CN102249384B - Treatment technology for small runoff and heavily-polluted river branches - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment technology for small runoff and heavily-polluted river branches. The technology is characterized by the processes of: blocking a river to set a drop dam, in front of which a dirt accommodating pit is digged, and the dirt accommodating pit is in connection with the drop dam; determining a certain distance in front of the dirt accommodating pit for hanging and immersing a slow release medicine package on the basis of a large flocculating unit forming before currents arriving the drop dam, and installing a spoiler between the slow release medicine package hanging and immersing point and the dirt accommodating pit for perturbing the currents so as to improve the flocculation efficiency, so that pollutant colloids, dissolved phosphorus or solid pollutants in the water body can be flocculated before reaching the drop dam and the generated flocculating unit, when blocked by the drop dam, sinks to the dirt accommodating pit so as to be removed at a fixed point, leaving the upper clear water that undergoes flocculation to overflow the drop dam and move ahead. And the forward moving currents also provide a water body oxygen enriching function. The technology of the invention can obviously improve the water quality and greatly reduce the river branch treatment cost.

Description

The improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream heavily contaminated river

Technical field

The present invention relates to the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream heavily contaminated river.

Background technology

River gushes that to administer be an international the difficult problem of environmental protection, only gushes and administers engineering as example take Guang Zhouhe: within 2008, spent so far 48,600,000,000 yuan, produced effects not good enough, still intend at present to invest 87,200,000,000 pairs administer in 5 years.Existing domestic and international successful case all will have two prerequisites substantially: 1. run-off is large or have diversion works can wash away mud; 2. realize and cut the dirty engineering of administering.Auxiliary with biological river levee on this basis, biological floating island, aeration, the methods such as microorganism reparation can further be improved water quality.Because diversion erosion and deposition can bring downstream source of pollution, whether science remains in objection method, and diversion cost is quite high, easily obviously changes environment, and therefore external main employing cut a dirty engineering+sewage work and administered at present, respond well but invest huge.

Path stream heavily contaminated river is gushed and is mainly distributed in resident compact district, enormous amount, and except receiving even part industry of resident living draining, commercial water often has both flood fighting water drainage function outward.Because a little less than water body scouring force, riverway sludge accumulation is serious conventionally; Because biomass is few, the low water body self-purification ability that causes of dissolved oxygen is poor; Cause being difficult for effectively laying the conventional dirty pipe network that cuts because space great in constructing amount is little; As adopt external moisturizing to wash away, not only quantities is great and planning difficulty.Path stream heavily contaminated river is gushed current domestic shortage and is successfully administered case, often can only be converted into closed conduit, but the corresponding problem that exists closed conduit to stop up difficult cleaning.Such river is gushed and is not to only depend on conventional biological method to administer, typical case is that Guangzhou Chi Gang gushes, gush for gushing in typical path stream heavily contaminated river in this river, although in the recent period river is gushed and has been adopted biological river levee and wetland in improvement, microbial film, the several different methods such as sludge handling, and the organism of these methods is all in shape, but gush still for black smelly bad 5 class water quality in this river at present, confirms that conventional biotechnology can only slow down pollution on a small quantity.Improve biomass though can lay in a large number aeration pump in theory, the corresponding expense of bringing is huge, manages difficult problem.Urgent need is set up a kind of cost and is gushed and administer technique and deal with far below existing methodical path stream heavily contaminated river.

Summary of the invention

The improvement technique that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of path stream heavily contaminated river to gush.The invention belongs to the professional gordian technique that middle and small river is administered.The present invention can obviously increase water quality, and has reduced very significantly river and has gushed treatment cost.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:

Path flows the improvement technique that gush in heavily contaminated river, gushes middle barrage drop dam is set in conventional river, dig and hold dirty hole, and the dirty hole of appearance is connected with drop dam before drop dam; Soak slowly-releasing cartridge bag to have formed larger flocs unit certain distance extension before the dirty hole of the definite appearance of benchmark before current arrive drop dam, and hang and soak a little and hold dirt and interceptor is installed is made current generation disturbance between cheating at slowly-releasing cartridge bag, to improve flocculation efficiency, thereby make pollutent colloid in water body, dissolved phosphorus or solid state pollutent are flocculated before arrival drop dam, flocs unit is subject to dropping and sinks to and hold dirty hole so that targeted elimination after dam stops, after upper strata flocculation, more clear water overflow is crossed drop dam and is moved ahead, and the current that the move ahead dam that makes to drop provides water oxygenation function simultaneously.(what generally annual runoff is less than to 1 billion cubic meter call path stream river, and common river brook, rural area, city just belongs to this class.Heavily contaminated is to say that quality of river water is in bad 5 classes)

The dirty hole of described drop dam and appearance adopts 2 groups of settings of connecting above, particularly in the time that water quality is poor or water volume flow rate is very fast.

The satchel quantity regulating of described slowly-releasing cartridge bag so that the 0.001-0.1% that slowly-releasing flocculation agent dissolution rate is run-off be as the criterion.

The satchel quantity regulating of described slowly-releasing cartridge bag preferably so that the 0.002-0.03% that slowly-releasing flocculation agent dissolution rate is run-off be as the criterion.

Described slowly-releasing cartridge bag contains slowly-releasing flocculation agent and the material of getting angry, and cartridge bag sack adopts the porous cloth that cotton etc. can be hydrophilic to make, reach slowly-releasing object by the size and number in aperture on cloth bag, also can reach better slowly-releasing object to cloth bag local gluing again, play the dissolution rate that regulates slowly-releasing flocculation agent; Wherein slowly-releasing flocculation agent adopts one or more in inorganic flocculating agent and organic floculant; Wherein inorganic flocculating agent adopts molysite, aluminium salt; Organic floculant is for reducing costs general employing polyacrylamide (PAM); The described material of getting angry gushes biological group living environment and generally adopts hydrogen material or the oxygen material of getting angry of getting angry for avoiding damaging river; Wherein the get angry amount ratio of material and inorganic flocculating agent, by weight, the material of getting angry: inorganic flocculating agent=1: 10-1: 1000; The get angry amount ratio of material and organic floculant, by weight, the material of getting angry: organic floculant=1: 20-1: 500.

Described molysite adopts iron(ic) chloride, the one in ferric sulfate or mixture, and described aluminium salt adopts Tai-Ace S 150, the one in aluminum chloride or mixture; Described hydrogen get angry material adopt aluminium, iron, the one in magnesium and magnesium base composite material.

Described magnesium base composite material is magnesium carbon composite powder or magnesium iron composite powder end, and compound principle is to make magnesium become the anode of galvanic cell, to improve magnesium and water response capacity; The described oxygen material of getting angry adopts the one in calcium peroxide and Magnesium peroxide.Be the material of getting angry for avoiding sluggish and medicine decomposition organic slow-release cartridge bag to use magnesium powder or magnesium base composite material.

Described refer to that water body runs into slowly-releasing flocculation agent to the time that flow to drop dam and is controlled at 0.5-5 minute to have formed larger flocs unit before current arrive drop dam as benchmark.Overlong time will find that part flocs unit can sink to riverbed rather than lower floor cheats to holding dirt.

It is in water body, to form whirlpool that described interceptor arranges effect, sinuous flow, and baffling etc., object is fully mixed medicament and water body, collides with each other and grow up and move downward as far as possible between flocs unit.

On described drop dam, conventionally install level or tilted-putted fine fack or grid additional, to increase drop oxygenation effect, further increase water quality; In the time that effluent quality is poor, hang that to soak hydrogen peroxide slowly-releasing cartridge bag or calcium peroxide slowly-releasing cartridge bag be that water body supplements oxygenation, make bed mud anaerobic bacteria flora eliminate stink for the oxygen flora of holding concurrently falls to substituting gradually; Or at drop dam dam crest, dam side adds kind of each kind of plant, doublely play the effect of blocking dirty band and biological wetland.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: utilize technique of the present invention to gush in improvement in path stream heavily contaminated river, can obviously increase water quality, cost is far below building sewage work, its effect is equivalent to the one-level materialization processing of municipal sewage plant, and drop dam---hold riverbed after dirty hole/slowly-releasing flocculation agent assembly and reduce because of contamination level, dissolved oxygen increase and play the secondary biochemical treatment effect of sewage work; While, maximum amplitude reduced training of channel number of times because pollutent is fixed a point to precipitate, and only needed periodic replacement slow-releasing agent and allowed environmental sanitation department aspirate mud in appearance dirt hole.Most important advantage is that not needing to carry out diversion washes away, and has reduced very significantly river and has gushed treatment cost.This technique can be with existing various conventional governance approach as aeration, chinampa, and microbial film, microbial treatments etc. are used in conjunction with.Gush in the river that also can be applied to large runoff, (1 billion cubic meter in general custom/annual run-off) gushes for large runoff river, can adopt in theory river course Multi-channel shunting is set in locality---river is gushed and is split into several strands of rivers and gushes, then gush interior use technique of the present invention at these rivers and process, reach the purification object that gush in large runoff river.For reducing the impact on navigation channel, drop dam can adopt low bar gate type structure.Utilize technique of the present invention, auxiliary with oxidation ditch, wetland forms three grades of improvement, can effectively carry out water quality improvement to entering land stream, lake in theory, is the novel method that during repair in ocean and lake, point source of pollution has a clear superiority in administering.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The present embodiment is near the discharge channel teachers college of Quanzhou, and water quality is apparent is 5 classes, muddy blackout, slight peculiar smell, approximately 0.02 cube of meter per second of flow.Near sewage draining exit, build and block canal drop dam with sandbag, dam crest is from 0.2 meter of the conventional water surface, parallel placement wire netting stretch out dam crest to increase drop oxygenation effect on dam.(in the time that effluent quality is poor, can also hang that to soak hydrogen peroxide slowly-releasing cartridge bag or calcium peroxide be that water body supplements oxygenation, make bed mud anaerobic bacteria flora eliminate stink for the oxygen flora of holding concurrently falls to substituting gradually.Also can be at drop dam dam crest, dam side adds kind of each kind of plant, doublely plays the effect of blocking dirty band and biological wetland.) dig before dam and hold dirty hole, and holding dirty hole is connected with drop dam, arriving drop take current has formed larger flocs unit before dam and has determined the distance of satchel apart from the dam that drops as benchmark, be water body run into slowly-releasing flocculation agent to flow to drop dam time be controlled at 0.5-5 minute, the present embodiment is hung and is soaked slowly-releasing Tai-Ace S 150 cartridge bag and slowly-releasing cationic polyacrylamide apart from front 10 meters of, drop dam, control satchel quantity and make slowly-releasing Tai-Ace S 150 dissolution rate be about 0.03% of run-off, slowly-releasing cationic PAM dissolution rate is about 0.002% of run-off.V shape sheet interceptor is distributed in the water body between cartridge bag and dam, and v shape sheet interceptor is provided with 6, and every 3 one group is distributed in the total cross section of discharge channel, and v spends the oblique lower arrangement in angle facing to dam body direction 30, makes current press down disturbance, to improve flocculation efficiency.

The general flour bag of the sub-materials'use of slow releasing medicinal bag is tailored, and (cotton system can absorb water.The sack that can not absorb water facts have proved and can not use) growth strip, 20 centimetres of diameters, the loose encircling sack that packs into after the simple mixing of slowly-releasing flocculation agent and foaming agent.Experimental results show that slowly-releasing cartridge bag size shape can arbitrarily change.Reach slowly-releasing object by the size and number in aperture on cloth bag, also can reach better slowly-releasing object to cloth bag local gluing again.

The material of getting angry in slowly-releasing Tai-Ace S 150 cartridge bag is 200 order aluminium powders, and consumption is Tai-Ace S 150 1/200.

The material of getting angry in slowly-releasing cationic polyacrylamide bag is 50 order magnesium powder, and consumption is polyacrylamide 1/100.

After discharging water, water body forms and is jammed on drop dam, the water body phenomenon of obviously flocculating, and large-scale flocs unit is intercepted at before drop dam, and clear water overflows and falls from dam crest.Water outlet COD drops to 300mg/l from 760mg/l, and dissolved oxygen rises to 4mg/l from 2.5mg/l.Water intaking is without obvious peculiar smell.From drop dam, to next sewage draining exit, water is always limpid.The technique of the present embodiment can obviously be increased water quality, and has reduced very significantly river and has gushed treatment cost.

Experimental results show that: flocs unit is tiny when different, to use slowly-releasing cationic PAM, part is overflowed from dam crest with clear water; Artificial bath strengthened run-off, finds to need to increase the amount of slowly-releasing cationic PAM, or the sets of numbers guarantee flocs unit in the dirty hole of increase drop dam/appearance does not overflow with clear water.After cartridge bag continues approximately 1 week in water, clarifying effect declines gradually, and cartridge bag blow-up is floated in the water surface, and inner medicament becomes solution substantially.The bag of changing dressings is clarified by rear continuation.Flocs unit forms a large amount of bulk mud in the dirty hole of appearance, and between slowly-releasing cartridge bag and drop dam, channel has a small amount of deposition.

When using iron(ic) chloride water colour slightly yellow, COD removal effect is better but reagent consumption is very fast, doubts and reacts aerogenesis excessive velocities into aluminium powder at slowly-releasing cartridge bag with ferric chloride Solution; Use bodied ferric sulfate test effect instead not good, finding has a large amount of brown ceramic powders to stop up the fiber aperture of slowly-releasing bag (general cotton bag) in slowly-releasing cartridge bag, should be bodied ferric sulfate hydrolysate; While using aluminum chloride, effect is similar with use Tai-Ace S 150, but dosing is about 2/3 of use Tai-Ace S 150; Use ferric sulfate treatment effect and use iron(ic) chloride similar, but 1.5 times of left and right that consumption is iron(ic) chloride.So judgement should be with substantially loading slowly-releasing cartridge bag without slag and the slower slowly-releasing flocculation agent of hydrolysis after dissolving.

In slowly-releasing cartridge bag, if do not added foaming agent, find to cover thickness mud on cartridge bag after 1 hour, cartridge bag cannot effectively be worked.Added at most that drug-eluting is too fast causes waste.Can certainly in inorganic flocculating agent cartridge bag, add the iron powder material of getting angry; If in addition in cationic polyacrylamide slowly-releasing cartridge bag with magnesium base composite material (as magnesium carbon composite powder or magnesium iron composite powder end etc.) as the medicine of getting angry; raising rate improve.

Change cartridge bag hang immersion in mode for directly lose cartridge bag intake in, find that water body flocculation is still effective, if but in cartridge bag, do not add weight, and after the interior more than half stripping of medicine of cartridge bag, cartridge bag can float and waft, and the material of simultaneously getting angry in cartridge bag should suitably increase can avoid mud to cover cartridge bag.

Take interceptor rear section flocs unit away and do not sink, overflow drop dam.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment is that Quanzhouwan enters the small-sized tidal Zhi Yong in Jinjiang.Tidal front and back water surface elevation differs approximately 1 meter of left and right.Apparent bad 5 classes of water quality at ebb tide, muddy black smelly, approximately 0.1 cube of meter per second of flow, is difficult to measuring flow at the incoming tide, the apparent 4-5 class of water quality.Become 2 drop dams, road with sandbag barrage, 10 meters of dam spacing, dig one dark approximately 1 meter, run through the dirty hole of appearance of full river bed cross section, high approximately 0.5 meter and 0.3 meter of the water surface compared with before barrage not.Arriving drop take current has formed larger flocs unit before dam and has determined the distance of satchel apart from the dam that drops as benchmark, be water body run into slowly-releasing flocculation agent to flow to drop dam time be controlled at 0.5-5 minute, the present embodiment is lost into multiple cartridge bags with rope apart from drop both sides, 20 meters of front streams of group, dam along river working direction, cartridge bag profile and packing material are with embodiment 1., but fill out heavily (that is to say that cartridge bag the inside has filled a stone more and gained in weight, not so after medicament dissolution major part, that sack will float).Control cartridge bag quantity and make slowly-releasing iron(ic) chloride dissolution rate be about the 0.03-0.04% of run-off, slowly-releasing cationic PAM dissolution rate is about 0.002% of run-off.After drop dam group, the cartridge bag (only hang slowly-releasing iron(ic) chloride and do not carry additionally slowly-releasing cationic polyacrylamide) of same specification is suspended on the water surface and (approaches but do not enter water body), tilts forward and back and hangs up flow-disturbing pressure flocs unit in water with commercially available Glass Steel Tile.

Slowly-releasing flocculation medicament is iron(ic) chloride, and foaming agent is calcium peroxide or Magnesium peroxide, the two amount ratio 10: 1.Calcium peroxide or Magnesium peroxide are similarly slowly-releasing packing (slowly-releasing packing, just referring to that they are also contained in the beanbag of local gluing reinstalls in slowly-releasing flocculation agent cloth bag, not so the speed of response of calcium peroxide and iron(ic) chloride is quite fast, beanbag glue is coated with to such an extent that area is larger, the speed that ferric chloride Solution infiltrates is just less, with controlling like this venting speed, this technology is equally also used in the release rate of controlling slowly-releasing flocculation medicament) multiple little slowly-releasings packings pack in large slowly-releasing cartridge bag together with iron(ic) chloride.The general flour bag of slow releasing medicinal bag materials'use is tailored, and (cotton system can absorb water.The sack that can not absorb water facts have proved and can not use) growth strip, 20 centimetres of diameters, the loose encircling sack that packs into after the simple mixing of slowly-releasing flocculation agent and foaming agent.Experimental results show that slowly-releasing cartridge bag size shape can arbitrarily change.Slowly-releasing cartridge bag reaches slowly-releasing object by the size and number in aperture on cloth bag, also can reach better slowly-releasing object to cloth bag local gluing again.

Batch process in 5 days, every day, choosing ebb and duration of tide were hung medicine, hung approximately 30 minutes medicine time.Hang medicine stage observed result: find that at ebb tide a large amount of throw outs appear in river, basic clear water is overflowed and entered Jinjiang by drop dam group; Finding at the incoming tide to flow backwards in Jinjiang obviously becomes limpid into the water of Zhi Yong, and tidewater burnt hair is black originally.After 5 days, stopping experiment,, there is a large amount of mud in the middle of drop dam group in discovery drop group upstream, dam one side, and a side mud of flood tide refluence water inlet is piled up not obvious, doubts as being taken away by tidewater.The technique of the present embodiment can obviously be increased water quality, and has reduced very significantly river and has gushed treatment cost.

Get Quanzhouwan seawater and carry out flocculating experiment discovery, reach fresh water same effect, aluminium salt molysite is all available, but cationic polyacrylamide consumption obviously increases, therefore only use iron(ic) chloride slowly-releasing cartridge bag in the test that the present embodiment gushes in flood tide inwelling river.

When improving the detergent power in riverbed after the structure treatment of hole, dam, need to be to water oxygenation, dissolved oxygen is adjusted to 4mg/l when above, conventionally just need to before the dirty hole of appearance, also hang and be soaked with hydrogen peroxide slowly-releasing cartridge bag or calcium peroxide, make bed mud anaerobic bacteria flora eliminate stink for the oxygen flora of holding concurrently falls to substituting gradually.And when gush in the very anxious river of current, gush in the river of analogy the present embodiment, Dissolved Oxygen in Water is generally enough, so can not hang.

Claims (9)

1. path flows the improvement technique that gush in heavily contaminated river, it is characterized in that: gush middle barrage in conventional river drop dam is set, before drop dam, dig and hold dirty hole, and the dirty hole of appearance is connected with drop dam; Soak slowly-releasing cartridge bag to have formed larger flocs unit certain distance extension before the dirty hole of the definite appearance of benchmark before current arrive drop dam, and hang and soak a little and hold dirt and interceptor is installed is made current generation disturbance between cheating at slowly-releasing cartridge bag, to improve flocculation efficiency, thereby make pollutent colloid in water body, dissolved phosphorus or solid state pollutent are flocculated before arrival drop dam, flocs unit is subject to dropping and sinks to and hold dirty hole so that targeted elimination after dam stops, after upper strata flocculation, more clear water overflow is crossed drop dam and is moved ahead, and the current that the move ahead dam that makes to drop provides water oxygenation function simultaneously.

2. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 1 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: the dirty hole of described drop dam and appearance adopts 2 groups of settings of connecting above.

3. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 1 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: the satchel quantity regulating of described slowly-releasing cartridge bag so that the 0.001-0.1% that slowly-releasing flocculation agent dissolution rate is run-off be as the criterion.

4. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 3 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: the satchel quantity regulating of described slowly-releasing cartridge bag so that slowly-releasing flocculation agent dissolution rate be run-off and 0.002-0.03% be as the criterion.

5. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 3 heavily contaminated river, it is characterized in that: described slowly-releasing cartridge bag contains slowly-releasing flocculation agent and the material of getting angry, and cartridge bag sack adopts hydrophilic porous cloth to make, and reaches slowly-releasing object by the size and number in aperture on cloth bag; Slowly-releasing flocculation agent adopts one or more in inorganic flocculating agent and organic floculant; Wherein inorganic flocculating agent adopts molysite, aluminium salt; Organic floculant adopts polyacrylamide; Wherein the get angry amount ratio of material and inorganic flocculating agent, by weight, the material of getting angry: inorganic flocculating agent=1:10-1:1000; The get angry amount ratio of material and organic floculant, by weight, the material of getting angry: organic floculant=1:20---1:500.

6. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 5 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: described molysite adopts iron(ic) chloride, the one in ferric sulfate or mixture, and described aluminium salt adopts Tai-Ace S 150, the one in aluminum chloride or mixture; The described material of getting angry adopts aluminium, iron, and the one in magnesium and magnesium base composite material, or adopt the one in calcium peroxide and Magnesium peroxide.

7. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 6 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: described magnesium base composite material is the one in magnesium carbon composite powder or magnesium iron composite powder end; It is the material of getting angry that organic slow-release cartridge bag is selected magnesium powder or magnesium base composite material.

8. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 1 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: described refer to that water body runs into slowly-releasing flocculation agent to the time that flow to drop dam and is controlled at 0.5-5 minute to have formed larger flocs unit before current arrive drop dam as benchmark.

9. the improvement technique that gush in a kind of path stream as claimed in claim 1 heavily contaminated river, is characterized in that: on described drop dam, conventionally install level or tilted-putted fine fack or grid additional, to increase drop oxygenation effect, further increase water quality; In the time that effluent quality is poor, hang that to soak hydrogen peroxide or calcium peroxide be that water body supplements oxygenation, make bed mud anaerobic bacteria flora eliminate stink for the oxygen flora of holding concurrently falls to substituting gradually; Or at drop dam dam crest, dam side adds kind of each kind of plant, doublely play the effect of blocking dirty band and biological wetland.