CN102193105A - Anti-seismic early warning instrument for electronic inductance of preseismic characteristic magnetic anomaly - Google Patents
Anti-seismic early warning instrument for electronic inductance of preseismic characteristic magnetic anomaly Download PDFInfo
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- CN102193105A CN102193105A CN2010101212080A CN201010121208A CN102193105A CN 102193105 A CN102193105 A CN 102193105A CN 2010101212080 A CN2010101212080 A CN 2010101212080A CN 201010121208 A CN201010121208 A CN 201010121208A CN 102193105 A CN102193105 A CN 102193105A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-seismic early warning instrument for the electronic inductance of preseismic characteristic magnetic anomaly. The invention relates to the field of earthquake early warning, more particularly to an anti-seismic early warning instrument for inducing geomagnetic variation through electronic magnetic measurement and capable of measuring and analyzing preseismic magnetic anomaly change. The anti-seismic early warning instrument is composed of a magnetic flux/magnetic resistance sensor, a cooperation circuit, a magnetic signal central processor, a liquid crystal screen for displaying magnetic change and an alarm. The magnetic flux/magnetic resistance sensor inductively monitors the change of a geomagnetic field, a geomagnetic variation signal is converted to an electric signal, and on the one hand, the geomagnetic variation signal is compared with historical data and output to the liquid crystal display screen for displaying the change of geomagnetic field, on the other hand, calculation is performed by a seismo-magnetic relation characteristic algorithm, and when the resultant calculation result accords with magnetic anomaly characteristics and a preset alarm threshold, sound and light alarm is triggered. The anti-seismic early warning instrument disclosed by the invention has wide applicable scope, is sensitive and accurate in preseismic geomagnetic early warning, and can realize the function of anti-seismic early warning.
Description
One: technical field
The present invention relates to the earthquake pre-warning field, it is characterized in that a kind ofly surveying before magnetic induction and the Measurement and analysis earthquake singularly with electronics that magnetic signal carries out the device that imminent earthquake is reported to the police.
Two: background technology
Earthquake prediction accurately still is a world-famous puzzle now, is difficult to be used as the basis of imminent earthquake early warning in the seismic study based on the parameter index of seismometry research.Under the also difficult reality of accomplishing of earthquake prediction accurately,, can greatly reduce the earthquake calamity loss if can realize that the weak point before the earthquake faces early warning with effective means and instrument.Have both at home and abroad at present survey the shake principle utilize the seismic event P-S ripple mistiming, send earthquake alarm by the compressional wave P that passes to after the exploration seismic generation in advance, but not enough is in the arrival that causes this warning in the heaviest epicentral area of disaster and disaster almost is synchronous generation, regional resulting beyond in the earthquake centre also only is several pre-warning times in second, be difficult to allow the people have the enough time to carry out the preparation of shockproof danger-evading, the practical function deficiency of the shockproof early warning that is risen.
Shockproof early warning needs the prior-warning device that the longer time can be provided.The investigation of research earthquake historical data and science finds that more and more evidences shows, before the violent earthquake significantly magnetic anomaly can occur in before the earthquake several minutes to a few hours.As before 2008 5.12 days Wenchuan special violent earthquakes, Beichuan county, magistoseismic area has the masses to find from more than 6 hour before the earthquake before the earthquake more than 10 minute, the locality has occurred comprising that the pigeon compass of getting lost is partial to the disorderly phenomenon of the needle irregular movement of compass even the serious magnetic field of turn-taking unusually.According to " NATURE " magazine report, 9 grades of violent earthquakes took place in U.S. Alaska in 1964, and the USGS researchist of US Geological Survey is preceding more than 1 hour in shake, noted violent magnetic variationization before the earthquake near the earthquake centre.The a few hours of magnetic field ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS before earthquake just take place, adopt the method for surveying the magnetic early warning to report to the police compared with the P-S rolling land shake of surveying the shake principle, and more abundant enough pre-warning times can be provided.
The induction GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE is monitored and is measured the magnetic anomaly before the earthquake, and being used for earthquake pre-warning has become possibility.The shockproof early warning of earth magnetism can overcome seismic wave and be created in earthquake generation natural restriction afterwards, takes advantage on Timing Advance.The needle of existing guide for use pin is complied with design and the trial that field variation shakes preceding magnetic anomaly observation early warning both at home and abroad, but this survey magnetic mode is because the mechanical property of needle and the difference of manufacturing process can influence its reaction to magnetic field, as what of the needle amount of magnetizing, the geomery difference, needle and fulcrum friction factor and needle motion for shake before factors such as the different response of magnetic anomaly signal frequency is restricted, all affect the reaction of hand motion to local magnetic field, as drift angle and inclination angle change with earthquake before the magnetic anomaly variation can not be fully corresponding, the changes of magnetic field that unusual fluctuation is responded to according to compass, be difficult to carry out the calculating of number reason and the comparative analysis of magnetic anomaly signal, influence effective seismic survey and imminent earthquake early warning thus.Electronics is surveyed magnetic technology can overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned compass mechanical property influences the needle motion, use the magnetic field induction sensor of fluxgate and magnetic resistance, can realize wideer frequency response range at the feature of earth magnetism abnormal signal, sensitivity and resolution are higher, and on manufacturing process, can avoid difference with standardization, the induction of magnetic signal is accomplished to quantize accurately, can be developed into the shockproof early warning instrument of surveying the magnetic better effects if.
Use the electronics of fluxgate and magnetic resistance to survey magnetic technology detection sensor terrestrial magnetic field, be widely used in aviation, space flight, navigation, mine locating, fields such as navigation, the measurement of magnetic direction and intensity is quite ripe over the ground for the electronics magnetic measurement apparatus technically, the also enough miniaturizations of element, precision is unusual height also, but in the past because shake magnetic concerns that research does not break through, the quantitative relationship of magnetic anomaly size before academic research was not established magnitude of earthquake in the past and shaken, shook the research of magnetic relation only stays in the understanding of seismomagnetic effect theoretical model and the analysis of professional Geomagnetic Station data in the past, do not use actual earthquake pre-warning, survey the professional earth magnetism measuring platform station of magnetic technology even adopt electronics, because it surveys the characteristics algorithm that magnetic machine does not include shake magnetic relation, also can't carry out real-time Treatment Analysis, just play the effect of record magnetic anomaly signal data before the distinctive shake.We analyze by the shake example and a large amount of earthquake region geomagnetic datas are studied, fastened clearly the spatial-temporal distribution characteristic of magnetic anomaly before the shake in shake magnetic pass, and established magnitude of earthquake and the terrestrial magnetic field number reason relation between unusual, this makes the preceding geomagnetic anomaly of shake to be quantized and is mapped with earthquake, when surveying magnetic induction monitoring geomagnetic anomaly with survey magnetic susceptibility and the good electronics of resolving power, can find out the preceding geomagnetic disturbance of earthquake has the magnetic anomaly information of early warning meaning, in time makes the early warning reaction.
The shake magnetic of studying along with shake magnetic that is deeply brought concerns new development, and the development of magnetic detection technology, the maturation of electronic technology utilizes the earthquake of earth magnetism monitoring and warning to become more and more real and easy, the validity of early warning and reliability also are better than other means, and technical costs is also more and more lower.Characteristic magnetic anomaly signal carries out magnetic field monitoring and early warning before the present invention is directed to earthquake, can be for the civilian and shockproof early warning seismic study specialty.Meet the reinforcement mass presdiction and disaster prevention that state's laws are advocated, realize the requirement of protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters.
Three: summary of the invention
The GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE that the present invention adopts electronics survey magnetic and computing to meet the preceding magnetic anomaly signal characteristic of shake is carried out shockproof early warning, it is a kind of practical that purpose is to provide, sensitive and accurate, good with magnetic anomaly corresponding relation before the shake, easy to operate electronics is surveyed the device that the preceding magnetic variationization of magnetic induction shake is carried out the imminent earthquake early warning.The present invention not only provides than using the enough abundant pre-warning time of seismic event principle P-S ripple early warning, and surveying on the magnetic mode, overcome of the restriction of the earth induction precaution device of common compass principle fully because of the needle mechanical property and the response frequency scope of compass, the preceding magnetic variationization of the corresponding shake in drift angle and inclination angle that produces its needle movement display is inaccurate, reacts deficiency insensitive and that influence is reported to the police for fine changes of magnetic field.
Electronics of the present invention is surveyed magnetic and is partly used the electronics survey magnetic cell magnetoresistive transducer and the magnetic flux transducer of magnetic field induction sensitivity, effectively the terrestrial magnetic field abnormal signal before the perception earthquake over the ground.Magnetic flux is surveyed Magnetic Sensor and is used high magnetic permeability to have the metal magnetic core of low-coercivity again, be wound with primary coil and secondary coil, under excitatory effect, the magnetic core magnetization that in low-intensity magnetic field, just can reach capacity, the electromotive force feature that the inductive coil appearance becomes with environmental magnetic field intensity, to import magnetic flux by high performance filtering circuit measurement even-order harmonic component then and convert corresponding voltage with it to, the output voltage difference of two secondary coils is directly proportional with the rate of change of magnetic flux, measures this voltage and changes the terrestrial magnetic field as can be known.When requiring higher condition for the magnetic variation induction, can add with magnetoresistive transducer to fainter shake before the magnetic anomaly signal change and monitor.Magnetoresistive transducer utilizes its variation of interior metal resistance in magnetic field, as externally-applied magnetic field when parallel with the direction of magnetization of magnetic metal inside, the resistance of metal does not have to change substantially, but during externally-applied magnetic field deviation in driction metal inside direction of magnetization, the characteristic that metallic resistance reduces, produce different voltage, therefore can monitor the changes of magnetic field of environment of living in.Fluxgate and magnetoresistive transducer are just very sensitive for shaking the small unusual magnetic signal that began to occur before preceding a few hours, and electronics is surveyed magnetic and had the characteristic of the linear output of high sensitivity, can satisfy the requirement of differentiating the magnetic anomaly signal that is low to moderate 10 nanoteslas fully.
Use the survey Magnetic Sensor of magnetic resistance and fluxgate sensitivity, because its resolving power height, the measurement magnetic field range is wide, the reliable good reproducibility of measurement result, can directly measure the advantages such as component in magnetic field, just be suitable for the real-time monitoring that the terrestrial magnetic field changes, with terrestrial magnetic field Z, H, the relative and absolute size signal of F component is converted into electric signal, by amplifying circuit signal is amplified enhancing, by filtering circuit basic interference is removed, simultaneously signal storage is got up, in field signal data processing centre (DPC), one side and historical data contrast utilize shake magnetic to concern that the preceding magnetic anomaly signal characteristic algorithm of characteristic shake of progress gained calculates on the other hand.The unusual performance obviously of magnetic anomaly variation Z component on the frequency of minute luffing before the shake, and performance is not obvious on the H component.Shake the result of calculation of preceding magnetic anomaly research calculates according to us, employing has comprised energy attenuation inverse square relation, magnetic signal adds unloading response ratio and transfer function, the particular algorithm of measuring and calculating magnetic azimuth can be finally inversed by unusual source, magnetic field and size, according to different abnormal frequencies and feature, calculate the condition that shake magnetic concerns earthquake pre-warning that meets.When electronics survey ground magnetic signal result as calculated that magnetic responds to show meet according to the shake magnetic principle push away unusual relation, just trigger sound and light alarm.Balance corrected parameter that is had among the present invention and alarm threshold value setting all can be set by human-computer interaction interface, are used to improve system accuracy.Algorithm bag and historical data all can be upgraded adjustment according to the requirement of varying environment condition.
The shockproof precaution device of characteristic magnetic anomaly comprises one of magnetic sensor module before the electronic induction shake of the present invention, surveys the magnetic part as electronics, and is connected with earth magnetism signal message processing module.Message processing module also comprises two of RAM storeies, as data storage and the temporary usefulness of calculating.The present invention sends the judgement setting of the unusual magnetic signal of early warning for needs, be to carry out according to obtained earthquake centre area magnetic field off-note and the attenuation function formula thereof of abnormal signal The Characteristics that we shake magnetic relation, utilize these relations and historical data can well take a decision as to whether great geology anomalous signals, this algorithm bag and routine package are contained in the magnetic signal message processing module.Message processing module is connected with the LCDs that has backlight that instrument comprises.Electronic digit demonstration on the liquid crystal display reflects changes of magnetic field, and the numeral that direction shows and angle changes that includes simulated pointer on the LCD shows.Message processing module also is connected with alarm module, wherein comprises the LED alarm lamp as light caution and audible alarm.Warning horn adopts existing acousto-optic device or hummer or light emitting diode or electromagnetic shaker, and warning is triggered when having magnetic field to change unusually.The power module of instrument of the present invention comprises each one direct current supply interface and Alternating Current Power Supply interface, for whole device provides the power supply support.The present invention also has a compass module, surveys the auxiliary observation directly perceived to the surrounding magnetic field change of magnetic with machinery.
When electronics was surveyed Magnetic Sensor work, monitoring diaxon or three axial magnetic field sizes obtained the change at magnetic declination and inclination angle according to the variation of magnetic field size and Orientation.For observing monitoring magnetic field ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS, magnetic anomaly changes when taking place before shake with liquid crystal display in the present invention, and circuit signal triggers sound and light alarm.Because circuit and electron device that entire equipment comprises may produce electromagnetic interference (EMI), and equipment is for detecting the equipment in magnetic field, so taked magnetic shielding and circuit magnetic balance design in design.Respond to surrounding magnetic field with electronics survey magnetic such as magnetic flux transducer, response frequency scope to magnetic field is different to the frequency of magnetic responsiveness with compass, the response frequency of mechanical guide pin is low than electronic type generally, and easy electromagnetic wave interference not, therefore the present invention is on the view mode directly perceived to changes of magnetic field, employing can reach wideer frequency adaptation scope with electronic type and mechanical additional mutually.
Utilize the basic step of measuring geomagnetic anomaly triggering warning to be, at first utilize magnetic flux and magnetoresistive transducer and cooperate circuit, terrestrial magnetic field signal data that obtains and history stably magnetic field data are made comparisons, obtain the perturbation amplitude in magnetic field, monitor the changes of magnetic field size and Orientation simultaneously, then these information are calculated by shake magnetic relationship characteristic analytical approach, obtained abnormal index, just trigger sound and light alarm if these abnormal indexes satisfy preset threshold value.
Volume of the present invention is little, installs and uses portable convenient, has overcome that professionally the magnetic measurement instrument is huge, and the shortcoming that is difficult to use can be used in various environment, and family, school, office space can be installed.Have better environmental suitability and data analysis expansibility than large-scale professional magnetic measurement equipment.
Four: description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural map of apparatus of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1001: electronics is surveyed the magnetic module;
1002: the amplifying circuit module;
1003: the filtering circuit module;
1004: central data processor;
1005: liquid crystal magnetic variation display screen;
1006: the sound and light alarm module;
1007: the compass module;
1008: the balance setting;
1009: actual measurement is provided with;
1010: power module.
Fig. 2 is that main modular of the present invention and circuit are formed synoptic diagram.
Among the figure:
2001: magnetic resistance is surveyed magnetic modular circuit part, and the magnetic variation signal is converted to electric signal thus;
2002: the filtering circuit module, remove signal and disturb substantially;
2003: the amplifying circuit module, the magnetic field switching signal is amplified;
2004: supply module, for system provides power supply;
2005: balance stores control module, with data storage and the balance monitoring of accepting and calculating;
2006: magnetic signal computing center processing module, be responsible for handling the magnetic information data;
2007: the audible and visible alarm circuit part, send the sound and light alarm signal.
Fig. 3 is algorithm and the shake magnetic graph of a relation that magnetic signal of the present invention is handled basis.
Fig. 4 is the liquid crystal display synoptic diagram that the present invention shows magnetic variationization.
Among the figure:
4001: the magnetic direction simulation shows;
4002: normally reach the anomalous field character and show;
4003: drift angle, magnetic field numerical value shows;
4004: the mechanical guide pin shows.
Five: embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention surveys the shockproof precaution device of magnetic with the electronics of liquid crystal display and comprises electronics survey magnetic module 1001, with be attached thereto the amplifying circuit 1002 that connects, filtering circuit 1003, by 1001,1002,1003 electronics of forming are surveyed the magnetic part and are connected with central processing unit 1004, central processing unit and LCDs 1005, audible-visual annunciator 1006 is connected.Wherein electronics is surveyed the magnetoresistive transducer survey magnetic device that magnetic module 1001 adopts magnetic flux transducer survey magnetic and higher survey magnetic sensitivity of tool and noiseproof feature, changes the magnetic signal of being responded to into electric signal.Whole instrument comprises that also being connected electronics with power module 1010 surveys the magnetic part, and central processing unit, sound and light alarm and liquid crystal display, power module comprise direct current supply and Alternating Current Power Supply two parts, guarantees the work power supply of system, power-off protection, light current prompting.Survey magnetic balance and be provided with 1008 and be connected with central processing unit, the balance setting is provided, actual measurement is provided with 1009 and is connected with central processing unit, and the setting of survey magnetic is provided.
The present invention surveys under the situation of magnetic induction magnetic direction and size change by electronics, changes of magnetic field is changed the different electric signal of output, magnetic variationization is through the DCP date central processor computational analysis, spread out of liquid crystal display and show that by numeral the direction in magnetic field changes and magnetic signal changes size, when the characteristic magnetic signal that is calculated exceeds the threshold setting of alarm module, just trigger and report to the police.The mechanical guide pin is as observing and survey the servicing unit that the terrestrial magnetic field changes.
Using method of the present invention: with the instrument energized, electronics is surveyed Magnetic Sensor and is detected surrounding magnetic field, after the surrounding magnetic field balance is carried out in the equilibrium code setting, can monitor the terrestrial magnetic field in real time changes, by show and drift angle numeral demonstration with the simulation direction on the liquid crystal display, can observe the changes of magnetic field of monitoring apparatus of the present invention surrounding environment, according to balance parameters that sets and alarm threshold value, terrestrial magnetic field abnormal signal before earthquake is sensed in monitoring surpasses alarm threshold value, promptly trigger audible and visible alarm, as shockproof early warning.
This device can be placed on family or office, and noting does not need complex installation away from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and metal, connect with the mains, set balance parameters and alarm threshold value, can monitor the variation of surrounding magnetic field behind the balance magnetic field, when magnetic anomaly meets preliminary setting parameter, just send audible and visible alarm.
The foregoing description is only enumerated for explanation the present invention, is not to be used to limit the present invention, and the structure of any effects equivalent based on the conversion of the technical program institute all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. shockproof precaution device with characteristic magnetic anomaly before the electronic induction shake, it is characterized in that: with the terrestrial magnetic field is stable background magnetic field, utilize the inductively size and Orientation of magnetic field abnormal disturbances of magnetic flux magnetoresistive transducer, change the terrestrial magnetic field variable signal into electrical signal transfer and give the computational analysis of center processor message processing module, output signal sends LCDs and sound and light alarm to, liquid crystal display shows the direction and the magnetic declination numerical value in magnetic field, when center processor decision magnetic variationization meets the magnetic anomaly of shaking magnetic principle, signal is triggered the shockproof early warning of realization of reporting to the police via sound light alarming circuit.
2. according to the magnetic flux magnetoresistive transducer described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: integrated magnetic flux and magnetoresistive transducer, can monitor the GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE signal more than two, and magnetic signal is converted to electric signal, and be connected with filtering circuit with amplification.
3. according to the magnetic flux magnetoresistive transducer described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: the magnetic declination resolution of its measurement can reach ± 0.5 degree, magnetoresistive transducer induced magnetism anomaly resolution Li Keda 10nT, and the measurement range maximum is to 100000nT.
4. according to geomagnetic anomaly inductor before the shake described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: can the storage tape signal, and according to magnetic anomaly spatial-temporal distribution characteristic before shake magnetic principle and the earthquake, magnetic field variation signal is handled in computational analysis, computing method relate to energy attenuation and are inverse square, add unloading response ratio ground magnetic analysis and vector magnetic azimuth and calculate.
5. survey the survey magnetic imminent earthquake precaution device of magnetic technology induction GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE according to the electronics described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the magnetic direction of described liquid crystal display display simulation shows the character of magnetic direction and the numerical value of demonstration magnetic declination.
6. survey the survey magnetic imminent earthquake precaution device of magnetic technology induction GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE according to the electronics described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described warning horn comprises acousto-optic device or hummer or light emitting diode or Vib..
7. survey the survey magnetic imminent earthquake precaution device of magnetic technology induction GEOMAGNETIC CHANGE according to the electronics described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: have the mechanical guide pin conduct auxiliary finder in magnetic field basically.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102279413A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-12-14 | 深圳市鸿鹄成实业发展有限公司 | Earthquake alarm |
| CN104914459A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-16 | 谢镕键 | Geomagnetic sensor real-time networking short-impending earthquake monitoring system and forecasting method |
| CN108061914A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-05-22 | 甘肃省地震局 | A kind of determination method in Future Earthquakes earthquake centre |
| CN108389365A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-08-10 | 浙江泰集光电科技有限公司 | Earthquake alarming device |
| CN108594315A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏省地震局 | Electromagnetism of Earthquake disturbance observation system and observation procedure based on induction type magnetic sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102279413A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-12-14 | 深圳市鸿鹄成实业发展有限公司 | Earthquake alarm |
| CN104914459A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-16 | 谢镕键 | Geomagnetic sensor real-time networking short-impending earthquake monitoring system and forecasting method |
| CN108061914A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-05-22 | 甘肃省地震局 | A kind of determination method in Future Earthquakes earthquake centre |
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