CN102158715B - Saturation regulation device and method thereof - Google Patents
Saturation regulation device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saturation regulation device, which is applied to the reception of a red, green and blue (RGB) model pixel with three components, wherein each component may be in a range defined by two extreme values. The saturation regulation device comprises an extreme value controller and a component regulator. The extreme value controller performs linear color correction on the components of the pixel based on a correction instruction, and determines a maximum extreme value threshold and a minimum extreme value threshold which correspond to the correction instruction under the condition of making the corrected components in the range defined by the two extreme values. The component regulator comprises a judger and a color corrector, wherein the judger selects the maximum extreme value threshold, the minimum extreme value threshold or a saturation setting as the correction instruction; and the color corrector performs the linear color correction on all the components of the pixel by utilizing the correction instruction.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of colour correction technology, refer to especially a kind of saturation adjusting device and method thereof.
Background technology
On color science, exist multiple coordinate model in order to analysis image, take the HSI model as example, it is to utilize three coordinates such as colourity (Hue), saturation (Saturation) and luminous intensity (Intensity) to describe.Because this model can independently go out saturation, so known technology can directly be adjusted the gorgeous effect of picture that saturation reaches expectation.
But, adopt the RGB model for fear of the saving format of present image more, must through a non-linear conversion program, could under the HSI model, adjust saturation.And, after adjustment is finished, also need again non-linear counter-rotating to change the RGB model into.And the conversion program of these " non-linear " is very complicated, must pay quite huge circuit cost and could realize.
In order to reduce amount of calculation, known another kind of technology more attempts carrying out the saturation adjustment under the YCbCr model, and this also is the form that is commonly used to store images, and only needs can carry out " linearity " conversion with the RGB model easily by matrix.The YCbCr model is that image area is divided into briliancy Y, the first chroma Cb and the second chroma Cr.Because these chromas Cb, Cr can dominate the saturation of image, so this technology is to allow these chromas Cb, Cr be multiplied by respectively same ratio factor sy come convergent-divergent, use adjusting required saturation.
But, the briliancy Y of YCbCr model can not reflect luminous intensity (Intensity) fully, so that also there is the luminous intensity of part among chroma Cb, the Cr, so amplifying these chromas Cb, Cr with when heightening saturation (Saturation), luminous intensity also can and then improve, and causes some image details to seem fuzzy because of excessively bright.Moreover, deviation also can occur in the colourity of image (Hue), this results from: the chroma Cb of YCbCr model, Cr are " non-linear " relation in the colourity of HSI model, so merely synchronously these chromas of convergent-divergent Cb, Cr can not keep the original colourity of image.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, one of purpose of the present invention is to provide species saturation adjusting device and a method thereof, to solve the problem in the prior art.
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide species saturation adjusting device and a method thereof, is used for protecting image detail.
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide species saturation adjusting device and a method thereof, is used for effectively controlling Chroma Error.
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide species saturation adjusting device and a method thereof, is used for saving circuit cost.
The invention provides a species saturation adjusting device, be applicable to receive one and have the RGB model pixel of three components, and each component can fall within the scope that two extreme values define, this saturation adjusting device comprises: an extremum controller, proofread and correct indication based on one, the component that this pixel is had carries out linear colour correction, and the component after making correction falls within the condition of the scope that this two extreme value defines, and determines a maximum extreme value door and a minimum extreme value door of indicating corresponding to this corrections; And a component adjuster, comprising: a determining device, select this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door or a saturated setting to be used as this correction indication; And a colour correction device, utilize this corrections indication to this pixel the important colour correction of carrying out linearity.
The present invention also provides a species saturation method of adjustment, be applicable to receive one and have the RGB model pixel of three components, and each component can fall within the scope that two extreme values define, this saturation method of adjustment comprises following steps: proofread and correct indication based on one, the component that this pixel is had carries out linear colour correction, and the component after making correction falls within the condition of the scope that this two extreme value defines, and determines a maximum extreme value door and a minimum extreme value door corresponding to this correction indication; Select this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door or a saturated setting to be used as this correction indication; And utilize this correction indication to the important colour correction of carrying out linearity of the institute of this pixel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a calcspar, and the embodiment of the saturated adjusting device of the present invention is described;
Fig. 2 is a flow chart, and the embodiment of the saturated method of adjustment of the present invention is described; And
Fig. 3 is a calcspar, and another enforcement aspect of the saturated adjusting device of the present invention is described.
[main element label declaration]
600 saturation adjusting devices, 61 extremum controllers
611 component comparators, 612 maximum door generators
613 minimum door generator 62 saturating controls
621 tone calculators, 622 multipliers
63 component adjusters, 631 determining devices
632 color correctors, 700 saturation adjusting devices
72 saturating controls, 721 tone calculators
ADD adder DIV divider
MUL multiplier SUB subtracter
SHF shift unit LMT limit value device
The step 811 of 81 decision extreme value doors is selected the substep of minimum and maximum component
812 determine the substep of the minimum extreme value door of substep 813 decisions of maximum extreme value door
82 steps 821 of calculating slow saturation signal are calculated the substep of tonal signaling
The step that 822 substeps 83 that calculate slow saturation signal carry out colour correction
The substep that 831 substeps 832 that produce the correction indication carry out colour correction
Embodiment
About aforementioned and other technology contents, characteristics and effect of the present invention, in the following detailed description that cooperates with reference to a graphic embodiment, can clearly present.
In order effectively to save circuit cost, the present invention proposes a kind of saturation adjusting device that directly utilizes the RGB model, can in constant the descending in advance of luminous intensity (Intensity), carry out the adjustment of image saturation (Saturation).
Consult Fig. 1, the embodiment of saturation adjusting device 600 of the present invention be applicable to receive a picture signal that comprises a plurality of pixels, and each pixel has three component r, g, b.The saving format of this picture signal is to adopt the RGB model, and each component r, g of each pixel, b value fall between two extreme values, namely 0～255.
Present embodiment comprises an extremum controller 61, a saturating control 62 and a component adjuster 63.Component adjuster 63 can be proofreaied and correct based on one and indicate sa, comes important r, g, the b of each pixel are carried out " colour correction ".
" colour correction " mode of this example such as equation (1)～(4), to calculate a luminous intensity I who is equivalent to important mean value by each pixel first, then with luminous intensity I with proofread and correct indication sa component r, g, the b " linearity " of each pixel is corrected into R, G, B.Wherein, sa 〉=-1.
I＝(r+g+b)/3 (1)
R＝r+(r-I)×sa (2)
G＝g+(g-I)×sa (3)
B＝b+(b-I)×sa (4)
Further analyze, can find: the luminous intensity after the correction (R+G+B)/3 can be equal to luminous intensity I=(r+g+b)/3, so hereinafter can directly go luminous intensity after representing to proofread and correct with I.In addition, as those skilled in the art known: when the component of a pixel is R, G, B, its saturation can be used equation (5) expression.This formula demonstrates: under the constant principle of luminous intensity, saturation can be decided by the reckling among R, G, the B.Again, the component value of this reckling can increase progressively and diminishes along with proofreading and correct indication sa, so can summarize: it is larger to proofread and correct indication sa, and the saturation after the correction is higher.
Saturation=1-3 after proofreading and correct * min (R, G, B)/(R+G+B)
＝1-min(R，G，B)/I (5)
But what it should be noted that is that the components R after the correction, G, B might exceed because the correction amplitude is excessive two extreme values 0,255 scopes that define.Occur for fear of this situation, present embodiment utilizes extremum controller 61 to limit in advance the value that sa are indicated in the 63 employed corrections of component adjuster especially, and different pixels has different correction indication sa restrictions.Still all between 0～255, and it is constant to keep luminous intensity I after overcorrect for the hope component, reaches the purpose of protection image detail.Below will describe in detail again for this part.
As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of saturation method of adjustment of the present invention comprises following steps:
Step 81: extremum controller 61 determines maximum extreme value door TH for the corresponding correction indication of a pixel PXL wherein sa
MaxWith minimum extreme value door TH
Mai, still fall within 0～255 with components R, G, the B after guaranteeing to proofread and correct.
Extremum controller 61 comprises a component comparator 611, a maximum door generator 612 and a minimum door generator 613, and step 81 comprises following substep:
Substep 811: select a largest component P component r, the g that component comparator 611 has from this pixel PXL, the b
MaxWith a minimum component P
Min
Substep 812: maximum door generator 612 according to equation (2)～(4) one of them, utilize to proofread and correct indication sa, to largest component P
MaxCarry out " colour correction ", and obtain this corrections according to the condition of " proofread and correct after component can not greater than 255 " and indicate the corresponding maximum extreme value door TH of sa
Max(such as equation (6)).
Substep 813: minimum door generator 613 according to equation (2)～(4) one of them, utilize to proofread and correct indication sa, to minimum component P
MinCarry out " colour correction ", and obtain this corrections according to the condition of " proofread and correct after component can not less than 0 " and indicate the corresponding minimum extreme value door TH of sa
Min(such as equation (7)).
∵P
max+(P
max-I)×sa≤255
∴sa≤TH
max＝(255-P
max)/(P
max-I) (6)
∵P
min+(P
min-I)×sa≥0
∴sa≤TH
min＝P
min/(I-P
min) (7)
Wherein, ∵ refer to " because ", ∴ refer to " so ".And luminous intensity I is the mean value of three-component r, g, b, and each component r, g, b all satisfy 0～255, so these two door TH
Max, TH
MinCapital 〉=0.Moreover these door generators 612, the 613rd of this example utilize the subtracter SUB of Fig. 3 and divider DIV to realize equation (6) and (7), but practical application are not limited to this.
Next, illustrate here only for component P
Max, P
MinThe reason that limits.During this routine linear color was proofreaied and correct, when component value is larger, the component after the correction also can be larger; When component value is less, the component after the correction also can be less.So, as long as guarantee this two component P
Max, P
MinValue after calibrated falls within 0～255, and the value after another component is calibrated also can drop on 0～255, and the pixel after so proofreading and correct just can meet rgb format, and it is constant also to satisfy luminous intensity.
Step 82: saturating control 62 is based on the saturated setting cmd of an outside, for this pixel PXL calculates a slow saturation signal that can relax the saturation rate of change.And along with the time goes over, picture signal can sequentially carry the pixel of a plurality of pictures.And saturating control 62 is values of using identical saturated setting cmd, processes the pixel that belongs to same picture.
Saturating control 62 comprises a tone calculator 621 and a multiplier 622, and step 82 comprises following substep:
Substep 821: tone calculator 621 calculates a tonal signaling that can reflect saturation and value≤1 according to this aliquot r, g, b.
In this example, tonal signaling refers to the saturation of HSI model, so according to equation (8), tone calculator 621 can receive the minimum component P about this aliquot
MinWith luminous intensity I, and with a divider DIV with minimum component P
MinDivided by luminous intensity I, deduct result of division with a subtracter SUB from 1 again.
Saturation=1-min (r, g, b) before proofreading and correct/I (8)
Certainly, tone calculator 621 can have multiple enforcement aspect, as long as can make tonal signaling reflect saturation.For example, in another enforcement aspect of Fig. 3, tone calculator 721 also can be calculated component P by a subtracter SUB
Max, P
MinDifference, obtain this difference divided by the result of a particular value (this example is got particular value=64) by a shift unit SHF again, then more obtain this tonal signaling by a limit value device LMT.Wherein, limit value device LMT is the output＞1 o'clock at shift unit SHF, assumed appearance tonal signal=1, and in the output of shift unit SHF≤1 o'clock, the output of assumed appearance tonal signal=shift unit SHF.Such tonal signaling mainly is to utilize the maximum different value of component to reflect saturation.
Substep 822: this multiplier 622 makes tonal signaling multiply by saturated setting cmd, and looks multiplied result for delaying saturation signal.Note that owing to tonal signaling≤1, so slow saturation signal meeting≤saturated setting cmd.
That is to say, in the trimming process, may be to increase a little to proofread and correct indication sa, and the pixel after the correction namely jumps to " supersaturation " from " desaturation ", and is difficult to present the saturation of expectation.Therefore, be necessary the tonal signaling that uses each pixel exclusive, further limit the correction indication sa of this pixel.
Step 83: component adjuster 63 is selected maximum extreme value door TH based on saturated setting cmd
Max, minimum extreme value door TH
Min, slow saturation signal or saturated setting cmd, come important r, g, the b of this pixel PXL are carried out " colour correction ".
Component adjuster 63 comprises a determining device 631 and a colour correction device 632, and step 83 comprises following substep:
Substep 831: this determining device 631 at saturated setting cmd greater than 0 o'clock, can be from maximum extreme value door TH
Max, minimum extreme value door TH
MinIn " slow saturation signal ", take out reckling and be used as this correction indication sa.
And being not more than at 0 o'clock at saturated setting cmd, this determining device 631 can directly be used as this correction indication sa with " saturated setting cmd ".At this moment, do not consider door TH
Max, TH
Min, be because both 〉=0 and greater than saturated setting cmd.Moreover, do not consider slow saturation signal, be because when proofreading and correct indication sa in " negative " when increasing progressively, the saturation variation is very slow, does not need again moderate change speed.
Substep 832: color corrector 632 to be proofreading and correct indication sa, important r, g, the b of this pixel PXL carried out " colour correction " think output.
And as shown in Figure 3, in order to realize " colour correction " of equation (2)～(4), color corrector 632 is differences of calculating each component and this luminous intensity I with a subtracter SUB, and with a multiplier MUL this difference is multiplied by and proofreaies and correct indication sa, and make multiplied result add respective components with an adder ADD, the component after obtaining proofreading and correct.
For the menu of this example of objective analysis and known technology existing, table one especially with a standard 24 colour atlas (such as annex) as benchmark, and inquired into based on saturation and the colourity of HSI model.Known to those skilled in the art: the conversion between HSI model and RGB model is " non-linear ", so when this example is kept luminous intensity constant also " linearity " adjustment saturation under the RGB model, certainly will sacrifice some colourity accuracy.
For instance, table one has been described when the saturation of expectation HSI model increases by 0.17 times, take the known technology selected ratio factor sy=0.3 of YCbCr model as the basis, take the saturated setting cmd=0.8 that present embodiment received of RGB model as the basis.Under these circumstances, known and this example all can produce chromaticity distortion.
Table one
But, it is worth mentioning that, compare with known technology that when identical saturation increased amplitude, this routine Chroma Error was more known little many.And Chroma Error can not increase with the saturation amplitude yet.Therefore, but this example of table one evidence adopts easy linear " colour correction " mode, can adjust pixel intensity, also can effectively control Chroma Error.
In sum, this routine saturation adjusting device 600,700 and method can determine maximum extreme value door TH
MaxWith minimum extreme value door TH
Min, effectively limit and proofread and correct indication sa, and then the protection image detail.And, greater than 0 o'clock, also can adjust this slow saturation signal according to tonal signaling at saturated setting cmd, make the saturation that is easier to adjust expectation, and such adjustment all is to be based upon on the linear basis of calculating, to take circuit cost not high, so really can reach purpose of the present invention.
The above person of thought, only be embodiments of the invention, when not limiting scope of the invention process with this, the simple equivalence of namely generally doing according to claim scope of the present invention and invention description content changes and modifies, and all still belongs in the scope that claim of the present invention contains.
Claims (12)
1. a species saturation adjusting device is applicable to receive one and has the RGB model pixel of three components, and each component can fall within the scope that two extreme values define, and this saturation adjusting device comprises:
One extremum controller, proofread and correct indication based on one, the component that this pixel is had carries out linear colour correction, and the component after making correction falls within the condition of the scope that this two extreme value defines, and determines a maximum extreme value door and a minimum extreme value door of indicating corresponding to this corrections; And
One component adjuster comprises:
One determining device selects this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door or a saturated setting to be used as this correction indication; And
One colour correction device utilizes this correction indication to the important colour correction of carrying out linearity of the institute of this pixel,
Wherein, this extremum controller comprises:
One component comparator is selected a largest component and a minimum component from the institute of this pixel is important;
One maximum door generator carries out colour correction to this largest component, to determine this maximum extreme value door, makes the component after the correction not exceed that larger extreme value; And
One minimum door generator carries out colour correction to this minimum component, to determine this minimum extreme value door, makes the component after the correction be not less than that less extreme value.
2. saturation adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein, this color corrector has:
One subtracter calculates the difference of each component and a luminous intensity;
One multiplier, the difference that this subtracter is calculated multiply by this correction indication; And
One adder makes multiplied result add respective components, the component after obtaining proofreading and correct.
3. saturation adjusting device according to claim 1 also comprises a saturating control, and this saturating control comprises:
One tone calculator, the component that has according to this pixel calculate a tonal signaling that can reflect saturation; And
One multiplier makes this tonal signaling be multiplied by this saturated setting, to obtain a slow saturation signal; And
The determining device of this component adjuster is further selected and should be used as this correction indication by slow saturation signal.
4. saturation adjusting device according to claim 3, wherein, this determining device in this saturated setting greater than 0 o'clock, can from this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door and should slow saturation signal, take out reckling and be used as this corrections and indicate;
This determining device is not more than at 0 o'clock in this saturated setting, is used as this correction indication with this saturated setting.
5. saturation adjusting device according to claim 3, wherein, this tone calculator receives a minimum component and the luminous intensity about this aliquot, and has:
One divider, should the minimum component divided by this luminous intensity; And
One subtracter makes 1 result of division of deducting this divider, obtains this tonal signaling.
6. saturation adjusting device according to claim 3, wherein, this tone calculator receives a largest component and the minimum component about this aliquot, and has:
One subtracter calculates the difference of this largest component and this minimum component;
One shift unit, the difference that this subtracter is calculated is divided by a particular value; And
One limit value device, when the result of division of this shift unit＞1, this limit value device is used as this tonal signaling with 1, and when the result of division of this shift unit≤1, this limit value device is used as this tonal signaling with the result of division of this shift unit.
7. a species saturation method of adjustment is applicable to receive one and has the RGB model pixel of three components, and each component can fall within the scope that two extreme values define, and this saturation method of adjustment comprises following steps:
Proofread and correct indication based on one, the component that this pixel is had carries out linear colour correction, and the component after making correction falls within the condition of the scope that this two extreme value defines, and determines a maximum extreme value door and a minimum extreme value door of indicating corresponding to this corrections;
Select this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door or a saturated setting to be used as this correction indication; And
Utilize this correction indication to the important colour correction of carrying out linearity of the institute of this pixel,
Wherein, comprise following substep in order to the step that determines these extreme value doors:
From the institute of this pixel is important, select a largest component and a minimum component;
This largest component is carried out colour correction, to determine this maximum extreme value door, make the component after the correction not exceed that larger extreme value; And
This minimum component is carried out colour correction, to determine this minimum extreme value door, make the component after the correction be not less than that less extreme value.
8. saturation method of adjustment according to claim 7 wherein, comprises following substep in order to carry out the step that linear color proofreaies and correct:
Calculate the difference of each component and a luminous intensity;
The difference of calculating be multiply by this correction indication; And
Make multiplied result add respective components, the component after obtaining proofreading and correct.
9. saturation method of adjustment according to claim 7 also be included in selected this corrections indication step before, and this step comprises following substep:
The component that has according to this pixel calculates a tonal signaling that can reflect saturation; And
Make this tonal signaling be multiplied by this saturated setting, to obtain a slow saturation signal; And
Proofread and correct in the step of indication at selected this, further select and to be used as this correction indication by slow saturation signal.
10. saturation method of adjustment according to claim 9, wherein, the step of indicating in order to selected this corrections comprises following substep:
, can and should delay the saturation signal from this maximum extreme value door, this minimum extreme value door greater than 0 o'clock in this saturated setting, take out reckling and be used as this correction indication;
Be not more than at 0 o'clock in this saturated setting, be used as this correction indication with this saturated setting.
11. saturation method of adjustment according to claim 9 wherein, has following substep in order to the substep that calculates this tonal signaling:
A minimum component and a luminous intensity about this aliquot are provided;
Should the minimum component divided by this luminous intensity; And
Make 1 to deduct this result of division, obtain this tonal signaling.
12. saturation method of adjustment according to claim 9 wherein, has following substep in order to the substep that calculates this tonal signaling:
A largest component and a minimum component about this aliquot are provided;
Calculate the difference of this largest component and this minimum component;
Make this difference divided by a particular value; And
When this difference divided by the result of this particular value＞1, be used as this tonal signaling with 1, and when this difference divided by the result of this particular value≤1, be used as this tonal signaling with this result of division.
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| EP1396996A2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-10 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | RGB signal saturation adjustment |
| JP2006087054A (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-30 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Color saturation adjusting apparatus, color saturation adjusting method, color saturation adjusting program, recording medium and image forming apparatus |
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| TW201003568A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-16 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Method and system for adjusting saturation of image |
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| EP1396996A2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-10 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | RGB signal saturation adjustment |
| JP2006087054A (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-30 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Color saturation adjusting apparatus, color saturation adjusting method, color saturation adjusting program, recording medium and image forming apparatus |
| TW201003568A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-16 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Method and system for adjusting saturation of image |
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