CN102218706B - High-pressure water jet sheet metal progressive forming and cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure water jet plate incremental forming and cutting device, which comprises a five shaft forming unit, a plate material fixture, a lower support mold, a trough, a base, an ultrahigh pressure water pump and a high pressure water nozzle, wherein the five shaft forming unit is mounted above the base; the plate material fixture is mounted in the trough; the lower support mold is mounted in the plate material fixture and is connected with the trough; the trough is fixed on the base; and the high pressure water nozzle is mounted at the tail end of the forming arm of the five shaft forming unit and is connected with the ultrahigh pressure water pump through a high pressure pipe. In the utility model, the powerful impact force of water jet is used for carrying out incremental forming on the plate; moreover, the fine features of the plate can be formed and cut by controlling the pressure of the water jet and the thickness of the water jet; and the forming efficiency and quality are far higher than the forming efficiency and quality of the current incremental forming method. Besides, the incremental forming way does not need lubricant and does not cause pollution to the environment, thus being a clean plate forming way.

Description

High-pressure water jet sheet metal progressive forming and cutting device

technical field

The invention relates to a device in the technical field of plate processing, in particular to a high-pressure water jet plate progressive forming and cutting device.

Background technique

Metal sheets are widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, shipbuilding and other manufacturing industries. The traditional sheet metal stamping forming method is suitable for mass production and processing, but for small batches, multi-variety and sample trial production processing, a new technology has emerged in recent years. A method for incremental forming of sheet metal. This method does not need to make a special stamping die for the product, has the characteristics of flexible processing methods, high forming limit, and low processing cost, and is especially suitable for the processing and production of small batches of metal sheets.

The current incremental forming method mainly transmits the forming force through the hard contact between the processing tool and the sheet. There is friction between the tool and the sheet, the forming takes a long time, the processing tool is also worn, and the strain is not uniform enough. In addition, the lubricant between the tool and the plate will also pollute the plate, and the processing method is not clean enough. In recent years, there are also some explorations on the method of progressive forming of sheet metal by high pressure water. "Water jetting technology: an alternative in incremental sheet metal forming" published by B. Jurisevic et al. in "International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology" (International Advanced Manufacturing Technology) 2006, Issue 31 Method) In the article, a feasibility experiment was carried out on the high-pressure water jet incremental forming method. In the 2010 Second International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation (Second International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation), Cheng et al. also conducted preliminary experiments on high-pressure water jet progressive forming. In these experiments, the deformation of the plate is very small, the processing shape is simple, the degree of freedom of relative movement between the nozzle and the plate is low, it is difficult to process the plate with complex geometric features, and the processing of the subsequent holes and hole features after the plate is formed has not yet been realized. and trimming.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a high-pressure water jet plate progressive forming and cutting device, which can form complex-shaped metal plates containing fine features, and realize the integration of forming and cutting.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions, and the present invention includes: a five-axis forming unit, a sheet clamp, a lower support mold, a water tank, a base, an ultra-high pressure water pump and a high-pressure water nozzle; wherein: the five-axis forming unit is installed on the base , the sheet metal fixture is installed in the water tank, the lower support mold is installed in the sheet material fixture and connected with the water tank, and the water tank is fixed on the base; the high-pressure water nozzle is installed at the end of the forming arm of the five-axis forming unit and passes through the high-pressure tube and the super High pressure water pump connection.

The five-axis forming unit adopts a gantry structure or a cantilever structure, and is composed of a forming arm, a column, a slider, and a gantry frame, wherein: the forming arm is installed on the column and swings in the X direction and rotates in the Z direction relative to the column, and the column is installed on the slider and translate along the Z direction; the slider is installed on the gantry and translate along the Y direction; the gantry is installed on the base and translates along the Z direction.

The high-pressure water nozzle adopts a forming nozzle or a cutting nozzle, wherein: the cutting nozzle is the same as the nozzle of the existing water cutting device; shape to form a corresponding water column.

The sheet material fixture is composed of a blank holder and a hollow support platform, wherein: the sheet material is fixedly arranged between the blank holder ring and the support platform, and the support platform is fixedly arranged in the water tank.

The lower supporting mold is provided with a cutting groove corresponding to the cutting line of the plate, so that the supporting mold will not be damaged when the plate is cut.

When the device is working, the plate is placed in the water tank through the plate fixture, and the plate needs to be exposed to the water surface. A support mold can be placed under the plate according to actual needs; water is ejected from the nozzle under the action of the ultra-high pressure water pump, and the forming arm drives the high pressure water nozzle to press a certain pressure. The track makes five-axis motion relative to the plate; the plate is deformed or broken under the action of high-pressure water, so as to realize the gradual forming and cutting of the plate.

The working process of the device of the present invention is as follows:

1) Modeling, using programming software to generate forming processing trajectory and cutting processing trajectory according to the three-dimensional digital model;

2) Clamp the sheet with a sheet jig;

3) Adjust the water pressure of the water pump to the pressure that the plate can be deformed but not broken, and the nozzle adopts a large-diameter nozzle for forming;

4) During progressive forming, the water jet is driven by the five-axis forming unit to move according to the forming process trajectory, so that the plate is gradually deformed;

5) Increase the water pressure of the water pump to the pressure that can break the plate and replace the small-diameter water nozzle for cutting, and install auxiliary abrasives appropriately according to the thickness of the plate;

6) Carry out the water cutting of the edge features of the characteristic holes. When cutting, the five-axis unit moves according to the cutting processing trajectory, cuts out the hole features and boundaries, and completes the sheet metal processing.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of: due to the lack of friction in the conventional incremental forming method, the nozzle can achieve a higher moving speed and the forming time is shorter; due to the given water pressure, the thickness of the sheet after forming is shorter It is more uniform than traditional incremental forming; because the angle between the water jet and the support mold can be changed, concave features can be formed; because water is used as the forming medium, some fine features can be formed on the support mold; the support mold is affected The force is much smaller than conventional stamping, and the mold cost is low. In addition, since no lubricant is involved, the forming method is clean and there is no environmental pollution problem.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a high-pressure water jet sheet metal progressive forming device with a supporting mold.

Figure 2 is a high-pressure water jet sheet metal progressive forming device without a supporting mold.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of fine feature machining and forming realized by rotating the water jet.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of plate cutting and forming realized by water jet combined with support mold.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment includes: five-axis forming unit 1, sheet metal fixture 2, lower support mold 3, water tank 4, base 5, ultra-high pressure water pump 6 and high-pressure water nozzle 7; wherein: five-axis forming unit 1 Installed on the base 5, the panel fixture 2 is installed in the water tank 4, the lower support mold 3 is installed in the panel fixture 2 and connected with the water tank 4, the water tank 4 is fixed on the base 5; the high-pressure water nozzle 7 is installed in The end of the forming arm 8 of the five-axis forming unit 1 is connected to the ultra-high pressure water pump 6 through a high-pressure pipe.

The five-axis forming unit 1 adopts a gantry structure or a cantilever structure, and is composed of a forming arm 8, a column 9, a slider 10, and a gantry frame 11, wherein: the forming arm 8 is installed on the column 9 and rotates around the X direction relative to the column 9 Swing and rotation in the Z direction, the column 9 is installed on the slider 10 and moves in the Z direction, the slider 10 is installed on the gantry 11 and moves in the Y direction, the gantry 11 is installed on the base 5 and moves in the Z direction translation.

Wherein: the Y direction is the horizontal movement direction of the five-axis forming unit 1 , and the Z direction is the vertical movement direction of the five-axis forming unit 1 .

The high-pressure water nozzle 7 adopts a forming nozzle or a cutting nozzle, wherein: the forming nozzle 7 is larger in diameter than the cutting nozzle 7 and the inner cavity section can be circular, elliptical or flat and generate a corresponding water column.

The sheet material fixture 2 is composed of a blank holder 12 and a hollow support platform 13 , wherein: the sheet material is fixedly arranged between the blank holder 12 and the support platform 13 , and the support platform 13 is fixedly arranged in the water tank 4 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the lower supporting mold 3 is provided with a cutting groove 14 corresponding to the cutting line of the plate.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the forming and cutting process of the device is as follows:

1) The product size is 100mm×100mm, and the thickness is 0.1mm aluminum plate;

2) Use 3D modeling software (such as NX, DELCAM) to digitally model the product, and use numerical control software to generate continuous forming trajectories on the surface of the sheet 8, and the distance between adjacent trajectories is 1.5mm;

3) Use CNC machining CAM software to generate cutting tracks for the features that need to be milled such as holes and edges of the sheet;

4) Adjust the water pressure of the water pump 6 to 20MPa, and adopt a circular nozzle 7 with a diameter of 2mm for forming;

5) The sheet is blanked into a 120mm×120mm square, and clamped by the forming fixture 2 to 10mm around the sheet;

6) Input the CNC forming trajectory code;

7) Start the machine tool, the computer controls the servo motors to make the forming arm 8 drive the nozzle 7 to move according to the input trajectory, and the high-pressure water sprayed from the nozzle 7 deforms the sheet metal to realize gradual forming;

8) Increase the water pressure to 100MPa, and replace the nozzle 7 with a diameter of 0.2mm for cutting;

9) Enter the CNC cutting track code;

10) Start the machine tool, and the computer controls each servo motor to make the forming arm 8 drive the nozzle 7 to move according to the input trajectory, and the high-pressure water jetted through the nozzle 7 cuts the sheet to complete the edge trimming;

11) After the forming is completed, the sheet is removed.

Claims (3)

1. a high-pressure water jet plate incremental forming and cutter sweep is characterized in that, comprising: five axle forming units, plate anchor clamps, lower support mould, tank, base, super-pressure water pump and hydraulic spray; Wherein: five axle forming units are installed on the base, and the plate anchor clamps are installed in the tank, and the lower support mould is installed within the plate anchor clamps and with tank and is connected, and tank is fixed on the base; Hydraulic spray is installed on the builder arm end of five axle forming units and is connected with the super-pressure water pump by high-voltage tube;

Described five axle forming units adopt gantry structure or cantilever design, consisted of by builder arm, column, slide block, portal frame, wherein: builder arm be installed on the column and relatively column around X Direction swings, the Z direction is rotated, column is installed on the slide block and along the Z direction translational, slide block is installed on the portal frame and along the Y-direction translation, portal frame is installed on the base and along the Z direction translational, Y-direction is the direction that moves horizontally of five axle forming units, and the Z direction is the vertical moving direction of five axle forming units.

2. high-pressure water jet plate incremental forming according to claim 1 and cutter sweep, it is characterized in that, described plate anchor clamps are made of blank holder and hollow brace table, and wherein: plate is fixedly installed between blank holder and the brace table, and brace table is fixedly installed in the tank.

3. high-pressure water jet plate incremental forming according to claim 1 and cutter sweep is characterized in that, described lower support mould is provided with the cutting groove of corresponding sheet material line of cut.

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