CN102298849A - Wireless vehicle driving supervising device - Google Patents
Wireless vehicle driving supervising device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless vehicle driving supervising device. The invention is realized through the following technical scheme: the device comprises a single chip GPS receiver, a single chip WPAN mixing signal chip with a wireless transmit-receive function and a WPAN wireless network function, and a general processor chip. The single chip GPS receiver, the single chip WPAN mixing signal chip with a wireless transmit-receive function and a WPAN wireless network function, and the general processor chip are connected through universal serial buses between chips, and the general processor chip connects with an auxiliary functional circuit. According to the invention, the GPS receiver obtains position and speed of a vehicle, positional information of each vehicle is transmitted to the vehicle through a wireless digital transceiver, so that a driver in the vehicle can grasp information of the vehicle and vehicles around the vehicle. An obvious advantage of the wireless vehicle driving supervising device is that position and speed of multiple vehicles are obtained without real-time processing and calculation, and position, time and speed data are obtained from a self contained GPS device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to turnpike driving assistance system technical field, in particular, is a kind of by radio digital communication and the turnpike driving assistance device formed based on the location technology of GPS.
Background technology
Highway communication is busy has day by day impelled industry member exploitation safe early warning and driving assistance system with safety case.At present these type systematic great majority are based on radar, infrared or image processing techniques, for single unit vehicle and motor-driven at a slow speed have preferably assist, such as reversing, berth, and other closely moving vehicle warnings etc.Run at high speed and many car two running environments based on processing to the radar emission echo, or infrared image recognition computing needs high-speed computation and higher power dissipation image processor.Radar and infrared system all must improve accurate positioning with the antenna and the sensor of calibration, and relative complex is installed.This causes certain difficulty can for the application in some fields, such as install use additional at the high speed Dangerous Area temporarily.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of wireless vehicle mounted supervising device that travels is provided.
The wireless vehicle mounted supervising device that travels of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals, and described device is made up of monolithic GPS receiver, the monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip with wireless receiving and dispatching and WPAN radio network functions and general processor chip.Described monolithic GPS receiver, the monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip with wireless receiving and dispatching and WPAN radio network functions are connected by the chip chamber USB (universal serial bus) successively with the general processor chip, connect auxiliary functional circuit by described general processor chip.
The described auxiliary functional circuit active ID radiating circuit of function (Active RFID Tag) etc. of for example charging automatically.
The present invention uses the GPS receiver to obtain this vehicle location and speed, and the positional information of each car is transmitted mutually by the wireless digital transceiver so that each car can both be seen vehicle condition own and on every side.Its most tangible advantage is that this device need not to handle in real time to calculate to obtain many vehicle locations and speed, and directly obtains position, time and speed data from self-contained GPS.The wireless digital transceiver transmits gps data mutually in many workshops makes each car obtain other vehicle running state figure (relative position, speed and time).Supervising device is brought in constant renewal in constitutional diagram and is calculated prediction potential danger state and send prompting.
The present invention also can be used for the management of highway.For example vehicle is having an accident and fault when casting anchor forwardly, and this vehicle can be launched emergency information and remind follow-up sending a car.Supervising device also can receive by the speed limit reminding of ground point of fixity emission and highway section outlet prompting message etc.Distance is calculated in addition and the charge function also can add this device with convenient driving.
The onboard wireless supervising device is by GPS receiver chip group, and wireless digital transceiver module (digital signal processor and radio-frequency receiving-transmitting) is formed.General GPS location relative accuracy is about several meters, and time precision is about millisecond, the data that can provide the necessary for monitoring of running at high speed to use.The wireless digital radio frequency transceiver is selected the open frequency range (2400MHz-2483.5MHz) of 2.4GHz ISM, and the transceive data rate that adopts 250Kbps (kilobits/second) is in the hope of discerning more vehicle, and channel width is 2MHz.The different travel direction of highway uses different channels to disturb to reduce.Same channel is used in transmitting and receiving of identical direction of traffic.This Design of device is adopted international standards network architecture in the hope of using the standard wireless communication agreement to greatest extent between many vehicles so that more convenient where necessary lifting or interpolation network function and application function.This wireless network communication protocol not only is used for each car-mounted device, and fixedly be used for accident or fault prompting on the road surface, speed limit reminding, and the transceiver that also uses compatible communication protocol in the device reminded of highway section outlet is to strengthen whole freeway surveillance and control Functions of Management System and to reduce the cost of whole running and maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the available channel distribution plan that IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN Physical layer has in the 2.4GHz frequency range;
Fig. 2 is a shared channel CSMA-CA process flow diagram;
Fig. 3 is that four vehicle-mounted digital wireless transceivers of same wagon flow direction use (uncontested) time division multiplex diagram under the perfect condition of same 2.4GHz channel;
Fig. 4 is the O-QPSK modulator of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 5 is an IEEE 802.15.4 Physical layer receiving demodulation device;
Fig. 6 is a system chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 6, the present invention mainly is made up of three chips: 1) monolithic GPS receiver, 2) monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip, be responsible for wireless receiving and dispatching and WPAN is wireless and network function, 3) general processor chip, its operational vehicle location/velocity process software and provide the user to meet (User Interface).The general processor chip is responsible for control and is connected some auxiliary functional circuits, the auxiliary functional circuit active ID radiating circuit of function (Active RFID Tag) etc. of for example charging automatically.
Wherein monolithic GPS receiver is single module, comprises that the GPS front end receives and the integrated single-chip pack module of localization process, can adopt Trimble C1919C or ATR0630P1.The GPS receiving sensitivity is-and more than the 140dBm, bearing accuracy is several meters, and time precision is better than 500us, and turnover rate is higher than 1Hz.There is the UART interface to support the NMEA agreement.
Monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip adopts TI C2530, it comprises the WPAN wireless transceiver analog front end circuit of a 2.4G ISM band, the signal processor of responsible Physical layer (PHY) modulator-demodular unit and coding and decoding and a simple general use CPU core are handled MAC and network layer (Network Layer) function.Monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip contains radio circuit and can directly connect antenna.The radio frequency component emissive power be programmable range from-20 to 4dBm.Receiving sensitivity is being about-90dBm, so that can cover hundred meters scopes.C2530 uses less resolution element to make hardware design very simple.Use C2530 also can obtain good WPAN and the support of ZigBee software, comprise and support 802.15.4 WPAN Physical layer (PHY) and MAC layer (MAC) to provide, perhaps can obtain ZigBee network layer software from the third party software merchant by chip business.Research and development and product that final developer need only concentrate on application layer are integrated.
The general processor chip selects high speed (peak value 200-300 MIPS) universal cpu or dsp chip to be responsible for handling the position data application relevant with other figure.Adopt chip TI C5505-150, it has the application that certain hardware-accelerated circuit is beneficial to 2-D graphic presentation and voice.TI C5505-150 chip has bigger internal memory, handles than persistent erection is disconnected, and numerous DMA and USB2.0 interface, simulating signal connects supports (ADC), low-power consumption, and excellent development support.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention is elaborated:
The wireless digital transceiver of vehicle-mounted monitoring device adopts Low-RateWireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) standard by IEEE 802.15.4 definition.Channel is positioned at the open frequency range of 2.4GHz ISM.IEEE 802.15.4 Physical layer (PHY Layer) adopts 16 level spread spectrums coding and shift-orthogonal modulation (16-ary DSSS Offset-QPSK) to data, has certain anti-multipath attenuation ability, is applicable to inter-vehicular communication.As shown in Figure 1,802.15.4WPAN Physical layer (PHY) has the available channel (from channel 11 to 26, covering 2400MHz-2483.5MHz) that 16 data transfer rates are 250Kbps (kilobits per second) to the maximum in the 2.4GHz frequency range, and each channel width is 2MHz.WPAN requires minimum receiving sensitivity to be-85dBm.
IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN Physical layer (PHY) is used the packet (frame) of variable-length, is fit to the application of onboard wireless supervisory system.Except that data emissions with receive, other function of PHY comprises the activation wireless transceiver, the receive channel energy measuring connects signal quality and discerns for the CSMA-CA algorithm of medium access key-course (MAC) provides channel idle.
IEEE 802.15.4 medium access key-course (MAC) provides frame synchronization, channel access control, and data transmit, data encryption and some management services.MAC layer data frame (PSCU) is included in the PHY layer data frame (PPDU), becomes the interface between network layer and the Physical layer.The channel access control that MAC provides is most suitable to wireless vehicle monitoring application.The CSMA-CA of IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN channel access control (carrier wave sensitivity exempt from competitive channel multiplexing) algorithm is applicable to that many vehicle environmentals to avoid the competition of send channel, become possibility thereby make many supervising devices share a channel.Accompanying drawing 2 is depicted as the CSMA-CA flow process and determines how each supervising device effectively shares a send channel, and this flow process is realized by monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip.NB is the latent period number among the figure, is initialized to 0; BE generally is initialized to 3 for waiting for index.MacMaxBE generally is set as 5; MacMaxCSMAbackoffs is generally 4 for the maximum wait period number before the failure of MAC Layer decision channel allocation.
The vehicle-mounted monitoring device uses PHY layer and the MAC layer of IEEE 802.15.4, more high-rise network layer (Network Layer) and application layer (Application Layer) then can be selected to design voluntarily, or adopt existing ZigBee based on IEEE 802.15.4, so that wireless network management function and application framework and multiple standards network topology structure in that network and application layer obtain enriching comprise the broadcast mode (Broadcast Mode) that need not the network address.
Although present supervising device not necessarily needs to use ZigBee, but the main advantage that the ZigBee standard is brought is more existing software to be selected, and be highly susceptible to required network structure and the node of interim composition in the future in case of necessity, and can insert peripheral existing network.The cost of ZigBee is extra accessing cost for data (in the excessive data expense of application layer data bag APDU and network layer data bag NPDU), but can increase volume of transmitted data and have influence on the monitoring vehicle quantity of supervising device.
The vehicle monitoring capacity that following analysis monitoring device may reach.If the GPS position, about 200 bit of speed and temporal information.If the every 1000ms of GPS upgrades once, the position of its transmission, about 200 bits of speed and temporal information, the 120 bit transmit data frames that add IEEE 802.15.4 are expense summation overhead data packet at least 128 bits approximately of adding the network of ZigBee frame format and application layer end to end, obtain about 450 Bit data bags.Under the 250Kbps data transfer rate, launching or receiving a WPAN Physical layer PPDU needs 450/250K/S=1.8ms (about 2ms).If necessary, also must add extra preceding pulse string (Preamble) 2ms, be about 4ms altogether.The time division multiplex channel situation that is presented in the accompanying drawing 3 under the ideal situation (uncontested) is an example, and the whole in theory 1000ms=250x4ms period can be used (can not reach in the actual environment) for 250 car supervising devices.But consider and run at high speed in hundred meters scopes that vehicle is the highest to be generally tens of, so the time division multiplex capacity of design is feasible.In shared channel, it is necessary using the CSMA-CA algorithm.For fear of the competition of launching simultaneously at same channel, detect the channel received energy before each supervising device emission, if channel is used, supervising device then (randomness) lags behind (2
BE-1) the individual cycle launches again.The time-multiplexed period of each car will should be tending towards even distribution between 0-1000ms from the statistical study.Fig. 3 is that four vehicle-mounted digital wireless transceivers of same wagon flow direction use (uncontested) time division multiplex situation under the perfect condition of a 2.4GHz channel.If competition is arranged then enter CSMA time division multiplex flow process, realize per car emission in turn.
Below set forth the principle of work of the transmit direction of exercising supervising device.General GPS location relative accuracy is about several meters, and time precision is about millisecond, the data that can provide the necessary for monitoring that travels to use.The GPS receiver provides footpath latitude and time data (average approximately 2400-4800bps, bit per second) by I
2C interface reaches the internal memory of signal processing circuit to the DMA passage of signal processing circuit.Different its turnover rates of GPS product are about every 1000ms once or higher.Before, can select information data is carried out chnnel coding in the hope of obtain high s/n ratio (but cost is to increase volume of transmitted data) at low power condition GPS information embedded network layer data bag (NPDU).Be packaged as the data of the bit rate of 250Kbps thereafter.Handle through spread spectrum, enter Offset-QPSK (OQPSK) modulator then, be modulated into the OQPSK baseband signal of the 1Mbps of I-phase and Q-phase respectively, reach radio circuit (RF module) through interface circuit, and go out with the 2.4GHZ radio-frequency transmissions.Be illustrated in figure 4 as the O-QPSK modulator of IEEE 802.15.4, the modulation principle that promptly transmits diagram.GPS information is packaged into WPAN even ZigBee frame format, and the 250K bps data transfer rate of supporting with IEEE 802.15.4 carries out the O-QPSK modulate emission.
At receive direction, the wireless monitor of monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip is touched the 2.4GHz radiofrequency signal that piece all be should collect and launched mutually in each device, through mixing, be demodulated to the intermediate frequency i/q signal and change into digital signal again, reduce the QPSK sample of signal that becomes base band after the sampling rate, read internal memory automatically by the serial line interface of software control and DMA hardware and enter the physical layer process circuit.Carry out demodulation later on, filtering, relevant and spread spectrum decoding.Be illustrated in figure 5 as IEEE 802.15.4 Physical layer receiving demodulation device, i.e. the receiving signal demodulation principal diagram.Obtaining all vehicle location/velocity estimation after the data of 250Kbps (bit/per second) can select channel-decoding to handle is used for application layer software and comes processes and displays and prompting or warning.
Application layer software is responsible for handling all adjacent vehicle distance/speed, and shows near all vehicles.The data of distance-velocity process software priority processing adjacent vehicle and fast approaching vehicle.These vehicles are incorporated into the priority processing group.The vehicle point coordinate of preferential group adopts common two-dimensional geometry algorithm to obtain in the calculating of the position of next second.If prediction distance too closely then send caution.
Claims (2)
1. wireless vehicle mounted supervising device that travels, it is characterized in that, described device is made up of monolithic GPS receiver, the monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip with wireless receiving and dispatching and WPAN radio network functions and general processor chip, described monolithic GPS receiver, the monolithic WPAN mixed signal chip with wireless receiving and dispatching and WPAN radio network functions are connected by the chip chamber USB (universal serial bus) successively with the general processor chip, connect auxiliary functional circuit by described general processor chip.
2. the wireless vehicle mounted supervising device that travels according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described auxiliary functional circuit is for having the active ID radiating circuit of automatic charge function.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102638768A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-15 | 华为终端有限公司 | Message sending, acquiring and processing method and related device and related system |
| CN104680756A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-03 | 北车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Information collecting equipment, system and method for urban rail vehicle |
| CN112396123A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 上海交通大学 | Image recognition method, system, terminal and medium based on convolutional neural network |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102638768A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-15 | 华为终端有限公司 | Message sending, acquiring and processing method and related device and related system |
| WO2013135090A1 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-19 | 华为终端有限公司 | Message sending, obtaining and processing method, and relevant device and system |
| CN104680756A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-03 | 北车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Information collecting equipment, system and method for urban rail vehicle |
| CN112396123A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 上海交通大学 | Image recognition method, system, terminal and medium based on convolutional neural network |
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Application publication date: 20111228 |