A kind of device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas that possesses " breathing " function
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that adopts solvent absorption to purify normal pressure tank tail gas, particularly relate to a kind of device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas that possesses " breathing " function.
Background technology
In industrial production, there is a large amount of normal pressure tanks to be used for the storing various liquid medium, the normal pressure tank operating pressure is generally between-637Pa~2156Pa.The normal pressure tank top has gas-phase space, be full of all kinds of volatile materials, along with liquid medium turnover tank, the eustasy of tank level causes the variation of gas pressure in the tank, so that gas is discharged or the outside air suction in the tank, this process is " the large breathing " of tank; The variation of ambient temperature, air pressure can cause that also gas is discharged or the outside air suction in the tank, and this process is " the little breathing " of tank; Normal pressure tank is in a kind of " breathing " state all the time.The normal pressure tank top all is equipped with blow vent or breather valve, water sealed tank etc. and breathes facility, keeps the tank deck gas pressure in the pressure limit that can bear, prevents the deformed damaged of normal pressure tank; These breathe facility all is uncontrollable discharge sources, can't effectively control.The discharge of gas has caused the loss of storage medium in the normal pressure tank, also atmosphere has been produced pollution, even can cause odor pollution; Outside air sucks in the normal pressure tank, and storage medium or corrosion tank in the tank are polluted in some meetings, and serious meeting produces the ferrous sulfide spontaneous combustion, causes production accident.
A kind of technique of normal pressure tank tail gas clean-up introduced in " petrochemical industry safety and environmental protection technology " the 25th volume the 3rd phase P52~55 pages of " improvement of sour water tank odor pollution " literary compositions in 2009: utilize absorbent A to adopt injector drainage tank deck foul smell as working fluid, after entering successively film-falling absorption tower, eddy flow absorption tower, the processing of catalytic oxidation tower, recycling absorbent B adopts injector that the Purge gas drainage is pressurized in the absorbent B storage tank as working fluid, enters chimney emptying behind the separatory.The situations such as film-falling absorption tower, eddy flow absorption tower fluctuation of service, catalytic oxidation tower catch fire appearred in the running in device.Main cause is that sour water tank capacity is unstable, the injector rate of air sucked in required is large, cause the sour water tank to be in for a long time negative pressure state, the materials such as the hydro carbons in the tank, hydrogen sulfide produce volatilization, the tank deck breather valve sucks a large amount of air simultaneously, so that between the material exothermic reaction occurs in all kinds of volatile materials, excessive oxygen and the catalytic oxidation tower, cause catching fire.
Chinese invention patent application 200810049515.5 (publication number: CN101249379A, open day on August 27th, 2008): disclose " a kind of malodorous gas processing assembly technique ", its operation principle is to rely on self pressure of tank deck tail gas to enter hypergravity reaction bed, packed absorber, with two kinds of absorbents foul gas is carried out entering chimney emptying behind the multistage absorption.The hypergravity reaction bed has gas drainage function of increasing pressure, can cause equally normal pressure tank deck breather valve to be in suction condition, so that normal pressure tank tail gas amount increases.
" Investigation of Petroleum Vapor Recovery Technology " (chief editor: Li Hanyong) technique of Chang Ling oil plant light oil entrucking device for recovering oil and gas page has been introduced in P48~50, P172~176: oil gas autohemagglutination tracheae air inlet liquid knockout drum, oil gas after the gas-liquid separation enters the diesel oil absorption tower, diesel oil absorbs the lighter hydrocarbons in the oil gas, the rich oil that generates is extracted freshening out at the bottom of tower, purified gas advances the emptying of the high point of exhaust stack from cat head, the exhaust stack bottom has air blast to blow to it, cat head tail gas is similar to injection air-breathing, so that can discharge (being that vacuum is pulled out gas) smoothly.At this moment, the absorption tower operating pressure can reduce, and the vapor liquid equilibrium constant becomes large and is unfavorable for absorbing, and reduces to absorb the rate of recovery.
The main feature of industrial normal pressure tank exhaust emissions is: normal pressure tank is in " breathing " state for a long time, and the exhaust emissions amount is unstable, and is multicomponent mixture.The normal pressure tank working pressure range is very narrow, generally at-65~220mmH
2Between the O, the breather valve pressure limit is narrower, generally at-30~180mmH
2(1mmH between the O
2O=9.8Pa).Existing device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas has multiple, Pressure Drop is arranged, be easy to cause normal pressure tank tail gas to breathe the facility discharging from tank deck, therefore existing device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas all adopts above-mentioned bleed equipment or other bleed equipment, simultaneously have to again keep the breathing facility of normal pressure tank deck, so that normal pressure tank deck uncontrollable discharge source is existed, both polluted environment, more or less increased again normal pressure tank exhaust emissions amount.
Summary of the invention
Can't eliminate the defective that the normal pressure tank deck is breathed facility for existing device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas, technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of can with the synchronous exhaust gas cleaner of " breathing " of normal pressure tank, be used for eliminating the breathing facility of normal pressure tank deck, and can stablize the tail gas that purifies the normal pressure tank exhalation, isolated outside air, backflow tail gas is to reduce normal pressure tank exhaust emissions amount.
A kind of device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas that possesses " breathing " function provided by the invention, comprise solvent orange 2 A spray column and solvent B spray column, it is characterized in that: described solvent orange 2 A spray column top is provided with the balance fluid-tight, this equilibrium liquid package is drawn together a fragmenting plate with the welding of solvent orange 2 A spray column upper inside wall, the fragmenting plate center has the uncovered circle in communicating pipe insertion below to be subjected in the liquid bath, exceed fragmenting plate on communicating pipe, above fragmenting plate, form a solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region, the solvent orange 2 A ascending pipe, gas equalizing line inserts the solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region, and gas equalizing line inserts that value is 100~600Pa under the solvent orange 2 A liquid, communicating pipe the base equal the maximum working pressure value of normal pressure tank with being subjected on the liquid bath solvent orange 2 A liquid level difference of formation between the edge; A tail gas discharging pipe is only left at the normal pressure tank top, this tail gas discharging pipe is in parallel with the normal pressure tank tail gas discharging pipe that can alter mutually tail gas to enter a gather qi together house steward, the gather qi together house steward is connected with the over-pressure gas pipe with the tail gas air inlet pipe again, described tail gas air inlet pipe is connected with solvent orange 2 A spray column cat head, described over-pressure gas pipe inserts in the safe fluid-tight on solvent B spray column top, and the solvent B liquid level difference that forms between the edge in over-pressure gas pipe base and the safe fluid-tight equals the maximum working pressure value of normal pressure tank; There is the individual layer bubble cap tray safe fluid-tight below in the solvent B spray column, and the individual layer bubble cap tray is made of tower tray, riser and bubble-cap, and the riser top margin exceeds bubble-cap slot top, and the solvent B liquid layer value of the raised area is 100~600Pa.
Described solvent orange 2 A spray column cat head has the mouth of pipe, solvent orange 2 A ascending pipe and the gas equalizing line of tail gas air inlet pipe; Tower top is provided with the balance fluid-tight; The tower middle part is void tower, and multilayer solvent orange 2 A atomizer is installed; The tower bottom is extension diameter section, in the deeply mouth of pipe of section, deflection plate, demister, gas extraction pipe of body of the tower is arranged; Tower bottom storage of solvent A has solvent orange 2 A to extract the mouth of pipe of pipe out.
Described solvent B spray column cat head has blow-down pipe; Demister, safe fluid-tight, individual layer bubble cap tray, downspout, fluid-tight dish are arranged at tower top, and there is the mouth of pipe of gas equalizing line fluid-tight dish below; The tower middle part is void tower, and multilayer solvent B atomizer is installed; The tower bottom is extension diameter section, and the mouth of pipe of gas inlet pipe is arranged; Tower bottom storage of solvent B has solvent B to extract the mouth of pipe of pipe out.
The upper setting pressure instrument of described gather qi together house steward, also be connected and installed the blowdown pipe of pressure-control valve.
The upper setting pressure instrument of described gather qi together house steward, pressure signal is transferred to respectively A controller and B controller; The solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region of fragmenting plate top is installed liquid level instrument, is subjected to install on the liquid bath liquid level instrument, and its liquid level signal is transferred to respectively the A controller; In the safe fluid-tight liquid level instrument is installed, on the fluid-tight dish liquid level instrument is installed, its liquid level signal is transferred to respectively the B controller; The start-stop of A controller control solvent orange 2 A pump, the start-stop of B controller control solvent B pump.
Described safe fluid-tight is the circular trough of an opened upper end, and solvent B ascending pipe inserts in this groove.
The present invention compares with existing device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas has following beneficial effect: at first this device has possessed and the synchronous function of " breathing " of normal pressure tank; therefore can cancel the breathing facility of normal pressure tank deck; eliminated normal pressure tank deck uncontrollable discharge source; so that the normal pressure tank exhaust emissions is effectively controlled, be conducive to environmental protection.The arranging of its two individual layers bubble cap tray can effectively close outside air and enter in Ta Nei and the normal pressure tank, and protection solvent for scavenger, normal pressure tank storage medium and tank body are not oxidized, are conducive to safety in production; Also the tail gas with pressure of spray column inner sealing can be back in the normal pressure tank by gas equalizing line simultaneously, reduce to greatest extent normal pressure tank exhaust emissions amount and inert gas magnitude of recruitment.The built-in balance fluid-tight of its three tower is partly kept apart normal pressure tank gather qi together house steward and tail gas clean-up, and injector can't directly extract normal pressure tank tail gas, has solved the problem of the excessive extraction normal pressure tank of bleed equipment tail gas.The two spray of its four employing void tower cleaning of off-gas, by selecting the high-performance shower nozzle, form high density atomizing microparticle solvent district, with normal pressure tank tail gas contact mass transfer, than packed tower and plate column, without the sorrow of stifled tower, liquid flooding, smooth operation, improve gas-liquid mass transfer efficient, and be not subjected to the impact of exhaust emissions amount fluctuation, stored simultaneously the tail gas space also large.The built-in balance fluid-tight of its five tower, safe fluid-tight utilize solvent for scavenger as the fluid-tight medium, and than water sealed tank is set separately, security is higher, and produces without sewage.The setting of its six controller moves automatically so that this device can be followed normal pressure tank " breathing " state, guarantees that the tail gas that discharges is in time purified, and can reduce again the running time of solvent pump simultaneously, greatly reduces the energy consumption of normal pressure tank tail gas clean-up.Its seven devices use wide ranges, can by selecting different absorbents, carry out multistage purification and process for the composition of different normal pressure tank tail gas, guarantee normal pressure tank tail gas qualified discharge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas schematic diagram of " breathing " function that to be that the present invention is a kind of possess.
Among the figure: heavy line represents pipeline; Empty fine rule represents the instrument signal line; Many parallel empty fine rule express liquids; Arrow represent MEDIA FLOW to; M represents the motor of pump.
The specific embodiment
For the characteristics of industrial production with the general centralized arrangement of normal pressure tank, the preferred gather qi together house steward of the present invention is communicated with similar normal pressure tank tail gas discharging pipe, adopts normal pressure tank tail gas to come " breathing " of balance normal pressure tank as far as possible; For normal pressure tank top discharge tail gas, and the requirement of the high point of environmental requirement tail gas discharging, the preferred double tower of the present invention is processed tail gas, adopt the cat head air inlet, another cat head arranges the gas blow-down pipe, has both prevented that the tail gas lime set forms the liquid bag among the gather qi together house steward, stop up air inlet pipe, reduced again pipeline; Unstable for normal pressure tank exhaust emissions amount, the preferred hollow-spraying-tower cleaning of off-gas of the present invention is guaranteed normal pressure tank tail gas qualified discharge; For normal pressure tank the feature that sucks gas is arranged, preferred single layer bubble cap tray of the present invention closes outside air, also the tail gas with pressure of sealing can be refluxed simultaneously, reduces the exhaust emissions amount; For preventing excessive extraction normal pressure tank tail gas, the present invention preferably arranges injector behind the solvent orange 2 A spray column, also can guarantee solvent B spray column cleaning of off-gas with pressure simultaneously.The specific embodiment is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, tail gas air inlet pipe 12 mouths of pipe, solvent orange 2 A ascending pipe 18 and gas equalizing line 15 are arranged at solvent orange 2 A spray column of the present invention 1 top; Tower top is a balance fluid-tight, and concrete structure is: the fragmenting plate 1a of a level and inner wall of tower welding, and there is a vertical communicating pipe 1b at fragmenting plate 1a center, and communicating pipe 1b below has a circle to be subjected to liquid bath 1c, is subjected to liquid bath 1c opened upper end; Communicating pipe 1b upper end exceeds fragmenting plate 1a, forms a solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region, and solvent orange 2 A ascending pipe 18 inserts the solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region, and bottom and fragmenting plate 1a leave the space, and gas equalizing line 15 inserts the solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region, and value is 100~600Pa under the insertion solvent orange 2 A liquid; The circle that the below is inserted in communicating pipe 1b lower end is subjected among the liquid bath 1c, and communicating pipe 1b inserts the maximum working pressure (pressing the density calculation of solvent orange 2 A) that is subjected to value under the liquid bath 1c liquid to equal normal pressure tank; Solvent orange 2 A spray column 1 middle part is void tower, and the solvent orange 2 A atomizer 1d of multilayer Jet with downward flow direction is installed; The tower bottom is extension diameter section, in body of the tower deeply section, deflection plate 1e, demister 1f are arranged; Tower bottom storage of solvent A has solvent orange 2 A to extract pipe 17 mouths of pipe out.
Solvent B spray column 2 tops are gas blow-down pipe 2a, and demister 2b, safe fluid-tight 2c, individual layer bubble cap tray 2d, downspout 2e, fluid-tight dish 2f are arranged at tower top, and there is the mouth of pipe of gas equalizing line 15 fluid-tight dish 2f below; The tower middle part is void tower, and the solvent B atomizer 2g of multilayer Jet with downward flow direction is installed; The tower bottom is extension diameter section, and gas inlet pipe 14 mouths of pipe are arranged, and tower bottom storage of solvent B has solvent B to extract pipe 19 mouths of pipe out.Wherein safe fluid-tight 2c is the groove of a circle, opened upper end, and solvent B ascending pipe 20 inserts among the safe fluid-tight 2c, and leaves the space with bottom land; Over-pressure gas pipe 16 inserts among the safe fluid-tight 2c, and value equals the maximum working pressure (pressing the density calculation of solvent B) of normal pressure tank under the insertion liquid.Individual layer bubble cap tray 2d is made of tower tray 2d1, riser 2d2 and bubble-cap 2d3, and riser 2d2 top margin exceeds bubble-cap 2d3 slot top, and the solvent B liquid layer value of the raised area is 100~600Pa; Insert under the liquid of fluid-tight dish 2f on the weir plate base of downspout 2e, guarantees that from then on tail gas can not overflow.
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete method of work of device for purifying normal pressure tank tail gas that the present invention is a kind of possesses " breathing " function is: a tail gas discharging pipe is only left at the normal pressure tank top, and the normal pressure tank tail gas discharging pipe parallel connection that can alter mutually tail gas enters a gather qi together house steward 11.Be installed in liquid level instrument 6b and the 6c that equilibrium liquid seals up signal is transferred to A controller 6, start solvent orange 2 A pump 4, extract the solvent orange 2 A of solvent orange 2 A spray column 1 bottom storage by solvent orange 2 A pipe 17,, be full of rear A controller 6 and close solvent orange 2 A pump 4 with the solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region of fragmenting plate 1a top be subjected to liquid bath 1c to be full of solvent orange 2 A through solvent orange 2 A ascending pipe 18.Be installed in the liquid level instrument 7a on the safe fluid-tight 2c, the liquid level instrument 7b on the fluid-tight dish 2f signal is transferred to B controller 7, start solvent B pump 5, extract the solvent B of solvent B spray column 2 bottom storage by solvent B pipe 19, through solvent B ascending pipe 20 safe fluid-tight 2c, fluid-tight dish 2f are full of solvent B, are full of rear B controller 7 and close solvent B pump 5.Guarantee that the balance fluid-tight is full of solvent orange 2 A all the time, guarantee that safe fluid-tight 2c, individual layer bubble cap tray 2d and fluid-tight dish 2f are full of solvent B all the time.
When gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas pressure reaches the operating pressure of normal pressure tank, the manometer 6a that is installed on the gather qi together house steward 11 is transferred to A controller 6 and B controller 7 with signal, start simultaneously solvent orange 2 A pump 4 and solvent B pump 5, solvent orange 2 A atomizer 1d, solvent B atomizer 2g begin the atomizing solvent of Jet with downward flow direction, and injector 3 is started working simultaneously; Gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas enters by the top of air inlet pipe 12 from solvent A spray column 1, tail gas is with the solvent orange 2 A of the overflow communicating pipe 1b by the balance fluid-tight of tower top, overflow from being subjected to liquid bath 1c top, tail gas is the solvent orange 2 A mixing mass transfer with atomizing at solvent orange 2 A spray column 1 middle part, following current is flowed from top to bottom, tail gas makes progress at tower lower baffle 1e place baffling, and after demister 1f gas-liquid separation, the tail gas behind the first class purification leaves solvent orange 2 A spray column 1 from escape pipe 13.Injector 3 with solvent B as working fluid, by the tail gas in the drainage tube 21 drainage supercharging air outlet pipes 13, gas-liquid mixture enters the bottom of solvent B spray column 2 from pressure inlet 14, tail gas upwards flows, with the reverse contact mass transfer of atomizing solvent B of tower middle part solvent B atomizer 2g Jet with downward flow direction; Tail gas enters among the riser 2d2 of tower top individual layer bubble cap tray 2d, by annular rotating channel, in being distributed to liquid layer between bubble-cap, goes bubble-cap 2d3 slot again, tail gas overflows the liquid layer on the tower tray 2d1, and the Pressure Drop of individual layer bubble cap tray 2d should insert the sum that is worth under the solvent orange 2 A liquid less than normal pressure tank maximum working pressure and gas equalizing line 15; Tail gas behind the secondary purification rises around safe fluid-tight 2c, by demister 2b, through the tail gas of the high point of overhead gas blow-down pipe 2a emission compliance.
When the normal pressure tank level sharply rises or this device can't in time be processed tail gas, when gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas pressure reaches the normal pressure tank maximum working pressure, tail gas enters safe fluid-tight 2c by over-pressure gas pipe 16, after demister 2b gas-liquid separation, from the emptying of the high point of solvent B spray column 2 top gas blow-down pipe 2a.
When gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas pressure during less than the maximum working pressure of normal pressure tank, the manometer 6a that is installed on the gather qi together house steward 11 is transferred to A controller 6 and B controller 7 with signal, stops solvent orange 2 A pump 4 and 5 operations of solvent B pump; Liquid layer on the individual layer bubble cap tray 2d closes the secondary purification tail gas in the solvent B spray column 2, the secondary purification tail gas that is higher than gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas pressure portion, begin to reflux by gas equalizing line 15, pass the solvent orange 2 A liquid layer under the gas equalizing line 15 in the balance fluid-tight, advance gather qi together house steward 11, the both sides gas balance ends under the gas equalizing line 15 insertion solvent orange 2 A liquid and is worth 100~600Pa; Decline along with the secondary purification tail gas pressure in the solvent B spray column 2, when the liquid layer on the individual layer bubble cap tray 2d drops to riser 2d2 top margin, form a solvent B height of liquid layer (static seal), pressure in the assurance solvent B spray column 2 is at 100~600Pa, and isolated outside air enters in solvent B spray column 2 and the normal pressure tank.
When gather qi together house steward 11 tail gas pressure further descends, during near the normal pressure tank minimum working pressure, the tonifying Qi facility is started working; The tonifying Qi facility comprises blowdown pipe 22, pressure-control valve 8, is installed in the manometer 8a on the gather qi together house steward 11, and make-up gas adopts inert gas.When being installed in tail gas pressure that manometer 8a on the gather qi together house steward 11 detects gather qi together house steward 11 near the normal pressure tank minimum working pressure, opening pressure control valve 8, blowdown pipe 22 be to gather qi together house steward 11 topping ups, the safety of protection normal pressure tank.
The present invention also has improvements, when the normal pressure tank storage medium allows air to enter, can cancel the blowdown pipe 22 that pressure-control valve 8 has been installed, increase an air intake pipe, the mouth of pipe one end is positioned at the blow-down pipe 2a below at solvent B spray column 2 tops, the other end of the mouth of pipe inserts in the solvent orange 2 A liquid phase region of solvent orange 2 A spray column 1 fragmenting plate 1a top, and value is inserted under the liquid a little more than gas equalizing line 15 and is worth under the insertion liquid.When the tail gas capacity of returns was not enough, air intake pipe is extracting gases from the blow-down pipe 2a at solvent B spray column 2 tops, and beginning replenishes air to gather qi together house steward 11.