CN102179620B - Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine - Google Patents
Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102179620B CN102179620B CN201110054176.1A CN201110054176A CN102179620B CN 102179620 B CN102179620 B CN 102179620B CN 201110054176 A CN201110054176 A CN 201110054176A CN 102179620 B CN102179620 B CN 102179620B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种汽车发动机气缸套内壁网纹加工方法及装置，激光枪头、升降和旋转伺服电机、光电编码器、光栅尺各接微控制器，微控制器和光电编码器之间串接四倍频电路；PC机发送控制命令控制升降伺服电机运动，间接带动激光枪头在气缸套中升降；PC机根据光栅尺的反馈脉冲数控制升降伺服电机以给定的速度移动，控制激光枪头在气缸套内壁的横向偏移，比较旋转编码器反馈的脉冲数与N分频脉冲数，微控制器根据光栅尺的反馈脉冲数控制升降伺服电机以PC机给定的速度纵向移动；以激光微造型工艺取代珩磨工艺，重复性好，精度高，网纹均匀，且加工成本低廉，操作简单，网纹的偏斜度与夹角、网纹的疏密由PC机计算实现，调整方便。
The invention discloses a method and device for processing the texture of the inner wall of the cylinder liner of an automobile engine. A laser gun head, a lifting and rotating servo motor, a photoelectric encoder, and a grating ruler are each connected to a microcontroller, and the microcontroller and the photoelectric encoder are connected in series. Quadruple frequency circuit; the PC sends control commands to control the movement of the lifting servo motor, which indirectly drives the laser gun head up and down in the cylinder liner; the PC controls the lifting servo motor to move at a given speed according to the feedback pulse number of the grating ruler, and controls the laser gun The lateral offset of the head on the inner wall of the cylinder liner, compare the number of pulses fed back by the rotary encoder and the number of N-frequency division pulses, and the microcontroller controls the vertical movement of the lifting servo motor at a speed given by the PC according to the number of feedback pulses from the grating ruler; The laser micro-modeling process replaces the honing process, which has good repeatability, high precision, uniform texture, low processing cost, and simple operation. The skewness and included angle of the texture, and the density of the texture are calculated by the PC, and the adjustment is convenient. .
Description
Technical field
The cylinder liner internal wall reticulate pattern process technology that the present invention relates to automobile engine, belongs to mechanical engineering technical field of engines.
Background technology
Engine is the heart of automobile, cylinder jacket is the core part of engine, especially the reticulate structure of cylinder liner internal wall, reticulate structure is made up of netted groove and top chain-wales, not only improve the loaded area of cylinder jacket reality, and be conducive to the storage of lubricating oil and the formation of oil film and maintenance.The loaded area with the cylinder jacket reality of reticulate structure improves 4～7 times than the surface of common honing processing, netted groove be conducive to machine oil upwards pump to cylinder jacket working chamber, top chain-wales is conducive to high-strength oil film formation and the unnecessary machine oil of cylinder-barrel surface is scraped get back to crankcase, improving cylinder-barrel surface sliding capability, increasing the bubble-tight while of cylinder hole, significantly reduce consumption of lubricating oil.But the service life of cylinder jacket and performance directly and the crudy of degree of skewness, profile bearing length ratio and the superficial layer of its inner wall surface reticulate pattern angle, gash depth and quantity, contour pattern etc. closely related.Traditional cylinder reticulate pattern manufacture often adopts honing technique, inner wall surface is processed into the overlapping curve surface between deep trench and chain-wales homogeneous phase, " alternating rotating direction honing cylinder jacket platform webbing technique " being disclosed as the patent No. 200610039632.4, adopt the thick top gem of a girdle-pendant, the half smart top gem of a girdle-pendant, the smart top gem of a girdle-pendant to obtain final reticulate structure, this method adopts machining pattern, manufacturing process complexity, and processing cost is very high, and the lack of homogeneity of reticulate pattern, is difficult to adjust the density of network and the angle of reticulate pattern.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention proposes a kind of reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine processing method for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, to improve the flexibility ratio of cylinder liner internal wall reticulate pattern process and the quality of reticulate pattern, cuts down finished cost.The invention also proposes a kind of device of realizing this processing method.
The technical scheme that reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine processing method of the present invention adopts is to comprise the steps: that (1) PC sends control command, by microprocessor control driven by servomotor module, moved by driven by servomotor module controls lifting servomotor again, lifting servomotor drives catch bar to make linear longitudinal movement by driving wheel, Timing Belt, driving wheel successively, indirectly drives the lifting in cylinder jacket of laser gun head; Thereby grating scale detects the lengthwise position of laser gun head in cylinder jacket by the upper-lower position that detects catch bar, in the time that grating scale detects that laser gun head is positioned at the position of longitudinal zero-bit Y 208 of cylinder jacket, the stop motion of PC control lifting servomotor; (2) PC, according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale, is controlled lifting servomotor with given speed, mobile V1 distance, controls rotating servo motor rotation simultaneously; (3) PC transmission " side-play amount, Fractional-N frequency number, Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse, N+1 divided pulse number, overall pulse number, number of repetition " is ordered to microcontroller; (3) microcontroller detects that by rotary encoder laser gun head is positioned at the horizontal zero-bit X of cylinder jacket; (4) umber of pulse of being fed back by rotary encoder, microprocessor control laser gun head is in lateral shift Z1 or the action of Z2 distance of cylinder liner internal wall; (5) inner wall surface of laser-impact cylinder jacket, micro-reticulate pattern point of making; (6) relatively umber of pulse and the Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse of rotary encoder feedback of microcontroller, if equate, controls the rear action of laser gun head transverse shifting D1 distance; (7) microcontroller judges whether laser gun head arrives horizontal zero-bit X, if do not arrive, and the step that moves in circles (5) and step (6); Otherwise carry out next step; (8) microcontroller judges whether number of repetition arrives, if do not arrive, the step that moves in circles (3) is to step (7); Otherwise carry out next step; (9) PC sends " rising or falling speed and distance " order, and microcontroller, according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale, is controlled after lifting servomotor vertically moves V2 distance with the given speed of PC and stopped; (10) judge whether longitudinal terminal, not to repeating step (3) to step (9), otherwise finish.
The technical scheme that reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine processing unit (plant) of the present invention adopts is: have a laser gun head stretching in the cylinder jacket inner chamber of automobile engine, below this affixed rotating servo motor in laser gun head upper end and the affixed hoistable platform of rotating servo motor, the other photoelectric encoder that is provided with of rotating servo motor, longitudinal affixed catch bar lower end above hoistable platform, one, catch bar overcoat is connected the driving wheel matching with internal and external screw thread with it, the other grating scale that arranges of side of catch bar upper end; Driving wheel relative position arranges another driving wheel, between two driving wheels, connect Timing Belt, the affixed lifting servomotor of another driving wheel, lifting servomotor and rotating servo motor are connected in series respectively driven by servomotor module, driven by servomotor module series connection microcontroller is connected in series quadruplicated frequency circuit between microcontroller and photoelectric encoder
;microcontroller
respectivelyserial connection grating scale
,laser gun head
withpC.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is: 1, replace honing technique with laser micro molding technique, reproducible, precision is high, and reticulate pattern is even, and low processing cost, easy operating.2, the present invention has adopted photoelectric encoder and quadruplicated frequency circuit thereof, and accuracy of detection is high, the effect fabulous to the repeating motion of laser gun head.3, the present invention adopts PC and MCU combination control program, and simple to operate, the density of the degree of skewness of reticulate pattern and angle, reticulate pattern is calculated and realized by PC, easy to adjust.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure and the operation principle schematic diagram of processing unit (plant) of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of cylinder reticulate pattern processing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is processing method flow chart of the present invention;
In figure: 102. driving wheels; 104. Timing Belt; 106. carrying platform; 108. grating scale; 110. lifting servomotors; 112. driven by servomotor modules; 116.PC machine; 118. microcontrollers (MCU); 120. quadruplicated frequency circuit; 124. cylinder jacket; 126. laser gun heads; 128. photoelectric encoder; 202. horizontal zero-bit X; 208. longitudinal zero-bit Y; 210. longitudinal terminals; 204,206,212,214. reticulate pattern points; 130. rotating servo motor; 132. hoistable platform; 134. catch bar; 136. driving wheel; 302 ~ 326. each procedure of processings.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of automobile engine cylinder cover reticulate pattern processing unit (plant) provided by the present invention has a laser gun head 126, add man-hour, these laser gun head 126 lower ends stretch in cylinder jacket 124 inner chambers of automobile engine, the output shaft of the affixed rotating servo motor 130 in upper end of laser gun head 126, by rotatablely moving of rotating servo motor 130, directly drive laser gun head 126 in rotary moving in cylinder jacket 124.The other photoelectric encoder 128, the angle that photoelectric encoder 128 rotates for detection of rotating servo motor 130 and the number of turns of arranging of rotating servo motor 130.Rotating servo motor 130 is fixedly connected on below hoistable platform 132 to hoistable platform 132 longitudinal affixed catch bar 134 lower ends above.Driving wheel 102 of catch bar 134 overcoat, and be connected and match by internal and external screw thread between driving wheel 102 and catch bar 134,, driving wheel 102 is fixed on above carrying platform 106 meanwhile.The side side of catch bar 134 upper ends arranges grating scale 108, and grating scale 108 is in order to the movement position of detection laser rifle head 126.At the relative position of driving wheel 102, another driving wheel 136 is set, between these two driving wheels 102 and 136, connects with Timing Belt 104.Another driving wheel 136 is fixedly connected with lifting servomotor 110, provides power by lifting servomotor 110, rotates together with lifting servomotor 110.Lifting servomotor 110 and rotating servo motor 130 are concatenated into respectively in driven by servomotor module 112 by control line, and driven by servomotor module 112 is connected with the output port of microcontroller 118 by holding wire.Between counter port of microcontroller 118 and photoelectric encoder 128, be connected in series quadruplicated frequency circuit 120, another counter port of microcontroller 118 is directly connected in series grating scale 108, another output port of microcontroller 118 connects laser gun head 126, and microcontroller 118 connects PC 116 by communication interface.
The present invention adopts laser micro molding technique, use laser-impact cylinder liner internal wall surface, form equally distributed concave point, and to put for line, form groove, the density of the degree of skewness of its reticulate pattern and angle, reticulate pattern is by computer control (variation by parameter regulates arbitrarily), and the degree of depth of concave point is repeated to control by laser intensity and laser gun head multiple spot.By communication interface, receive the machined parameters that PC 116 sends by microcontroller 118, the electromechanical movement unit action of control response, completes the reticulate pattern processing of cylinder jacket 124 inwalls.Adopt microcontroller 118 to control quadruplicated frequency circuit 120, thereby control photoelectric encoder 128, improve the precision that detects pulse, make the multiple spot repeating motion of laser gun head 126 become simple, if the degree of depth of reticulate pattern point is undesirable, can again control the action of laser gun head 126, repeat whole process.First sent the speed and distance order of lifting servomotor 110 to microcontroller 118 according to technological requirement by PC 116, microcontroller 118 receives after order, control elevating movement mechanism mobile lifting platform 132 to assigned address, now rotating servo motor 130 is pressed technological requirement in continual rotation, PC 116 then sends the side-play amount of laser gun head 126 to microcontroller 118, divider ratio umber of pulse and number of repetition instruction, microcontroller 118 is received after instruction, by photoelectric encoder 128 feedback signals, the control laser gun head 126 being interrupted moves, send laser, manufacture concave point in cylinder jacket 124 inner wall surface, so move in circles, until electromechanical movement cell moving is to the longitudinal terminal of cylinder jacket 124.Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are cylinder liner internal wall reticulate structure schematic diagram of the present invention and flow process chart, and processing cylinder jacket 124 inwall reticulate patterns specifically adopt the following step:
Step 302:PC machine 116 initializes, and comprises the initialization of middle fracture, timer, counter, communications parameter etc.
Step 304:PC machine 116 sends control command, control driven by servomotor module 112 by microcontroller 118, control lifting servomotor 110 by driven by servomotor module 112 again and move, lifting servomotor 110 drives catch bar 134 to move by driving wheel 136, Timing Belt 104, driving wheel 102 successively.Because catch bar 134 and the internal thread of driving wheel 102 form the structure that is similar to worm and gear, therefore, rotatablely moving of lifting servomotor 110 finally converts the linear longitudinal movement of catch bar 134 to, simultaneously, catch bar 134 drives hoistable platform 132 to move up and down, and indirectly drives laser gun head 126 lifting in cylinder jacket 124.Thereby grating scale 108 detects the lengthwise position of laser gun head 126 in cylinder jacket 124 by the upper-lower position that detects catch bar 134, as shown in Figure 2, in the time that grating scale 108 detects that laser gun head 126 is positioned at the position of longitudinal zero-bit Y 208 of cylinder jacket 124, PC 116 is controlled 110 stop motions of lifting servomotor.
Step 306:PC machine 116, according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale 108, is controlled lifting servomotor 110 with given speed, mobile V1 distance, controls rotating servo motor 130 simultaneously and rotates.The processing action of laser gun head 126 is the switching signal control by the output port of microcontroller 118.The rotational angle of lifting servomotor 110 and the number of turns are to export pulse by grating scale 108, and are detected and obtained by the corresponding counts device of microcontroller 118, and by microcontroller 118 output port controls.
Step 308:PC machine 116 sends " side-play amount, Fractional-N frequency number, Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse, N+1 divided pulse number, overall pulse number, number of repetition " and orders to microcontroller 118.
Step 310: microcontroller 118 detects that by rotary encoder 128 laser gun head 126 is positioned at the horizontal zero-bit X 202 of cylinder jacket 124.The rotational angle of rotating servo motor 130 and the number of turns are to be differed after two pulses of A, B (Transistor-Transistor Logic level) signal of 90 ° by photoelectric encoder 128 output phases, promoted the frequency of its pulse by quadruplicated frequency circuit 120, and detect and obtain by the counter of microcontroller 118, and by microcontroller 118 output port controls; The output pulse Z that the rotation zero-bit of rotating servo motor 130 receives photoelectric encoder 128 by the middle fracture INT1 of microcontroller 118 judges.
Step 312: the umber of pulse of being fed back by rotary encoder 128, microcontroller 118 is controlled laser gun head 126 and located action in horizontal Z1 or the Z2 distance (side-play amount) of cylinder jacket 124 inwalls.
Step 314: the inner wall surface of laser-impact cylinder jacket 124, micro-reticulate pattern point of making.
Step 316: microcontroller 118 umber of pulse and Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse that relatively rotary encoder 128 feeds back, if equate, control laser gun head in the rear action of transverse shifting D1 distance.
Step 318: microcontroller 118 judges whether laser gun head 126 arrives horizontal zero-bit X202, does not arrive, the step 314 that moves in circles and step 316; Otherwise carry out next step.
Step 320: microcontroller 118 judges whether number of repetition arrives, and does not arrive, and the step 310 that moves in circles is to step 318; Otherwise carry out next step.
Step 322:PC machine 116 sends " rising or falling speed and distance " order, and microcontroller 118, according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale 108, is controlled after lifting servomotor 110 vertically moves V2 distance with the given speed of PC 116 and stopped.
Step 324: judge whether longitudinal terminal, not to repeating step 308 to step 322, otherwise carry out next step.
Step 326: finish processing, microcontroller 118 controller coron unit are all to zero-bit, and control lifting servomotor 110 and stop the rotation.
Lateral separation Z1, the Z2 that laser gun head 126 moves is that the Fractional-N frequency number being sent by the feedback pulse of relatively catching register comparison photoelectric encoder 128 and the PC 116 of microcontroller 118 inside is controlled.
As Fig. 2, the density of the degree of skewness of reticulate structure and angle, reticulate pattern is to be calculated, be stored in form by PC 116, and is given an order by PC 116, is realized by communication interface control microcontroller 118.In the direction being rotated in the forward at rotating servo motor 130, initial reticulate pattern point as: 204 and 214 lateral separation Z1, the value of Z2 are to be calculated by PC 116, change its numerical values recited, can change degree of skewness and the angle of reticulate pattern, need not change any mechanical device, the inclination angle of reticulate pattern and vertical direction is
, simultaneously the density of its reticulate pattern, as reticulate pattern point 204,206,212,214, is determined by parameter D1 and V2, changes its numerical values recited and can change the density of reticulate pattern, process is convenient, flexible.
Claims (1)
1. a reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine processing method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) PC (116) sends control command, control driven by servomotor module (112) by microcontroller (118), control lifting servomotor (110) motion by driven by servomotor module (112) again, lifting servomotor (110) drives catch bar (134) to make linear longitudinal movement by another driving wheel (136), Timing Belt (104), a driving wheel (102) successively, indirectly drives laser gun head (126) lifting in cylinder jacket (124); Grating scale (108) by detect catch bar (134) thus upper-lower position the lengthwise position of laser gun head (126) in cylinder jacket (124) detected, be positioned at longitudinal zero-bit Y(208 of cylinder jacket (124) when grating scale (108) detects laser gun head (126)) time, PC (116) is controlled lifting servomotor (110) stop motion;
(2) PC (116), according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale (108), is controlled lifting servomotor (110) and is moved V1 distance with given speed, controls rotating servo motor (130) rotation simultaneously;
(3) PC (116) transmission " side-play amount, Fractional-N frequency number, Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse, N+1 divided pulse number, overall pulse number, number of repetition " is ordered to microcontroller (118);
(4) microcontroller (118) detects that by rotary encoder (128) laser gun head (126) is positioned at the horizontal zero-bit X(202 of cylinder jacket (124));
(5) by the umber of pulse of rotary encoder (128) feedback, microcontroller (118) is controlled lateral shift Z1 or the Z2 distance action of laser gun head (126) at cylinder jacket (124) inwall;
(6) inner wall surface of laser-impact cylinder jacket (124), micro-reticulate pattern point of making;
(7) relatively umber of pulse and the Fractional-N frequency umber of pulse of rotary encoder (128) feedback of microcontroller (118), if equate, controls the rear action of laser gun head transverse shifting D1 distance;
(8) microcontroller (118) judges whether laser gun head (126) arrives horizontal zero-bit X(202), if do not arrive, the step that moves in circles (6) and step (7); Otherwise carry out next step;
(9) microcontroller (118) judges whether number of repetition arrives, if do not arrive, the step that moves in circles (4) is to step (8); Otherwise carry out next step;
(10) PC (116) sends " rising or falling speed and distance " order, and microcontroller (118), according to the feedback pulse number of grating scale (108), is controlled after lifting servomotor (110) vertically moves V2 distance with the given speed of PC (116) and stopped;
(11) judge whether longitudinal terminal, not to repeating step (3) to step (10), otherwise finish.
2.a kind of reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the numerical values recited that changes the middle lateral shift Z1 of step (5) or Z2 changes degree of skewness and the angle of reticulate pattern; Change the density that vertically moves V2 in transverse shifting D1 and step (10) in step (7) and change reticulate pattern, the density of the degree of skewness of reticulate pattern and angle and reticulate pattern is to be calculated and stored by PC (116).
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| CN107120206A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-01 | 河南省中原华工激光工程有限公司 | U-shaped laser surface microscopic carvings checkered cylinder jacket and preparation method thereof |
| CN107687375B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2020-05-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for designing laser micro-modeling structure of inner wall of engine cylinder sleeve |
| CN107900533B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-07-02 | 浙江群石工业设计有限公司 | A kind of computer data control laser cutting machine |
| CN109940291A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 安徽联合智能装备有限责任公司 | Double beam type laser cutting machine and moving method |
| CN110480257B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏长龄液压股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process of oil cylinder |
| CN111168246A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-19 | 北京金橙子科技股份有限公司 | Laser processing method and system for annular object |
| CN111659908B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-08-13 | 重庆郭氏洪伸科技有限公司 | Turning-based cylindrical surface reticulate pattern machining method and system |
| CN114850580A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江昊龙电气有限公司 | Automatic processing equipment for air cylinder reticulate pattern |
| CN117092966B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-01-02 | 中山迈雷特数控技术有限公司 | Control method for thread processing based on EtherCAT bus |
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| CN1857844A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2006-11-08 | 江苏大学 | Laser micro molding process and apparatus for surfaces of friction pair parts |
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Application publication date: 20110914 Assignee: Yangzhou Wutingqiao Cylinder Casing Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2015320000619 Denomination of invention: Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Granted publication date: 20140528 License type: Common License Record date: 20151023 |
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Application publication date: 20110914 Assignee: Beijing Laize Photonics Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2016320000137 Denomination of invention: Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Granted publication date: 20140528 License type: Common License Record date: 20160421 Application publication date: 20110914 Assignee: Nantong Dong Hao CNC Machine Tool Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2016320000136 Denomination of invention: Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Granted publication date: 20140528 License type: Common License Record date: 20160421 Application publication date: 20110914 Assignee: Zhenjiang Guangrun Electromechanical Technology Co. Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2016320000139 Denomination of invention: Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Granted publication date: 20140528 License type: Common License Record date: 20160421 Application publication date: 20110914 Assignee: Suzhou Jing Yue Machinery Equipment Technology Development Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2016320000138 Denomination of invention: Method and device for machining reticulate patterns on inner wall of cylinder jacket of automobile engine Granted publication date: 20140528 License type: Common License Record date: 20160421 |
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