CN102219346B - System for drying and treating sludge by utilizing afterheat to generate high-temperature circulating air - Google Patents
System for drying and treating sludge by utilizing afterheat to generate high-temperature circulating air Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种利用余热产生高温循环空气的污泥烘干及处理系统，包括内部设有污泥螺旋输送芯轴的污泥烘干机，所述污泥烘干机的一侧设有热循环空气出口和位于上端的污泥进料口，其另一侧设有污泥出料口和热循环空气进口，所述污泥烘干机的烘干废气出口设置在靠近污泥进料口一侧上方，其特征在于：从污泥出料口排出的烘干污泥经输送带和提升机送往热分解炉上方的进料口，所述热分解炉的烟气排气口与用于分解烟气中二噁英的二燃室相连通，所述二燃室的高温烟气排气口经高温管道与热交换器相连接，经冷却后烟气通往喷粉装置和布袋除尘器处理，最后经烟囱排入大气中。该系统能够利用焚烧污泥过程所产生的高温烟气加热空气来间接烘干污泥，热空气循环使用，经济实用、节能环保。
The invention relates to a sludge drying and treatment system which utilizes waste heat to generate high-temperature circulating air. The circulating air outlet and the sludge inlet at the upper end are provided with a sludge outlet and a thermal circulation air inlet on the other side, and the drying waste gas outlet of the sludge dryer is set near the sludge inlet Above one side, it is characterized in that: the dried sludge discharged from the sludge discharge port is sent to the feed port above the thermal decomposition furnace through the conveyor belt and the elevator, and the flue gas exhaust port of the thermal decomposition furnace is connected with the exhaust port of the thermal decomposition furnace. It is connected with the secondary combustion chamber that decomposes dioxins in the flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the heat exchanger through a high-temperature pipe. After cooling, the flue gas leads to the powder spraying device and bag dust removal. processed, and finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. The system can use the high-temperature flue gas generated in the sludge incineration process to heat the air to indirectly dry the sludge, and the hot air is recycled, which is economical, practical, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及污泥焚烧处理技术，特别是一种利用污泥焚烧产生的余热进行污泥烘干的烘干系统及烘干及处理系统。 The invention relates to a sludge incineration treatment technology, in particular to a drying system and a drying and treatment system for drying sludge by using waste heat generated by sludge incineration.
背景技术 Background technique
对污泥的处理通常有两种方式：一种是掩埋法，另一种是焚烧法，掩埋法虽然不需要庞大的设备成本，但却需要有广阔的掩埋场地，在人口不断增加土地日益减少的今天，土地是宝贵的，是人类赖以生存的条件，并且掩埋容易污染地下水源，造成严重的二次污染的环保问题。而污泥焚烧处理将污泥燃烧成灰渣，减少了废弃物量，且避免了污染水源，因此污泥焚烧处理具有减量化明显、周期短、无害化等优点，加之所需的场地面积远小于掩埋式垃圾场的面积，所以高温焚烧方式已逐渐成为污泥处理的主要选择。 There are usually two ways to deal with sludge: one is burial, and the other is incineration. Although the burial does not require huge equipment costs, it requires a vast burial site. As the population continues to increase, the land is decreasing day by day. Today, land is precious and is the condition for human survival, and burying it is easy to pollute the groundwater source, causing serious environmental protection problems of secondary pollution. The sludge incineration treatment burns the sludge into ash, which reduces the amount of waste and avoids polluting water sources. Therefore, the sludge incineration treatment has the advantages of obvious reduction, short cycle, and harmlessness. In addition, the required site area Far smaller than the landfill area, high-temperature incineration has gradually become the main choice for sludge treatment.
然而，由于污泥的含水率高（80％），热值低，直接焚烧需添加大量的辅助燃料，导致其焚烧的运作成本过高，耗费的能源过大，不仅严重影响其污泥处理的经济效益，而且无节能减碳的环保效益。 However, due to the high water content (80%) and low calorific value of sludge, direct incineration needs to add a large amount of auxiliary fuel, resulting in high operating costs and excessive energy consumption, which not only seriously affects the efficiency of its sludge treatment Economic benefits, and no environmental benefits of energy saving and carbon reduction.
污泥在烘干的过程中会产生臭气、氯气等有害气体，所以必须对产生的废气进行无害化处理，若用蒸汽或烟气直接烘干污泥，废气中带有大量水蒸气对废气无害化处理增加了不小的难度，气量的增加也提高了尾气处理设备的投入。 Sludge will produce odor, chlorine and other harmful gases during the drying process, so the generated waste gas must be treated in a harmless manner. If steam or flue gas is used to dry sludge directly, the waste gas contains a large amount of water vapor to The harmless treatment of exhaust gas has increased a lot of difficulty, and the increase in gas volume has also increased the investment in exhaust gas treatment equipment.
若用高温油、水蒸汽作为烘干污泥的加热介质对烘干设备的制造精度、密封精度、材料提出了较高的要求，导致制造成本增加。 If high-temperature oil and water vapor are used as the heating medium for drying sludge, higher requirements are put forward for the manufacturing precision, sealing precision and materials of the drying equipment, resulting in an increase in manufacturing costs.
本发明提出一种利用焚烧污泥过程所产生的高温烟气通过高效热交换器产生高温空气，用高温空气来间接烘干污泥的方法，该方法经济实用、节能环保，是一种新颖有潜力的方法。 The invention proposes a method of using the high-temperature flue gas produced in the sludge incineration process to generate high-temperature air through a high-efficiency heat exchanger, and using the high-temperature air to indirectly dry the sludge. The method is economical, practical, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and is a novel and effective method. potential method.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
鉴于上述存在的问题，本发明介绍了一种利用余热产生高温循环空气的污泥烘干及处理系统，该系统不仅能够有效处理生活污水处理厂的污泥，而且能够利用污泥焚烧炉所排出的废气（烟气）通过热交换器产生高温空气，用高温空气间接烘干污泥；高温空气在封闭的气道里循环，烘干污泥后降温的空气又回到热交换器经过热交换后反复使用，经济实用、节能环保。 In view of the above problems, the present invention introduces a sludge drying and treatment system that uses waste heat to generate high-temperature circulating air. This system can not only effectively treat the sludge in domestic sewage treatment plants, but also use the The exhaust gas (flue gas) passes through the heat exchanger to generate high-temperature air, and the high-temperature air is used to indirectly dry the sludge; the high-temperature air circulates in the closed air passage, and the cooled air returns to the heat exchanger after heat exchange after drying the sludge. Repeated use, economical and practical, energy saving and environmental protection.
本发明的技术方案在于：一种利用余热产生高温循环空气的污泥烘干及处理系统，包括内部设有污泥螺旋输送芯轴的污泥烘干机，所述污泥烘干机的一侧设有热循环空气出口和位于上端的污泥进料口，其另一侧设有污泥出料口和热循环空气进口，所述污泥烘干机的烘干废气出口设置在靠近污泥进料口一侧上方，其特征在于：从污泥出料口排出的烘干污泥经输送带和提升机送往热分解炉上方的进料口，所述热分解炉的烟气排气口与用于分解烟气中二噁英的二燃室相连通，所述二燃室的高温烟气排气口经高温管道与热交换器相连接，经冷却后烟气通往喷粉装置和布袋除尘器处理，最后经烟囱排入大气中。 The technical solution of the present invention is: a sludge drying and treatment system that uses waste heat to generate high-temperature circulating air, including a sludge dryer with a sludge screw conveying mandrel inside, one of the sludge dryers One side is provided with a thermal circulation air outlet and a sludge inlet at the upper end, and the other side is provided with a sludge outlet and a thermal circulation air inlet. The drying waste gas outlet of the sludge dryer is set near the sewage Above the side of the mud feed port, it is characterized in that: the dried sludge discharged from the sludge discharge port is sent to the feed port above the thermal decomposition furnace through the conveyor belt and the elevator, and the flue gas of the thermal decomposition furnace is exhausted The gas port is connected to the secondary combustion chamber used to decompose dioxin in the flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the heat exchanger through a high-temperature pipeline. After cooling, the flue gas leads to the powder spraying chamber. device and bag filter, and finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.
上述热交换器由高温热交换器和低温热交换器串联构成，所述污泥烘干机的热循环空气出口经循环风机抽送至低温热交换器及高温热交换器与高温烟气进行热交换，所述高温热交换器的热循环空气出口经高温循环管道与污泥烘干机的热循环空气进口相连接。 The above-mentioned heat exchanger is composed of a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger connected in series. The hot circulating air outlet of the sludge dryer is pumped to the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas through the circulating fan. , the hot circulating air outlet of the high temperature heat exchanger is connected with the hot circulating air inlet of the sludge dryer through the high temperature circulating pipe.
上述污泥烘干机的热循环空气出口与循环风机之间的连接管路上安装有与大气相通的循环热风补气阀，所述高温循环管道上安装有用于辅助加热热风的电加热器。 A circulating hot air supply valve connected to the atmosphere is installed on the connecting pipeline between the hot circulating air outlet of the above sludge dryer and the circulating fan, and an electric heater for auxiliary heating of the hot air is installed on the high temperature circulating pipeline.
上述污泥烘干机的烘干废气出口经引风机和连接管路与冷凝器相连接，经冷凝后的气体由引风机和连接管路送往二燃室燃烧分解处理。 The drying exhaust gas outlet of the above sludge dryer is connected to the condenser through the induced fan and the connecting pipeline, and the condensed gas is sent to the second combustion chamber for combustion and decomposition treatment by the induced fan and the connecting pipeline.
本发明的优点： Advantages of the present invention:
1. 污泥热解燃烧前将污泥进行烘干处理，可以将污泥的含水量从80％降到45％，由于提高了污泥的热值，使污泥易于焚烧。污泥焚烧过程把水蒸发成水蒸气需大量的燃料，因此降低了污泥的含水量，污泥在燃烧时可节省燃料。减少了污泥焚烧产生的水蒸气，也使烟气的浓度不被过量稀释，易于烟气在二燃室的自燃，二燃室可以少加或不加燃料就能把烟气中的有害气体二噁英分解。污泥焚烧若产生大量的水蒸气，势必增加了烟气量，对烟气的后续处理增加了难度，势必提高设备投入成本。含有水蒸气的烟气在从烟囱排出时在烟囱口会产生雾霾现象。因此污泥焚烧前的烘干处理在污泥焚烧系统中是极其重要的一个环节，它对整个系统的节能减排、减少设备的投资起到很重要的作用。 1. Before sludge pyrolysis and combustion, the sludge is dried to reduce the water content of the sludge from 80% to 45%. Since the calorific value of the sludge is increased, the sludge is easy to incinerate. In the sludge incineration process, a large amount of fuel is required to evaporate water into water vapor, thus reducing the water content of the sludge and saving fuel when the sludge is burned. It reduces the water vapor produced by sludge incineration, and also prevents the concentration of flue gas from being excessively diluted, which is easy for the spontaneous combustion of flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber. The secondary combustion chamber can remove harmful gases in the flue gas with little or no fuel. Dioxins decompose. If sludge incineration produces a large amount of water vapor, it will inevitably increase the amount of flue gas, increase the difficulty of subsequent treatment of flue gas, and inevitably increase the cost of equipment investment. When the flue gas containing water vapor is discharged from the chimney, it will produce smog at the chimney mouth. Therefore, the drying treatment before sludge incineration is an extremely important link in the sludge incineration system, which plays a very important role in the energy saving and emission reduction of the whole system and the reduction of equipment investment.
2. 利用污泥焚烧产生的高温烟气经过高温热交换器、低温热交换器将空气加热到500℃，高温空气作为加热介质通过螺旋烘干机对污泥进行烘干处理，使污泥的含水量降到45％。由于采用间接方式加热，高温空气与污泥烘干产生的臭、废气分离，高温空气可以在一个密闭的气道里循环使用，减少热源的消耗。应用常压下的高温空气作为加热介质，比用水蒸汽，高温油等其它介质对烘干设备的密封、制造精度要求降低了许多。因为水蒸气是高温高压气体，高压气体对容器承压以及各容器的结合面密封要求更高。高压气体的容器要按照压力容器的标准来制造，高温油虽然不是高压，但高温油容器、输送管道若密封不当造成油的泄露会污染环境。因此使用水蒸气、高温油的设备制造精度都相应提高。而使用高温常压空气没有压力，且高温常压空气的泄露也不会对环境造成污染。所以其设备也相对简单，制造成本低。 2. The high-temperature flue gas produced by sludge incineration is used to heat the air to 500°C through a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger. The high-temperature air is used as a heating medium to dry the sludge through a screw dryer to make the sludge The moisture content is reduced to 45%. Due to the indirect heating, the high-temperature air is separated from the odor and waste gas produced by sludge drying, and the high-temperature air can be recycled in a closed air passage to reduce the consumption of heat sources. The use of high-temperature air under normal pressure as the heating medium is much lower than that of water vapor, high-temperature oil and other media for the sealing and manufacturing accuracy of the drying equipment. Because water vapor is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas has higher requirements on the pressure of the container and the sealing of the joint surfaces of each container. High-pressure gas containers should be manufactured according to the standards of pressure vessels. Although high-temperature oil is not high-pressure, if the high-temperature oil containers and pipelines are not properly sealed, oil leakage will pollute the environment. Therefore, the manufacturing accuracy of equipment using water vapor and high-temperature oil is correspondingly improved. However, the use of high-temperature and normal-pressure air has no pressure, and the leakage of high-temperature and normal-pressure air will not pollute the environment. Therefore, its equipment is relatively simple and its manufacturing cost is low.
3.通常废物焚烧系统都要设有烟气降温系统， 烟气降温系统的作用就是让高温烟气（二燃室出口温度可高达1100℃）降温到后续烟气处理设备可正常工作的温度范围。本发明利用高效热交换器代替烟气降温系统即达到降温烟气又为污泥烘干提供了热源。通常的烘干机都要独立提供热源，本系统是充分利用污泥焚烧炉产生的废气（高温烟气）对污泥焚烧前进行污泥烘干处理，达到节能，减排，环保的目的。 3. Usually, the waste incineration system must be equipped with a flue gas cooling system. The function of the flue gas cooling system is to cool the high-temperature flue gas (the outlet temperature of the secondary combustion chamber can be as high as 1100°C) to the temperature range where the subsequent flue gas treatment equipment can work normally. . The present invention uses a high-efficiency heat exchanger to replace the flue gas cooling system, which not only achieves flue gas cooling, but also provides a heat source for sludge drying. The usual dryers have to provide heat sources independently. This system makes full use of the waste gas (high temperature flue gas) produced by the sludge incinerator to dry the sludge before incineration, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction and environmental protection.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是烘干机结构示意图。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dryer.
图2是本发明的实施例的系统结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明的污泥处理工艺流程图。 Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the sludge treatment process of the present invention.
图中：1为耐火材料，2为热循环空气出口，3为污泥进料口，4为螺旋输送芯轴，5为污泥烘干输送夹层，6为烘干废气出口，7为螺旋气道，8为烘干废气出口，9为污泥出料口，10为热循环空气进口，11为进气室，12为输送带，13为斗式提升机，14为热分解炉，15为二燃室，16为高温热交换器，17为低温热交换器，18为喷粉装置，19为布袋除尘器，20为引风机，21为烟囱，22为污泥烘干机，23为循环风机，24为补气阀，25为电加热器，26为冷凝器。 In the figure: 1 is the refractory material, 2 is the thermal circulation air outlet, 3 is the sludge feed inlet, 4 is the screw conveying mandrel, 5 is the sludge drying and conveying interlayer, 6 is the drying waste gas outlet, 7 is the screw air 8 is the drying exhaust gas outlet, 9 is the sludge discharge port, 10 is the thermal circulation air inlet, 11 is the air intake chamber, 12 is the conveyor belt, 13 is the bucket elevator, 14 is the thermal decomposition furnace, 15 is The second combustion chamber, 16 is a high temperature heat exchanger, 17 is a low temperature heat exchanger, 18 is a powder spraying device, 19 is a bag filter, 20 is an induced draft fan, 21 is a chimney, 22 is a sludge dryer, and 23 is a circulation Fan, 24 is an air supply valve, 25 is an electric heater, and 26 is a condenser.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下。 In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
请参考附图1和图2，本发明的一种利用余热产生高温循环空气的污泥烘干及处理系统，包括内部设有污泥螺旋输送芯轴4的污泥烘干机22，螺旋输送芯轴4的轴心为螺旋气道，能通高温空气，使其高温空气能足够多地与污泥进行间接热交换；所述污泥螺旋输送芯轴一端部设置有高温空气进气室11，在进气室11上方设有热循环空气进口10，此形式储气量大，同时也解决了进出气联接、密封难题，大气量便于向螺旋输送芯轴及污泥烘干输送夹层输送高温空气。气室采用内保温形式保温效果好。螺旋输送芯轴4在轴端气室处开有进气孔，此进气方式克服了用螺旋接头进气量小，高温易磨损元件的缺陷，且进气口无需密封。污泥烘干输送夹层5气道设有阻流片，阻流片沿轴线方向每隔2米置12片阻流片，沿圆周分布。阻流片提高了气体的紊流度，使通过污泥烘干输送夹层的高温空气的热交换率得以提高。螺旋气道7置于螺旋输送芯轴内，高温气体沿着螺旋流动，增加了湍流度，提高了热交换率。在出气室左侧面设有热循环空气出口2。在污泥烘干输送夹层5左上方设污泥进料口3，右下方设有污泥出料口9，中间两个出气口6，8为污泥烘干过程产生热蒸汽和废气的烘干废气出口，其特征在于：从污泥出料口9排出的烘干污泥经输送带12和斗式提升机13送往热分解炉14上方的进料口，所述热分解炉14的烟气排气口与用于分解烟气中二噁英的二燃室15相连通，所述二燃室15的高温烟气排气口经高温管道与热交换器相连接，经冷却后烟气通往喷粉装置18和布袋除尘器19处理，最后经烟囱21排入大气中。
Please refer to accompanying drawings 1 and 2, a sludge drying and treatment system utilizing waste heat to generate high-temperature circulating air according to the present invention, including a
上述热交换器由高温热交换器16和低温热交换器17串联构成，所述污泥烘干机22的热循环空气出口经循环风机23抽送至低温热交换器17及高温热交换器16与高温烟气进行热交换，所述高温热交换器16的热循环空气出口经高温循环管道与污泥烘干机22的热循环空气进口相连接。
The above-mentioned heat exchanger is composed of a high-
上述污泥烘干机22的热循环空气出口2与循环风机23之间的连接管路上安装有与大气相通的循环热风补气阀24，所述高温循环管道上安装有用于辅助加热热风的电加热器25。
On the connecting pipeline between the thermal circulation air outlet 2 of the above-mentioned
上述污泥烘干机22的烘干废气出口6，8经引风机和连接管路与冷凝器26相连接，经冷凝后的气体由引风机和连接管路送往二燃室15燃烧分解处理。
The drying waste gas outlets 6 and 8 of the above-mentioned
本发明的工艺流程如下： Process flow of the present invention is as follows:
请参考图3，经烘干机烘干处理后的污泥送入污泥热解炉燃烧，污泥热解燃烧过程会产生烟气，烟气里含有二噁英有害气体。二噁英在高温下很容易分解，在1000℃停留1s，在1100℃停留数微秒即可完全分解。由于污泥在热解炉的热解温度通常在180℃-600℃之间。为了将烟气里的二噁英分解，把烟气输送到二燃室，二燃室安装有二段式柴油燃烧机，燃烧机的开启幅度或关闭由设定温度（设定温度通过热电偶反馈到PLC控制系统）自动控制，在起炉阶段，由于炉温较低，需要开启燃烧机对二燃室进行加热升温，热解气体自燃时，炉温会迅速上升并达到设定温度，助燃装置则自动关闭。经二燃室加温到1000℃将二噁英彻底分解。经过二燃室燃烧的高温烟气经高温管道进入高效热交换器。经过高温热交换器、低温热交换器热（通常的热交换器工作温度不超过400℃，而该系统的热交换器的工作温度1000℃，对热交换器的材料、结构提出了特殊要求，材料要采用耐高温材料，由于工作温度在1000℃，热交换器的热胀冷缩量大，因此对结构有特殊要求）交换将烘干机的加热介质-空气从150℃加温到500℃，而烟气经过热交换温度也从1000℃降至180℃。烟气再经过喷粉装置（活性炭粉或消石灰等）、布袋除尘器达到排放标准后经烟囱排掉。 Please refer to Figure 3. The sludge dried by the dryer is sent to the sludge pyrolysis furnace for combustion. The process of sludge pyrolysis and combustion will produce flue gas, which contains harmful gases of dioxin. Dioxin is easy to decompose at high temperature, and it can be completely decomposed by staying at 1000°C for 1 second and staying at 1100°C for a few microseconds. Because the pyrolysis temperature of sludge in the pyrolysis furnace is usually between 180°C and 600°C. In order to decompose the dioxins in the flue gas, the flue gas is sent to the second combustion chamber. The second combustion chamber is equipped with a two-stage diesel burner. Feedback to the PLC control system) automatic control. In the stage of starting the furnace, due to the low temperature of the furnace, it is necessary to turn on the burner to heat up the second combustion chamber. The device is automatically turned off. The dioxin is completely decomposed by heating to 1000°C in the second combustion chamber. The high-temperature flue gas combusted in the second combustion chamber enters the high-efficiency heat exchanger through the high-temperature pipeline. Heat through high-temperature heat exchangers and low-temperature heat exchangers (usually the working temperature of the heat exchanger does not exceed 400°C, but the working temperature of the heat exchanger in this system is 1000°C, which puts forward special requirements for the material and structure of the heat exchanger. The material should be made of high temperature resistant material. Since the working temperature is 1000°C, the thermal expansion and contraction of the heat exchanger is large, so there are special requirements for the structure). , and the flue gas temperature also drops from 1000°C to 180°C after heat exchange. The flue gas is discharged through the chimney after passing through the powder spraying device (activated carbon powder or slaked lime, etc.) and the bag filter to meet the emission standard.
500℃空气经管道输送到烘干机的进气室，由进气室分别送到污泥烘干输送夹层气道和螺旋芯轴内气道，在污泥烘干输送夹层气道和螺旋芯轴气道内均设有特殊的结构以增加换热比面积，提高热交换率。高温空气经过螺旋烘干机后从烘干机出气室回到管道，管道是密闭的循环系统，空气经热交换器后又回到烘干机。污泥经过高温空气烘干含水量从80％降到45％，经过烘干的污泥再送入污泥热解炉燃烧。 The air at 500°C is transported to the air intake chamber of the dryer through the pipeline, and is sent to the interlayer air passage and the inner air passage of the spiral mandrel for sludge drying and conveying respectively from the air intake chamber. There are special structures in the axial air passages to increase the specific area of heat exchange and improve the heat exchange rate. After passing through the spiral dryer, the high-temperature air returns to the pipeline from the outlet chamber of the dryer. The pipeline is a closed circulation system, and the air returns to the dryer after passing through the heat exchanger. The water content of the sludge is reduced from 80% to 45% after high-temperature air drying, and the dried sludge is then sent to the sludge pyrolysis furnace for combustion.
本发明不局限上述最佳实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可以得出其他各种形式的利用余热产生高温循环空气的污泥烘干及处理系统。凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。 The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode, anyone can draw other various forms of sludge drying and treatment systems using waste heat to generate high-temperature circulating air under the enlightenment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention. the
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