CN102297566A - Production method for drying and upgrading lignite - Google Patents
Production method for drying and upgrading lignite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102297566A CN102297566A CN2011102170766A CN201110217076A CN102297566A CN 102297566 A CN102297566 A CN 102297566A CN 2011102170766 A CN2011102170766 A CN 2011102170766A CN 201110217076 A CN201110217076 A CN 201110217076A CN 102297566 A CN102297566 A CN 102297566A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method for drying and upgrading lignite, which comprises the following steps of: guiding the crushed lignite in a rotary dryer for drying through a raw coal input system via a dual-layer lignite explosion-proof and high-temperature resistant feeding chute; in the drying process of lignite, returning the lignite to a pulverized coal steel bin in front of a coal-injecting burning furnace by adopting high-pressure blast; forming a pulverized coal burning system by a primary pulverized coal conveying fan and a secondary pulverized coal atomizing fan group; enabling qualified coal and air current to enter the interior of the coal-injecting burning furnace for sufficient combustion to generate hot air and feed the hot air into the dryer; carrying out sufficient heat exchanging to the hot air and the dried lignite; exhausting a large amount of water-containing waste flue gas into a dust collector; and carrying out coldtreatment to the dried and qualified lignite, and storing the lignite. The production method has the advantages that water in the lignite is greatly removed (evaporated); and the self weight of the raw lignite is reduced so as to realize the minimizing, further the heat productivity of the raw lignite is improved, the application range of the lignite is widened and economic value of the lignite is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of upgrading production method, especially relate to a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method.
Background technology
Brown coal are the young coals that form the latest among the fossil solid fuel of the earth.It is very high to it is characterized by fugitive constituent, has determined in the explosivity of smoking this fire coal and inflammability very strong.Moisture content in the coal is also very high, and generally all up to about 40%, particularly Ran Mei inherent moisture content is difficult for removing, and has determined that also the caloric value of brown coal is all very low.The content of fixed carbon is also very low, and ash content is moderate, the tar content height, and the content of sulphur has height according to the brown coal place of production, also has low.This will cause smoking in the process at brown coal, must consider the desulphurization system of brown coal according to the national environmental protection policy.
The large-scale coal master that China concentrates the brown coal producing region to find at present will concentrate on area, the Inner Mongol, and unmanned the wanting of abundant brown coal in this area.Even if can sell out, its price is very low, thereby causes production cost very high.Therefore, be difficult to directly become electric coal or other industrial thermal coal in power plant.
The particularly Inner Mongol and the Northeast because the prospect of the golden eggs that this project produced is ordered about, still have a large amount of people being engaged in the oven dry upgrading work of this project at present.They but continue to use the method for drying the general industry product over, be engaged in the oven dry of these special industry product.To so far, also there is not a tame enterprise can successfully finish brown coal oven dry upgrading work.Because the inflammable and explosive characteristic of brown coal itself, a large amount of personal safety accident (as burn to death, burning accident) occurred or blown up the accident of machine, or the production line that builds up is serious because of environmental pollution, has to stop production, bankruptcy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly is the inflammable and explosive characteristic that solves existing in prior technology brown coal itself, a large amount of personal safety accident (as burn to death, burning accident) occurs or blown up the accident of machine, or the production line that builds up is serious because of environmental pollution, have to stop production the technical problem of bankruptcy etc.; A kind of moisture content of driving away to the utmost in (evaporation) brown coal is provided, alleviate former brown coal own wt, to reach minimizing, thereby improved the caloric value of former brown coal, that is: caloric value is brought up to 5000Kcal/ ㎏ ~ 5500 Kcal/ ㎏ from about former 3500Kcal/ ㎏, and other brown coal industrial components is constant substantially.Thereby improve a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method of brown coal range of application and economic worth.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is directed into the brown coal after the fragmentation in the rotary dryer through the explosion-proof high temperature resistant type blanking of double-deck brown coal chute by the raw coal input system and dries;
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, drying course in the described step 1, also comprise a fire-retardant process, promptly before the brown coal burning takes place, monitoring CO gas alarm and test datas such as temperature, pressure, if surpass setting value, then squeeze into liquid CO from the bottom of double-deck brown coal blanking chute
2Perhaps liquid N
2Fire-suppressant gas is to rotary dryer.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 1, described rotary dryer gradient is 3%, and materials flow speed is 1.5M/S-2M/S, and the inlet temperature of this rotary dryer is 750 ℃ ± 50 ℃, the machine internal pressure is-and 50Pa～-100Pa.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 2, temperature is 950 ℃-1050 ℃ in the stove of coal powder injection combustion furnace, furnace pressure is-and 30Pa～-50Pa, furnace flame degree of filling 〉=98%, and can stop naked light or Mars enters in the anoxybiotic dryer.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 2, the gather dust concrete steps of circulating combustion process of coal dust are as follows:
Step 5.1, the useless flue gas that produces when brown coal are fully dried is a large amount of brown coal powders under rotoclone collector and bagroom gather dust successively, by helical conveyer system and under the effect of gases at high pressure induction system, be delivered in the Pulverized Coal Bin of combustion furnace stokehold, coal dust steel storehouse and be provided with explosion-proof accordingly, gather dust, anti-blocking, material level, weigh, temperature detection, CO are reported to the police, material is fed measure.
Step 5.2, coal dust in the Pulverized Coal Bin of completing steps 5.1 is quickened the back through the blower fan of delivering coal for the first time to atomize by atomization system, under the effect of the breeze atomizing blower fan second time, blow then to the dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device and go into the stove burning, producing qualified hot blast temperature and air quantity delivers in the rotary dryer, the former brown coal that import with the blanking chute carry out heat exchange, i.e. oven dry.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 5.2, the blower fan of delivering coal the described first time is the frequency control blower fan, the outlet wind speed is 30M/S, described breeze atomizing blower fan outlet second time wind speed is 35M/S, described atomization system condensation rate remains on 〉=and 85%, described dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device is the qualified wind speed of 26M/S ~ 28M/S at diffusion type coal powder injection combustion furnace inner outlet wind speed.After in stove, fully burning, produce the qualified air quantity and the hot blast of wind-warm syndrome and enter dryer.
A kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method above-mentioned in the described step 1, also comprises a process of desulphurization denitration for the first time, and concrete steps are: after former brown coal fragmentation, enter the homogenizer of brown coal, spray into Ca (OH) simultaneously
2Or NaOH and NH
3Directly by conveying device, the double-deck blanking chute of explosion-proof heatproof (1100 ℃) type is directed into dryer together with the brown coal that add alkali for (liquid), its alkaline matter, and at high temperature (750 ℃ ± 50 ℃) carry out the desulphurization denitration first time.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 2, also comprise a process of desulphurization denitration for the second time, according to the brown coal mineral characteristic, in the brown coal drying course, the useless flue gas of brown coal under collect adopts dry method, semidry method or wet desulphurization, denitration (SNCR method) technology, carries out the desulfurizing and denitrifying process second time.
In above-mentioned a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method, in the described step 2, the method that the brown coal after the described oven dry carry out the chilling processing is to use liquid CO
2Or liquid N
2The annular spray tube carry out chilling and handle the back warehouse-in.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: drive the moisture content in (evaporation) brown coal to the utmost away, alleviate former brown coal own wt, reaching minimizing, thereby improved the caloric value of former brown coal, also will improve brown coal range of application and economic worth.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of equipment principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of workflow diagrams of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Among the figure, the former storage vault of 1-brown coal, the 2-dump truck, the 3-electro-vibrating feeder, 4-is subjected to coal-hole, 5-jaw crusher or gear hobbing Sizing Crusher, 6-brown coal belt conveyor, the 7-twin shaft stirs homogenizer, 8-lime water spraying system, 9-brown coal belt conveyor, interim dump chimney of 10-and electrically operated valve, 11-brown coal special double-layer blanking chute, 12-high-efficiency energy-saving diffusion type coal powder injection combustion furnace, 13-dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device, 14-breeze atomizing device, 15-single (two) pipe screw(-type) feeder, top, 16-Stokehole pulverized coal Kuku bagroom, 17-Stokehole pulverized coal preparation device, the 18-electrically operated valve, the 19-blower fan of once delivering coal, 20-secondary breeze atomizing blower fan, the automatic closed type of 21-removes slag system, the special-purpose brown coal dryer of 22-swinging, the special-purpose brown coal dryer of 23-swinging blanking cover, 24-outfeed belt conveyor 25-bucket elevator, top, the dry brown coal storehouse of 26-bagroom, the dry Moulding Process of Brown Coal device of 27-, the electronic blanking valve of 28-, 29-brown coal transport vehicle, 30-spiral coal dust conveyer, the 31-cyclone dust collector, the 32-roots blower, 33-material envelope pump, 34-negative-pressure type cloth bag pulse dust collector, the 35-main exhaust fan, the 36-coal dust electronic discharge valve in steel storehouse of weighing, 37-coal dust dumper, the 38-coal dust stores top, steel Kuku bagroom, the 39-coal dust steel storehouse of weighing, the 40-chimney, the 41-flue gas desulfurization device, denitrator, 42-DCS system full-automatic electrical control center, it should be noted, 17-Stokehole pulverized coal preparation device comprises the Stokehole pulverized coal storehouse. explosion protection system. and blanking system. weighing system, 27-is dry, and the Moulding Process of Brown Coal device comprises dry brown coal storehouse, explosion-proof, anti-blocking, blanking system.
Embodiment:
A kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is directed into the brown coal after the broken classification in the rotary dryer through the explosion-proof high temperature resistant type blanking of double-deck brown coal chute by the raw coal input system and dries; After former brown coal fragmentation, enter the homogenizer of brown coal, spray into Ca (OH) simultaneously
2Or NaOH and NH
3Directly by conveying device, the double-deck blanking chute of explosion-proof heatproof (1100 ℃) type is directed into dryer together with the brown coal that add alkali for (liquid), its alkaline matter, and at high temperature (750 ℃ ± 50 ℃) carry out the desulphurization denitration first time; In the brown coal drying course, the useless flue gas of the brown coal under collect adopts dry method, semidry method or wet desulphurization, denitration (SNCR method) technology, carries out the desulfurizing and denitrifying process second time; Before the brown coal burning might take place, squeeze into liquid CO from the bottom of double-deck brown coal blanking chute
2Perhaps liquid N
2Fire-suppressant gas is to rotary dryer; The rotary dryer gradient is 3% in the present embodiment, and materials flow speed is 1.5M/S-2M/S, and the inlet temperature of this rotary dryer is 750 ℃ ± 50 ℃, the machine internal pressure is-and 50Pa～-100Pa.
By the mode to the secondary desulphurization denitration of high-sulfur brown coal, desulfurization degree and denitration rate can reach 99%, external discharged flue gas, and sulfur content is at 150 ㎎/below the m3, NO
XContent is at 350 ㎎/below the m3, to reach human environmental requirement.The desulfurizing and denitrifying process first time in above-mentioned is created by the inventor.
Because the ignition point of brown coal has only 350 ℃, fugitive constituent is up to more than 30%, very easily burning and generation blast, in order to abide by the basic principle of high yield and low cost, energy-saving and emission-reduction, how high-intensity high-temperature hot-air is introduced rotary drying machine and former brown coal stream even contact, should reach the purpose of oven dry brown coal, reach again because the introducing of 750 ℃ of hot blasts of high temperature prevents to explode or the peril that brown coal are burning is produced.Do not have certain pure high-temperature hot-air to introduce in the dryer, brown coal will accomplish that high yield is impossible at all, and the hot blast of low temperature imports on the contrary, but easily goes out security incident.1., strict sealing device in order to reach this purpose,, must accomplish:, prevent that external air from scurrying in the brown coal dryer at hot-blast stove and dryer joint.Accomplish the dry brown coal of anoxybiotic.2., special double-deck brown coal chute, be delivered directly to down the coal chute by former brown coal, will import in the rotary drying machine by coal chute down.Following coal chute base plate is double-deck, and the upper strata is the base plate of delivering coal, and the useful space of lower floor and last interlamellar spacing is squeezed into liquid CO
2Fire-suppressant gas.In case have anomaly to take place, (CO gas alarm, temperature, pressure alarm) in time squeezes into CO
2Fire-suppressant gas enters in the rotary drying machine, also can thoroughly stop the inflammable and explosive risk of brown coal.3., that hot-blast stove discharges being provided with safe operation of chimney temporarily is extremely important, in case rotary drying machine breaks down or shuts down, hot-blast stove can be with heats all in the stove and all externally emptyings of thermal-flame, to guarantee the safety of follow-up workshop section.4., explosion-proofing safe rotary dryer discharging quenching apparatus is to the safeguard protection of follow-up workshop section.Its main because brown coal are among the high temperature drying process, and the tar in the coal very easily produces, or the phenomenon of coal inner product heat produces.Among quenching process, allow the tar chilling, wrap up the coal grain rapidly or reduce brown coal inside and external temperature, guaranteed that also the quality of coal does not descend simultaneously.
Step 5.1, the useless flue gas that produces when brown coal are fully dried is a large amount of brown coal powders under rotoclone collector and bagroom gather dust successively, by helical conveyer system and under the effect of gases at high pressure induction system, be delivered in the Pulverized Coal Bin of combustion furnace stokehold, coal dust steel storehouse and be provided with explosion-proof accordingly, gather dust, anti-blocking, material level, weigh, temperature detection, CO are reported to the police, material is fed measure.As shown in Figure 1, the porch at bagroom installs CO additional
2Fire-suppressant gas, its purpose is driven in the sack cleaner, to prevent high-temperature gas the coal dust of sack cleaner is ignited, to reach purpose of safe operation.
Step 5.2, coal dust in the Pulverized Coal Bin of completing steps 5.1 is quickened the back through the blower fan of delivering coal for the first time to atomize by atomization system, under the effect of the breeze atomizing blower fan second time, blow then to the dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device and go into the stove burning, producing qualified hot blast temperature and air quantity delivers in the rotary dryer, the former brown coal that import with the blanking chute carry out heat exchange, i.e. oven dry, here, the blower fan of delivering coal for the first time is the frequency control blower fan, the outlet wind speed is 30M/S, described breeze atomizing blower fan outlet second time wind speed is 35M/S, described atomization system condensation rate remains on 〉=and 85%, described dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device is the qualified wind speed of 26M/S ~ 28M/S at diffusion type coal powder injection combustion furnace inner outlet wind speed.After in stove, fully burning, produce the qualified air quantity and the hot blast of wind-warm syndrome and enter dryer.
Brown coal feature after the oven dry: must handle through explosion-proof cold air chilling, otherwise after the brown coal inner product heat, can produce blast, thereby security incident takes place.Simultaneously, the brown coal of being dried can produce a large amount of coal tar simultaneously, also easily because of tar produces burning, also can cause security incident.Therefore, go out before dryer enters the storehouse, must carry out the chilling of hot brown coal and handle at the former brown coal of oven dry.The method that brown coal after the oven dry carry out the chilling processing is to use liquid CO
2Or liquid N
2The annular spray tube carry out chilling and handle the back warehouse-in.Be that this method and other industrial material oven dry processing has remarkable difference.
By the method for this process production techniques route, can make brown coal bring up to 5000Kcal/ ㎏ coal by original caloric value 3000Kcal/ ㎏ coal, can be changed into the thermal coal of electric coal or other Industrial Stoves thus.Moisture content in the coal after the oven dry also is reduced to below 10 ~ 15% from 40% of original brown coal water content, thereby has also satisfied client's demand.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technical staff of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used the former storage vault of 1-brown coal morely, the 2-dump truck, the 3-electro-vibrating feeder, 4-is subjected to coal-hole, 5-jaw crusher or gear hobbing Sizing Crusher, 6-brown coal belt conveyor, the 7-twin shaft stirs homogenizer, 8-lime water spraying system, 9-brown coal belt conveyor, interim dump chimney of 10-and electrically operated valve, 11-brown coal special double-layer blanking chute, 12-high-efficiency energy-saving diffusion type coal powder injection combustion furnace, 13-dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device, 14-breeze atomizing device, 15-single (two) pipe screw(-type) feeder, top, 16-Stokehole pulverized coal Kuku bagroom, 17-Stokehole pulverized coal preparation device, the 18-electrically operated valve, the 19-blower fan of once delivering coal, 20-secondary breeze atomizing blower fan, the automatic closed type of 21-removes slag system, the special-purpose brown coal dryer of 22-swinging, the special-purpose brown coal dryer of 23-swinging blanking cover, 24-outfeed belt conveyor 25-bucket elevator, top, the dry brown coal storehouse of 26-bagroom, the dry Moulding Process of Brown Coal device of 27-, the electronic blanking valve of 28-, 29-brown coal transport vehicle, 30-spiral coal dust conveyer, the 31-cyclone dust collector, the 32-roots blower, 33-material envelope pump, 34-negative-pressure type cloth bag pulse dust collector, the 35-main exhaust fan, the 36-coal dust electronic discharge valve in steel storehouse of weighing, 37-coal dust dumper, the 38-coal dust stores top, steel Kuku bagroom, the 39-coal dust steel storehouse of weighing, the 40-chimney, the 41-flue gas desulfurization device, denitrator, terms such as 42-DCS system full-automatic electrical control center, but do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain the invention essence of the innovation type more easily; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with the novel invention spirit of this practicality innovation.
Claims (9)
1. a brown coal oven dry upgrading production method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is directed into the brown coal after the fragmentation in the rotary dryer through the explosion-proof high temperature resistant type blanking of double-deck brown coal chute by the raw coal input system and dries;
Step 2, in oven dry brown coal process, the coal dust circulating combustion process of gathering dust is arranged, the coal dust of a large amount of useless flue gas that is promptly produced under dust-precipitator is collected, adopt in the coal dust steel storehouse before high-pressure blast is recycled to the coal powder injection combustion furnace, form pulverized coal combustion system through once deliver coal powder blower fan and secondary breeze atomizing blower fan again, make qualified coal, general mood flows to into fully burning in the stove of coal powder injection combustion furnace, produce hot blast, enter in the dryer, with carried out sufficient heat exchange by the brown coal of being dried, and discharge a large amount of moisture useless flue gases and enter dust-precipitator, the qualified brown coal in oven dry back are wanted chilling to handle the back to put in storage.
2. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, drying course in the described step 1, also comprise a fire-retardant process, promptly before the brown coal burning takes place, monitoring CO gas alarm and test datas such as temperature, pressure if surpass setting value, are then squeezed into liquid CO from the bottom of double-deck brown coal blanking chute
2Perhaps liquid N
2Fire-suppressant gas is to rotary dryer.
3. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step 1, described rotary dryer gradient is 3%, materials flow speed is 1.5M/S-2M/S, the inlet temperature of this rotary dryer is 750 ℃ ± 50 ℃, the machine internal pressure is-and 50Pa～-100Pa.
4. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step 2, temperature is 950 ℃-1050 ℃ in the stove of coal powder injection combustion furnace, furnace pressure is-30Pa～-50Pa, furnace flame degree of filling 〉=98%, and can stop naked light or Mars enters in the anoxybiotic dryer.
5. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 2, the gather dust concrete steps of circulating combustion process of coal dust are as follows:
Step 5.1, the useless flue gas that produces when brown coal are fully dried is a large amount of brown coal powders under rotoclone collector and bagroom gather dust successively, by helical conveyer system and under the effect of gases at high pressure induction system, be delivered in the Pulverized Coal Bin of combustion furnace stokehold, coal dust steel storehouse and be provided with explosion-proof accordingly, gather dust, anti-blocking, material level, weigh, temperature detection, storehouse internal pressure detect, CO reports to the police, material is fed measure;
Step 5.2, coal dust in the Pulverized Coal Bin of completing steps 5.1 is quickened the back through the blower fan of delivering coal for the first time to atomize by atomization system, under the effect of the breeze atomizing blower fan second time, blow then to the dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device and go into the stove burning, producing qualified hot blast temperature and air quantity delivers in the rotary dryer, the former brown coal that import with the blanking chute carry out heat exchange, i.e. oven dry.
6. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in the described step 5.2, the blower fan of delivering coal the described first time is the frequency control blower fan, the outlet wind speed is 30M/S, described breeze atomizing blower fan outlet second time wind speed is 35M/S, described atomization system condensation rate remains on 〉=and 85%, described dual-swirl coal-dust combustion device is the qualified wind speed of 26M/S ~ 28M/S at diffusion type coal powder injection combustion furnace inner outlet wind speed, after in stove, fully burning, produce the qualified air quantity and the hot blast of wind-warm syndrome and enter dryer.
7. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 1, also comprise a process of desulphurization denitration for the first time, concrete steps are: after former brown coal fragmentation, enter the homogenizer of brown coal, spray into Ca (OH) simultaneously
2Or NaOH and NH
3Directly by conveying device, the double-deck blanking chute of explosion-proof heat-resistance type is directed into dryer together with the brown coal that add alkali for (liquid), its alkaline matter, at high temperature, carries out the desulphurization denitration first time under promptly 750 ℃ ± 50 ℃.
8. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step 2, also comprise a process of desulphurization denitration for the second time, according to the brown coal mineral characteristic, in the brown coal drying course, the useless flue gas of the brown coal under collect, adopt dry method, semidry method or wet desulphurization, denitrating technique, carry out the desulfurizing and denitrifying process second time.
9. a kind of brown coal oven dry upgrading production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 2, the method that the brown coal after the described oven dry carry out the chilling processing is to use liquid CO
2Or liquid N
2The annular spray tube carry out chilling and handle the back warehouse-in.
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| CN105806069A (en) * | 2016-05-01 | 2016-07-27 | 沈阳远大科技实业有限公司 | Lignite machining system with smashing and drying functions |
| CN107726840A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-23 | 焦作市真节能环保设备科技有限公司 | Dryer and the emergent heat release of air-heater connectivity part |
| WO2019015263A1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | 云南中翼鼎东能源科技开发有限公司 | Material drying method |
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