CN102195370A - Permanent magnet generator system with variable leakage reactance and large rotating speed range output - Google Patents
Permanent magnet generator system with variable leakage reactance and large rotating speed range output Download PDFInfo
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- CN102195370A CN102195370A CN2011101298264A CN201110129826A CN102195370A CN 102195370 A CN102195370 A CN 102195370A CN 2011101298264 A CN2011101298264 A CN 2011101298264A CN 201110129826 A CN201110129826 A CN 201110129826A CN 102195370 A CN102195370 A CN 102195370A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet generator system with variable leakage reactance and large rotating speed range output, solving the problems of complex control and low reliability in the traditional permanent magnet generator system. The number of rotor poles of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronizing generator in the system is 10n; a phase difference between two sets of three-phase windings of a stator is a 30-DEG electric angle; the number of slots of a stator iron core is 12n, the two sets of three-phase windings are concentrated windings, 6n coils constituting each set of three-phase winding are uniformly distributed and wound on an armature core tooth along the circumference, one set of winding with more turns is embedded in the bottom layer of a slot, the other set of winding with less turns is embedded in the upper layer of the slot, a leakage resistance regulating sheet is arranged between the upper winding and the lower winding; and the output end of each set of three-phase winding is connected with the alternating-current input end of one three-phase rectifier, and direct-current output ends of the two three-phase rectifiers are connected in parallel or in series and then connected to a common direct-current bus. The invention is suitable for wind power generation systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the variable wide speed range output of a kind of leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, belong to machine field.
Background technology
Magneto is as generator, owing to save excitation winding and collector ring that breaks down easily and brush, has lot of advantages: simple in structure, processing and assembly fee reduce, move more reliable or the like.Rare earth permanent-magnetic generator has that volume is little, the shape and size of light weight, efficient height, motor can be versatile and flexible etc. remarkable advantage; Simultaneously, because it is very little to be in the magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet in the d-axis magnetic circuit, the more electric excitation synchronous generator of the d-axis reactance of armature reaction is much smaller, thereby inherent voltage regulation is littler than electric excitation synchronous generator.Therefore, small-sized wind power generator all adopts magneto alternator basically.
In wind generator system,, make the output voltage of wind-driven generator (particularly permanent magnet generator) in very large range fluctuate because the change of wind velocity scope is very big.Therefore, small generator often can not directly link to each other with load, but utilizes rectifier to change the alternating voltage in the armature winding, electrorheological into direct voltage, electric current, charges a battery, electrical power storage is got up, by the storage battery powering load referring to shown in Figure 5; Can also pass through a controlled rectification adjuster, make generator give load and storage battery power supply simultaneously.
But the present subject matter that exists from net type wind generator system is to carry out maximal wind-energy capture, can't realize maximum power control, and generator can not carry out electric energy output during wind energy conversion system low speed; Promptly allow to realize maximum power control, also have problems such as control is complicated, technical difficulty is big, cost is high, reliability is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the low problem of control complexity, reliability that existing permanent-magnet electric generator system exists, the present invention proposes the variable wide speed range output of a kind of leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system.
The variable wide speed range output of a kind of leakage reactance of the present invention permanent-magnet electric generator system is made of a three-phase permanent synchronous generator and two three-phase rectifiers, described three-phase permanent synchronous generator comprises stator, rotor and air gap, described rotor is made of permanent magnet, rotor yoke and rotating shaft, and the rotor number of poles is 10n; Described stator is made of unshakable in one's determination and two covers, three phase windings, and the phase difference between described two covers, three phase windings is 30 ° of electrical degrees; The groove number of described stator core is 12n, n is a positive integer, and described two covers, three phase windings are concentrated winding, and every cover three phase windings are made of 6n coil, 6n coil in every cover three phase windings evenly distributes along circumference and is wrapped on the armature core tooth, promptly twines a coil every a tooth; The number of turn difference of two cover windings, the cover winding that the number of turn is many embeds the bottom at groove, and the another set of winding that the number of turn is few embeds the upper strata at groove, promptly near the notch side, is provided with the leakage reactance adjustment sheet that is made of magnetic material between upper strata winding and the lower floor's winding; The output of every cover three phase windings connects the ac input end of a three-phase rectifier, after the dc output end parallel connection or series connection of two three-phase rectifiers, receives on the common DC bus.
The variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance of the present invention permanent-magnet electric generator system belongs to wide speed range output permanent magnetism wind power generator system, and the operation principle of this kind generator system is:
For the wide speed range output permanent-magnet electric generator systems that are made of double-wind-ing gene rator and two rectifiers, because the number of turn differences of two cover windings in the generator, the back-emf of the winding that the number of turn is many is higher than the back-emf of the few winding of the number of turn.When the rotating speed of generator is low, the winding that the number of turn is many will have power output, rising along with generator speed, winding power output and electric current that the number of turn is many also can increase, but because little, the notch height height of width of rebate of the coil side place groove of number of turn winding how, therefore, the leakage reactance of the winding that the number of turn is many is big, output voltage when having suppressed high speed increases, thereby the power output when having limited high speed guarantees that it can not damage because of electric current surpasses limits value.When having only the generator high speed, the winding that the number of turn is few just has output, and owing to the leakage reactance of the few winding of the number of turn is little, so the few winding of the number of turn can be exported big electric current, high power.
Fig. 4 is the power out-put characteristic of generator system.As can be seen from the figure, the maximum work output rate curve of output power curve that system is total and wind energy conversion system is close, therefore this electricity generation system can adapt with the characteristic of wind energy conversion system, can realize maximal wind-energy from motion tracking, the energy converting between mechanical ability in the time of can improving alternator speed effectively and change.The present invention can be widely used in vehicle generating, wind power generation, small hydro generating iso-variable velocity power field.
The present invention is by adopting special armature structure, make the winding leakage reactance with the output current variable size, thereby the power output of restriction winding is utilized the synthetic output of two cover windings, realized that output of a generator from low speed to high speed follows, strengthened the energy converting between mechanical efficient of generator; In addition, constitute generator system,, in the winding 5 times, 7 inferior higher harmonic currents are cancelled out each other, make armature magnetomotive force be sineization by the reasonable Arrangement of winding by two cover winding magneto alternators and two rectifiers.
Permanent-magnet electric generator system tool of the present invention is in simple in structure, the vibration of inheriting common permanent magnet synchronous wind generator and noise is low, efficient is high, the output voltage pulsation is little, on the basis of advantages such as overload capacity is strong, reliability is high, low cost of manufacture, realize the automatic tracking Control of maximal wind-energy of wind generator system, improved the ability that wind energy under the wind speed change condition is converted to electric energy greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance of the present invention permanent-magnet electric generator system, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the magneto in the variable wide speed range output of the embodiment two described leakage reactances permanent-magnet electric generator system, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the magneto in the variable wide speed range output of the embodiment four described leakage reactances permanent-magnet electric generator system, Fig. 4 is the curve chart of permanent-magnet electric generator system, wherein curve 11 is represented the situation that the wind-force peak power outputs equate with input of a generator, the gross output of curve 12 expression permanent magnet generatores, the power output of the winding 2 that the curve 13 expression numbers of turn are many, Fig. 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of existing miniature wind power generation system.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, the variable wide speed range output of the described leakage reactance of present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system, constitute by a three-phase permanent synchronous generator and two three-phase rectifiers, described three-phase permanent synchronous generator comprises stator, rotor and air gap, described rotor is made of permanent magnet 6, rotor yoke 7 and rotating shaft, and the rotor number of poles is 10n; Described stator is made of 1 and two covers, three phase windings unshakable in one's determination, and the phase difference between described two covers, three phase windings is 30 ° of electrical degrees; The groove number of described stator core 1 is 12n, n is a positive integer, and described two covers, three phase windings are concentrated winding, and every cover three phase windings are made of 6n coil, 6n coil in every cover three phase windings evenly distributes along circumference and is wrapped on the armature core tooth 4, promptly twines a coil every a tooth; The number of turn difference of two cover windings, the cover winding 2 that the number of turn is many embeds the bottom at groove, and the another set of winding 3 that the number of turn is few embeds the upper strata at groove, promptly near the notch side, is provided with the leakage reactance adjustment sheet 5 that is made of magnetic material between upper strata winding and the lower floor's winding; The output of every cover three phase windings connects the ac input end of a three-phase rectifier, after the dc output end parallel connection or series connection of two three-phase rectifiers, receives on the common DC bus.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, be the principle schematic of the variable wide speed range output of the described leakage reactance of present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system.
Embodiment two, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, leakage reactance adjustment sheet 5 in the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance in the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system is plate shaped, this plate shaped leakage reactance adjustment sheet 5 is positioned at the radially centre position of its place groove, and the place groove is divided into inside and outside two parts, the axial length of described adjustment sheet is less than the distance between the axial two ends of the winding in its place groove.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, when being n=1, the structural representation of the described permanent magnet generator of present embodiment, the number of stator slots of this permanent magnet generator are 12 grooves, and the rotor number of poles is 10 utmost points, therefore the electrical degree that differs between adjacent two stator slots is 150 °, i.e. (30 °), winding is for concentrating winding, and every cover winding is made of 6 coils, each coil all on armature core tooth 4, every a tooth around a coil.The 2nd cover winding 2 number of turn multidigits are in the lower floor of groove, that is: away from the notch side; And 6 coils of lower floor that embed at groove are respectively a1x1, b1y1, c1z1, a2x2, b2y2, c2z2, arrange on stator core tooth 4 along circumference successively, wherein a1x1 connects with a2x2, and b1y1 connects with b2y2, c1z1 connects with c2z2, and these 6 coils constitute the 2nd cover winding; The 1st cover winding 3 numbers of turn are few, be positioned at the upper strata of groove, that is: close on the notch side, 6 coils are respectively A1X1, B1Y1, C1Z1, A2X2, B2Y2, C2Z2, arrange on stator core tooth 4 along circumference successively, wherein A1X1 connects with A2X2, and B1Y1 connects with B2Y2, C1Z1 connects with C2Z2, and these 6 coils constitute the 1st cover winding.
Embodiment three, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, leakage reactance adjustment sheet 5 in the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance in the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system is a tile shape, the adjustment sheet of described tile shape is positioned at the radially centre position of its place groove, and the place groove is divided into inside and outside two parts, the axial length of described adjustment sheet is less than the distance between the axis of winding two ends in its place groove.
Embodiment four, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, in the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance in the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system, in the middle of armature tooth, radially have axial pass trough, embedded thin plate 8 in this groove.Described thin plate 8 is selected the low material of resistivity.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, be when n=2, the structural representation of the described permanent magnet generator of present embodiment.
Embodiment five, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, and two covers, three phase windings in the variable wide speed range output of the leakage reactance in the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system are that star connection, Y connection, delta connection or star are mixed connection with triangle.
Embodiment six, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, and the rotor in the variable wide speed range output of the described leakage reactance of the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system is embedded magnet structure, extrapolation magnet structure or surperficial magnet structure.
Embodiment seven, present embodiment are the further qualifications to the variable wide speed range output of embodiment one described leakage reactance permanent-magnet electric generator system, in the variable wide speed range output of the described leakage reactance of the present embodiment permanent-magnet electric generator system, the both uncontrollable rectifier of described three-phase rectifier can also be the controlled rectifier that is made of power semiconductor.
The described power semiconductor of present embodiment can be selected MOSFET or IGBT etc.
Claims (8)
1. the variable wide speed range of leakage reactance is exported permanent-magnet electric generator system, constitute by a three-phase permanent synchronous generator and two three-phase rectifiers, described three-phase permanent synchronous generator comprises stator, rotor and air gap, it is characterized in that, described rotor is made of permanent magnet (6), rotor yoke (7) and rotating shaft, and the rotor number of poles is 10n; Described stator is made of (1) unshakable in one's determination and two covers, three phase windings, and the phase difference between described two covers, three phase windings is 30 ° of electrical degrees; The groove number of described stator core (1) is 12n, n is a positive integer, described two covers, three phase windings are concentrated winding, every cover three phase windings are made of 6n coil, 6n coil in every cover three phase windings evenly distributes along circumference and is wrapped on the armature core tooth (4), promptly twines a coil every a tooth; The number of turn difference of two cover windings, the cover winding (2) that the number of turn is many embeds the bottom at groove, the another set of winding that the number of turn is few embeds the upper strata at groove, promptly near the notch side, is provided with the leakage reactance adjustment sheet (5) that is made of magnetic material between upper strata winding and the lower floor's winding; The output of every cover three phase windings connects the ac input end of a three-phase rectifier, after the dc output end parallel connection or series connection of two three-phase rectifiers, receives on the common DC bus.
2. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system, it is characterized in that, described leakage reactance adjustment sheet (5) is plate shaped, this plate shaped leakage reactance adjustment sheet (5) is positioned at the radially centre position of its place groove, and the place groove is divided into inside and outside two parts, the axial length of described adjustment sheet is less than the distance between the axial two ends of the winding in its place groove.
3. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system, it is characterized in that, described leakage reactance adjustment sheet (5) is a tile shape, the adjustment sheet of described tile shape is positioned at the radially centre position of its place groove, and the place groove is divided into inside and outside two parts, the axial length of described adjustment sheet is less than the distance between the axis of winding two ends in its place groove.
4. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system is characterized in that, radially has axial pass trough in the middle of armature tooth, has embedded thin plate (4) in this groove.
5. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system is characterized in that, described two covers, three phase windings are that star connection, Y connection, delta connection or star are mixed connection with triangle.
6. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system is characterized in that described rotor is embedded permanent magnet (6) structure, extrapolation permanent magnet (6) structure or surperficial permanent magnet (6) structure.
7. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system is characterized in that described three-phase rectifier is uncontrollable rectifier.
8. the variable wide speed range output of leakage reactance according to claim 1 permanent-magnet electric generator system is characterized in that the controlled rectifier of described three-phase rectifier for being made of power semiconductor.
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| CN2011101298264A CN102195370B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Permanent magnet generator system with variable leakage reactance and large rotating speed range output |
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| CN2011101298264A CN102195370B (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Permanent magnet generator system with variable leakage reactance and large rotating speed range output |
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| CN102195370B CN102195370B (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN102287705A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-21 | 苏州晶雷光电照明科技有限公司 | Wall lamp capable of being adhered randomly |
| CN102868246A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-09 | 武汉新能源接入装备与技术研究院有限公司 | High-capacity low-speed permanent-magnet wind-driven generator |
| CN103840577A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-armature-winding double-salient-pole motor power generation system |
| CN103929040A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Poly-phase alternating-current linear motor system for ring windings |
| CN103944318A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase high-speed alternating current motor system |
| CN104617689A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-13 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Wind driven generator, stator iron core of wind driven generator and iron core module of stator |
| GB2541781A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-03-01 | Gen Electric | Short circuit fault tolerant permanent magnet machine |
| CN108768119A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-06 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Magneto alternator and permanent magnetism synchronous wind generating system |
| CN108880047A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of magneto and control method and system for the motor |
| US10560008B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2020-02-11 | Johnson Electric International AG | Brushless direct current electric motor and electric power steering system |
| CN112467913A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Double-winding permanent magnet motor |
| CN113489201A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 南京师范大学 | Wide-high-efficiency-area hybrid linear concentrated winding permanent magnet motor system and control method |
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| CN102868246A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-09 | 武汉新能源接入装备与技术研究院有限公司 | High-capacity low-speed permanent-magnet wind-driven generator |
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| CN103929040A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Poly-phase alternating-current linear motor system for ring windings |
| US10560008B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2020-02-11 | Johnson Electric International AG | Brushless direct current electric motor and electric power steering system |
| US10541579B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2020-01-21 | Xinjiang Goldwind Science & Technology Co., Ltd. | Wind power generator and stator iron core therof, and stator iron core module |
| CN104617689A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-13 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Wind driven generator, stator iron core of wind driven generator and iron core module of stator |
| US9979248B2 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2018-05-22 | General Electric Company | Short circuit fault tolerant permanent magnet machine |
| GB2541781B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-06-27 | Gen Electric | Short circuit fault tolerant permanent magnet machine |
| GB2541781A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-03-01 | Gen Electric | Short circuit fault tolerant permanent magnet machine |
| CN108880047A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-11-23 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of magneto and control method and system for the motor |
| CN108768119A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-06 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Magneto alternator and permanent magnetism synchronous wind generating system |
| CN112467913A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Double-winding permanent magnet motor |
| CN113489201A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 南京师范大学 | Wide-high-efficiency-area hybrid linear concentrated winding permanent magnet motor system and control method |
| CN113489201B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-07-29 | 南京师范大学 | Wide-high-efficiency-area hybrid linear concentrated winding permanent magnet motor system and control method |
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