CN102267453A - Energy management method for stroke-increased electric motor car - Google Patents
Energy management method for stroke-increased electric motor car Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy management method for a stroke-increased electric motor car. The electric motor car is controlled to enter into different energy modes according to the driving condition and the battery electric quantity of the electric motor car, wherein the electric motor car enters into an electric energy consumption mode under the condition of low-speed starting or the conditions of constant-speed cruising and accelerating when the battery electric quantity is higher than a preset value SOC_lim; the electric motor car enters into an electric energy maintaining mode under the conditions of constant-speed cruising and accelerating when the battery electric quantity is equal to or less than a lower limit value SOC_lim_low; the electric motor car enters into a mechanical braking mode under the conditions of speed-reducing and braking when the battery electric quantity is equal to or more than a maximum limit value SOC_max; and the electric motor car enters into a regenerating braking mode under the conditions of speed-reducing and braking when the battery electric quantity is lower than the maximum value SOC_max. According to the energy management method, the electric energy consumption mode and the electric energy maintaining mode are set, thereby realizing the optimized distribution management for the energy flow of the whole electric motor car, promoting the energy use ratio under the condition of meeting the driving requirement, realizing the environmentally-friendly, comfortable and high-efficient energy use, and protecting a battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the control technology for electric motor car field, specially refer to a kind of energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle.
Background technology
Energy-saving and environmental protection, safety are the developing direction of following automobile, energy savings how, and improving energy utilization efficiency is an important techniques of development of automobile.New-energy automobile is not only wanted to reach than expenditure of energy, the realization zero-emission still less of regular fuel car, wants more can satisfy chaufeur to many-sided demands such as car load dynamic property, driving, continual mileages.Extended-range electric vehicle is propulsion source with the electrical motor, utilizes engine power generation to increase the electric energy that drives battery simultaneously, to increase the continuation of the journey mileage of battery-driven car.In extended-range electric vehicle, unique effect of driving engine is generating, when needing to start, but continuous working is under optimum speed again, the power of output and also substantially constant of moment of torsion, thereby its efficient, discharging, reliability etc. all are in preferable states, also save the cost with the motorcoupling coupling.When the on-vehicle battery electric quantity consumption when the minimum threshold limiting, distance increasing unit will start and automatically for it continues to provide electric energy, to realize the driving ability up to several hundred kilometers.Can effectively overcome the conventional electric car short defect of mileage of travelling like this, the driver need not be worried for this reason.In addition, the capacity of cell of stroke-increasing electric automobile only needs about 40% of pure electric automobile, has greatly reduced cost.Stroke-increasing electric automobile is compared with other new forms of energy vehicles, all has clear superiority at the aspects such as comfort feature of efficiency of energy utilization, price, use.
But; the energy management method of above-mentioned extended-range electric vehicle is imperfect as yet; possess at the same time under the situation of battery and two kinds of energy sources of driving engine; how when satisfying the multiple demand of chaufeur; realize environmental protection, comfortable, energy utilization efficiently; and protect battery simultaneously, be a urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle, when being implemented in the multiple driving demand that satisfies chaufeur, realizing environmental protection, comfortable, energy utilization efficiently, and protect battery simultaneously.
The key of the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention is that at first controlling battery-driven car according to the driving cycle of battery-driven car and battery electric quantity selects to enter different energy models, wherein: enter the electric quantity consumption pattern when during low speed starting operating mode or at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are higher than predetermined value SOC_lim, the control motor drives car load with predetermined power, has only just to start mileage adder be battery charge when the car load demand power is higher than described motor predetermined power; Enter electric weight when at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are equal to or less than lower limit SOC_lim_low and keep pattern, the work of control mileage adder remains in preset range SOC_lim_low～SOC_lim_high the electric weight of battery; Deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity enter the mechanical braking pattern when equaling higher limit SOC_max; Deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity enter the regenerative brake pattern when being lower than higher limit SOC_max.
Further, in the described regenerative brake pattern, if acceleration pedal and brake pedal are not all stepped on, then enter F/s regenerative brake pattern, brake pedal is stepped on if acceleration pedal is not stepped on, and then enters subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern; The brake power generating moment of torsion of described F/s regenerative brake pattern is less than the brake power generating moment of torsion of subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern.
Further, in the described electric quantity consumption pattern, controlling battery-driven car according to the selection of chaufeur enters long apart from mode of operation or dynamic work pattern or economy mode of operation, in its middle and long distance mode of operation, utilize motor to drive car load apart from optimizing power P _ Batt_opl with the pre-fixed length of battery, when car load demand power P_req greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, start mileage adder and be battery charge; In the dynamic work pattern, utilize motor to drive car load,, start mileage adder and be battery charge as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery with car load demand power P_req; In the economy mode of operation, utilize motor to optimize power P _ Batt_opj and drive car load with the predetermined economy of battery, when car load demand power P_req optimizes power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, start mileage adder and be battery charge; Described pre-fixed length is optimized the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of power P _ Batt_opj＜permission apart from optimizing power P _ Batt_opl≤predetermined economy.
Further, described length is apart from the mode of operation, when the car load demand power greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opl with predetermined long distance; In the described dynamic work pattern, as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opD with predetermined dynamic property; In the described economy mode of operation, when car load demand power P_req optimized power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, it was battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ Re_opj with predetermined economy; Described long distance is optimized power P _ RE_opl≤predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj＜predetermined dynamic property and is optimized power P _ RE_opD≤maximum power P_RE_max.
Further, described electric weight is kept in the pattern, when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than the lower limit SOC_lim_low of preset range or car load demand driving power P_req during greater than predetermined value P_pre, starts mileage adder and is battery charge; When battery electric quantity is higher than the higher limit SOC_lim_high of preset range and car load demand driving power P_req and is less than or equal to predetermined value P_pre, close mileage adder, described predetermined value P_pre equals the maximum discharge power of battery.
Further, described electric weight is kept in the pattern, controlling mileage adder when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than lower limit SOC_low_BattSafe is battery charge and driving car load with maximum power P_RE_max work, otherwise the control mileage adder is a battery charge with predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj.
Car load energy management pattern is divided into the electric quantity consumption pattern to the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention and electric weight is kept pattern; the car load energy Flow has been carried out the optimized distribution management; under the prerequisite that satisfies the driving demand, improved energy utilization efficiency; realize environmental protection, comfortable, energy utilization efficiently, and protected battery simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing that concerns of mode of operation under the driving operating mode of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention and battery electric quantity.
Fig. 3 is the logic control chart of the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the logic control chart of electric quantity consumption pattern in the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the logic control chart that electric weight is kept pattern in the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the extended-range electric vehicle of present embodiment adopts f-w-d, and the power of drive motor output directly arrives drive wheel by change-speed box, diff.The energy that drive motor consumed can be from electrokinetic cell, also can be from mileage adder (being called for short the RE system).Mileage adder is made up of driving engine and electrical generator, is directly connected on the dc bus that electrokinetic cell comes out by inverter.Under some operating mode, can protect battery like this, allow battery quit work, only supply with drive motor with the electric energy of mileage adder output.Wherein, equipment such as entire car controller co-operative control management motor, battery, mileage adder are to realize the control logic of car load energy management.Entire car controller comes to communicate with electric machine controller, battery management system, mileage adder control system by the CAN bus.
As shown in Figure 3, the energy management method of the extended-range electric vehicle of present embodiment is at first controlled battery-driven car according to the driving cycle of battery-driven car and battery electric quantity and is selected to enter different energy models, wherein: enter the electric quantity consumption pattern when during low speed starting operating mode or at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are higher than predetermined value SOC_lim, the control motor drives car load with predetermined power, has only just to start mileage adder be battery charge when the car load demand power is higher than described motor predetermined power; Enter electric weight when at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are equal to or less than lower limit SOC_lim_low and keep pattern, the work of control mileage adder remains in preset range SOC_lim_low～SOC_lim_high the electric weight of battery; It is that battery electric quantity does not allow battery charge that deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity equal higher limit SOC_max() time enter the mechanical braking pattern; Deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity enter the regenerative brake pattern when being lower than higher limit SOC_max.
Above-mentioned energy management method is in the low speed operating mode that starts to walk, and car load directly enters the electric quantity consumption pattern of energy management, and is to carry out work with electric-only mode, like this can fast starting.Drive under the operating mode general, comprise and cruising and accelerating mode that this is the signal according to sensor acquisition, parameters such as battery electric quantity, car load demand power are judged, select concrete driving operating mode mode of operation with decision.In the brake snub stage, when the battery electric quantity condition does not allow battery to continue charging, only carry out mechanical braking; When other decelerations in addition and damped condition, energy management system can allow drive motor make full use of braking energy, carries out energy recovery.
Further, in the described regenerative brake pattern, if acceleration pedal and brake pedal are not all stepped on, then enter F/s regenerative brake pattern, brake pedal is stepped on if acceleration pedal is not stepped on, and then enters subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern; The brake power generating moment of torsion of described F/s regenerative brake pattern is less than the brake power generating moment of torsion of subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern.When not stepping on brake pedal when the chaufeur release the gas pedal, the expression chaufeur needs automobile slowly to slow down, and the brake power generating moment of torsion of this moment is less; And when stepping on brake pedal when the chaufeur release the gas pedal, the expression chaufeur needs automobile to slow down rapidly, the brake power generating moment of torsion of this moment is bigger, can utilize the brake power generating moment of torsion to implement braking deceleration to car load so better, meets people's driving habit.
As shown in Figure 2, the mode of operation under the driving operating mode and the relation of battery electric quantity are divided into two kinds: first kind is the electric quantity consumption mode of operation (CD) of energy management: this pattern mainly is based on the electric weight in the consuming cells, the electric weight SOC of battery is on a declining curve generally, wherein also has and fluctuates; Keep mode of operation (CS) for the electric weight of energy management for second kind: under this mode of operation, the electric weight of battery can be maintained near certain charge value, and in preset range SOC_lim_low～SOC_lim_high, fluctuate, remain unchanged substantially generally.
As shown in Figure 4, in the described electric quantity consumption pattern, controlling battery-driven car according to the selection of chaufeur enters long apart from mode of operation or dynamic work pattern or economy mode of operation, in its middle and long distance mode of operation, utilize motor to optimize power P _ Batt_opl and drive car load with the long distance that calculates of battery, when car load demand power P_req greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, start mileage adder and be battery charge; In the dynamic work pattern, utilize motor to drive car load,, start mileage adder and be battery charge as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery with car load demand power P_req; In the economy mode of operation, utilize motor to optimize power P _ Batt_opj and drive car load with the predetermined economy of battery, when car load demand power P_req optimizes power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, start mileage adder and be battery charge; Described pre-fixed length is optimized the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of power P _ Batt_opj＜permission apart from optimizing power P _ Batt_opl≤predetermined economy.
Long is to be that controlled target is carried out energy distribution with the longest continual mileage apart from mode of operation; The dynamic work pattern then mainly is in order to satisfy the car load demand power of chaufeur; The economy mode of operation mainly is the taking into account system efficiency operation, and degradation of energy is minimum.
Further, above-mentioned length is apart from the mode of operation, when the car load demand power greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opl with predetermined long distance; In the above-mentioned dynamic work pattern, as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opD with predetermined dynamic property; In the above-mentioned economy mode of operation, when car load demand power P_req optimized power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, it was battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ Re_opj with predetermined economy; Above-mentioned long distance is optimized power P _ RE_opl≤predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj＜predetermined dynamic property and is optimized power P _ RE_opD.Horsepower output by the control mileage adder, can be under the prerequisite that guarantees the driving demand, make mileage adder as far as possible to optimize power work, promptly optimal control has been carried out in the work area of driving engine, allow the mileage adder systems attempt be operated in high efficiency region, thereby can optimize the energy utilization.Simultaneously, control battery system charge-discharge velocity prevents excessive high current charge-discharge, efficiently utilizes the energy in the battery.
As shown in Figure 5, described electric weight is kept in the pattern, when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than the lower limit SOC_lim_low of preset range or car load demand driving power P_req during greater than predetermined value P_pre, starts mileage adder and is battery charge; When battery electric quantity is higher than the higher limit SOC_lim_high of preset range and car load demand driving power P_req and is less than or equal to predetermined value P_pre, close mileage adder, described predetermined value P_pre equals the maximum discharge power of battery.Can guarantee that like this battery electric quantity maintains in preset range SOC_lim_low～SOC_lim_high, and formed certain state between the opening and closing of mileage adder and kept interval, avoid the frequent start-stop work of driving engine, avoided the heavy-current discharge of battery under the low state of electric weight simultaneously.
Further, the mode that present embodiment has adopted battery electric quantity follower type control policy and power following type control policy to combine, keep in the pattern at electric weight, the control mileage adder is battery charge with maximum power P_RE_max work and drives car load when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than lower limit SOC_low_BattSafe, guarantee that battery electric quantity recovers as early as possible, otherwise it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ Re_opj with predetermined economy, to optimize the energy utilization.
Claims (8)
1. the energy management method of an extended-range electric vehicle, it is characterized in that at first controlling battery-driven car according to the driving cycle of battery-driven car and battery electric quantity selects to enter different energy models, wherein: enter the electric quantity consumption pattern when during low speed starting operating mode or at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are higher than predetermined value SOC_lim, the control motor drives car load with predetermined power, has only just to start mileage adder be battery charge when the car load demand power is higher than described motor predetermined power; Enter electric weight when at the uniform velocity cruising condition and accelerating mode and battery electric quantity are equal to or less than lower limit SOC_lim_low and keep pattern, the work of control mileage adder remains in preset range SOC_lim_low～SOC_lim_high the electric weight of battery; Deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity enter the mechanical braking pattern when equaling higher limit SOC_max; Deceleration and damped condition and battery electric quantity enter the regenerative brake pattern when being lower than higher limit SOC_max.
2. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described regenerative brake pattern, if acceleration pedal and brake pedal are not all stepped on, then enter F/s regenerative brake pattern, brake pedal is stepped on if acceleration pedal is not stepped on, and then enters subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern; The brake power generating moment of torsion of described F/s regenerative brake pattern is less than the brake power generating moment of torsion of subordinate phase regenerative brake pattern.
3. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that in the described electric quantity consumption pattern, controlling battery-driven car according to the selection of chaufeur enters long apart from mode of operation or dynamic work pattern or economy mode of operation, in its middle and long distance mode of operation, utilize motor to drive car load apart from optimizing power P _ Batt_opl with the pre-fixed length of battery, when car load demand power P_req greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, start mileage adder and be battery charge; In the dynamic work pattern, utilize motor to drive car load,, start mileage adder and be battery charge as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery with car load demand power P_req; In the economy mode of operation, utilize motor to optimize power P _ Batt_opj and drive car load with the predetermined economy of battery, when car load demand power P_req optimizes power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, start mileage adder and be battery charge; Described pre-fixed length is optimized the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of power P _ Batt_opj＜permission apart from optimizing power P _ Batt_opl≤predetermined economy.
4. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described length is apart from the mode of operation, when the car load demand power greater than the pre-fixed length of battery when optimizing power P _ Batt_opl, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opl with predetermined long distance; In the described dynamic work pattern, as car load demand power P_req during greater than the maximum discharge power P_Batt_max of the permission of battery, it is battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ RE_opD with predetermined dynamic property; In the described economy mode of operation, when car load demand power P_req optimized power P _ Batt_opj greater than the predetermined economy of battery, it was battery charge that the control mileage adder is optimized power P _ Re_opj with predetermined economy; Described long distance is optimized power P _ RE_opl≤predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj＜predetermined dynamic property and is optimized power P _ RE_opD.
5. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described electric weight keeps in the pattern, when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than the lower limit SOC_lim_low of preset range or car load demand driving power P_req during, starts mileage adder and be battery charge greater than predetermined value P_pre; When battery electric quantity is higher than the higher limit SOC_lim_high of preset range and car load demand driving power P_req and is less than or equal to predetermined value P_pre, close mileage adder, described predetermined value P_pre equals the maximum discharge power of battery.
6. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described electric weight keeps in the pattern, controlling mileage adder when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than lower limit SOC_low_BattSafe is battery charge and driving car load with maximum power P_RE max work, otherwise the control mileage adder is a battery charge with predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj.
7. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described electric weight keeps in the pattern, when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than the lower limit SOC_lim_low of preset range or car load demand driving power P_req during, starts mileage adder and be battery charge greater than predetermined value P_pre; When battery electric quantity is higher than the higher limit SOC_lim_high of preset range and car load demand driving power P_req and is less than or equal to predetermined value P_pre, close mileage adder, described predetermined value P_pre equals battery discharge power.
8. the energy management method of extended-range electric vehicle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that described electric weight keeps in the pattern, controlling mileage adder when battery electric quantity is equal to or less than lower limit SOC_low_BattSafe is battery charge and driving car load with maximum power P_RE_max work, otherwise the control mileage adder is a battery charge with predetermined economy optimization power P _ Re_opj.
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