A kind of charge-discharge control method for hybrid electric vehicle
Technical field
The invention belongs to hybrid vehicle control field, relate to a kind of charge/discharge control method of hybrid vehicle.
Background technology
Hybrid vehicle has been introduced motor and more high-capacity battery on the basis of orthodox car.When the chaufeur torque that demand is large under the operating modes such as acceleration or climbing, battery discharge, motor carries out power-assisted, and driving engine and motor are exported torque jointly; When chaufeur sliding, slowing down or the operating mode such as braking under time, motor enters power generation mode, charges the battery.
In order to realize motor assist function, the state-of-charge of battery in driving process (State of Charge, SOC) can not be too low; In order to reclaim, slide, the vehicle energy under deceleration or damped condition, the SOC of battery again can not be too high.In driving process, in order to improve the efficiency of whole hybrid power system, the size that discharges and recharges power also will be considered the operation point of driving engine, reduces the loss in efficiency of driving engine.Therefore, opportunity that discharges and recharges of hybrid vehicle and discharge and recharge watt level and need to carry out Comprehensive Control.
In the research at present hybrid vehicle being discharged and recharged, or do not have to consider that in detail battery SOC, the speed of a motor vehicle, demand power and electric power etc. are to discharging and recharging the combined influence on opportunity, or there is no to consider to discharge and recharge the size of power.
Summary of the invention
For solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of charge/discharge control method of hybrid vehicle, object is that battery charge state, the speed of a motor vehicle, chaufeur demand power and the electric power according to hybrid vehicle selected the appropriate opportunity that discharges and recharges and discharge and recharge watt level.
The present invention is specifically by the following technical solutions:
A charge-discharge control method for hybrid electric vehicle, is characterized in that, described control method comprises the following steps:
(1) judge that whether described hybrid vehicle is in drive pattern, if not, enter other master mode, otherwise enter next step;
(2) according to the first demand torque threshold T q under described hybrid vehicle present engine rotating speed
1with the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC of the battery under current vehicle speed
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3, set up and discharge and recharge control policy zone chart, wherein said the first demand torque threshold T q under current state
1with the second demand torque threshold T q
2be respectively motor torque lower limit and motor torque higher limit that present engine rotating speed is corresponding; Described the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3reducing successively, is respectively the curve changing with the speed of a motor vehicle, by Experimental Calibration, obtains;
(3) calculate demand torque and the battery charge state under hybrid vehicle current state, according to the control policy zone chart that discharges and recharges under current state, judge the current residing control area of described hybrid vehicle;
(4), according to the current residing control area of vehicle, according to each control area pre-establishing, discharge and recharge control policy and discharge and recharge selection and discharge and recharge power control.
In described step (two), according to battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC under current vehicle speed
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3, and the first demand torque threshold T q under present engine rotating speed
1, the second demand torque threshold T q
2be divided into the first to the 6th control area (A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2) totally 6 controles area, wherein the first to the 3rd control area (A1, B1, C1) is battery discharge region, and the 4th to the 6th control area (A2, B2, C2) is battery charging region;
Further, on the whole performance map of driving engine, determine the consumption minimization of driving engine equipower line, consumption minimization is multiplied by 110% and obtains allowing oil consumption, find the corresponding engine working point that allows oil consumption, these are put in corresponding motor torque, minimum motor torque is the first demand torque threshold value, maximum motor torque is the second demand torque threshold value, the corresponding first demand torque threshold value of each engine power and a second demand torque threshold value, all engine powers are just corresponding the first demand torque thresholding line Tq
1with the second demand torque thresholding line Tq
2.Torque threshold value and engine power are corresponding one by one, also corresponding one by one with engine speed, record engine speed and can obtain torque threshold value.In described step (two), the first to the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value is all functions of the speed of a motor vehicle, and its change curve is determined by Experimental Calibration.
In described step (three), the demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is less than described the first demand torque threshold T q
1, and current battery charge state is more than or equal to described the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the first control area (A1);
Demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is more than or equal to described the first demand torque threshold T q
1but be less than described the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and current battery charge state is more than or equal to described the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the second control area (B1);
Demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is more than or equal to described the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and current battery charge state is more than or equal to described the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the 3rd control area (C1);
Demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is less than described the first demand torque threshold T q
1, and current battery charge state is less than described the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the 4th control area (A2);
Demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is more than or equal to described the first demand torque threshold T q
1but be less than described the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and current battery charge state is less than described the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the 5th control area (B2);
Demand torque under hybrid vehicle current state is more than or equal to described the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and current battery charge state is less than described the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3time, judgement hybrid vehicle is current in the 6th control area (C2).In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is when the first control area (A1), the motor not power-assisted of neither generating electricity also, battery discharge power P
dischaequal electric power P
elec.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 4th control area (A2), battery charge power P
chaby following formula, determined: P
cha=k
a* (SOC
1-SOC), k wherein
afor charging coefficient, span is 0<K
a<P
bat, P
batfor battery rating horsepower, SOC is the current state-of-charge of battery; Described hybrid vehicle generated output P
genby following formula, determined: P
gen=min{P
cha+ P
elec, Tq
gmin* n/9550}, wherein Tq
gminfor the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, P
elecfor used for automobile power, n is current generator speed.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is when the second control area (B1),, the motor not power-assisted of neither generating electricity also, battery discharge power P
dischaequal electric power P
elec.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 5th control area (B2), battery charge power P
chaby following formula, determined: P
cha=k
b* (SOC
2-SOC), k wherein
bfor charging coefficient, span is 0<K
b<P
bat, P
batfor battery rating horsepower; Described hybrid vehicle generated output P
genby following formula, determined: P
gen==min{P
cha+ P
elec, Tq
gmin* n/9550}, wherein Tq
gminfor the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, P
elecfor used for automobile power, n is current generator speed.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 3rd control area (C1), motor carries out power-assisted, power torque Tq
mby following formula, determined: Tq
m=max{Tq
req-Tq
2, Tq
mmin, Tq wherein
reqfor demand torque, Tq
mminfor the minimum power torque of motor.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 6th control area (C2), charge power P
chaby following formula, determined: P
cha=k
c* (SOC
3-SOC), k wherein
cfor charging coefficient, span is 0<K
c<P
bat, P
batfor battery rating horsepower; Described hybrid vehicle generated output P
genby following formula, determined: P
gen=min{P
cha+ P
elec, Tq
gmin* n/9550}, wherein Tq
gminfor the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, P
elecfor used for automobile power, n is current generator speed.
The present invention, owing to adopting above technical scheme, has the following advantages: (1), when demand torque is lower, has more battery charger meeting, can improve engine efficiency, reduces oil consumption; When demand torque is higher, less charging, also can improve system effectiveness, reduces oil consumption; (2) when the speed of a motor vehicle is lower, recuperated energy chance is little, and SOC is large for charging target; When the speed of a motor vehicle is higher, recuperated energy chance is large, and SOC is little for charging target, can slide and brake recuperated energy compared with good utilisation; (3) by setting minimum generating torque and minimum power torque, can avoid the low efficiency district of motor, thereby improve the efficiency of whole system, reduce oil consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the control policy zone chart that discharges and recharges of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that battery SOC threshold value of the present invention changes schematic diagram with the speed of a motor vehicle;
Fig. 3 is that demand torque threshold value of the present invention is with rotation speed change schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the control policy diagram of circuit that discharges and recharges of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, and by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Be illustrated in figure 1 and discharge and recharge control policy zone chart, this method is that state-of-charge SOC, the demand torque according to battery determines the charging and discharging state of battery and discharge and recharge watt level.Wherein the state-of-charge of battery is set SOC
1, SOC
2, SOC
3totally 3 threshold values, demand torque settings Tq
1, Tq
2totally 2 threshold values are preferably divided into A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 totally 6 districts in inventive embodiments, and wherein A1, B1, C1 are battery discharge region, and A2, B2, C2 are battery charging region.In demand torque, be less than the first demand torque threshold T q
1and the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1region be the first control area (A1), in demand torque, be more than or equal to the first demand torque threshold T q
1and be less than or equal to the second demand torque threshold T q
2the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC simultaneously
2region be the second control area (B1), in demand torque, be greater than the second demand torque threshold T q
2and the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3region be the 3rd control area (C1); In demand torque, be less than the first demand torque threshold T q
1and the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1region be the 4th control area (A2), in demand torque, be more than or equal to the first demand torque threshold T q
1and be less than or equal to the second demand torque threshold T q
2the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC simultaneously
2region be the 5th control area (B2), in demand torque, be greater than the second demand torque threshold T q
2and the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3region be the 6th control area (C2).One of them preferred version that above-mentioned division is the embodiment of the present invention, can also be by A1, A2, and A3 is merged into Huo Liangge district, Yi Ge district, or by B1, B2, B3 is merged into Huo Liangge district, Yi Ge district, and similarly partition method is all within the scope of claim of the present invention.
Be illustrated in figure 2 battery charge state (SOC) threshold value and change schematic diagram with the speed of a motor vehicle, the first to the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value is all functions of the speed of a motor vehicle, and its change curve is determined by Experimental Calibration.
Be illustrated in figure 3 demand torque threshold value with rotation speed change schematic diagram, on the whole performance map of driving engine, determine the consumption minimization of driving engine equipower line, consumption minimization is multiplied by 110% and obtains allowing oil consumption, find the corresponding engine working point that allows oil consumption, these are put in corresponding motor torque, minimum motor torque is the first demand torque threshold value, maximum motor torque is the second demand torque threshold value, the corresponding first demand torque threshold value of each engine power and a second demand torque threshold value, all engine powers are just corresponding the first demand torque thresholding line Tq
1with the second demand torque thresholding line Tq
2.Torque threshold value and engine power are corresponding one by one, also corresponding one by one with engine speed, record engine speed and can obtain torque threshold value.
Be illustrated in figure 4 and discharge and recharge control policy diagram of circuit, detailed process is as follows
(1) judge that whether described hybrid vehicle is in drive pattern, if not, enter other master mode, otherwise enter next step;
(2) according to the first demand torque threshold T q under described hybrid vehicle present engine rotating speed
1with the second demand torque threshold T q
2, and the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC of the battery under current vehicle speed
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3, set up and discharge and recharge control policy zone chart, wherein said the first demand torque threshold T q under current state
1with the second demand torque threshold T q
2be respectively motor torque lower limit and motor torque higher limit that present engine rotating speed is corresponding, described the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3reducing successively, is respectively the curve changing with the speed of a motor vehicle, by Experimental Calibration, obtains;
(3) calculate demand torque and the battery charge state under hybrid vehicle current state, according to the control policy zone chart that discharges and recharges under current state, judge the current residing control area of described hybrid vehicle;
(4), according to the current residing control area of vehicle, discharge and recharge and select and discharge and recharge power control.
In described step (two), according to battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC under current vehicle speed
1, the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC
2, the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3, and the first demand torque threshold T q under present engine rotating speed
1, the second demand torque threshold T q
2be divided into the first to the 6th control area (A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2) totally 6 controles area, wherein the first to the 3rd control area (A1, B1, C1) is battery discharge region, and the 4th to the 6th control area (A2, B2, C2) is battery charging region;
In described step (three), in demand torque, be less than the first demand torque threshold T q
1and the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1region be the first control area (A1), in demand torque, be more than or equal to the first demand torque threshold T q
1and be less than or equal to the second demand torque threshold T q
2the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC simultaneously
2region be the second control area (B1), in demand torque, be greater than the second demand torque threshold T q
2and the state-of-charge of battery is more than or equal to battery the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3region be the 3rd control area (C1); In demand torque, be less than the first demand torque threshold T q
1and the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the first state-of-charge threshold value SOC
1region be the 4th control area (A2), in demand torque, be more than or equal to the first demand torque threshold T q
1and be less than or equal to the second demand torque threshold T q
2the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the second state-of-charge threshold value SOC simultaneously
2region be the 5th control area (B2), in demand torque, be greater than the second demand torque threshold T q
2and the state-of-charge of battery is less than battery the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value SOC
3region be the 6th control area (C2);
In described step (two), on the whole performance map of driving engine, determine the consumption minimization of driving engine equipower line, consumption minimization is multiplied by 110% and obtains allowing oil consumption, find the corresponding engine working point that allows oil consumption, these are put in corresponding motor torque, minimum motor torque is the first demand torque threshold value, maximum motor torque is the second demand torque threshold value, the corresponding first demand torque threshold value of each engine power and a second demand torque threshold value, all engine powers are just corresponding the first demand torque thresholding line Tq
1with the second demand torque thresholding line Tq
2.Torque threshold value and engine power are corresponding one by one, also corresponding one by one with engine speed, record engine speed and can obtain torque threshold value.
In described step (two), the first to the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value is all functions of the speed of a motor vehicle, and its change curve is determined by Experimental Calibration.Record current vehicle speed, can obtain the first to the 3rd state-of-charge threshold value according to calibration curve.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is when the first control area (A1), the motor not power-assisted of neither generating electricity also, battery discharge power P
dischaequal electric power P
elec.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 4th control area (A2), battery charge power P
chaby following formula, determined: P
cha=k
a* (SOC
1-SOC), k wherein
afor charging coefficient, span is 0<K
a<P
bat, P
batfor battery rating horsepower, SOC is the current state-of-charge of battery; Described hybrid vehicle generated output P
genby following formula, determined: P
gen=min{P
cha+ P
elec, Tq
gmin* n/9550}, wherein Tq
gminfor the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, P
elecfor used for automobile power, n is current generator speed.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is when the second control area (B1),, the motor not power-assisted of neither generating electricity also, battery discharge power P
dischaequal electric power P
elec.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 5th control area (B2), battery charge power P
chaby following formula, determined: P
cha=k
b* (SOC
2-SOC), k wherein
bfor charging coefficient, span is 0<K
b<P
bat, P
batfor battery rating horsepower; Described hybrid vehicle generated output P
genby following formula, determined: Pgen==min{Pcha+Pelec, Tqgmin * n/9550}, wherein Tqgmin is the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, and Pelec is used for automobile power, and n is current generator speed.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 3rd control area (C1), motor carries out power-assisted, power torque Tqm is determined by following formula: Tqm=max{Tqreq-Tq2, Tqmmin}, wherein Tqreq is demand torque, Tqmmin is the minimum power torque of motor.
In described step (four), when described hybrid vehicle is during in the 6th control area (C2), charge power Pcha is determined by following formula: Pcha=kC * (SOC3-SOC), wherein kC is charging coefficient, span is 0<KC<Pbat, and Pbat is battery rating horsepower; Described hybrid vehicle generated output Pgen is determined by following formula: Pgen=min{Pcha+Pelec, Tqgmin * n/9550}, wherein Tqgmin is the minimum generating torque determining according to dynamo efficiency, and Pelec is used for automobile power, and n is current generator speed.
In above-mentioned control area, discharge and recharge one of them preferred version that control policy is this embodiment, also can adopt similar control policy, for example in the charge power of fourth, fifth, six controles area calculates, increase a side-play amount, similar strategy is all within the scope of claim of the present invention again.
The embodiment more than providing is in order to illustrate the present invention and its practical application, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, any one professional and technical personnel, within not departing from the scope of technical solution of the present invention, does certain modification and changes as the equivalent embodiment that is considered as equivalent variations according to above technology and method.