CN102198504A - Production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel - Google Patents
Production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102198504A CN102198504A CN2011101750317A CN201110175031A CN102198504A CN 102198504 A CN102198504 A CN 102198504A CN 2011101750317 A CN2011101750317 A CN 2011101750317A CN 201110175031 A CN201110175031 A CN 201110175031A CN 102198504 A CN102198504 A CN 102198504A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production technology of a mirror-surface plastic die steel. The plastic die steel is obtained through liquid-pouring electroslag, rationally heating and forging; the technology comprises the following steps of: liquid pouring steel water by the electroslag to obtain steel ingot after producing the steel in a converter; determining heating institutions, wherein the heating temperature of the steel ingot is not more than 1240 DEG C, the initial forging temperature is 1050 to 1100 DEG C, and the final rolling temperature is not less than 920 DEG C; air cooling to 750-830 DEG C after forging, and sand cooling for 72 hours; and annealing the steel plate, wherein the aged temperature is 5500-600 DEG C, so as to obtain the plastic die steel. The plastic die steel obtained by the invention is very good in organization hardness uniformity, good in processing capability and particularly good in cutting performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of mirror plastic steel, the production technology of the plastic die steel that specifically a kind of polishing performance is splendid.
Background technology
Along with the maximization of the lightness and the electric equipment products of automobile, the range of application of plastics constantly enlarges, and this not only requires the size of mould to increase, and the performance requirement of mold materials is also improved thereupon, comprises machinability, mirror finish, wearability and corrosion resistance etc.
Heavy in section pre-hardened plastic mold steel processing charges accounts for entire die sound field cost more than 60%, and the cutting ability of plastic die steel is most important for its application, and the higher hardness of pre-hardened plastic mold steel makes the raising of its machinability more urgent.The organizational factor that influences the processing characteristics of steel mainly contains the matrix and second particle mutually; the type of matrix, uniformity and hardness level all can influence the quality of machinability; usually matrix is even more, and machinability is good more, and it is serious more that cutting force closes the wearing and tearing of cutter.Points hardness's fluctuation causes the shake of cutter in the working angles, increases the roughness of cutting surface, in polishing process, causes that each region deformation of specimen surface is inconsistent simultaneously, infringement polished surface quality.
Non-metallic inclusion in the steel is mainly the plasticity sulfide of soft and the oxide of the difficult distortion of high rigidity.Wherein having of sulfide is beneficial to machining, and the non-metallic inclusion of the high-melting-point high rigidity that exists in the steel such as oxide are not yielding under the cutting stress effect, may break away from matrix and be attached on smear metal bottom or the surface of the work, tool surface is under cutting movement and local bigger contact stress effect, will be rapidly by these hard point scratches, cause the heavy wear of cutter, and then increase cutting force.And in polishing process, if oxide assembles, under the flow stress effect, also may come off and form " pit " at specimen surface, the surface roughness of increase material.
Tradition electroslag remelting (ESR) is to utilize electric current by the have a resistance a kind of extraordinary method of smelting of heat heating and refined metals of molten slag.Its objective is on the basis of refining just further purification steel, alloy and improve the crystalline structure of steel ingot, thereby obtain the steel ingot high-quality, that even tissue is fine and close.But shortcomings such as traditional electroslag remelting exists, and production efficiency is low, production cycle length, production cost height, the preparation of metal electrode simultaneously not only makes production cost increase, and makes complex procedures, production cycle long.
Summary of the invention
Be prone to quality problems such as segregation, shrinkage cavity in the large-scale steel ingot process of setting in order to solve, solving traditional electroslag remelting needs the preparation of metal electrode, shortcomings such as complex procedures, production cycle lengthening.The production technology that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high mirror-surface plastic die steel, this production technology adopts electric furnace+vacuum outgas+liquid pouring of electroslag, by rational heating cycle and Forging Technology, Technology for Heating Processing, the plastic die steel that obtains has the good tissue uniformity of hardness, good processability, especially excellent cutting performance.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel is characterized in that this production technology adopts liquid pouring of electroslag, the heating cycle by suitable, Forging Technology, Technology for Heating Processing to obtain mirror-surface plastic die steel, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) electric furnace steel tapping is after LF+VD double refining, vacuum outgas; Bag baking in carrying out simultaneously, utilizationization slag device slag;
2) ladle is transported to the cast station, molten steel is injected tundish rapidly through long nozzle; Build middle clad, because the poring rate of the more traditional continuous casting of liquid electric slag poring rate is slow, so need centering Baogang water to carry out heat tracing, heating-up temperature is 1525 ± 10 ℃, and Argon stirs simultaneously; Promote inclusion floating, make composition and equalizing temperature;
3) adopt stopper control mouth of a river aperture to carry out the control of pouring molten steel speed, the control molten steel flow flows in the crystallizer according to 80-120kg/min cast flow velocity; Crystallizer is divided into two parts, and its middle and upper part is the conductive heater slag, bottom steel ingot moulding effect; The slag liquid level arrives the current-conductive mold position, open the crystallizer power supply slag is heated, the slag temperature is 1500-1550 ℃, is target with metal bath constant shape and the casting billet surface of controlling the casting process ingot casting, adjust input power in real time, make the interior Temperature Distribution of crystallizer keep constant; The slag bath heating realizes refining and changes slag feeding function, removes objectionable impurities element and non-metallic inclusion in the metal;
4) beginning stripping operation, stripping speed is constant with assurance crystallizer slag liquid level position to be principle, and stripping speed at a slow speed is 20-50mm/min, and steel ingot is opened the aerosol secondary cooling apparatus after going out the crystallizer mouth;
5) heating-up temperature of steel ingot is no more than 1220 ℃, makes the abundant solid solution of alloying element; Initial forging temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, final forging temperature 900-950 ℃; Forge the back air cooling to room temperature; Steel plate is carried out temper, temperature 600-650 ℃, obtain plastic die steel.
Mirror-surface plastic die steel chemical component weight percentage of the present invention is: carbon: 0.26 ~ 0.42%, silicon: 0.30 ~ 0.50%, manganese: 1.00 ~ 1.5%, nickel: 0.80 ~ 1.30%, chromium: 1.40 ~ 2.10%, molybdenum: 0.20 ~ 0.50%, phosphorus≤0.015, sulphur≤0.012, all the other are iron.
The present invention adopts electric furnace to add vacuum refining, liquid pouring of electroslag is produced steel ingot, air cooling after heats forged, and tempered adjustment hardness eliminates stress simultaneously, prevents cracking.
The electric slag liquid casting technique that the present invention adopts is compared with traditional electroslag remelting, can increase substantially production efficiency, reduces production costs.Adopt the heating of tundish metallurgy technology and slag bath to realize refining and change slag feeding function, effectively remove harmful element and non-metallic inclusion.Properties of product are superior, and the purity height, sulfur content is low, non-metallic inclusion is few, surface of steel ingot is smooth, crystallization even compact, metallographic structure and chemical composition are even.
The present invention has continuous throwing and strand secondary refrigerating function, steel ingot stable and continuous ground can be pulled out crystallizer according to setting speed with steel ingot.Compare with traditional electroslag remelting, the present invention need not to adopt consutrode, and production cost is low, and operation is simple.Adopt this method that productivity ratio is increased to 5～8 times, improved production efficiency, reduced production cost.The secondary cooling can strengthen the strand cooling velocity to improve poring rate, improves the crystalline structure of steel ingot, obtains the steel ingot of high-quality even tissue densification.
The mould of plastics band steel that the present invention produces reaches JB/T4730.3-2005 standard I level through ultrasound examination, and the field trash rank is lower, and grain size reaches 10 grades, and combination property is good.
The mould steel that the present invention produces, high purity, sulfur content is low, and non-metallic inclusion is few, and surface of steel ingot is smooth, the crystallization even compact, metallographic structure and chemical composition are even.
The present invention adopt the hot rolling control cold+temper technology, reach the pre-hardening purpose, need not normalized treatment, whole heat treated with short production cycle.This technology is than common process energy savings more than 30%.The microscopic structure even compact, pre-hard hardness evenly, be useful for the lithography process and the mirror finish of mould.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the edging tissue aspect graph of pre-hardening plastic die steel hot rolling attitude.
Fig. 1 b is that the core of pre-hardening plastic die steel hot rolling attitude is organized aspect graph.
Fig. 2 a is the edging tissue aspect graph of pre-hardening plastic die steel tempering attitude.
Fig. 2 b is that the core of pre-hardening plastic die steel tempering attitude is organized aspect graph.
The specific embodiment
The plastic die steel production technology that a kind of polishing performance is good, this production technology adopts appropriate ingredients design, electric furnace smelting, vacuum outgas, liquid pouring of electroslag, obtains mirror-surface plastic die steel by rational heating cycle and Forging Technology, Technology for Heating Processing, and concrete steps are as follows:
Carbon has decisive influence to obdurability, hardness, the wearability of steel, and the carbon amount increases, and hardness, intensity and wearability increase, but toughness descends.Satisfying under the prerequisite of hardness, suitably reduce the carbon amount, add the trace Ti crystal grain thinning simultaneously, add the incubation period that micro-B delays austenite-perlitic transformation, improve quenching degree, make cross section hardness more even.Smelting chemical composition C, Cr, Mo, Mn must be controlled at very narrow scope.Mirror-surface plastic die steel chemical component weight percentage: carbon: 0.26 ~ 0.38%, silicon: 0.30 ~ 0.80%, manganese: 1.50 ~ 2.5%, nickel: 0.80 ~ 1.50%, chromium: 1.70 ~ 2.50%, molybdenum :≤0.50%, phosphorus≤0.015, sulphur≤0.012, titanium≤0.03, boron≤0.002%, all the other are iron.
Behind the electric furnace steel tapping molten steel is transported to LF, the VD station carries out double refining, vacuum outgas; Bag baking in carrying out simultaneously, utilizationization slag device slag; Ladle is transported to the cast station molten steel is injected tundish rapidly through long nozzle; Build middle clad, the bag induction power supply carries out heat tracing to molten steel in opening, and middle bag temperature is 1525 ± 10 ℃, the while ar blowing refining, and the about 30-50min of argon blowing time promotes inclusion floating, molten steel composition and equalizing temperature, realizes tundish metallurgy; Flow in the crystallizer according to the 80-120kg/min poring rate by the Position Control molten steel flow of adjusting stopper in the tundish; When the slag liquid level arrives the current-conductive mold position, open the crystallizer power supply slag is heated, begin the stripping operation simultaneously, stripping speed at a slow speed is 20-50mm/min; Steel ingot goes out at circumferencial direction aerial fog nozzle to be set evenly behind the crystallizer mouth strand is carried out the secondary cooling, improves setting rate and poring rate.
Use the liquid pouring of electroslag technology diameter of having cast to be 800m, the steel ingot of length 2.5m.Because the series of physical chemical reaction will take place in liquid metal in flowing through the slag bath process and between metal in the metal bath and the slag, thereby can remove objectionable impurities element and non-metallic inclusion in the metal.Slag bath makes and forms one deck skull between crystallizer inwall and the steel ingot, and it not only makes surface of steel ingot smoothly bright and clean, and has reduced radially heat conduction, helps order of crystallization from bottom to top, has improved the crystalline structure of steel ingot inside.
Steel ingot firing rate with 80 ℃/h in heating furnace is warmed up to 750-800 preheating 2h, and the firing rate with 150 ℃/h is heated to 1220 ℃ of insulation 3h then; Initial forging temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, final forging temperature 900-950 ℃.Jumping-up and pull out that air cooling carries out 600-650 ℃ of temper to room temperature to the trimmed size 300*1200mm section module, temperature retention time 3min/mm adjusts hardness, eliminates and forges the internal stress that produces in the cooling procedure of back, prevents distortion and cracking in the Mould Machining process.
Fig. 1 a is the edging tissue aspect graph of pre-hardening plastic die steel hot rolling attitude.Fig. 1 b is that the core of pre-hardening plastic die steel hot rolling attitude is organized aspect graph.Fig. 2 a is the edging tissue aspect graph of pre-hardening plastic die steel tempering attitude.Fig. 2 b is that the core of pre-hardening plastic die steel tempering attitude is organized aspect graph.Cementite in the tissue mainly is graininess, and cutter is pushed the cementite in the sorbite open, and cutting force is little, and cutter is difficult for being worn, if but cementite is the synusia shape, and cutter runs through the cementite of cutting in the sorbite, the corresponding increase of cutting force so, cutter easily is worn.Tissue morphology is the principal element that influences the cutting force size.By the tool wear situation, the test of cutting force and turning surface roughness, as can be known, the cementite of tempered sorbite distributes even more, and roundness is high more, and particle is more little, and is favourable approximately to machining.Have obvious segregation in the tissue, cause the microhardness distribution inequality, in working angles, cutter produces shake, thereby worsens surface quality.Pre-hardening can obtain full martensite or contain the lower bainite tissue when adopting control cold, obtains tempered sorbite or a small amount of tempering lower bainite tissue behind high tempering.
Studies show that, the plastic die steel microcleanliness of trial-production, room temperature is impacted, hardness can both satisfy customer requirements.The metallographic structure of pre-hardened steel is a tempered sorbite, the even tissue densification.
Technology for Heating Processing is suitable, even tissue, and segregation is little, makes cross section hardness be evenly distributed, and causes the machining surface roughness little, and polishing performance is good.
Ultrasonic examination detects and reaches JB/T4730.3-2005 standard I level, and the field trash rank is low, and grain size reaches 10 grades, and combination property is good.Cross section Brinell hardness scope HB350-HB380, normal temperature impact and reach 40J.
With the steel ingot of liquid pouring of electroslag, than using continuous casting billet more to adapt to many kind, the requirement of small lot, and high purity, sulfur content is low, and non-metallic inclusion is few, and surface of steel ingot is smooth, the crystallization even compact, metallographic structure and chemical composition are even.Surface and internal soundness are higher than the conventional die castings base, and cost is lower than electroslag remelting.
Claims (4)
1. the production technology of a mirror-surface plastic die steel is characterized in that this production technology adopts liquid pouring of electroslag, the heating cycle by suitable, Forging Technology, Technology for Heating Processing to obtain mirror-surface plastic die steel, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) electric furnace steel tapping is after LF+VD double refining, vacuum outgas; Bag baking in carrying out simultaneously, utilizationization slag device slag;
2) ladle is transported to the cast station, molten steel is injected tundish rapidly through long nozzle; Build middle clad, because the poring rate of the more traditional continuous casting of liquid electric slag poring rate is slow, so need centering Baogang water to carry out heat tracing, heating-up temperature is 1525 ± 10 ℃, and Argon stirs simultaneously;
3) adopt stopper control mouth of a river aperture to carry out the control of pouring molten steel speed, the control molten steel flow flows in the crystallizer according to 80-120kg/min cast flow velocity; Crystallizer is divided into two parts, and its middle and upper part is the conductive heater slag, bottom steel ingot moulding effect; The slag liquid level arrives the current-conductive mold position, open the crystallizer power supply slag is heated, the slag temperature is 1500-1550 ℃, is target with metal bath constant shape and the casting billet surface of controlling the casting process ingot casting, adjust input power in real time, make the interior Temperature Distribution of crystallizer keep constant;
4) beginning stripping operation, stripping speed is constant with assurance crystallizer slag liquid level position to be principle, and stripping speed at a slow speed is 20-50mm/min, and steel ingot is opened the aerosol secondary cooling apparatus after going out the crystallizer mouth;
5) heating-up temperature of steel ingot is no more than 1220 ℃, makes the abundant solid solution of alloying element; Initial forging temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, final forging temperature 900-950 ℃; Forge the back air cooling to room temperature; Steel plate is carried out temper, temperature 600-650 ℃, obtain plastic die steel.
2. the production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mirror-surface plastic die steel chemical component weight percentage is: carbon: 0.26 ~ 0.42%, silicon: 0.30 ~ 0.50%, manganese: 1.00 ~ 1.5%, nickel: 0.80 ~ 1.30%, chromium: 1.40 ~ 2.10%, molybdenum: 0.20 ~ 0.50%, phosphorus≤0.015, sulphur≤0.012, all the other are iron.
3. the production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) middle centering bag heat tracing, Argon stirs, and promotes inclusion floating, makes composition and equalizing temperature.
4. the production technology of mirror-surface plastic die steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 3), the slag bath heating realizes refining and changes slag feeding function, removes objectionable impurities element and non-metallic inclusion in the metal.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104451417A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Production process of high-cleanliness non-quenched and tempered plastic mold thick steel plate |
| CN107151759A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-12 | 重庆大学 | It is a kind of to be used to preparing heavy-duty forging die has under the conditions of high temperature heavy load extraordinary cast steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108467989A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-08-31 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of easily welding pre-hardening plastic steel plate for die and its production method |
| CN109136753A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of P80 high mirror-surface plastic die steel plate |
| CN109457118A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-12 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | A method of mitigating white point in 10Ni3MnCuAl steel |
| CN109694983A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of high mirror surface corrosion-resistant plastic mould steel and its manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104451417A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Production process of high-cleanliness non-quenched and tempered plastic mold thick steel plate |
| CN107151759A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-12 | 重庆大学 | It is a kind of to be used to preparing heavy-duty forging die has under the conditions of high temperature heavy load extraordinary cast steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN109694983A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of high mirror surface corrosion-resistant plastic mould steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN109694983B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-09-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-mirror-surface corrosion-resistant plastic die steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108467989A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-08-31 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of easily welding pre-hardening plastic steel plate for die and its production method |
| CN108467989B (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-10-25 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of easily welding pre-hardening plastic steel plate for die and its production method |
| CN109136753A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of P80 high mirror-surface plastic die steel plate |
| CN109136753B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-10-02 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of P80 high-mirror-surface plastic mold steel plate |
| CN109457118A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-12 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | A method of mitigating white point in 10Ni3MnCuAl steel |
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Application publication date: 20110928 |