CN102182867B - 矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法 - Google Patents
矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102182867B CN102182867B CN 201110093817 CN201110093817A CN102182867B CN 102182867 B CN102182867 B CN 102182867B CN 201110093817 CN201110093817 CN 201110093817 CN 201110093817 A CN201110093817 A CN 201110093817A CN 102182867 B CN102182867 B CN 102182867B
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Abstract
本发明涉及浆体的大口径、长距离输送管道敷设,提供了一种矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,管沟分段开挖,包括步骤:1)、设置封闭结构隔断已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟;2)、开挖待开挖段管沟,同时向开挖形成的沟槽内注水,直至完成;3)、将管道两端封闭后移至管沟中,使管道漂浮在水面上;4)、向管道内注水或通过配重将管道压至管沟沟底;5)、回填。利用水的渗透压阻止流沙涌入沟内,通过渗透压挤压、紧实周围沙层,避免沟槽壁的塌方、管沟边缘的地陷,方便管沟成型。回填后,注入的水大部分浸入地下,其余因回填挤出地面。因此施工方便、快速且施工成本低。适用于矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设。
Description
矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及浆体的大口径、长距离输送管道敷设,尤其是一种矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法。
背景技术
[0002] 大口径、长距离的浆体管道广泛运用于矿石输送,尤其是位置偏远的矿山。浆体管道线路根据地形、地势进行布置,力求顺直以减少线路长度和避免转弯过多,线路选择应避免经过地形起伏过大地区,尽量减少泵站数量和加速流的产生;线路应尽可能避开滑坡、崩塌、沉陷、泥石流、沼泽、流沙层等地质不良地区,地震烈度大于七度地区的活动断裂带及人口稠密区。但无论是采用地上明敷穿越地质不良地区,还是改线绕过地质不良地区,均会导致成本的急剧上升。 [0003] 流沙层地段,一般地表地耐力能满足重型机械行走,挖开表层后,表层以下均为流沙层。开挖管沟时,大量流沙涌入沟槽内,沟槽壁塌方严重,沟槽开口能达到几米甚至更多,管沟边缘几米范围内易出现地陷,使管沟成型困难。针对在流沙层地段的施工,目前仅公开了某市政工程流沙层地基的处理工艺,即深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩,28天后再对成桩进行检测。但针对大口径长距离矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设,还未发现相关的文献报道。由于大口径长距离管矿浆道地域广阔,采用上述深层搅拌桩和高压旋喷桩的处理工艺,成本太闻。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种施工方便、快速且施工成本低的矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法。
[0005] 本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,在整个流沙层地段管沟分段开挖,并包括如下步骤:1)、设置封闭结构隔断已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟;2)、开挖待开挖段管沟,同时向开挖形成的沟槽内注水,直至完成待开挖段管沟的开挖;3)、将管道两端封闭后移至管沟中,使管道漂浮在水面上;4)、向管道内注水或通过配重将管道压至管沟沟底;5)、回填。
[0006] 进一步的,在所述步骤2)中,控制开挖速度并保证水位始终保持与地表相平。
[0007] 进一步的,在所述步骤3)中,向管沟内补水并保证水位始终保持与地表相平。
[0008] 进一步的,所述封闭结构是夯土坝。
[0009] 进一步的,在所述步骤I)中,在已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟相邻的一端端头设置封闭结构。
[0010] 进一步的,所述每段管沟的长度为300〜500m。
[0011] 本发明的有益效果是:通过注水,在整个开挖和埋管过程中,利用水的重力产生的渗透压阻止流沙涌入沟槽内,并通过渗透压对管沟周围沙层的挤压,紧实沙层,水能起到很好的护壁作用,避免了沟槽壁的塌方、管沟边缘的地陷,方便管沟成型。埋管及回填时,注入的水绝大部分浸入地下,极少部分因回填挤出地面。因此施工方便、快速且施工成本低。具体实施方式
[0012] 下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
[0013] 本发明的矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,在整个流沙层地段管沟分段开挖,并包括如下步骤:1)、设置封闭结构隔断已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟;2)、开挖待开挖段管沟,同时向开挖形成的沟槽内注水,直至完成待开挖段管沟的开挖;3)、将管道两端封闭后移至管沟中,使管道漂浮在水面上;4)、向管道内注水或通过配重将管道压至管沟沟底;5)、回填。其中,在所述步骤4)中,为方便操作,保护管道,最好的,采用鞍型配重将管道压至管沟沟底。
[0014] 为了保证在开挖过程中,整个沟槽壁均受渗透压的作用,在所述步骤2)中,控制开挖速度并保证水位始终保持与地表相平。为了保证在埋管过程中,整个沟槽壁均受渗透·压的作用,在所述步骤3)中,向管沟内补水并保证水位始终保持与地表相平。
[0015] 当开挖沟槽呈V型并坡度较为平缓时,水位也可以低于地表。但水位始终保持与地表相平,除了可以使得整个沟槽壁均受渗透压的作用外,还可以通过漫出的水渗透入管沟边缘的沙层,进一步紧实周围的沙层,避免管沟边缘的地陷。
[0016] 为了方便施工,所述封闭结构是夯土坝。进一步的,在起始的第一段,可以在相邻的非流沙层留2〜3m不开挖,夯实后直接作为夯土坝。
[0017] 为了在敷设完成后,浆体管道在使用过程中的位置稳定性,回填料应避免使用有机物、骨灰、垃圾、盐碱土、石头、易氧化矿物质等松散、易变形的回填物料。最好采用粘土、拌合土等夯实填充。
[0018] 上述封闭结构可以在开挖一小段后设置在待开挖段管沟内,但最好的,在所述步骤I)中,在已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟相邻的一端端头设置封闭结构,能利用上述夯土坝直接构成部分的回填夯土层,进一步加快施工进度。
[0019] 由于需要设置封闭结构,因此每段管沟的长度越短,施工效率越低;同时,考虑到水的渗透量,每段管沟的长度越长,注水量越大、开挖速度越低,施工越困难。因此,最好的,所述每段管沟的长度为300〜500m。
Claims (4)
1.矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,在整个流沙层地段管沟分段开挖,并包括如下步骤: 1)、设置封闭结构隔断已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟; 2)、开挖待开挖段管沟,同时向开挖形成的沟槽内注水,控制开挖速度并保证水位始終保持与地表相平,直至完成待开挖段管沟的开挖; 3)、将管道两端封闭后移至管沟中,使管道漂浮在水面上,向管沟内补水并保证水位始终保持与地表相平; 4)、向管道内注水或通过配重将管道压至管沟沟底; 5)、回填。
2.如权利要求I所述的矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,其特征在于:所述封闭结构是夯土坝。
3.如权利要求2所述的矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤I)中,在已开挖完成的管沟同待开挖段管沟相邻的一端端头设置封闭结构。
4.如权利要求I所述的矿浆管道在流沙层地段的敷设方法,其特征在于:所述每段管沟的长度为300〜500m。
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