CN102297538A

CN102297538A - Air conditioner refrigerating system using liquid metal for heat dissipation

Info

Publication number: CN102297538A
Application number: CN2010102173577A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘静; 李海燕
Original assignee: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
Current assignee: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
Priority date: 2010-06-23
Filing date: 2010-06-23
Publication date: 2011-12-28

Abstract

The invention relates to an air conditioner refrigerating system using liquid metal for heat dissipation. The system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a dry filter, an expansion valve, an evaporator and a liquid separation cylinder, which are connected successively through connecting pipes and form a refrigerating circuit, the cycling refrigerating circuit has a refrigerant circulating and flowing therein; and the air conditioner refrigerating system further comprises a liquid metal heat dissipater, which comprises a heat extracting plate directly in contact with the surface of the condenser, and a rib-shaped heat dissipating component. The heat dissipater is characterized in that a first minitype flow channel is arranged in the heat dissipating plate; the rib-shaped heat dissipating component consists of a substrate with a second minitype flow channel, and heat dissipating ribs arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate; the first and second minitype flow channels are communicated with each other through a connecting pipeline; and the connecting pipeline is equipped with a self-powered driving pump for driving the liquid metal to circulate and flow in the first and second minitype flow channels and the connecting pipeline. The air conditioner refrigerating system provided by the invention has cooling capacity remarkably superior to traditional ways of air cooling, water cooling, phase transformation cooling, etc., has a simple structure, is easy to use, has no noise, and is energy-saving and highly efficient.

Description

Adopt the air-conditioning refrigeration system of liquid metals heat radiation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of air-conditioning refrigeration system, particularly a kind of air-conditioning refrigeration system that adopts liquid metals that condenser is lowered the temperature and dispelled the heat with the employing liquid metals that its heat is passed to surrounding air.

Background technology

Air-conditioning quilt is described as one of human greatest invention of twentieth century, and its appearance is made us class and broken away from passive dependence to environment.Air-conditioning is when making refrigerating operaton, the refrigerant gas of low-temp low-pressure adds the refrigerant gas that presses to HTHP after being sucked by compressor, in outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) behind the condensation heat, the liquid of warm high pressure in becoming, in the liquid of warm high pressure again through becoming the liquid of low-temp low-pressure after the throttle part throttling step-down, after absorbing heat and evaporate, the liquid refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure becomes the gas of low-temp low-pressure in indoor heat exchanger (evaporimeter), these gases are sucked by compressor again, carry out next circulation; In circulation, the heat of outdoor heat exchanger is taken away by cooling medium, and room air is realized reduction room temperature purpose through the cooling that is cooled of indoor heat exchanger surface.

And along with the continually developing and using of new technology, new material, new technology, the air-conditioning product is also progressively to intelligent, miniaturization development, but " weight reducing " of air-conditioning product must bring " shrink " of heat exchanger heat exchange area, directly has influence on the performance of air-conditioning system.For guaranteeing the operate as normal of air-conditioning system, improve system power and become direct selection; Yet, after power is brought up to a certain degree, will cause rotation speed of fan to increase substantially, power consumption and noise significantly strengthen, especially use the summer of concentrating the most at air-conditioning, the power consumption of air-conditioning is more and more higher, surpasses 40% of total electricity consumption in a lot of cities during the peak, so high air-conditioning power consumption has increased national electric load, and resource is exerted heavy pressures on.In addition, summer the outside air temperature height, the air-conditioning heat transfer temperature difference is little, condenser mainly cools off by air, and the air thermal conductivity is less, flows although there is fan to quicken air, heat exchange property is still limited.So many researchers have carried out further investigation and improved to this, propose several different methods such as water cooling, phase transformation cooling, but still exist use inconvenient, efficient is low, problems such as troublesome maintenance.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of air-conditioning refrigeration system that adopts liquid metals heat radiation, it is cooled off reaching the active heat removal purpose by conduct heat heater element to air conditioner of liquid metals, and energy consumption is lower, in energy-saving field important value is arranged.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The air-conditioning refrigeration system of employing liquid metals heat radiation provided by the invention, it comprises compressor 1, condenser 2, the device for drying and filtering 5 in and formation circularly cooling loop continuous successively by connecting pipe, expansion valve 6, evaporimeter 7 and liquid separatnig tube 8; Described circularly cooling has circulated cold-producing medium in the loop; It is characterized in that, also comprise liquid metals radiator 3;

Described liquid metals radiator 3 comprises: directly with described condenser 2 surperficial contacted heat extraction plates 10 and rib-type heat radiation constituent element 14; Be provided with first micro flow channel in the described heat extraction plates 10; Described rib-type heat radiation constituent element 14 is made up of substrate that has second micro flow channel and the radiated rib 13 that is provided with on the substrate upper and lower surface; First micro flow channel in the described heat extraction plates 10 and described rib-type heat radiation constituent element 14 intrabasement second micro flow channel are connected by connecting pipe 9; Self-powered 18 driving pump is housed on the described connecting pipe 9 to circulate in described first micro flow channel that is interconnected, second micro flow channel and connecting pipe 9 to drive liquid metals 11.

Described driving pump is electromagnetic pump, mechanical pump or electric Wetting pump.

Described electromagnetic pump structure comprises:

One has the electromagnetic pump substrate 15 of conduit 19 in it;

Lie against a pair of permanent magnetism sheet 16 on described electromagnetic pump substrate 15 upper and lower surfaces respectively; With

Be installed in the pair of electrodes sheet 17 on the two relative walls of conduit in the described electromagnetic pump substrate 15 19;

It is described that this is vertical with described permanent magnetism sheet 16 to plane, electrode slice 17 place;

Described this to the contact conductor 20 of electrode slice 17 by drawing in the small through hole of being located on the two relative walls of described conduit 19 21, and be electrically connected with power supply 18;

The material of described electrode slice 17 is copper, graphite or stainless steel;

Described permanent magnet sheet 16 is the permanent magnet sheet of 0.01～3 tesla's magnetic strength;

Described compressor 1 can optionally be selected different structural shapes, as piston type air compressor, screw air compressor, Axial Flow Compressor etc.

Described evaporimeter 7 is copper pipe formula evaporimeter, seamless steel pipe formula evaporimeter or aluminum pipe formula evaporimeter, and its caliber is 1～20mm.

Cold-producing medium in the described refrigerating circuit is the mixing of the mixing of any cold-producing medium among HFC-123, HFC-22, HFC-152 and the HFC134a, wantonly two kinds of cold-producing mediums, wantonly three kinds of refrigerant mixed or multiple cold-producing medium.

Connecting pipe outer wrapping foam class insulation material layer in the described refrigerating circuit.

Described liquid metals is gallium, sodium, potassium, mercury, gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal, indium stannum alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy or Na-K alloy.

The material of described rib-type heat radiation constituent element 1, described heat extraction plates 10 and connecting pipe 9 is stainless steel, diamond, copper, plastics, titanium, lucite or polymer.

The material of described electromagnetic pump substrate 15 is stainless steel, diamond, copper, plastics, titanium, lucite or polymer.

The shape of cross section of described first micro flow channel, connecting pipe 9, conduit 19 and second micro flow channel is rectangle, square or triangle; The total length of described first micro flow channel that is connected, connecting pipe 9, conduit 19 and second micro flow channel is between 1 millimeter to 5000 centimetres.

The top of described fin 13, below or upper and lower are provided with fan 4.

Compressor 1 in the air-conditioning refrigeration system of employing liquid metals heat radiation of the present invention can be selected the present compressor product that has had on the market as required as far as possible, can reduce production cost greatly like this; The mode of refrigeration can adopt both vapor compression, absorption refrigeration, steam-sprayed refrigeration, Compressed Gas refrigeration, air whirl refrigeration, stirling refrigeration, dimension to rein in multiple refrigeration modes such as Mil (VM) refrigeration, GM refrigeration; And preferred recommendation employing vapour compression refrigeration is that the bigger energy consumption of coefficient of refrigerating performance is little because it is present most economical and most widely used refrigerating method; Cold-producing medium in the whole refrigeration system is selected nontoxic pollution-free and non-flammable working medium for use, for example any cold-producing medium of HFC-123, HFC-22, HFC-152 and HFC134a, wantonly two kinds of refrigerant mixed, wantonly three kinds of refrigerant mixed or multiple refrigerant mixed.

The operation principle of vapour compression refrigeration be make that cold-producing medium compresses in heat power equipments such as compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporimeter, circulation that heat release, throttling and four main thermal processions of heat absorption are formed; Compressor 1 starts the high pressure superheated steam of discharging the back and passes through condenser 2 condensations, enters evaporimeter 7 refrigeration after expansion valve 6 throttlings, returns compressor 1 at last; Evaporator outlet is equipped with liquid separatnig tube 8, enters the cylinder of compressor 1 to prevent refrigerant liquid; Condenser 2 outlets are equipped with device for drying and filtering 5, and the cold-producing medium that enters evaporimeter is carried out dry filter, avoid freezing and stop up each capillary and evaporimeter tube wall metal is caused corrosion.

Evaporimeter 7 can be designed to different shapes and size as required, for different refrigerating capacity requirements, can also adopt multi-stage evaporator repeatedly throttling reach a plurality of different evaporating temperatures, can adapt to different cooling requirements like this, satisfy the needed refrigerating capacity in room.

Condenser 2 can be selected various types such as rib-pipe type, shell-tube type for use, and the liquid metals radiator 3 that is complementary by structure with it dispels the heat; Ribbed pipe can adopt copper tube aluminum also can adopt steel pipe steel disc or steel pipe copper sheet, and ribbed pipe can adopt continuous full wafer to make the fin group, also can adopt spiral around sheet, and the spacing of fin is 1～5mm; If adopt shell-tube type, shell can be rolled by tank plate, and interior pipe can adopt copper tube; Liquid metals radiator 3 can select for use high-thermal conductive metal such as materials such as aluminium, copper, gold, titanium, graphite or silver to make, and inner encapsulation low-melting-point liquid metal or its alloy drive it by driving pump and flow; The optional electromagnetic pump of driving pump, mechanical pump or electric Wetting pump etc., preferably electromagnetic pump is to reduce noise.This type of cooling has been introduced the mode of liquid metals fluid+refrigeration working medium gap heat exchange first, and its general structure is compact, and liquid metals radiator 3 also helps the cooling of compressor 1 when condenser 2 is cooled off.Liquid metals radiator 3 also can directly utilize copper pipe, steel pipe or aluminum pipe to wait and strengthen area of dissipation in addition; Can be provided with above the rib-type of the liquid metals radiator 3 heat radiation constituent element 14 fan 4, below be provided with fan 4 or the above and below is equipped with fan 4; Do not add fan 4 and can directly reduce noise; Compressor 1 and liquid metals radiator 3 are all powered by host power supply; Liquid metals can adopt electromagnetic pump to drive, and power consumption is extremely low, studies show that, when cooling off at the 100W heater element, pairing liquid metals fluid drives electrical power and only needs 500mW, and fan then need be up to the 7-10W magnitude, so the energy-saving effect of liquid metals is very significant.

In sum, the air-conditioning refrigeration system energy consumption of employing liquid metals heat radiation of the present invention is low, compact conformation, has very high cost performance, and can produce cold as required, can overcome the defective that the conventional fan noise is big, power consumption is high, this also is one of key of proposing of the present invention; Its core is to utilize the liquid metals heat transfer system that condenser is implemented high efficiency and heat radiation, strengthens the effect of refrigeration; Whole system miniaturization, low energy consumption, cooling is big, simple in structure, moving component is few, and reliability is high and operation is very simple; The cyclic process of liquid metals is sealed in the entire radiator, can not impact environment, thereby have the tangible feature of environmental protection; It is the room air conditioner of representative that its range of application also not only is confined to window air conditioner, split type (wall-hanging, cabinet type) air-conditioner, also can be in central air-conditioning.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, also is its kind of refrigeration cycle schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of liquid metals radiator 3;

Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of liquid metals radiator 3;

Fig. 4 is the flow passage structure schematic diagram in the heat extraction plates 10.

The specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the circulation theory figure of a kind of novel refrigeration system based on liquid metals heat radiation provided by the invention, also is one embodiment of the present of invention; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of liquid metals radiator provided by the invention; Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of liquid metals radiator provided by the invention; Fig. 4 is the flow passage structure schematic diagram in the heat extraction plates provided by the invention.As seen from the figure, the air-conditioning refrigeration system of employing liquid metals heat radiation provided by the invention, it comprises compressor 1, condenser 2, the device for drying and filtering 5 of and formation refrigerating circuit continuous successively by connecting pipe, expansion valve 6, evaporimeter 7 and liquid separatnig tube 8; Described circularly cooling has circulated cold-producing medium in the loop; It is characterized in that, also comprise liquid metals radiator 3;

System's refrigeration modes can adopt existing any refrigeration modes to realize that as both vapor compression, the bigger energy consumption of coefficient of refrigerating performance is little, and is most economical and most widely used general, recommends preferentially to adopt; Compressor 1 is selected piston type air compressor for use, and the technology comparative maturity can directly be bought from market.

Condenser 2 is used for the high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam that condensate compressor is discharged, the rib-pipe type structure that employing can enhanced heat exchange.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the driving pump of present embodiment is selected electromagnetic pump for use, and its structure comprises:

One has the electromagnetic pump substrate 15 of conduit 19 in it; Lie against a pair of permanent magnetism sheet 16 on described electromagnetic pump substrate 15 upper and lower surfaces respectively; Be installed in described electromagnetic pump substrate 15 in pair of electrodes sheet 17 on relative two walls of conduit 19; It is described that this is vertical with described permanent magnetism sheet 16 to plane, electrode slice 17 place; Described this to the contact conductor 20 of electrode slice 17 by drawing in the small through hole of being located on the two relative walls of described conduit 19 21, and be electrically connected with power supply 18; The material of described electrode slice 17 is copper, graphite or stainless steel; Described permanent magnet sheet 16 is the permanent magnet sheet of 0.01～3 tesla's magnetic strength.

Electromagnetic pump is used to drive liquid metals and flows, and can directly be chosen or be made by ripe principle by market; Optionally, electromagnetic pump also can adopt other driving pumps such as replacements such as mechanical pump, electric Wetting pump;

Rib-type heat radiation constituent element 14 will be that the heat that liquid metals brought of heat extraction plates 10 looses from temperature end.

The liquid metals 11 that present embodiment adopts is gallium (also can adopt sodium, potassium, mercury, gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal, indium stannum alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy or Na-K alloy certainly); Liquid metals 11 is used for taking the heat that heating face produces to rib-type heat radiation constituent element 14, looses by free convection and radiation heat transfer mode again from its surperficial fin 13 afterwards.

(substrate that also can select diamond, copper, titanium, plastics, lucite or polymerizable material for use certainly) selected at the stainless steel-based end in the heat radiation substrate of the liquid metals radiator 3 of present embodiment for use, the intrabasement conduit shape of cross section of the heat radiation of present embodiment is rectangle (also can adopt square, circle or triangle), and its diameter all can between 10 nanometers to 10 centimetre;

The total length of first micro flow channel that is connected, connecting pipe 9, conduit 19 and second micro flow channel all can between 5000 centimetres at 1 millimeter.

Fan 4 can be selected for example 120mm * 120mm for use, the fan that series of comparisons such as 100mm * 120mm are big, thus reduce rotation speed of the fan by increasing blade dimensions, reduce noise; Also can directly utilize copper pipe, steel pipe or aluminum pipe to wait and strengthen area of dissipation, can be without fan 4.This mode has just reduced the source of noise.

The cold-producing medium that 5 pairs of devices for drying and filtering enter evaporimeter carries out dry filter, avoids freezing and stops up each capillary and evaporimeter tube wall metal is caused corrosion.

Expansion valve 6 can adopt heating power expansion valve commonly used in the conventional air-conditioning, also can adopt electric expansion valve, can buy ready-made product on market.

It is the copper pipe of 1～20mm that the evaporimeter 7 that carries out heat exchange with room air can be selected diameter for use, also can adopt materials such as seamless steel pipe or aluminum pipe to make; For different refrigerating capacity requirements, can also adopt multi-stage evaporator repeatedly throttling reach a plurality of different evaporating temperatures, can adapt to different cooling requirements like this, satisfy the needed refrigerating capacity in room.

Liquid separatnig tube 8 is used to prevent that refrigerant liquid from entering the cylinder of compressor 1, causes the compressor liquid hammer, damages compressor.

Cold-producing medium in the whole refrigeration system of present embodiment is selected nontoxic pollution-free and non-flammable HFC-123 (also can adopt HFC-22, HFC-152, HFC134a or mixed working fluid etc.) for use.

For reaching better radiating effect, liquid metals 11 of the present invention should satisfy following requirement: nontoxic, institute's contact material is not played corrosion and chemical action, and chemical reaction does not at high temperature take place; Be convenient to obtain; Has certain heat endurance; The latent heat of fusion is bigger, and viscosity is less; It is high that specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are wanted, thereby when transmitting certain heat, can make flow little, conducts heat rapidly.

Of the present invention extremely easy to use, opening power in order can start refrigeration link and liquid metals heat sinking function, thereby guarantees that whole equipment steadily exports cold.

Liquid metals has the thermal conductivity far above nonmetal fluid such as water, air and even other mixing materials, the hot rerum natura of its excellence relatively is suitable as the heat transmission, and be easy to adopt the electromagnetic pump driving that significantly is lower than water-cooled or fan with power consumption, can realize that thus the movement-less part drive fluid flows, like this, liquid metals during as cooling fluid, can be produced heat radiation and energy-efficient performance very efficiently.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of novel air conditioning system that can cool off the heat generating components in the air-conditioning refrigeration system with the liquid metals heat exchanger that low-power consumption drives.

For general outdoor air conditioner, its condenser heating power is about 100W, therefore, adopt liquid metals to cool off several different heat generating components simultaneously, this just proposes brand-new " air-conditioner of noiselessness type or the heat radiation of a low noise type liquid metals " notion, type that can be different according to the refrigerating capacity different choice.For large-size air conditioning, also it can be transformed into and adopt the air-conditioning system of liquid metals, to satisfy large-scale cooling requirement to the multi-part heat radiation.

As previously mentioned, the current technology of method cooling air-conditioning condensers such as air-cooled, water-cooled and phase transformation cooling of utilizing has been come out, but still there is not the report that the air-conditioning heat generating components is cooled off by the liquid metals cooling system both at home and abroad, the present invention is expected to set up a kind of air-conditioning refrigeration system of functional diversities, it is simple in structure, easy to use, be a kind of energy-conservation, simple and reliable refrigeration system, be expected to become at the suitable very wide device of air conditioner refrigerating industry.

It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.The air-conditioning system that adopts vapour compression refrigeration, absorption refrigeration, steam-sprayed refrigeration, gas compression refrigeration, air whirl refrigeration, stirling refrigeration, dimension to rein in Mil's refrigeration or GM refrigeration all belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. air-conditioning refrigeration system that adopts liquid metals heat radiation, it comprises by connecting pipe and links to each other successively and form compressor (1), condenser (2), the device for drying and filtering (5) in circularly cooling loop, expansion valve (6), evaporimeter (7) and liquid separatnig tube (8); Described circularly cooling has circulated cold-producing medium in the loop; It is characterized in that, also comprise liquid metals radiator (3);

Described liquid metals radiator (3) comprising: directly with surperficial contacted heat extraction plates of described condenser (2) (10) and rib-type heat radiation constituent element (14); Described heat extraction plates is provided with first micro flow channel in (10); Described rib-type heat radiation constituent element (14) is made up of substrate that has second micro flow channel and the radiated rib (13) that is provided with on the substrate upper and lower surface; First micro flow channel in the described heat extraction plates (10) and intrabasement second micro flow channel of described rib-type heat radiation constituent element (14) are connected by connecting pipe (9); The driving pump that is equipped with on the described connecting pipe (9) by power supply (18) power supply circulates in described first micro flow channel that is interconnected, second micro flow channel and connecting pipe to drive liquid metals (11).

2. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described driving pump is electromagnetic pump, mechanical pump or electric Wetting pump.

3. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 2, it is characterized in that described electromagnetic pump structure comprises:

One has the electromagnetic pump substrate (15) of conduit (19) in it;

Lie against a pair of permanent magnetism sheet (16) on described electromagnetic pump substrate (15) upper and lower surface respectively; With

Be installed in the pair of electrodes sheet (17) on the two relative walls of the interior conduit of described electromagnetic pump substrate (15) (19);

It is described that this is vertical with described permanent magnetism sheet (16) to electrode slice (17) plane, place;

Described this contact conductor to electrode slice (17) (20) is by drawing in the small through hole of being located on the two relative walls of described conduit (19) (21), and is electrically connected with power supply (18);

The material of described electrode slice (17) is copper, graphite or stainless steel;

Described permanent magnet sheet (16) is the permanent magnet sheet of 0.01～3 tesla's magnetic strength.

4. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described compressor (1) is piston type air compressor, screw air compressor or Axial Flow Compressor.

5. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described evaporimeter (7) is copper pipe formula evaporimeter, seamless steel pipe formula evaporimeter or aluminum pipe formula evaporimeter, its caliber is 1～20mm.

6. press the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cold-producing medium in the described circularly cooling loop is the mixing of the mixing of any cold-producing medium among HFC-123, HFC-22, HFC-152 and the HFC134a, wantonly two kinds of cold-producing mediums, wantonly three kinds of refrigerant mixed or multiple cold-producing medium.

7. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described liquid metals (11) is gallium, sodium, potassium, mercury, gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal, indium stannum alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy or Na-K alloy.

8. press the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 2, it is characterized in that the material of described rib-type heat radiation constituent element (14), described heat extraction plates (10), electromagnetic pump substrate (15) and connecting pipe (9) is stainless steel, diamond, copper, plastics, titanium, lucite or polymer.

9. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that the shape of cross section of described first micro flow channel, connecting pipe 9, conduit 19 and second micro flow channel is rectangle, square or triangle; The total length of described first micro flow channel that is connected, connecting pipe 9, conduit 19 and second micro flow channel is between 1 millimeter to 5000 centimetres.

10. by the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the described employing liquid metals heat radiation of claim 1, it is characterized in that the top of described fin 13, below or upper and lower are provided with fan 4; Under the enough big situation of liquid metals radiator, also can not establish fan, to form complete noiseless air-conditioning refrigeration system.