CN102181059B - Carboxyl-containing siloxane and high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin compound prepared from same and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carboxyl-containing siloxane and high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin compound prepared from same and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102181059B
CN102181059B CN201110132948.9A CN201110132948A CN102181059B CN 102181059 B CN102181059 B CN 102181059B CN 201110132948 A CN201110132948 A CN 201110132948A CN 102181059 B CN102181059 B CN 102181059B
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carboxyl
siloxanes
epoxy resin
phthalic acid
chloropropyl
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CN102181059A (en
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张墩明
周刚
王政
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses carboxyl-containing siloxane, which is polymethyl-[3-(carboxyl oxyphenylcarbamoyl) propyl] siloxane. In the structural formula of the carboxyl-containing siloxane, two or more phthalic acid monoester bonds are formed among polymer molecular chains, and the number-average molecular weight of the carboxyl-containing siloxane is 870-1,270. A composition formula of a copolymer consisting of the carboxyl-containing siloxane and epoxy resin consists of 100 parts of carboxyl-containing siloxane, 50-120 parts of epoxy resin and 0-5 parts of silane coupling agent. The copolymer consisting of the carboxyl-containing siloxane and the epoxy resin with high heat resistance and better flexibility as well as high adhesive property with materials such as metals and the like by curing the materials at the temperature between 100 DEG C and 200 DEG C for 1-8 hours. The invention discloses a preparation method of the carboxyl-containing siloxane.

Description

A kind of high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin composition and method for making thereof that contains carboxyl siloxanes and its composition
Technical field
The present invention relates to contain the high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin composition of carboxyl siloxanes and its composition.
Background technology
Siloxanes and polysiloxane are the special organic polymer synthetic materialss of a kind of performance, have very important status in modern synthetic materials.Siloxanes and polysiloxane have the character of many uniquenesses, such as thermostability, oxidation-resistance, snappiness, lower surface tension, gas permeability, excellent electric property, hydrophobic nature, biologically inert, and moisture resistance etc., these characteristics make siloxanes and polysiloxane obtain using very widely.But its mechanical property is relatively poor, and sticking power is relatively poor, the more high drawbacks limit of production cost its use in specific application area.Main chain or side-chain radical to siloxanes carry out modification, or are used with other polymkeric substance, can overcome some shortcomings of self, improve over-all properties, to adapt to the requirement of industrial application.
Containing the carboxyl siloxanes is a kind of of modified siloxane, has certain purposes, its preparation method has multiple, as the people such as A.Bachrach with the polydimethylsiloxane addition on the two keys of the C=C of unsaturated acid, amine or alcohol, prepare have carboxyl, the polymkeric substance of amino or hydroxyl.These polymkeric substance can with the functional group reactions that is fit in the drug molecule, can be as the carrier of some medicines [referring to BACHRACH A, ZILKHA A. Eur Polym J, 1984,20 (5): 493-500.]; Open the bright grade of pier under Red copper oxide/Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine catalysis, ethyl propenoate or vinyl cyanide and dimethyl dichlorosilane (DMCS) are carried out addition reaction of silicon with hydrogen, generate corresponding ester group chlorosilane, rear and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) copolymerization of hydrolysis, make Carboxyl Modified Polydimethylsiloxane through concentrated hydrochloric acid hydrolysis again, they also carry out the addition of silicon hydrogen with containing hydrogen silicone oil with the 1-methyl undecylenate, then carry out letex polymerization with D4 and obtain the silicone oil of carboxyl emulsion, be used for fabric finishing agent [referring to: a pier is bright, Yan Weilong. organosilicon material and application, 1999, (6): 7-10; It is bright to open pier, Jiang Xiqun, Yang Changzheng. Chinese invention patent, ZL 200410041395.6]; Peace autumn wind etc. with reaction preparation carboxyl siloxanes such as succinyl oxides, is used for the mellowing [referring to peace autumn wind, Lee Lim Saeng, Huang Liangxian, etc. functional polymer, 2001,14(2), 163-168] of fabric with aminosiloxane.
Aspect organosilicon-epoxide resin alloy or copolymerization system, research emphasis is abundant high strength and adhesion property in conjunction with organosilyl resistance to elevated temperatures and toughness and Resins, epoxy, to obtain having the high temperature resistant cured product of certain toughness, be used for high temperature resistant linking agent and coating etc.Because the consistency of organosilicon and Resins, epoxy is very poor, need add during blending modification method the 3rd component [referring to Cheng Bin, Shang Xiaoqin. thermosetting resin, 1991,5(3): 7; Chu Jiurong. the polymer circular, 1999,6(2): 66]; The polysiloxane that contains alkane (benzene) oxygen base with the Resins, epoxy reaction obtain having good heat resistance, toughness and sticking power contain organosilyl Resins, epoxy, and the poor-performing of water-fast, the acid of the Si-O-C key that wherein contains or alkali; The silane that contains phenolic group reacts with bisphenol A type epoxy resin, with amine or anhydride-cured, can obtain the good cured resin of thermotolerance, water tolerance and toughness, but the silane preparation that contains phenolic group is difficult; The sily oxide and the same bisphenol-a reaction of polysiloxane that contain chloromethyl or chloropropyl, same epichlorohydrin reaction again can obtain containing organosilyl Resins, epoxy [referring to US Patent No. 2997458; Chinese patent ZL 200510041071.7], wherein, two chloropropyl silane end-cappers preparations are complicated, can produce certain by product simultaneously in epoxidation process.
Summary of the invention
This patent provides to contain the siloxanes of chloropropyl and a kind of carboxyl siloxanes that contains of phthalic acid reaction preparation, and provide a kind of described carboxyl siloxanes that contains with the composite formula of Resins, epoxy, have excellent thermotolerance and flexility preferably after composition solidifies, have good adhesiveproperties with the material such as metal.
Basic thought of the present invention is: in non-proton property polar solvent, the siloxanes by containing chloropropyl and excessive phthalic acid carry out condensation reaction and prepare a kind of carboxyl siloxanes that contains.Thisly contain the carboxyl siloxanes and bisphenol A type epoxy resin can react and crosslinking curing, form and have excellent thermotolerance and the cross-linked resin of flexility preferably, have good adhesiveproperties with the material such as metal.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of carboxyl siloxanes that contains, it is poly-methyl-[3-(carboxyl benzene carbonyl oxygen base) propyl group] siloxanes, it has following structural formula:
Figure 9243DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Be contain two or more phthalic acid monoester bond in the middle of the polymer molecular chain contain the carboxyl siloxanes, its number-average molecular weight is 870-1270.
The above-mentioned carboxyl siloxanes that contains, described carboxyl benzene carbonyl oxygen base are the mixtures of 2-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base, 3-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base or 4-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base or above-mentioned both or three's arbitrary proportion.
A kind ofly prepare the above-mentioned method that contains the carboxyl siloxanes, it comprises the following steps:
(1) in aprotic polar solvent, in the presence of the organic amine acid binding agent, chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate and phthalic acid are carried out condensation reaction under the phase-transfer catalyst effect, what obtain containing in the middle of the molecular chain two or more phthalic acid monoester bond contains the carboxyl siloxanes, temperature of reaction is 140~150 ℃, reaction times is 8~20h, and wherein, the amount of substance of phthalic acid is 2~3 times of chloropropyl amount of substance in the chloropropyl siloxanes;
(2) reaction mixture with step (1) gained carries out suction filtration, organic ammonium salt except the dereaction generation, rotary evaporation goes out aprotic polar solvent, and then with the acidifying of gained mixture, washing, drying, use again suitable organic solvent dissolution product, suction filtration, dried filtrate is revolved and is obtained the described carboxyl siloxanes that contains after steaming desolventizing.
The reaction formula of above-mentioned method for making is as follows:
Figure 926384DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, described solvent is aprotic polar solvent, it can increase speed of response, this aprotic polar solvent can be N, dinethylformamide, N, N-N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) etc., its consumption to be making system become the homogeneous phase solution state to be advisable under temperature of reaction, are 3.2~5.6 times of phthalic acid quality.
Above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, and the described organic amine acid binding agent of step 1 is triethylamine or tri-n-butylamine, and its consumption is 1.3 times of amount of substance of chloropropyl in the chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate.
Above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, and the described phthalic acid of step 1 can be terephthalic acid, phthalic acid or m-phthalic acid, or the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of their two kinds or three kinds.The reactive behavior of these phthalic acids does not have obvious difference.
Above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, and the described phase-transfer catalyst of step 1 is bromination tetra-n-butyl ammonium, and its consumption is 0.17~1% of reactant (comprising solvent) total mass.
Above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, and the described organic solvent of step 2 can be ethyl acetate or butylacetate.
In the step of above-mentioned method for making (1), described chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate can be through containing chloropropyl silane hydrolyzate and get, namely under a small amount of hydrochloric acid catalysis, gamma-chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-chloropropyl methyldiethoxysilane or γ-chloropropyl dimethyl dichlorosilane (DMCS) or above both mixture are hydrolyzed.Reaction mixture with gained separates with separating funnel again, and extremely neutral with distilled water and sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution washing again, underpressure distillation desolvation after the drying makes chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate.
Reaction equation is as follows:
Figure 768438DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein, R be-Cl ,-OCH 3,-OCH 2CH 3
The chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate that makes may be ring texture, and the structural unit number is mainly 3~5, also might be the linear body of molecular weight, and its structure does not affect further reaction and invention effect, is referred to as chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate here.
The reaction of step (1) is chloropropyl and the phthalic acid reaction in the chloropropyl siloxane structure unit, in order to make more unreacted carboxyl groups is arranged in the reaction product, when feeding intake, make carboxyl excessive, the control phthalic acid with the ratio of the amount of substance of chloropropyl between 2:1~3:1.
In the step (2) of above-mentioned method for making, when product is separated, remove by filter first the organic amine salt hydrochlorate of generation, then use the Rotary Evaporators removal of solvent under reduced pressure.Be that about 5% hydrochloric acid carries out acidifying to the gained mixture with massfraction again, to remove the organic amine with the carboxyl combination, then be washed with distilled water to neutrality (the water pH=6 after the washing~7), at 100 ℃ of lower baking 1h, add ethyl acetate or butylacetate lysate, after suction filtration is removed insolubles, add anhydrous Na 2SO 4Drying is filtered, and the desolventizing of filtrate rotary evaporation obtains the described carboxyl siloxanes that contains.
Contain carboxyl of the present invention containing in the carboxyl siloxanes, can react with the epoxy group(ing) in the Resins, epoxy and obtain crosslinking curing, and the resin after crosslinked has excellent thermotolerance and flexility preferably, has good adhesiveproperties with the material such as metal.
The above-mentioned composite formula that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer is: contain 100 parts of carboxyl siloxanes, 50~120 parts of Resins, epoxy and 0~5 part of composition of silane coupling agent, they solidify 1~8h under 100~200 ℃ of conditions, namely get have excellent thermotolerance and preferably flexility, and the material such as metal have a good adhesiveproperties contain carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer cross-linked resin.
The above-mentioned composite formula that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer, described Resins, epoxy can be bisphenol A type epoxy resins, and its oxirane value is between the 0.2-0.6, and preferred oxirane value is between the 0.3-0.55.
The above-mentioned composite formula that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer, described silane coupling agent can be 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH-550) or 3-(2, the 3-glycidoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH-560), they play the tackifier effect.
Technological merit of the present invention is:
Method for making of the present invention with some be simple and easy to raw material, prepared through conventional reaction and to have contained the carboxyl siloxanes, need not to use the expensive pair of raw material such as chloropropyl silane end-cappers.
Method for making of the present invention is to introduce the aromatic acid group through the condensation esterification on the side chain of siloxanes, and carboxyl can be with Resins, epoxy generation crosslinking reaction.Because product is the siloxanes of many carboxyl functional groups, so product is during with epoxy resin cure, and the consumption of Resins, epoxy can be regulated in wider scope according to requirements.
Have benefited from the chemical structure that contains the carboxyl siloxanes and the character of the method for the invention preparation, such as part annular siloxane structure, aromatic ester groups etc., and effectively combine the fundamental property of Resins, epoxy, have excellent thermotolerance and flexility preferably after composition solidifies, have good adhesiveproperties with the material such as metal.
The range of application of composition of the present invention is very extensive, as can being used in the application places of ordinary epoxy resin, as is applied to many Application Areass such as seal gum, printed circuit board (PCB) or moulding material, electronic encapsulation material and epoxypaint.In addition, the composition of this siloxanes and Resins, epoxy has good flexility and adhesiveproperties and the excellent resistance to elevated temperatures good to metallic aluminium, stainless steel etc., therefore also be specially adapted to the occasion that those all have higher requirements to flexility and adhesiveproperties simultaneously, or some use under hot environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: thermogravimetric (TG) curve of the cross-linked resin after embodiment 5 compositions solidify under the nitrogen atmosphere.
Embodiment
Below by some specific embodiments the specific embodiment of the invention is further elaborated.
Synthesizing of embodiment 1. chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzates
In 1000 ml four-necked bottles, add 200 ml distilled water, adding several concentrated hydrochloric acids in the four-necked bottle, to make pH value of water solution be 2, stir lower, by dropping funnel to the mixing solutions that wherein drips 200 ml gamma-chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilanes and 200 ml ether, dropping is finished about 30 min, dropwise in stirring at room and react 2 h, be warmed up to again 40 ℃ and continue reaction 2.5 h.Reaction is left standstill after finishing, and tells organic layer, uses respectively 20ml extracted with diethyl ether water layer twice, and merges with organic layer.Organic layer washs to neutrality with distilled water and sodium bicarbonate, uses an amount of anhydrous Na again 2SO 4Drying, placement is spent the night.Dried organic layer is filtered, and filtrate is transferred in the 500 ml round-bottomed flasks, and heating steams ether, obtains having the chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate of certain viscosity, and quality is 155.20 g.
Through the Switzerland DPX300 of BRUKER company type nmr determination, chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate compound 1H NMR is: chemical shift δ: 3.55 ppm(8H ,-CH 2-Cl), 1.84 ppm(8H ,-CH 2-), 0.72 ppm(8H ,-CH 2-Si), 0.17 ppm(12H, Si-CH 3), prove chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate.
Embodiment 2. contains the preparation I of carboxyl siloxanes
Add 99.68 g terephthalic acids, 320 g DMFs, 30.36 g triethylamines in 1000 ml four-necked bottles, heated and stirred is to fully dissolving.Be warming up to 130 ℃, add 5 g bromination tetra-n-butyl ammoniums, after stirring, drip 27.33 g chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzates with dropping funnel, at 140~150 ℃ of lower reaction 8 h.After having reacted, remove by filter the organic ammonium salt of generation, then removing most DMF solvents with Rotary Evaporators decompression, is that 5% hydrochloric acid carries out acidifying to the gained mixture with concentration again, to remove the organic amine with the carboxyl combination, then be washed with distilled water to neutrality (the water pH=6 after the washing~7), at 100 ℃ of lower baking 1h, add 300 mL acetic acid ethyl dissolution products, after suction filtration is removed insolubles, add anhydrous Na 2SO 4Dried filtrate, last rotary evaporation desolventizing obtains containing carboxyl siloxanes 30.91g, and its number-average molecular weight is 920.
Through the Switzerland DPX300 of BRUKER company type nmr determination, compound: δ: 8.00ppm(16H, m, Ph-H), 4.19ppm(8H, s ,-CH 2-O-), 1.74ppm(8H, s ,-CH 2-), 0.62ppm(8H, s ,-CH 2-Si), 0.10ppm(12H, s, Si-CH 3), prove and contain the carboxyl siloxanes
Use the 0.1mol/L standard solution of sodium hydroxide, titration makes contains the carboxyl siloxanes, and the carboxyl-content that records product is 0.34mol/100g.
Embodiment 3. contains the preparation II of carboxyl siloxanes
Add 120 g m-phthalic acids, 450 g methyl-sulphoxides, 30.36g triethylamine in the 1000ml four-necked bottle, heated and stirred is to fully dissolving.Be warming up to 130 ℃, add 3 g bromination tetra-n-butyl ammoniums, after stirring, drip 27.33 g chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzates with dropping funnel, at 140~150 ℃ of lower reaction 10 h.After having reacted, remove by filter the organic ammonium salt of generation, then remove most methyl-sulphoxides with the Rotary Evaporators decompression, be that 5% hydrochloric acid carries out acidifying to the gained mixture with concentration again, to remove the organic amine with the carboxyl combination, then be washed with distilled water to neutrality (the water pH=6 after the washing~7), at 100 ℃ of lower baking 1h, add the butylacetate lysate of 350mL, after suction filtration is removed insolubles, add anhydrous Na 2SO 4Dried filtrate, last rotary evaporation desolventizing obtains containing carboxyl siloxanes 25.54 g, and its number-average molecular weight is 870.
Use the 0.1mol/L standard solution of sodium hydroxide, titration makes contains the carboxyl siloxanes, and the carboxyl-content that records product is 0.31mol/100g.
Embodiment 4. contains the preparation III of carboxyl siloxanes
Add 80 g phthalic acids, 450 g N,N-dimethylacetamide, 30.36g triethylamine in the 1000ml four-necked bottle, heated and stirred is to fully dissolving.Be warming up to 130 ℃, add 1 g bromination tetra-n-butyl ammonium, after stirring, drip 27.33 g chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzates with dropping funnel, at 140~150 ℃ of lower reaction 20 h.Repeat embodiment 2 operations, obtain containing carboxyl siloxanes 24.24g, its number-average molecular weight is 1270, and the carboxyl-content of product is 0.29mol/100g.
Embodiment 5. application experiments 1.
In clean tetrafluoroethylene mould, take by weighing in proportion that embodiment 2 obtains contain the carboxyl siloxanes, (blue star Wuxi resin processing plant produces WSR618 type Resins, epoxy, oxirane value 0.51), and an amount of solvent DMF, stir and make its whole dissolvings, take a morsel, thin and be coated in equably the end on the stainless steel substrates surface of crossing and cleaning up with ethanol (or acetone) with sand papering, the alignment of the cemented surface of two stainless steel substrates, compress, clamp with iron clamp.The residue sample is retained in the tetrafluoroethylene mould.Baking oven is put in above-mentioned stainless steel test piece and tetrafluoroethylene mould, first at 150 ℃ of lower 1h that solidify, at 180 ℃ of lower 4h that solidify, taken out after the cooling again.Sample in the tetrafluoroethylene mould is cut the making dumbbell plate.Carry out performance test.Prescription and correlated performance see Table one.
Resin carries out thermogravimetric (TG) analysis after solidifying in the tetrafluoroethylene mould, and thermogravimetric curve is seen accompanying drawing 1 as a result.As can be seen from Figure 1, in the analytic process, composition of the present invention does not almost have mass loss in 0~350 ℃, and during temperature to 700 ℃, mass loss rate is 35.88%, has good resistance toheat.
Embodiment 6~14. Application experiment 2~10.
Change composite formula, repeat embodiment 5, prescription and correlated performance see Table one.
Table one contains prescription and the performance of carboxyl siloxanes and composition epoxy resin
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004

Claims (10)

1. one kind contains the carboxyl siloxanes, it is characterized in that: it is poly-methyl-[3-(carboxyl benzene carbonyl oxygen base) propyl group] siloxanes, and it has following structural formula:
Figure 475135DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Be contain two or more phthalic acid monoester bond in the middle of the polymer molecular chain contain the carboxyl siloxanes, its number-average molecular weight is 870-1270.
2. the carboxyl siloxanes that contains according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described carboxyl benzene carbonyl oxygen base is the mixture of 2-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base, 3-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base or 4-carboxyl phenyl carbonyl oxygen base or above-mentioned both or three's arbitrary proportion.
3. one kind prepares the method that contains the carboxyl siloxanes claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) in aprotic polar solvent, in the presence of the organic amine acid binding agent, chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate and phthalic acid are carried out condensation reaction under the phase-transfer catalyst effect, what obtain containing in the middle of the molecular chain two or more phthalic acid monoester bond contains the carboxyl siloxanes, temperature of reaction is 140~150 ℃, reaction times is 8~20h, and wherein, the amount of substance of phthalic acid is 2~3 times of chloropropyl amount of substance in the chloropropyl siloxanes;
(2) reaction mixture with step (1) gained carries out suction filtration, organic ammonium salt except the dereaction generation, rotary evaporation goes out aprotic polar solvent, and then with the acidifying of gained mixture, washing, drying, use again the organic solvent dissolution product, suction filtration, dried filtrate is revolved and is obtained the described carboxyl siloxanes that contains after steaming desolventizing.
4. above-mentioned preparation contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes according to claim 3, and it is characterized in that: described aprotic polar solvent is DMF, N,N-dimethylacetamide or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and its consumption is 3.2~5.6 times of phthalic acid quality.
5. preparation according to claim 3 contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, it is characterized in that: the described organic amine acid binding agent of step 1 is triethylamine or tri-n-butylamine, and its consumption is 1.3 times of amount of substance of chloropropyl in the chloropropyl siloxanes hydrolyzate.
6. preparation according to claim 3 contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, it is characterized in that: the described phthalic acid of step 1 is terephthalic acid, phthalic acid or m-phthalic acid, or the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of their two kinds or three kinds.
7. preparation according to claim 3 contains the method for carboxyl siloxanes, it is characterized in that: the described phase-transfer catalyst of step 1 is bromination tetra-n-butyl ammonium, and its consumption is 0.17~1% of reactant total mass.
8. composition that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it forms by containing 0~5 part of 100 parts of carboxyl siloxanes, 50~120 parts of Resins, epoxy and silane coupling agent, they solidify 1~8h under 100~200 ℃ of conditions, namely get have thermotolerance and with the material adhesive performance such as metal contain carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer.
9. the composition that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described Resins, epoxy is bisphenol A type epoxy resin, its oxirane value is between the 0.2-0.6.
10. the composition that contains carboxyl siloxanes and epoxy resin copolymer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described silane coupling agent is 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or 3-(2, the 3-glycidoxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane.
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