CN102363151A - Low-temperature carbonization and high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition treatment process of municipal solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature dry distillation and high-temperature quick thermal decomposition treatment process method for municipal domestic garbage, and belongs to the technical field of treatment and utilization of the municipal domestic garbage. The method comprises the following steps of: breaking bagged domestic garbage, extruding, drying, crushing, performing multi-stage sorting, and then adding a catalytic additive; performing low-temperature dry distillation and high-temperature thermal decomposition carbonization by using a yin and yang circulating kiln; replacing hydrogen chloride produced by thermal decomposition into salt in a sodium hydroxide reaction tank; performing thermal decomposition treatment on an organic matter to obtain renewable carbon; adding the renewable carbon and shale into inorganic solid garbage and building garbage to be fired into environmentally-friendly bricks; in addition, applying heat produced in carbonization and brick making processes to a project itself for recycling. The method has the characteristics of capability of batch production, easiness in operation, less investment, low cost and high benefit. The system substantially solves the various adverse effects and aftereffects caused to environment by the conventional garbage treatment modes of landfilling, burning, composting and the like.

Description

Low-temperature carbonization and high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition treatment process of municipal solid waste

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal solid waste treatment, and is an advanced comprehensive system process for solid waste treatment, especially a low-temperature dry distillation high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition treatment process for municipal solid waste. And high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition technology, to achieve no incineration, no secondary pollution, energy regeneration and utilization process. the

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economic construction and urban construction, the urban framework is getting bigger and bigger, the urban population is increasing, and the amount of domestic garbage is also increasing. Domestic garbage has become one of the environmental problems we are facing that need to be solved urgently. The annual growth rate of garbage in the world is 8.42%, while the growth rate of garbage in China reaches more than 10%. China alone produces nearly 150 million tons of urban garbage every year. At present, the disposal of domestic waste has been placed on the agenda of governments at all levels, which has seriously affected the livelihood of the people, and the surge in waste production has seriously endangered the environment. the

The composition of domestic waste is complex, and there are many components that can be used. Especially as the awareness of the limited resources of the earth has gradually become popular, the correct treatment and comprehensive utilization of domestic waste has become the general trend. This can not only realize waste reduction, environmental protection and saving of limited resources and energy, but also greatly reduce treatment costs. the

In my country, urban living garbage is mostly treated by landfill, incineration, composting, etc. These traditional treatment methods have brought us secondary pollution and wasted a lot of renewable resources. These simple treatment processes are also an important reason for the inability to reduce waste. Improving and innovating domestic waste treatment processes, avoiding secondary pollution, saving and regenerating resources have become the core issues of current domestic waste technology. the

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a low-temperature dry distillation high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition treatment process for municipal solid waste. the

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: after the domestic waste is broken into bags, magnetically separated, extruded, dried, pulverized, magnetically separated, and multi-stage sorted, additives are added, and low-temperature dry distillation is carried out using a yin-yang circulation kiln. —High-temperature pyrolysis carbonization; the hydrogen chloride gas produced by thermal decomposition is replaced into salt in the sodium hydroxide reaction tank, and the chlorine and caustic soda are reacted and then reduced to industrial salt; the organic matter is thermally decomposed to obtain regenerated carbon; the inorganic solid Garbage and construction waste are added to recycled coal and shale and fired into green and environmentally friendly bricks; the combustible composite gas is combined with acid and alkali to form salt and water, and the incombustibles are removed for water washing and cooling treatment, and the remaining combustible composite gas is separated by a combustion heat energy converter Collect and use; In addition, the waste heat generated in the process of carbonization and brick making passes through the circulation channel for recycling of the project itself. the

Add additives and anode kilns to the domestic waste obtained after bag breaking, magnetic separation, extrusion, drying, crushing, magnetic separation, and multi-stage separation. Under the temperature condition of 400-1000 ℃, use a yin and yang circulation kiln to carry out low temperature Dry distillation and high temperature rapid pyrolysis carbonization treatment. the

The hydrogen chloride gas produced by thermal decomposition is replaced into salt in the sodium hydroxide reaction tank, and the chlorine and caustic soda are reacted and then reduced to industrial salt; the organic matter is thermally decomposed to obtain regenerated carbon; the heat generated by it is converted and used. Inorganic solid waste and construction waste are added to recycled coal and shale to be fired into green and environmentally friendly bricks. the

The combustible composite gas produced in the process of low-temperature dry distillation and high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition is combined with acid and alkali to generate salt and water, and the incombustibles are removed, and then the catalyst is washed with water for cooling treatment, and the combustible composite gas obtained after the treatment is reused at high temperature The thermal decomposition kiln is heated, and the remaining combustible gas is separated and collected by the combustion heat energy converter. the

The waste heat generated in the process of carbonization and brick making is reapplied to the project itself through the circulation channel. the

The beneficial effects that the present invention can bring are:

1. Due to the design of low-temperature dry distillation-high-temperature thermal decomposition and carbonization at a specific temperature, the yin-yang circulation kiln is used, and the oxygen is turned off and heated, and the physical decomposition is mainly used to prevent the generation of dioxins and toxic fumes, and to isolate and treat dioxins The culprit of British production - chlorine. Therefore, the waste of resources caused by incineration pollution and organic chemical reactions in the process of domestic waste treatment is solved. the

2. Due to the design of domestic waste sorting, the hydrogen chloride gas produced by thermal decomposition is replaced into salt in the sodium hydroxide reaction tank, so that chlorine can be reduced to industrial salt after reacting with caustic soda; organic matter can be regenerated by specific treatment carbon; the heat generated by it burns inorganic solid waste and construction waste into green bricks. It can reduce domestic waste to zero, realize full resource recovery and high-value utilization. the

3. Due to the scientific and efficient design of the technical scheme, the feasibility is strong, and it also has the characteristics of batch production, easy operation, small investment, low cost and large profit. the

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the invention:

1. Squeeze the garbage, concentrate the leaching solution in the storage tank, and then meet the secondary discharge standard after treatment, and carbonize the sludge. the

2. The garbage is crushed, squeezed, dried, and subjected to primary and secondary crushing, and the metals are classified and recycled after magnetic separation. the

3. After the crushed garbage is selected by wind and screened, the organic matter and plastic are separated from the inorganic solid waste; the organic matter and plastic enter the kiln for dry distillation, and the inorganic matter enters the brick workshop. the

4. Dry distillation, dehydration, and deoxygenation of the dried garbage and shale bricks made of additives in the yin kiln; the temperature of the yang kiln is at 400-1000 ℃, and the garbage bricks are rapidly thermally decomposed and carbonized due to the action of additives ; The organic matter in the garbage is decomposed into coke, combustible gas CO, SO2 and partially non-combustible hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide; a small amount of combustible gas produced during carbonization is burned at a high temperature of about 1300 ° C, and non-combustible hydrogen chloride and other gases enter the hydrogen In the sodium oxide reaction tank, sodium chloride is combined to form salt; the purpose of adding additives is to prevent the production of dioxins, and at the same time, the temperature of the combustion chamber is at a low temperature to ensure the complete combustion of toxic and harmful organic gases, thereby ensuring that no dioxins are produced. Evils. the

5. The carbonized organic recycled carbon has been tested by the China Quarantine Research Institute, and the composition of 17 kinds of dioxins is basically zero, which can be used as fuel. the

6. Add additives by using recycled coal from garbage as fuel, and burn the inorganic matter and shale in the garbage to make recycled new building materials and bricks for greening and environmental protection. the

7. Use the waste heat generated in the process of carbonization and sintering to dry garbage and hot water supply systems, agricultural heat preservation greenhouses, etc. the

In the technical field of low-temperature dry distillation high-temperature rapid thermal decomposition treatment process for municipal solid waste, the steps are: firstly carry out bag breaking, magnetic separation, extrusion, drying, crushing, magnetic separation and multi-stage separation of domestic solid waste, and then add Specific additives, use yin and yang circulation kiln for low-temperature dry distillation-high-temperature pyrolysis carbonization; replace the hydrogen chloride gas generated by thermal decomposition into salt in the sodium hydroxide reaction tank, and perform specific treatment on organic matter to obtain regenerated carbon; thermal decomposition converts inorganic Solid waste and construction waste plus a small amount of recycled coal and shale are fired into green and environmentally friendly bricks; in addition, the technical content of applying the waste heat generated in the process of carbonization and brick making to the recycling of the project itself is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention. the

Claims (5)

1. domestic waste low temperature distillation high temperature Rapid Thermal decomposition processing process method; The flow process that it is characterized in that this process is: after house refuse is broken bag, magnetic separation, extruding, oven dry, pulverizing, magnetic separation, multipass sort; Add the calcium hydroxide additive, use the yin-yang circulation kiln to carry out low temperature distillation-elevated temperature heat and decompose carbonization; The hydrogen chloride gas that thermal decomposition is produced is replaced salify at the NaOH reaction tank and is handled, and is reduced to Nacl after chlorine and caustic soda are reacted; Organic matter etc. is carried out thermal decomposition process obtain regenerative carbon; With inoganic solids rubbish with building waste adds soft coal again and shale is fired into the greening and environmental protection brick; Its flammable integrated gas is passed through soda acid chemical combination and is generated salt and water, removes incombustible thing and washes the cooling processing, and the flammable integrated gas that obtains after handling is being used for the utilization of elevated temperature heat decomposition heat cycles; In addition, the waste heat that produces in carbonization and the brickmaking process is used for project itself through circulation canal and recycles.

2. low temperature distillation high temperature Rapid Thermal decomposition processing process method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that adding calcium hydroxide additive and positive kiln under 400-1000 ℃ of temperature conditions, use the yin-yang circulation kiln to carry out low temperature distillation and high temperature Rapid Thermal decomposition carbonization treatment.

3. the hydrogen chloride gas that thermal decomposition is produced according to claim 1 is replaced salify at the NaOH reaction tank and is handled, and is reduced to Nacl after chlorine and caustic soda are reacted; Organic matter etc. is carried out thermal decomposition process obtain regenerative carbon; The heat of its generation is changed use, with inoganic solids rubbish and building waste add again soft coal, shale is fired into the greening and environmental protection brick.

4. the flammable integrated gas that in low temperature distillation and high temperature Rapid Thermal resolution process process, produces according to claim 1; Generate salt and water through soda acid chemical combination; Remove incombustible thing and wash the cooling processing; The flammable integrated gas that obtains after handling is used further to elevated temperature heat decomposes the kiln heating, the flammable integrated gas that obtains after handling is being used for the utilization of elevated temperature heat decomposition heat cycles.

5. the waste heat that in carbonization and brickmaking process, produces according to claim 1 recycles through circulation canal.

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