CN102381764B - Method for improving running effect of artificial wetland in winter - Google Patents

Method for improving running effect of artificial wetland in winter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102381764B
CN102381764B CN2011102871658A CN201110287165A CN102381764B CN 102381764 B CN102381764 B CN 102381764B CN 2011102871658 A CN2011102871658 A CN 2011102871658A CN 201110287165 A CN201110287165 A CN 201110287165A CN 102381764 B CN102381764 B CN 102381764B
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artificial swamp
plant
wetland
sewage
fermentation
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CN102381764A (en
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郑正
颜诚
李博
聂耳
王东
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Fudan University
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Fudan University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering and in particular discloses a method for improving the running effect of an artificial wetland in winter. The method comprises the following steps of: planting water plants which are easy to harvest in the artificial wetland; harvesting a part of plants of the artificial wetland in winter which are used for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas; and then heating the sewage nearby the plant roots of the artificial wetland by using the heat energy produced by biogas burning to improve the activity of microbial population around the roots and maintain sewage-purifying capability of the wetland at low temperature in winter. The biogas residues produced by fermentation are composted and are used as organic fertilizers to breed wetland landscape plants. The method does not have wastes discharge and secondary pollution in the whole process and has the advantages of less construction investment, good treatment effect, low running cost and simple and easy management.

Description

A kind of method that improves the artificial wetland winter operation effect
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology, be specifically related to a kind of method that improves the artificial wetland winter operation effect.
Background technology
Artificial swamp be people to imitation and the reinforcement of natural wetland, it is by utilizing the filteration of wet land filler, and series of physical, chemistry and the biological respinse of microorganism purified waste water between wetland plant itself and root system of plant.Artificial swamp can be used to handle multiple pollutents such as sanitary sewage, trade effluent and agricultural effluent, has advantages such as build and running cost is low, treatment effect is good, simple to operate, easy to maintenance.
Muskeg is as one of artificial swamp core, and its upgrowth situation will directly or indirectly influence artificial swamp to the decontamination effect improving of sewage.Temperature is bigger to Vegetation Effect, winter vegetation growth slowly even withered, the microorganism between the wetland plant root system is also because the lower and active reduction of temperature, this all makes the assimilation effect variation of artificial swamp to nutritive substance such as N, P in the sewage.Particularly behind the constructed wetland plant withered death, its residual body rots to decompose in artificial swamp, can make the artificial wetland effluent water quality deterioration; Oarse-grained wetland plant soil ulmin also can stop up the space of basic filler, makes artificial swamp face the danger of inefficacy.Simultaneously, the microorganism that originally was grown between root system of plant also will can't be brought into play it to the decontamination effect improving of sewage because losing good bio-carrier.Therefore, how keeping the temperature of microorganism between constructed wetland plant and root system thereof in the winter time, make the growth that they in the winter time still can be good, is to break through the key that artificial swamp is applied bottleneck.
Artificial swamp heat preserving mode commonly used comprises: covering the wetland top layer after the wetland plant harvesting, to form thermal insulation layer; Build the wetland insulating shell and cover whole wetland surface; On wetland, build the heat preservation greenhouse in similar greenhouse.Above method has many disadvantages: directly overlay on the wetland after the wetland plant results, temperature gos up the back if untimely removing then can be caused secondary pollution because of the rotten decomposition of plant, influences effluent quality; More serious even can destroy wetland structure, oarse-grained wetland plant soil ulmin can stop up filler, makes artificial swamp lose efficacy.If remove the wetland plant of covering on time, then can increase the processing cost expense of wetland, weakened the economy that wetland is disposed of sewage.Building insulating shell and heat preservation greenhouse has then increased construction and the management maintenance cost of artificial swamp significantly, is difficult to embody the economy that artificial swamp is disposed of sewage.
The characteristics of constructed wetland plant are: biomass is big, and rate of propagation is exceedingly fast; Rely on the nutritive elements such as N, P in the sewage fully, it is lower to cultivate cost; Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose level are higher, and content of lignin is lower.Above characteristics all make constructed wetland plant very be fit to anaerobically fermenting and produce biogas, and the biogas that produces is used further in the insulation of constructed wetland plant and root system microorganism, then can effectively improve the operating performance of artificial wetland winter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for low, the profitable raising artificial wetland winter operation effect of a kind of cost.
The method of raising artificial wetland winter operation effect provided by the invention, be to utilize constructed wetland plant partly to gather in the crops post anaerobic fermentation to give birth to biogas, the heat energy that the burning of recycling biogas produces heats near the sewage the constructed wetland plant root system, thereby improves artificial swamp wastewater treatment efficiency in the winter time.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) waterplant that plantation is easy to gather in the crops in artificial swamp is as Herba Eichhorniae, reed and rye grass etc.;
(2) in the winter time during low temperature, the part plant in the results artificial swamp is used for carrying out anaerobically fermenting, produces biogas;
(3) biogas that produces of the fermentation burning that acts as a fuel, the heating constructed wetland plant root system sewage on every side of flowing through improves artificial swamp for the detergent power of sewage with this;
(4) purified by artificial swamp after the former water mixing that the natural pond liquid of fermentation back generation and artificial swamp need be handled;
(5) the natural pond slag that the back produces that will ferment is made organic fertilizer through compost, turns waste into wealth.
Among the present invention, the amount of the plant of results artificial swamp is wanted to guarantee that anaerobically fermenting can produce enough biogas amounts, and the amount of the plant that keeps is also wanted to keep certain sewage purification ability, and generally controlling harvest yield is 20%-50% of total amount, and ratio is half results, half reservation preferably.
Among the present invention, the kind of the plant of results artificial swamp will select to be easy to the plant of anaerobically fermenting as far as possible, for example chooses the plant that Herba Eichhorniae, reed and rice grass etc. are easy to gather in the crops.Note selected floristic proportioning during results, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the anaerobically fermenting that satisfy to be fit to the allotment fermentation raw material (C/N satisfies (20 ~ 30): 1, and with carrying out smoothly of assurance anaerobically fermenting.
Among the present invention, if the constructed wetland plant that keeps is difficult to reach the wastewater purifying efficiency of expection because of comparatively small amt, can reseed some constructed wetland plants again.
Among the present invention, the biogas that fermentation produces can also be used to generating except the burning heating sewage that can directly act as a fuel, utilize electric energy to heat sewage flexibly then; There have as electric energy to be unnecessary, also can utilize electric energy to keep the temperature of anaerobically fermenting, sewage is carried out aeration or to outside mains supply.
Among the present invention, the natural pond liquid that fermentation back produces can be directly with after the former water that needs the artificial swamp processing mixes, the feeding artificial swamp purifies; Perhaps in order to alleviate the pollution load of artificial swamp, natural pond liquid is stored in the liquid storage tank, mixes back feeding artificial swamp with former water in batches and purify.
Among the present invention, the natural pond slag that fermentation back produces can compost after as organic fertilizer, around artificial swamp, cultivate landscape plant, to enrich the view of artificial swamp, with environment and the social benefit that improves whole wetland.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention is burnt by biogas, heats the constructed wetland plant root system sewage on every side of flowing through, and has improved the root system clean dirty ability of microorganism on every side, thereby has well solved the artificial swamp problem of poor processing effect in the winter time.
(2) raw material of one aspect of the present invention hybrid anaerobic fermentation output biogas comes from artificial swamp self growing plants, has saved the expense of buying fermentation raw material; On the other hand, part is gathered in the crops wetland plant in the winter time, makes that it can not withered in wetland, death and rotten, has well avoided wetland plant secondary pollution and wetland blocking problem.
(3) the whole process of the present invention has all embodied the thought of changing rejected material to useful resource recycle, does not have discharging wastes and secondary pollution basically.Enter wetland after the natural pond liquid that fermentation produces and the former water that need handle mix and handle, the natural pond slag that fermentation produces then carries out being used as organic fertilizer behind the compost.
(4) the present invention not only has good environmental benefit, also has good social benefit.Through making rational planning for, utilize the natural pond slag to make organic fertilizer at wetland periphery plantation landscape plant, can turn the simple artificial swamp of disposing of sewage into the artificial swamp park.It has also improved the wetland peripheral ecological environment when disposing of sewage, for people provide a good amusement and recreation place.
(5) the present invention has the advantage that construction investment is few, treatment effect good, working cost is low, management is simple.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below by embodiment:
A kind of about improving the artificial swamp method of operating performance in the winter time, it heats the constructed wetland plant root system sewage on every side of flowing through by the biogas burning, improve the root system clean dirty ability of microorganism on every side, thereby solved the artificial swamp problem of poor processing effect in the winter time.
Below be concrete step:
What plant in the artificial swamp is Herba Eichhorniae, comes to gather in the crops half in the winter time temporarily.After the Herba Eichhorniae fragmentation with seed sludge according to 1:1TS, hybrid anaerobic fermentation produces biogas under 35 ℃ of conditions.Fermentation system adopts common 100m 3Fermentor tank, one batch is gone through 80d generation biogas is 1900m 3, the calorific value of biogas is according to 25MJ/m 3Calculate, produce 47500 MJ energy.Anaerobically fermenting need heat in the winter time, is 0 ℃ according to the mixed fermentation liquid temp, and heating fermentation temperature required is 35 ℃, the specific heat capacity 4.2kJ/ (kg of fermentation raw material mixed solution
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
℃) calculate, the heat energy of fermentor tank heating needs is 14700MJ in the winter time.The heat energy that burning biogas produces is kept outside the needed heat of normal fermentation so remove much larger than keeping the required heat energy of fermentation, also has the energy of 32800 MJ can be used for heating constructed wetland plant root system water on every side.According to water being heated to 20 ℃ of calculating, these energy can add 390 tons of hot water, can keep the operation in the winter time of general artificial swamp fully.
When biogas is supplied with in the energy heating wetland sewage in the water distributing pipe, because the temperature of sewage has remained on higher level around the wetland plant root system, make that microbic activity can not descend because of the reduction of temperature around the root system, last artificial swamp has also been obtained good clean dirty effect in the winter time.Be discharged in the artificial swamp after the natural pond liquid that fermentation produces and former water mix according to 1:8--1:15 volume ratio (preferred 1:10) and handle, effluent quality is good.Make organic fertilizer behind the natural pond slag muck fertilizer that fermentation produces, it is used to plant landscape plant around wetland.

Claims (5)

1. method that improves the artificial wetland winter operation effect is characterized in that concrete steps are:
(1) waterplant that plantation is easy to gather in the crops in artificial swamp, described waterplant comprises Herba Eichhorniae, reed and rye grass;
(2) in the winter time during low temperature, the part plant in the results artificial swamp is used for carrying out anaerobically fermenting, produces biogas;
(3) biogas that the produces burning that acts as a fuel of will fermenting, the heating constructed wetland plant root system sewage on every side of flowing through improves artificial swamp for the detergent power of sewage with this;
(4) purified by artificial swamp after the former water mixing that the natural pond liquid of fermentation back generation and artificial swamp need be handled;
(5) the natural pond slag of fermentation back generation is made organic fertilizer through compost, turns waste into wealth;
Wherein, the amount of the plant of described results artificial swamp is 20%-50% of plant total amount;
The natural pond liquid that produces after the fermentation directly mixes back feeding artificial swamp and purifies with the former water that needs artificial swamp to handle; Perhaps natural pond liquid is stored in the liquid storage tank, mixes back feeding artificial swamp with former water in batches and purify.
2. the raising artificial swamp according to claim 1 method of operating performance in the winter time, it is characterized in that, the plant of results artificial swamp selects to be easy to the plant of anaerobically fermenting, note selected floristic proportioning during results, the C/N that the allotment fermentation raw material satisfies anaerobically fermenting is (20 ~ 30): 1, and to guarantee carrying out smoothly of anaerobically fermenting.
3. the raising artificial swamp according to claim 1 method of operating performance in the winter time is characterized in that, when being difficult to reach the wastewater purifying efficiency of expection when the constructed wetland plant comparatively small amt that keeps, reseeds some constructed wetland plants again.
4. the raising artificial swamp according to claim 1 method of operating performance in the winter time is characterized in that, the biogas that fermentation produces also is used for generating except the burning heating sewage that directly acts as a fuel, utilize electric energy to heat sewage then; There have as electric energy to be unnecessary, then utilizes electric energy to keep the temperature of anaerobically fermenting, sewage is carried out aeration, perhaps to outside mains supply.
5. the raising artificial swamp according to claim 1 method of operating performance in the winter time is characterized in that, is used for cultivating landscape plant around artificial swamp as organic fertilizer behind the natural pond slag muck fertilizer that the fermentation back produces, to enrich the view of artificial swamp.
CN2011102871658A 2011-09-26 2011-09-26 Method for improving running effect of artificial wetland in winter Expired - Fee Related CN102381764B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3109094A1 (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-15 Maxime Duhamel Process of treatment and degradation of organic micropollutants by fermentation of plants

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CN103936160B (en) * 2014-04-09 2015-12-16 东华大学 A kind of underground heat is from warm horizontal drowned flow artificial wet land Sewage treatment systems
CN105314737A (en) * 2015-12-03 2016-02-10 深圳盖雅环境科技有限公司 Constructed wetland sewage treatment system and sewage purification method
CN108569769B (en) * 2017-08-28 2021-09-03 东北师范大学 Vertical-flow constructed wetland biogas utilization system
CN108862594A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-11-23 中山市和智电子科技有限公司 It is a kind of vibration and constant temperature artificial marsh sewage treatment system
CN114349549B (en) * 2022-01-30 2023-02-24 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 Low-carbon-emission treatment method for aquatic plant residues

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CN100579923C (en) * 2007-12-26 2010-01-13 南京大学 ''Earthworm-hydrophyte-anaerobic microorganism'' combined technique for treating organic waste water

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3109094A1 (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-15 Maxime Duhamel Process of treatment and degradation of organic micropollutants by fermentation of plants
WO2021209692A1 (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-21 Communaute De Communes Des Portes De Meuse Method for treating and degrading organic micropollutants by means of plant formation

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