The active method of colouring of the color sand of a kind of realization vitreous
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-temperature colouring process of color sand, belong to building field, particularly a kind of by color sand sintering oven of internal heat type and process matched therewith parameter thereof, realize the active method of colouring of the color sand of vitreous.
Background technology
Color sand is divided into natural colour sand and artificial color sand.Natural colour sand is to obtain through the natural coloured ore of direct destruction, most of natural colour sand color and luster chaos, and intensity difference, differentiation easily, a little less than the sticking power, and minority natural colour sand bright in colour costs an arm and a leg, and limitation is big.Artificial color sand is to obtain through coating colored coating on the mineral grain surface; Be characterized in that color even, color are lucid and lively, can process according to the color demand, thereby prepare colourful color sand kind; Satisfy people's different demands, in building and ornament materials, occupy very consequence.。The classical production process of artificial color sand mainly contains three kinds: first kind, and the organic dye dyeing method; Second kind, the resin solidification method; The third high-temperature sintering process.But adopt the color sand of above-mentioned three kinds of methods preparation all to have defective in various degree: in the first method, the not ageing-resistant also not anti-rain-out of organic dye, fugitive color.Second method is to be coated on the silica sand top layer with the mixed with resin inorganic color; Baking-curing is painted under 200~300 ℃ of temperature then; The color sand of this method preparation exists and is prone to aging, fugitive color, painted uneven problem; Because the sticker of its use costs an arm and a leg, increased the preparation cost of color sand simultaneously.
The third method is that mineral dye and silica sand are mixed, be integral through high temperature sintering, then through broken, sieve into color sand finished product.But the third method prepares the technology of color sand is that all right ripe at present, is external-heat kiln body because agglomerating plant adopts, and non-rotatable heating.The base-material that hangs up properly mill base is directly dropped into the kiln body; The static sintering that carries out, the color sand behind the sintering is united and is one-piece construction, also needs fragmentation once more, screening could form independently color sand particle; So not only strengthened and produced power consumption; The quality of the extrinsic color shell of color sand also can flaw occur in the process of fragmentation, even causes whole color sand broken, becomes imperfections.Secondly, be external-heat kiln body because it adopts, reach the agglomerating purpose through adding the heating kiln wall; Not only caused the waste of thermal source, it is out of contior too high also to have limited sintering temperature, if temperature has reached the fusing point of base-material; Base-material in mill base integument the inside will melt so, directly causes becoming color sand particle, if temperature does not reach or just reached the fusing point threshold value of base-material; The mill base integument can only be the simple base-material top layer that sticks to so, scrubs and will peel off or fade through wind and rain.
For addressing the above problem, we have developed a kind of durable color sand sintering process that does not fade again through a large amount of experiments.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve prior art and prize the sand sintering process because agglomerating plant and technology limitation; The technical problem of the not anti-rain-out of the color sand that obtains, fugitive color; Sintering process to existing color sand improves; Provide the color sand of a kind of realization vitreous active method of colouring, made the look film and the base-material top layer that reach the glass fluidised form interpenetrate, bond together the color sand adventitia of formation vitreous.
The present invention for realizing the technical scheme that goal of the invention adopts is; The active method of colouring of the color sand of a kind of realization vitreous; The base-material that present method is based on envelope look film carries out the technological process that dynamic sinter forms vitreous look film; Its key is: said method realizes heating in the Flow of Goods and Materials by color sand sintering oven, and temperature of charge forms along the stove axis in the control stove: the stepped appearance change curve of intensifications-Se film incipient melting-dynamic maintenance-cooling, be changed in the thermograde in dynamic maintenance stage and be higher than initial melting temperature 20-50 ℃; The process matched therewith parameter comprises that 3~10 ° at kiln body inclination angle, 5~30 rev/mins of kiln body rotating speeds, mass flow are 50~250kg/h.
Adopt the active painted key of present method to be: the cooperatively interacting of notch cuttype change curve that forms along the stove axis and kiln body inclination angle, kiln body rotating speed, four parameters of mass flow, four is indispensable.Kiln body inclination angle, kiln body rotating speed and mass flow are to realize Flow of Goods and Materials, and purpose is to avoid in the hot environment of sintering oven body, and the material bonding is united, and reduces color chiltern amount.The mobile of material is the notch cuttype change curve that forms along the stove axis in order to cooperate, and makes streams just in time accomplish a sintering period T through whole notch cuttype change curve.
Adopt the color sand of the present invention's preparation, color and luster is vivid, and color is bright and beautiful, and the ageing-resistant performance of color sand has obtained improving greatly; Can guarantee to adopt the color sand base-material or the pigment of heterogeneity all can prepare superior in quality color sand by the change curve of the strict controlled temperature gradient fields of present method simultaneously through reasonable controlled temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of stepped appearance change curve among the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing, t represents time shaft, temp representation temperature axle, and T represents the sintering period.
Embodiment
The active method of colouring of the color sand of a kind of realization vitreous; The base-material that present method is based on envelope look film carries out the technological process that dynamic sinter forms vitreous look film; Its key is: said method realizes heating in the Flow of Goods and Materials by color sand sintering oven, and temperature of charge forms along the stove axis in the control stove: the stepped appearance change curve of intensifications-Se film incipient melting-dynamic maintenance-cooling, be changed in the thermograde in dynamic maintenance stage and be higher than initial melting temperature 20-50 ℃; The process matched therewith parameter comprises that 3~10 ° at kiln body inclination angle, 5~30 rev/mins of kiln body rotating speeds, mass flow are 50~250kg/h.
Above-mentioned base-material is silica sand or glass microballon or fire-resistant building stones, and the mineral dye of employing MOX sintering quality mixes the formation mill base, sticks the oven dry back formation look film on the base-material top layer by the design proportioning with aqueous binders.
Also comprise in the aforesaid method by an electric heating element in the color sand sintering oven realize with the stove axle center be the thermal-arrest point, to stove wall dissipate heat, and control stove axle center temperature is higher than 50~150 ℃ of stove wall temperatures.
The radius of above-mentioned color sand sintering oven is 0.2~0.4m, and length is 3~6m.
The mineral dye of above-mentioned formation mill base major ingredient is beramic color or glass pigment.
Controlling color sand sintering oven opening for feed temperature and be 80~150 ℃, discharge port temperature is 350~800 ℃; The setting of the concrete parameter of temperature of charge in described dynamic maintenance stage is to divide with the concrete composition of mill base major ingredient and base-material; Be base-material with silica sand, be the mill base major ingredient with the beramic color; Dynamically the temperature of charge variation range in maintenance stage is (700~1300)+(20~50) ℃; Be base-material with the glass microballon, be the mill base major ingredient with the glass pigment, the temperature of charge variation range that dynamically keeps the stage is (450~700)+(20~50) ℃.
In the above-mentioned method, the stepped appearance change curve has been represented a sintering period T, and this sintering period, T was 10~30min.
Above-mentioned streams is through dynamically the time in maintenance stage was controlled at 3~7 minutes.
The key of present method is by the color sand agglomerating plant of the internal heat type of independent research and the temperature gradient field of formation and the setting of process matched therewith parameter, realizes the Flow of Goods and Materials heating, forms color sand vitreous adventitia.Adopt present method to realize that the active painted place that is superior to prior art of the color sand of vitreous is: prior art is because agglomerating plant and technology limitation; Its sintering temperature can only be controlled at surperficial mill base and just reach the beginning melt; But can not continue to heat up keeps, because at the melting temperature of mill base fusing point near glass microballon, if keep this temperature heating; Glass microballon will be melted into the glass fluidised form; Finally cause and can not form color sand by sintering, if do not keep this melting temperature, the pigment in the mill base also can only be many independently simple top layers that stick to base-material of particle like this; And this technology can be by the color sand agglomerating plant of internal heat type; By material inlet to going out the thermal field that interruption-forming has thermograde; At first reach the temperature of look film incipient melting, and dynamically keep this melting temperature, until the complete vitreous of look film in this dynamic maintenance stage of flowing through and infiltrate the base-material top layer, form intermediate adhesive layer through preheating section; The color sand of finished product also can not decoloured going through in hundreds of years, and promptly said activity is painted in present method.Said dynamic sinter has two layers of meaning in present method, and one is meant and in Flow of Goods and Materials, carries out heat-agglomerating, and two are meant that the temperature gradient field that in by color sand sintering oven, changes carries out sintering.
Adopt the color sand of the present invention's preparation, color and luster is vivid, and color is bright and beautiful, and the ageing-resistant performance of color sand can obtain improving greatly; Can guarantee to adopt the color sand base-material or the pigment of heterogeneity all can prepare superior in quality color sand by the change curve of the strict controlled temperature gradient fields of present method simultaneously through reasonable controlled temperature.
The present invention in the specific implementation; At first it is emphasized that; Adopt the active painted key of present method to be: the cooperatively interacting of notch cuttype change curve that forms along the stove axis and kiln body inclination angle, kiln body rotating speed, four parameters of mass flow, four is indispensable.Kiln body inclination angle, kiln body rotating speed and mass flow are to realize Flow of Goods and Materials, and purpose is to avoid in the hot environment of sintering oven body, and the material bonding is united, and reduces color chiltern amount.The mobile of material is the notch cuttype change curve that forms along the stove axis in order to cooperate, and makes streams just in time accomplish a sintering period T through whole notch cuttype change curve.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is an embodiment of stepped appearance change curve among the present invention, is to be the specific embodiment that base-material is realized present method with the glass microballon.Transverse axis is represented time shaft t, vertical pivot representation temperature axle temp, the materials flow of T representative the kiln body is accomplished through rank a sintering period T, sintering period T and the supporting setting of kiln body length.Kiln body inclination angle is set is 3 °, kiln body rotating speed and be 20 rev/mins, inlet amount is 120kg/h.The glass microballon of band Coloured film integument gets into color sand sintering oven body; When flowing through the temperature rise period of notch cuttype change curve; Temperature of charge also heats up thereupon, persistently overheating 3~5 minutes until reaching look film 590 ℃ of fusing points just; The look film of this moment begins fusing and since the look film just fusing point be not easy control, so get into the dynamic maintenance stage, make the temperature in dynamic maintenance stage be higher than the first fusing point of look film; Persistently overheating in the dynamic maintenance stage, but top temperature also only is to be higher than 20 ℃ of the first fusing points of look film, promptly 610 ℃; When reaching 610 ℃ of top temperature points, cooling returns to look film fusing point just again, and streams is through dynamically the time in maintenance stage is 2~4 minutes; In the dynamic maintenance stage: in this process that heats up-peak-lower the temperature, the complete vitreous in the top layer of look film and glass microballon also has certain hour to interpenetrate, and forms intermediate adhesive layer; Because the self property of glass microballon can become the glass fluidised form, therefore very soon under the condition of high temperature; In dynamic maintenance stage with 610 ℃ of melting temperatures of being arranged to glass microballon of temperature vertex; Glass microballon is in molten infusible state, makes material this top temperature point of flowing through very soon, avoid glass microballon to be fused into the glass fluidised form.