CN102241434A - Intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis treatment device and method - Google Patents
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- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000629264 Halicreas minimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种间歇膨胀复合水解处理装置及其方法。它包括脉冲布水装置、集水装置、出水管路、竖管配水系统、污泥层区、泥水分离区和生物填料区；装置本体从上到下依次设有脉冲布水装置、集水装置、生物填料区、泥水分离区、污泥层区，集水装置上设有出水管路，在污泥层区内设有竖管配水系统。污水首先进入脉冲布水装置，通过反应器底部的配水系统在内瞬间布入装置底部，污水与底部污泥剧烈混合，并使污泥层发生膨胀，布水结束后污泥层收缩至原始位置，从而完成一个“膨胀-收缩-膨胀”的循环，污水经污泥层及填料区后经集水装置至出水管路流出。本发明装置水解效率高，简单低耗，可用于难降解工业废水及综合城镇污水的前处理。
The invention discloses an intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis treatment device and a method thereof. It includes pulse water distribution device, water collection device, water outlet pipeline, standpipe water distribution system, sludge layer area, mud-water separation area and biological filler area; the device body is equipped with pulse water distribution device and water collection device in sequence from top to bottom , Biological filler area, mud-water separation area, sludge layer area, the water collection device is equipped with an outlet pipeline, and a vertical pipe water distribution system is installed in the sludge layer area. The sewage first enters the pulse water distribution device, and is instantly distributed into the bottom of the device through the water distribution system at the bottom of the reactor. The sewage and the bottom sludge are violently mixed, and the sludge layer expands. After the water distribution is completed, the sludge layer shrinks to the original position. , so as to complete a cycle of "expansion-contraction-expansion", the sewage flows out through the sludge layer and the filling area through the water collecting device to the outlet pipe. The device of the invention has high hydrolysis efficiency, is simple and low in consumption, and can be used for pretreatment of refractory industrial wastewater and comprehensive urban sewage.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于污水处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种污水水解酸化处理装置及其方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a sewage hydrolysis acidification treatment device and a method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
厌氧水解工艺利用异养型兼性细菌将废水中难降解的大分子有机物转化为易降解的小分子有机物，将复杂的有机物转变成简单的有机物，将不溶性的有机物转化为溶解性的有机物，形成有机酸、醇类、醛类等，提高废水的可生化性，为后续的处理工艺创造有利条件。同时将好氧工艺产生的剩余污泥可回流至厌氧水解池进行消化，削减生化污泥量，并为反硝化提供碳源，从而降低污水处理成本。 The anaerobic hydrolysis process uses heterotrophic facultative bacteria to convert refractory macromolecular organic matter in wastewater into easily degradable small molecular organic matter, transform complex organic matter into simple organic matter, and convert insoluble organic matter into soluble organic matter. Form organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, etc., improve the biodegradability of wastewater, and create favorable conditions for subsequent treatment processes. At the same time, the excess sludge produced by the aerobic process can be returned to the anaerobic hydrolysis tank for digestion, reducing the amount of biochemical sludge, and providing a carbon source for denitrification, thereby reducing the cost of sewage treatment.
根据已有的工程实践，厌氧水解酸化效果取决于以几点： According to the existing engineering practice, the effect of anaerobic hydrolysis acidification depends on the following points:
①污泥浓度及活性； ① Sludge concentration and activity;
②良好的泥水混合； ② Good mixing of mud and water;
③足够的水力停留时间与合适的污泥留存方式； ③ Sufficient hydraulic retention time and appropriate sludge retention methods;
为满足上述要求，升流厌氧污泥床（UASB）、厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床（EGSB）、IC反应器等以厌氧颗粒污泥为基础的反应器应运而生，UASB反应器上升流速< 3 m/h，以产气负荷作为其泥水混合的动力，SS去除率较高，适用于生化性较好的高浓度废水；EGSB反应器采用出水回流提高其上升流速，泥水混合充分，适用于中低浓度废水处理，但增加了电耗，且SS去除率较低；IC反应器同样采用气体负荷作为其泥水混合动力，仅适用于中高浓度有机废水。此外，上述反应器均以厌氧颗粒污泥为基础，需要复杂的三项分离装置，而颗粒污泥营养供给要求比较苛刻，耐水力、水质负荷冲击能力差，稍有不慎，就会导致厌氧颗粒污泥破碎流失，引起系统处理效能变差乃至崩溃。据对我国厌氧反应器实际运行状况的调研，大部分初期以颗粒污泥接种的反应器在运行一段时间后，由于冲击等原因颗粒污泥大部分破碎，系统内污泥以絮状为主，运行效率与设计值相差甚远。因此，限制了上述厌氧反应器在难降解工业废水中的应用。 In order to meet the above requirements, reactors based on anaerobic granular sludge, such as upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB), anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB), and IC reactor, came into being. The flow rate is < 3 m/h, and the gas production load is used as the driving force for mud-water mixing. The SS removal rate is high, and it is suitable for high-concentration wastewater with good biochemical properties; It is suitable for medium and low concentration wastewater treatment, but it increases power consumption and has a low SS removal rate; IC reactor also uses gas load as its mud-water hybrid power, which is only suitable for medium and high concentration organic wastewater. In addition, the above-mentioned reactors are all based on anaerobic granular sludge and require a complex three-item separation device, while granular sludge has relatively strict nutrient supply requirements, poor resistance to hydraulic and water quality load shocks, and a little carelessness will lead to The anaerobic granular sludge is broken and lost, causing the system to deteriorate or even collapse. According to the survey on the actual operation status of anaerobic reactors in my country, most of the reactors inoculated with granular sludge at the initial stage run for a period of time, due to impact and other reasons, most of the granular sludge is broken, and the sludge in the system is mainly flocculent. , the operating efficiency is far from the design value. Therefore, the application of the above-mentioned anaerobic reactor in refractory industrial wastewater is limited.
CN101003404A公开了一种升流式复合厌氧水解酸化处理装置及其方法。这是一种将活性污泥法和生物膜法相结合的水解酸化装置，在反应器上部设置填料区，防止污泥流失，同时提高上部污泥浓度，省略了三项分离装置，同时设置回流提高进水的流速，使反应器可用于中低浓度废水的处理。 CN101003404A discloses an upflow compound anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment device and its method. This is a hydrolysis and acidification device that combines activated sludge method and biofilm method. A packing area is set on the upper part of the reactor to prevent sludge loss, and at the same time increase the concentration of the upper sludge. The flow rate of the incoming water makes the reactor suitable for the treatment of medium and low concentration wastewater.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服现有水解厌氧反应装置应用范围窄（多用于中高浓度废水）、构造复杂、易堵塞、动力消耗高、对颗粒污泥过于依赖等问题，提供一种污水水解酸化处理装置及其方法。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sewage hydrolysis acidification method to overcome the problems of narrow application range of existing hydrolysis anaerobic reaction devices (mostly used for medium and high concentration wastewater), complex structure, easy blockage, high power consumption, and excessive dependence on granular sludge. Processing device and method thereof.
间歇膨胀复合水解处理装置包括脉冲布水装置、集水装置、出水管路、竖管配水系统、污泥层区、泥水分离区和生物填料区；装置本体从上到下依次设有脉冲布水装置、集水装置、生物填料区、泥水分离区、污泥层区，集水装置上设有出水管路，在污泥层区内设有竖管配水系统。 The intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis treatment device includes a pulse water distribution device, a water collection device, a water outlet pipeline, a vertical pipe water distribution system, a sludge layer area, a mud-water separation area and a biological filler area; the device body is equipped with pulse water distribution devices in sequence from top to bottom. device, water collection device, biological filler area, mud-water separation area, and sludge layer area. The water collection device is equipped with an outlet pipeline, and a vertical pipe water distribution system is installed in the sludge layer area.
所述的脉冲布水装置为虹吸脉冲可调装置，脉冲周期为1-20 min，布水时间10-60 s。所述的配水系统由配水干管、配水支管、配水竖管组成，其中每根配水竖管长度为2-6 m，配水竖管的服务面积为1-4 m2，配水竖管下端与装置本体底部的距离为20-50 cm，配水竖管管口出水流速为2-10 m/s。所述的污泥区高度为3-10 m，污泥浓度为10-30 g/L。所述的生物填料区的高度为1.5-4 m。 The pulse water distribution device is an adjustable siphon pulse device, the pulse period is 1-20 min, and the water distribution time is 10-60 s. The water distribution system is composed of water distribution main pipes, water distribution branch pipes and water distribution vertical pipes, wherein the length of each water distribution vertical pipe is 2-6 m, the service area of the water distribution vertical pipe is 1-4 m 2 , the lower end of the water distribution vertical pipe and the device The distance from the bottom of the main body is 20-50 cm, and the flow rate of the outlet of the water distribution standpipe is 2-10 m/s. The height of the sludge zone is 3-10 m, and the sludge concentration is 10-30 g/L. The height of the biological filler area is 1.5-4 m.
间歇膨胀复合水解处理方法是：其特征在于污水首先进入脉冲布水装置，污水在脉冲布水装置的停留时间为1-20 min，通过反应器底部的配水系统在10-60 s内瞬间布入装置底部，布水过程污水瞬间上升流速为0-12 m/h，污水与装置底部污泥层剧烈混合，并使污泥层发生膨胀，在膨胀过程中，污水中有机物与装置中的微生物充分接触，从而提高传质效率，进而提高溶解性有机物的去除效果，脉冲布水装置布水结束后污泥层在重力作用下进行收缩，在吸附与网捕作用下截留进水中的悬浮性有机物，污泥层回落至原始位置，则完成一个“膨胀-收缩-膨胀”的循环，污水通过污泥层去除大部分的有机物和悬浮物后经填料区进行气、液、固三项分离，并去除部分残余的有机物后经集水装置收集至出水管路流出，污水停留时间为 4-50 h，脉冲布水器每次布水水量应大于使污泥层发生膨胀时所需的最小水量。 The intermittent expansion compound hydrolysis treatment method is: the characteristic is that the sewage first enters the pulse water distribution device, the residence time of the sewage in the pulse water distribution device is 1-20 min, and the water distribution system at the bottom of the reactor is instantly distributed within 10-60 s. At the bottom of the device, the instantaneous rising flow rate of the sewage during the water distribution process is 0-12 m/h. The sewage and the sludge layer at the bottom of the device are violently mixed, and the sludge layer is expanded. During the expansion process, the organic matter in the sewage and the microorganisms in the device are fully Contact, so as to improve the mass transfer efficiency, and then improve the removal effect of dissolved organic matter. After the water distribution of the pulse water distribution device, the sludge layer shrinks under the action of gravity, and the suspended organic matter in the influent is intercepted under the action of adsorption and net capture. , the sludge layer falls back to the original position, and a cycle of "expansion-shrinkage-expansion" is completed. The sewage passes through the sludge layer to remove most of the organic matter and suspended matter, and then passes through the packing area for gas, liquid and solid separation. After removing part of the residual organic matter, it is collected by the water collecting device until it flows out of the outlet pipe. The residence time of the sewage is 4-50 hours.
本发明可提高水解厌氧装置的溶解性及非溶解行有机物及SS的处理效果、降低运行费用，同时减少对厌氧颗粒污泥的依赖，可广泛应用于中低浓度工业废水的处理及综合城镇污水的处理。 The invention can improve the solubility of the hydrolysis anaerobic device and the treatment effect of non-dissolved organic matter and SS, reduce operating costs, and reduce the dependence on anaerobic granular sludge, and can be widely used in the treatment and comprehensive treatment of medium and low concentration industrial wastewater Treatment of urban sewage.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是间歇膨胀复合水解处理装置的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis treatment device;
图中，脉冲布水装置1、集水装置2、出水管路3、竖管配水系统4、污泥层区5、泥水分离区6、生物填料区7。 In the figure, pulse water distribution device 1, water collection device 2, water outlet pipeline 3, standpipe water distribution system 4, sludge layer area 5, mud-water separation area 6, and biological filler area 7.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
结合附图及实施例详细说明本发明 The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments
如图1所示，间歇膨胀复合水解处理装置包括脉冲布水装置1、集水装置2、出水管路3、竖管配水系统4、污泥层区5、泥水分离区6和生物填料区7；装置本体从上到下依次设有脉冲布水装置1、集水装置2、生物填料区7、泥水分离区6、污泥层区5，集水装置2上设有出水管路3，在污泥层区5内设有竖管配水系统4。 As shown in Figure 1, the intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis treatment device includes a pulse water distribution device 1, a water collection device 2, an outlet pipeline 3, a standpipe water distribution system 4, a sludge layer area 5, a mud-water separation area 6, and a biological filler area 7 ;The device body is sequentially provided with a pulse water distribution device 1, a water collection device 2, a biological filler area 7, a mud-water separation area 6, and a sludge layer area 5 from top to bottom. The water collection device 2 is provided with an outlet pipeline 3. A vertical pipe water distribution system 4 is provided in the sludge layer area 5 .
所述的脉冲布水装置1为虹吸脉冲可调装置，脉冲周期为1-20 min，布水时间10-60 s。所述的配水系统4由配水干管、配水支管、配水竖管组成，其中每根配水竖管长度为2-6 m，配水竖管的服务面积为1-4 m2，配水竖管下端与装置本体底部的距离为20-50 cm，配水竖管管口出水流速为2-10 m/s。所述的污泥区5高度为3-10 m，污泥浓度为10-30 g/L。所述的生物填料区7的高度为1.5-4 m。 The pulse water distribution device 1 is an adjustable siphon pulse device, the pulse period is 1-20 min, and the water distribution time is 10-60 s. The water distribution system 4 is composed of a water distribution main pipe, a water distribution branch pipe, and a water distribution vertical pipe, wherein the length of each water distribution vertical pipe is 2-6 m, and the service area of the water distribution vertical pipe is 1-4 m 2 . The distance from the bottom of the device body is 20-50 cm, and the flow rate of the outlet of the water distribution standpipe is 2-10 m/s. The height of the sludge zone 5 is 3-10 m, and the sludge concentration is 10-30 g/L. The height of the biological filler area 7 is 1.5-4 m.
间歇膨胀复合水解处理方法是：其特征在于污水首先进入脉冲布水装置1，污水在脉冲布水装置的停留时间为1-20 min，通过反应器底部的配水系统4在10-60 s内瞬间布入装置底部，布水过程污水瞬间上升流速为0-12 m/h，污水与装置底部污泥层剧烈混合，并使污泥层发生膨胀，在膨胀过程中，污水中有机物与装置中的微生物充分接触，从而提高传质效率，进而提高溶解性有机物的去除效果，脉冲布水装置1布水结束后污泥层在重力作用下进行收缩，在吸附与网捕作用下截留进水中的悬浮性有机物，污泥层回落至原始位置，则完成一个“膨胀-收缩-膨胀”的循环，污水通过污泥层去除大部分的有机物和悬浮物后经填料区进行气、液、固三项分离，并去除部分残余的有机物后经集水装置2收集至出水管路3流出，污水停留时间为 4-50 h，脉冲布水器每次布水水量应大于使污泥层发生膨胀时所需的最小水量。 The intermittent expansion compound hydrolysis treatment method is as follows: it is characterized in that the sewage first enters the pulse water distribution device 1, the residence time of the sewage in the pulse water distribution device is 1-20 min, and the sewage passes through the water distribution system 4 at the bottom of the reactor within 10-60 s. Distributed into the bottom of the device, the instantaneous rising flow rate of the sewage during the water distribution process is 0-12 m/h, the sewage and the sludge layer at the bottom of the device are violently mixed, and the sludge layer expands. During the expansion process, the organic matter in the sewage and the sludge in the device The microorganisms are fully contacted, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency, and then improving the removal effect of dissolved organic matter. After the water distribution of the pulse water distribution device 1, the sludge layer shrinks under the action of gravity, and intercepts the influent water under the action of adsorption and net capture. Suspended organic matter, the sludge layer falls back to the original position, and a cycle of "expansion-shrinkage-expansion" is completed. The sewage passes through the sludge layer to remove most of the organic matter and suspended matter, and then passes through the packing area for gas, liquid and solid three items. Separation and removal of part of the residual organic matter is collected by the water collection device 2 to the outlet pipe 3 to flow out. The residence time of the sewage is 4-50 h. minimum amount of water required.
实施例1Example 1
以综合城镇污水为处理对象，其中印染、化工等工业废水占总进水量的90%以上，反应装置直径1.9 m，有效高度6.5 m，有效容积16.5 m3，布水周期为5 min，布水时间20 s，装置如图1所示。 Taking comprehensive urban sewage as the treatment object, among which industrial wastewater such as printing and dyeing and chemical industry accounts for more than 90% of the total water inflow, the diameter of the reaction device is 1.9 m, the effective height is 6.5 m, the effective volume is 16.5 m3, the water distribution cycle is 5 minutes, and the water distribution time 20 s, the device is shown in Figure 1.
竖管配水系统，其竖管长度3 m，管口流速大于2.5 m/s。 Standpipe water distribution system, the length of the standpipe is 3 m, and the flow velocity at the nozzle is greater than 2.5 m/s.
污泥区高度4 m，絮状污泥接种，污泥浓度12 g/L，填料区高度1.5 m。 The height of the sludge area is 4 m, the flocculent sludge is inoculated, the sludge concentration is 12 g/L, and the height of the filling area is 1.5 m.
污水HRT 16 h，污水瞬间上升流速6 m/h。 The sewage HRT is 16 hours, and the instantaneous rising flow rate of sewage is 6 m/h.
在进水COD 900-1300 mg/L，SS 500-800 mg/L条件下，在1-4 m范围内污泥浓度与反应器高度呈线性关系；COD去除率20%左右；B/C值由0.33提高到0.42左右，SS去除率65-80%。试验结果表明：采用间歇膨胀复合水解厌氧反应器处理综合城镇污水，在去除部分有机污染物并改善污水可生化性的同时可有效去除废水中的SS含量，因此，可广泛应用于综合城镇污水的治理。 Under the condition of influent COD 900-1300 mg/L and SS 500-800 mg/L, the sludge concentration has a linear relationship with the reactor height in the range of 1-4 m; COD removal rate is about 20%; B/C value From 0.33 to about 0.42, the SS removal rate is 65-80%. The test results show that the use of intermittent expansion composite hydrolysis anaerobic reactor to treat comprehensive urban sewage can effectively remove the SS content in wastewater while removing some organic pollutants and improving the biodegradability of sewage. Therefore, it can be widely used in comprehensive urban sewage governance.
实施例2Example 2
处理生物制药废水，反应装置8×8 m，有效高度9 m，布水周期为6 min，布水时间15 s，装置如图1所示。 To treat biopharmaceutical wastewater, the reaction device is 8×8 m, the effective height is 9 m, the water distribution cycle is 6 min, and the water distribution time is 15 s. The device is shown in Figure 1.
竖管配水系统，其竖管长度4 m，管口流速2 m/s。 Standpipe water distribution system, the length of the standpipe is 4 m, and the flow velocity at the nozzle is 2 m/s.
污泥区高度5 m,絮状污泥接种，污泥浓度10 g/L，填料区高度3 m。 The height of the sludge area is 5 m, the flocculent sludge is inoculated, the sludge concentration is 10 g/L, and the height of the filling area is 3 m.
污水瞬间上升流速8.9 m/h。 The instantaneous rising velocity of sewage is 8.9 m/h.
进水COD 7000-15000 mg/L，SS 600-1000 mg/L，pH5-7，在常温条件下，装置出水COD去除率70-90%，SS去除率大于60%，pH7-8。运行结果表明：采用间歇膨胀复合水解厌氧反应器处高浓度制药污水，结构简单、处理效果好、运行费用低、管理方便，因此，可广泛应用于高浓度有机工业废水的处理。 Influent COD 7000-15000 mg/L, SS 600-1000 mg/L, pH 5-7. Under normal temperature conditions, the device effluent COD removal rate is 70-90%, SS removal rate is greater than 60%, pH 7-8. The operation results show that the intermittent expansion compound hydrolysis anaerobic reactor is used to treat high-concentration pharmaceutical wastewater, which has simple structure, good treatment effect, low operating cost and convenient management. Therefore, it can be widely used in the treatment of high-concentration organic industrial wastewater.
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Application publication date: 20111116 |