipe with holes in the pipe wall, and the lower water flow passage is a pipe with holes in the pipe wall;

The carrier is a porous carrier, and the density of holes on the carrier in the last small pool through which the sewage flows in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 is 40,000-60,000/m ² , and the density of holes on the carrier in the remaining small pools is 7,000-15,000/m2. m ² , the total volume of the carrier accounts for 60%-90% of the sewage volume in the pond.

The grid well 101 is communicated with the regulating tank 102 through a pipe or a channel, and the regulating tank 102 is communicated with the pre-sedimentation tank 103 through a sewage pump, a pipe or a channel; the sump of the pre-settling tank 103 and the synchronous biological oxidation The upper water passage of a small pond in the pool 104 is connected, and as the water level of the sewage in the pre-sedimentation tank 103 rises, the sewage flows into the sump of the pre-settling tank 103, and passes through the sump and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 communicated with it. The upper water flow channel of a small pond enters the synchronous biological oxidation pond 104.

The method of using the above coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment 100 to treat coal mine domestic sewage includes:

The coal mine domestic sewage flows into the adjustment tank 102 after removing floating matter through the grid well 101, stays in the adjustment tank 102 for 2-10 hours, and then enters the pre-sedimentation tank 103, settles in the pre-settling tank 103 for 0.5-2 hours, and controls the pre-settling tank The surface hydraulic load in 103 is 1.5-4.5m ³ /(m ² ·h), and the sedimented mud and sand are discharged through the mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank 103;

The sewage in the pre-sedimentation tank 103 enters the small pool through the upper water flow channel of a small pool of the sump and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104, and continues to flow through other small pools through the set upper water flow channel and lower water flow channel. The sewage flows in one direction in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104, and is discharged from the synchronous biological oxidation tank through the upper water flow channel or the lower water flow channel of the last small tank, and the sediment deposited during the aeration process is discharged through the mud discharge pipe.

The communication mode between the small pools of the above-mentioned synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 makes the water flow one-way in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104, and makes the water flow flow in the opposite direction in the adjacent two small pools that flow through in sequence, that is, in each small pool , the flow of sewage is controlled to flow in from the upper water flow channel, flow out from the lower water flow channel, or the opposite way, and in two adjacent small pools, the flow of sewage is opposite, for example, when flowing through two adjacent small pools Among them, the sewage flows in from the pool surface and from the bottom of the pool respectively, and flows through all the small pools according to this rule. On the premise of ensuring that the small pools connected with the pre-sedimentation tank 103 pass through the upper water flow channel, the arrangement of the divided small pools in the synchronous oxidation tank can be set as required. When the number of small pools N=2, the two small pools are connected through the lower water flow channel, and the water flows out through the upper water flow channel of the second small pool; when N>2 is an odd number, the upper water flow channel of the N-1 small pool is connected with The upper water flow channel of the Nth small pool is connected, and flows out through the lower water flow channel of the Nth small pool; when N>2 is an even number, the lower water flow channel of the N-1th small pool is connected with the lower water flow channel of the Nth small pool, It flows out through the upper water flow channel of the Nth small pool. The aeration method can be pulsating aeration, and the sediment deposited during the aeration process is discharged through the mud discharge pipes at the bottom of each small tank in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 104 .

In the above method, when the daily sewage treatment volume of the sewage treatment equipment is constant, the control of the surface hydraulic load in the pre-sedimentation tank can be realized by controlling the area of the pre-settling tank, and synchronous biological oxidation is controlled by pulsating aeration. The dissolved oxygen level (DO) in the tank is 1.0-2.0 mg·L ^-1 , and the above-mentioned pulsating aeration can pass through the on-off device (which can be an electric valve or a pneumatic valve, etc.) ) and the automatic control system, that is, when the dissolved oxygen in the water is lower than 1.0, the on-off device is connected, and the automatic control system controls the blower aeration device to start aerating the synchronous biological oxidation tank. If the dissolved oxygen in the water has When it reaches 2.0, the on-off device is disconnected, and the automatic control system controls the blast aeration device to stop aerating the synchronous biological oxidation tank.

Using the sewage treatment equipment of this embodiment can simultaneously realize the reduction of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen content in coal mine domestic sewage and the SS value of effluent according to the above method, and at the same time, no secondary sedimentation tank and activated sludge return flow are required, and the equipment investment is small.

Example 2

Coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment is used to treat coal mine domestic sewage by using the synchronous biological oxidation tank divided into 6 small pools.

The plan view of the pre-sedimentation tank 1 and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 of the domestic sewage treatment equipment in this embodiment is shown in Figure 2, the A-A view of the pre-settling tank 1 and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 is shown in Figure 3, and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 The B-B view of is shown in Figure 4, and the perspective view of the aeration pipeline of the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 is shown in Figure 5.

In this embodiment, the pre-sedimentation tank 1 uses two cubic vertical flow sedimentation tanks to operate in parallel, and the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 uses six small tanks to operate in series. The series connection can refer to the arrangement of each small tank in a row, or in two rows, etc. As long as the water flows through the small pools sequentially in one direction, the operation process of the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7 will be described below with the series connection of the small pools in the synchronous biological oxidation tank 7: the sewage passes through the collector at the top of the pre-sedimentation tank The water tank 5 flows into the upper water flow channel 81 of the small pool ①, and the upper water flow channel 81 is a water channel. The water flow overflows from the two weirs of the water channel, flows evenly along the surface of the small pool ① to the lower part of the pool, and then flows into the bottom of the small pool ① and the bottom of the small pool ② And communicated lower water flow channel 131, the lower water flow channel is a porous tube, the water flows in from the hole in the bottom part of the lower water flow channel 131 at the bottom of the small pool ①, flows out into the small pool ② through the hole at the bottom of the small pool ②, and then Flow evenly from the lower part of the small pool ② to the surface of the pool, and then the sewage enters the upper water flow channel 82 arranged on the upper part of the small pool ② and the upper part of the small pool ③. The weir flows in from the weir on the upper water flow channel of the small pool ③ and flows out into the small pool ③, and then flows evenly from the surface of the small pool ③ to the lower part of the pool. 132 connected, the flow mode of the water flow in the small pool ④ is the same as that of the small pool ②, the small pool ④ and the small pool ⑤ are connected through the upper water flow channel 83 arranged on the upper part of the two pools, the flow mode of the water flow in the small pool ⑤ is the same as that of the small pool ①, and the small pool ⑤ is connected with the small pool ⑤ The small pool ⑥ communicates with the lower water flow channel 133 provided at the bottom of the two pools. The flow of water in the small pool ⑥ is the same as that of the small pool ②. The water flow is finally discharged through the upper water flow channel 84 of the small pool ⑥. The last small pool (small pool ⑥ The number of holes on the carrier in ) is 40,000-60,000/m ² , the number of holes on the carrier in the other small pools is 7,000-15,000/m ² , and the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is controlled at 1.0-2.0mg ·L ^-1 .

The working process of the sewage treatment equipment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 5:

(1) Make the domestic sewage of the coal mine flow into the adjustment tank (not shown) after removing floating matter through the grid well (not shown), and stay in the adjustment tank for 5 hours. The grid has two grids, the grid spacing of the middle grid is 10mm, and the grid spacing of the fine grid is 3mm. The grid well and the regulating pool are built together.

(2) The domestic sewage is lifted from the adjustment tank by the submersible sewage pump (not shown) and enters the pre-sedimentation tank through the water inlet pipe 2, the central water inlet pipe 3, and the water inlet baffle 4, and settles in the pre-sedimentation tank 1 for 0.8h to control the pre-sedimentation The surface hydraulic load in tank 1 is 2.5m ³ /(m ² ·h), and the precipitated mud and sand are discharged through the mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank. The upper water flow channel 81 connected to the synchronous biological oxidation tank enters the small pool ① in the synchronous biological oxidation tank. The hydraulic retention time in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is 6h. The carrier in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is a cubic polyurethane carrier with a side length of 60mm. The total volume of the carrier accounts for 60%-90% of the sewage volume in the pool.

(3) After the sewage is evenly distributed into the small pool ①, it passes through the upper carrier interception grid 9, the floating carrier layer 10, the lower carrier interception grid 11 from top to bottom, and then enters the lower water flow channel 131.

(4) The sewage enters the small pool ② through the lower water flow channel 131, and is evenly distributed to the lower area of the small pool ②, and then passes through the lower carrier interception grid 11, the floating carrier layer 10, and the upper carrier interception grid 9 from bottom to top, Enter the upper water flow channel 82, and flow into the small pond ③ through the upper water flow channel 82.

(5) Small pools ①, ③, and ⑤ operate in the same way, and water flows from top to bottom. Small pools ②, ④, ⑥ operate in the same mode, and water flows from bottom to top.

(6) The water flows from the pre-sedimentation tank to the small pond ① of the synchronous biological oxidation tank, from the small pond ② to the small pond ③, from the small pond ④ to the small pond ⑤, from the small pond ⑥ to the sump 15, all through the upper water flow channel; the water flow from the small pond ① The flow to the small pond ②, the flow from the small pond ③ to the small pond ④, and the flow from the small pond ⑤ to the small pond ⑥ are all completed through the lower water flow channel.

(7) The sewage in the synchronous biological oxidation tank finally enters the sump 15 through the upper water flow channel 84 of the small pool ⑥, and then is discharged from the synchronous biological oxidation tank by the outlet pipe 16 .

(8) The sludge settled in the pre-sedimentation tank is discharged out of the pond through the pre-settling tank mud discharge pipe 6, and the sludge in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is discharged from the pond through the synchronous biological oxidation tank mud discharge pipe 14, and the pre-settling tank mud discharge pipe 6 and The sludge discharge pipes 14 of the synchronous biological oxidation tank are all porous pipes.

Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the aeration pipeline of synchronous biological oxidation pond of the present invention, and described aeration pipeline comprises aeration main pipe, aeration branch pipe and aeration pipe, and aeration main pipe is arranged on the outside of synchronous biological oxidation pond The blower (not shown) is connected, and the air or oxygen from the blower enters the aeration main pipe 17 (as shown by arrow A), then enters the aeration branch pipe 18 by the aeration main pipe 17, and then enters the aeration pipe 12, and the aeration The hole on the pipe wall of the pipe 12 enters the pool, and the aeration branch pipe 18 is provided with an electric valve or a pneumatic valve as an on-off device, and an automatic control system is used to control the pulsating aeration.

If you want to reuse the sewage discharged from the synchronous biological oxidation tank, you can use a gravity valveless filter to filter the sewage. The filter material can be double-layer filter material of anthracite and quartz sand, with a normal filter rate, such as 6m/h After filtering, the filtered water can be reused after disinfection with chlorine dioxide.

There is no sludge reflux system and regeneration liquid reflux system in the whole process. Compared with the conventional domestic sewage treatment process, energy consumption can be saved by about 40%.

Table 1 Water quality before and after treatment of domestic sewage in a coal mine

Note: The unit of turbidity in Table 1 is NTU, and the other indexes are mg·L ^-1 except pH value.

As can be seen from Table 1, using the sewage treatment equipment and treatment device of the present invention, the SS value of suspended solids in coal mine domestic sewage, organic matter, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen content are all significantly reduced, meeting the sewage discharge requirements.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment, including: a grid well, a regulating tank, a pre-sedimentation tank, and a synchronous biological oxidation tank connected sequentially along the direction of sewage flow, and a blower oxygenation tank arranged inside or outside the synchronous biological oxidation tank device; The bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank is provided with one or more mud discharge pipes, and the top of the pre-settling tank is provided with a water collection tank; The synchronous biological oxidation tank is composed of N small pools separated along the direction perpendicular to the bottom of the pool, and each small pool is arranged in sequence from top to bottom: one or more upper water flow channels, intercepted by the upper carrier interception grid and the lower carrier One or more carriers intercepted by the grid, one or more lower water flow channels near the bottom of the pool, and an aeration pipeline is arranged between the lower carrier interception grid and the lower water flow channel, and one or more A mud discharge pipe connected to the outside world, and the aeration pipeline is used to communicate with the blower aeration device to aerate the synchronous biological oxidation tank; The upper water flow channel and the lower water flow channel are used to realize the one-way flow of sewage in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and the sump of the pre-sedimentation tank communicates with the upper water flow channel of the first small pool that the sewage flows through in the synchronous biological oxidation tank , used to make the sewage flow into the small pool, and the lower water flow channel of the small pool is used to let the sewage flow out. In the synchronous biological oxidation tank, the sewage inflow and outflow pipelines of the two adjacent small pools along the sewage flow direction are opposite, and the upper water flow channel is A channel or a pipe with holes in the pipe wall, and the lower water flow channel is a pipe with holes in the pipe wall; The carrier is a porous carrier, and the density of holes on the carrier in the last small pool through which the sewage flows in the synchronous biological oxidation tank is 40,000-60,000/m ² , and the density of holes on the carrier in the remaining small pools is 7,000-15,000/m ^2. The total volume of the carrier accounts for 60%-90% of the sewage volume in the pool. 2. The coal mine sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein 2≤N≤10. 3. The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, the carrier is a porous polyurethane carrier. 4. The coal mine sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the carrier is cubic or spherical, the side length of the cube is 30-120mm, and the diameter of the spherical shape is 30-120mm. 5. The coal mine sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the upper carrier intercepting grid and the lower carrier intercepting grid are stainless steel intercepting grids or glass fiber reinforced plastic intercepting grids. 6. The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, two grids are sequentially arranged in the grid well along the water flow direction, which are respectively a middle grid and a fine grid, and the middle grid The grid gap width of the grid is 10-20mm, and the grid gap width of the fine grid is 1.5-9mm. 7. The coal mine domestic sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the pre-settling tank is a radial flow pre-settling tank, a vertical flow pre-settling tank or an advective flow pre-settling tank. 8. The domestic sewage treatment equipment in coal mine according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the blower aeration device is a blower, an air compressor or a jet aerator. 9. A coal mine domestic sewage treatment method, utilizing the equipment described in any one of claims 1-8 to carry out sewage treatment, the method comprising: The domestic sewage in the coal mine flows into the adjustment tank after removing the floating matter through the grid well, stays in the adjustment tank for 2-10 hours, then enters the pre-sedimentation tank, and settles in the pre-sedimentation tank for 0.5-2 hours. The surface hydraulic load in the pre-sedimentation tank is controlled to be 1.5～4.5m ³ /(m ² h), the sedimented sand is discharged through the mud discharge pipe at the bottom of the pre-sedimentation tank; The sewage in the pre-sedimentation tank enters the small pool through the upper water flow channel of a small pool of the sump and the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and continues to flow through other small pools through the set upper water flow channel and lower water flow channel. It flows in one direction in the synchronous biological oxidation tank, and is discharged from the synchronous biological oxidation tank through the upper water flow channel or the lower water flow channel of the last small tank, and the sediment deposited during the aeration process is discharged through the mud discharge pipe. 10. The coal mine domestic sewage treatment method according to claim 9, using pulsating aeration to control the dissolved oxygen concentration in the synchronous biological oxidation tank to be 1.0-2.0 mg·L ^-1 .

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