CN102150595A - Method for determining first intermediate cutting age of made forest - Google Patents
Method for determining first intermediate cutting age of made forest Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种人工林首次间伐年龄的确定方法，利用人工林林木之间的平均距离与冠幅的比值与年龄的曲线方程的拐点确定人工林的首次间伐时间。对应于杉木人工林，造林密度分别为1667、3333、5000、6667和10000株/hm2的杉木人工林，首次间伐时间分别为14年、10年、9年、7年和6年；对于马尾松人工林，造林密度分别为1667、3333、5000和6667株/hm2的马尾松人工林，首次间伐时间分别为9年、8年、7年和6年。计算简单、可直接通过造林密度确定首次间伐年龄。
The invention discloses a method for determining the age of the first thinning of a plantation forest. The inflection point of the curve equation of the ratio of the average distance between trees of the plantation to the canopy width and the age is used to determine the first thinning time of the plantation forest. Corresponding to Chinese fir plantation, the afforestation densities were 1667, 3333, 5000, 6667 and 10000 trees/ hm2 , and the first thinning time was 14 years, 10 years, 9 years, 7 years and 6 years respectively; For pine plantations, the plantation densities were 1667, 3333, 5000 and 6667 trees/ hm2 respectively, and the first thinning time was 9 years, 8 years, 7 years and 6 years respectively. The calculation is simple, and the age of the first thinning can be determined directly through the afforestation density.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forest plantation definite method at intermediate cutting age first.
Background technology
In forest management, intermediate cutting is the important measures that run through the standing forest whole growth process, also is one of mode of utilizing in timber.In the intermediate cutting technical system, the intermediate cutting time is the important techniques key element.For making intermediate cutting obtain best effect, the productive potential of standing forest are not fully exerted, must determine the suitable intermediate cutting time.In good time intermediate cutting is by adjusting the nutrition space that stand structure and stand density enlarge reserve, improve the standing forest sanitary condition, can significantly improve the productivity and the quality of standing forest, keep the stability of standing forest, can provide part small dimension wood and yule logs again, accelerate the cultivation of follow-up resource, and then improve economy, ecology and the social benefit of forest.
In the prior art, after the seventies in last century, done a large amount of research, the various methods at intermediate cutting age first of determining occurred with regard to initial phase of intermediate cutting, intermediate cutting method, the intensity of intermediate cutting, interval and growth effects thereof etc.As the geometric properties of Huang Jiarong according to standing forest basal area current annual increment curve, the point that the decrease speed of proposition standing forest basal area current annual increment curve equates with mistake peak dot and the straight slope of turning right a little is as the intermediate cutting starting point, to turn right a little as the intermediate cutting terminal point.In view of the above, in definite intermediate cutting time conventional method of having derived, specifically provided based on the intermediate cutting time of Richards growth function and determined method.Except that this model method, also with good grounds stand growth determines, determine, determine, determine, determine, determine, determine and according to empirical methods such as the adequate nutrition area are definite with the size of leaf area index than size according to crown height according to the closing of crop degree according to the self thinning rate according to the forest division degree according to forest self-pruning intensity.
There is following shortcoming at least in above-mentioned prior art:
Majority method lacks the research of mechanism based on qualitative.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of calculate simple, can be directly forest plantation definite method at intermediate cutting age first by definite intermediate cutting age first of planting density.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Forest plantation of the present invention is definite method at intermediate cutting age first, utilizes average distance and the flex point of the hat ratio of the width of cloth and the curvilinear equation at age between the forest plantation forest to determine the time of intermediate cutting first of forest plantation.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, forest plantation of the present invention is definite method at intermediate cutting age first, owing to utilize average distance and the flex point of the hat ratio of the width of cloth and the curvilinear equation at age between the forest plantation forest to determine the time of intermediate cutting first of forest plantation.Calculate simple, can directly determine the intermediate cutting age first by planting density.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b are respectively among the present invention China fir and masson pine, and intermediate cutting age and planting density concern schematic diagram first.
Embodiment
Forest plantation of the present invention is definite method at intermediate cutting age first, and its preferable embodiment is, utilizes the flex point of the ratio of average distance and the hat width of cloth between the forest plantation forest and the curvilinear equation at age to determine the time of intermediate cutting first of forest plantation.Can directly determine the intermediate cutting age first by planting density.
Specific embodiment one, described forest plantation are the Chinese Fir Plantation woods, and planting density is respectively 1667,3333,5000,6667 and 10000 strains/hm
2The Chinese Fir Plantation woods, the intermediate cutting time was respectively 14 years, 10 years, 9 years, 7 years and 6 years first;
Specific embodiment two, described forest plantation are Masson Pine Plantation, and planting density is respectively 1667,3333,5000 and 6667 strains/hm
2Masson Pine Plantation, the intermediate cutting time was respectively 9 years, 8 years, 7 years and 6 years first.
Below principle of the present invention is described in detail:
Observational data year by year with 18 years living China firs and 11 years living masson pine planting density pilot forests, analyze the average distance between the forest and the ratio of the hat width of cloth and the relation between the age in the different planting densities standing forest, carry out match with polynomial of one indeterminate, the result shows: the initial intermediate cutting age of China fir and Masson Pine Plantation can be determined by this polynomial turnoff age; 5 kinds of different planting densities of Chinese Fir Plantation woods (1667 (A), 3333 (B), 5000 (C), 6667 (D) and 10000 strains/hm
2(E)) the time of intermediate cutting first is about 14 years respectively, 10 years, 9 years, 7 years and 6 years; The time of intermediate cutting first of 4 kinds of different planting densities of Masson Pine Plantation (A, B, C and D) is about 9 years respectively, 8 years, 7 years and 6 years.Compare with traditional method, intermediate cutting time basically identical first, intermediate cutting time method is effective, feasible first to show definite forest plantation of originally researching and proposing.Because the method is a kind of quantitative method, and calculate easyly, therefore have important theory and practical significance, the intermediate cutting technical system that can be forest plantation provides reference.
The present invention is a research material with the China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) and masson pine (the Pinus massoniana Lamb.) forest plantation of different planting densities, and the comprehensive hat width of cloth and forest spacing two factors relevant with stand density are determined the initial intermediate cutting age of China fir and Masson Pine Plantation and compared research with additive method.Can establish the theory and practice basis for the management of forest plantation, and provide reference for the intermediate cutting technical system of forest plantation.
Concrete steps comprise:
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
China fir, masson pine planting density test material have been selected in research for use.Two seeds are all adopted randomised block design, and seeding row spacing is respectively 2m * 3m (A), 2m * 1.5m (B), 2m * 1m (C), 1m * 1.5m (D), 1m * 1m (E).Wherein China fir is formed district's group by 5 kinds of density, repeats 3 times, totally 15 sub-districts; Masson pine is made up of preceding 4 density, 4 repetitions, totally 16 sub-districts.The sub-district area is 600m
2The China fir of the same density of 2 row of respectively planting around in each sub-district is as boundary belt.Density corresponding to top A, B, C, D, E is respectively 1667,3333, and 5000,6667,10000 strains/hm
2
Used China fir and masson pine data see Table respectively 1 with table 2, in the table: N is a per hectare strain number; CW is the hat width of cloth.
Table 1 China fir different planting densities standing forest process of growth
Table 2 masson pine different planting densities standing forest process of growth
1.2 method
1.2.1 the selection of factor of influence
Select suitable factor of influence that intermediate cutting time first determined to play crucial effects.In theory, the intermediate cutting time determines first, need certain physiology and ecological foundation, can reflect the trees size, information such as distance and spatial distribution, and from point of practical use, the suitable initial intermediate cutting time should be in close relations with stand density and arboreal growth, state variation is quick on the draw, accurately the variation of explanation growth, and measuring and calculating easily, is convenient to use.
Hat width of cloth size is close especially with the growth relationship of forest, and its size has embodied the photosynthetic area of trees, has determined growth vigor and the productivity of trees, has reflected the long-term competitive level of trees.Distance between the forest is one and easily surveys the factor, and is the main factor that influences degree of contention between the forest.Because the distance between the hat width of cloth and the forest is relevant with stand density, stand density is directly restricting the size of tree crown, and remote-effects the size of growing space.So, select for use the hat width of cloth and these two important stand description factorses of forest spacing to set up the time of the intermediate cutting first estimation model of more organic rational faculty.
1.2.2 the structure of generalized variable
Because for the standing forest of certain planting density, before closing of crop, along with the increase at age, the forest spacing is constant, and the hat width of cloth becomes big gradually; After the closing of crop, along with the competition to space resources, forest begins to take place self thinning, and it is big that the forest spacing becomes, a hat constant or increase.Therefore, the present invention estimates the generalized variable of model with the ratio of forest spacing (L) and the hat width of cloth (CW) as intermediate cutting time first, represents with K, sees (1) formula:
K＝L/CW (1)
Wherein, K is the generalized variable of intermediate cutting time estimation model first; L is the forest spacing; CW is the hat width of cloth.
The forest spacing obtains by following formula:
Wherein, N is a per hectare strain number.
(2) formula substitution (1) formula is got:
(3) formula is the generalized variable based on the time of the intermediate cutting first estimation model of the forest spacing and the hat width of cloth.
2 results and analysis
2.1K value result of calculation
The K value result of calculation of China fir and masson pine different planting densities sees Table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 different planting densities Chinese Fir Plantation woods K value
Table 4 different planting densities Masson Pine Plantation K value
2.2K the relation at the value and the age of stand
No matter be China fir or masson pine, the K value of same density level standing forest, at first all the increase with the age reduces, and fluctuates with the increase at age then.Thus, can carry out match to it by polynomial of one indeterminate (table 5).
Table 5 monobasic is equation repeatedly
Annotate: a, b, c, d, e, f, g are equation parameter, down together.
China fir and masson pine fitting result see Table 6 and table 7 respectively, and corresponding turnoff age sees Table 8 and table 9.Can find out that by table 6 and table 7 its correlation index meets required precision all greater than 80%.No matter be China fir or masson pine, its turnoff age shifts to an earlier date along with the increase of density, that is to say, along with its turnoff age of increase of density is more and more littler.From table 8 and table 9 as can be seen, the most suitable China fir of model 3 (M3), the turnoff age corresponding with density A, B, C, D and E are 14.2,9.7,8.9,7.4,6.6; And the most suitable masson pine of model 2 (M2), the turnoff age corresponding with density A, B, C and D is 8.2,7.9,6.6,6.0.
Table 6 China fir fitting result
Annotate: R
2Be determination coefficient, down together.
Table 7 masson pine fitting result
Table 8 China fir monobasic is the turnoff age (t of equation repeatedly
c)
Annotate: * represents that turnoff age is an imaginary number, down together.
Table 9 masson pine monobasic is the turnoff age (t of equation repeatedly
c)
2.3 the relation of intermediate cutting age and planting density first
For the ease of production application, the spy has set up China fir and the masson pine relation of intermediate cutting age and planting density first, sees Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b.
From Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b as can be seen, no matter be China fir or masson pine, the intermediate cutting age all reduces along with the increase of planting density first, meets the big more closing of crop of density tree growth reality more early; And its correlation index is respectively 99% and 90%, satisfies required precision.Therefore, the age of intermediate cutting first of China fir and masson pine can directly be determined by planting density.
2.4 comparison with additive method
In order to further specify the validity of intermediate cutting time first, the time that this method and other method are determined compares.Other method of China fir mainly contains: according to self thinning rate (beginning self thinning), self-pruning intensity of forest (ratio of clear bole height and mean height reaches 1/5-1/4) and adequate nutrition area (dominant tree mean height 1/5 square be the adequate nutrition area of a strain standing tree) are determined.And other method of masson pine mainly contains: (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground current annual increment and average increment intersected back 2 years according to stand growth; The basal area current annual increment obviously descended back 1 year), the self thinning rate, the self-pruning intensity of forest, forest division degree (undersized log strain number account for total strain number 30% (1/3)) and adequate nutrition area are determined.Concrete outcome sees Table 10 and table 11.
Table 10 China fir is the contrast of intermediate cutting age first
Table 11 masson pine is the contrast of intermediate cutting age first
By table 10 and table 11 as can be known, no matter be China fir or masson pine, therefore the basically identical as a result of the result of calculation of method used herein and other method, determines that by this method the intermediate cutting time has validity first.Because this method is a quantitative methods, and calculate comparatively simple, so this method for intermediate cutting time first determine to have important theory and practical significance, determine to have established scientific basic for intermediate cutting time first.
3 conclusions and discussion
(1) utilize average distance and the flex point of the hat ratio of the width of cloth and the curvilinear equation at age between the forest can determine the time of intermediate cutting first of China fir, Masson Pine Plantation.
(2) under certain land occupation condition, planting density is about 1667,3333,5000,6667 and 10000 strains/hm respectively
2The Chinese Fir Plantation woods, first the intermediate cutting time be about 14 years respectively, 10 years, 9 years, 7 years and 6 years; Planting density is about 1667,3333,5000 and 6667 strains/hm respectively
2Masson Pine Plantation, first the intermediate cutting time be about 9 years respectively, 8 years, 7 years and 6 years.According to the intensive degree of operation, land occupation condition, the difference of economic condition can shift to an earlier date or postpone 1-2 and carry out intermediate cutting first.
(3) age of intermediate cutting first of China fir and masson pine can directly be determined by planting density.
(4) definite intermediate cutting time of the time of intermediate cutting first that this paper method is determined and other method compares analysis, finds its time basically identical, shows the validity of this method.And this method has quantification and calculates characteristics such as simple, can provide technical support for tending and intermittent cutting of forest.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a forest plantation definite method at intermediate cutting age first is characterized in that, utilizes the flex point of the ratio of average distance and the hat width of cloth between the forest plantation forest and the curvilinear equation at age to determine the time of intermediate cutting first of forest plantation.
2. forest plantation according to claim 1 is definite method at intermediate cutting age first, it is characterized in that, described forest plantation is the Chinese Fir Plantation woods, and planting density is respectively 1667,3333,5000,6667 and 10000 strains/hm
2The Chinese Fir Plantation woods, the intermediate cutting time was respectively 14 years, 10 years, 9 years, 7 years and 6 years first.
3. forest plantation according to claim 1 is definite method at intermediate cutting age first, it is characterized in that, described forest plantation is Masson Pine Plantation, and planting density is respectively 1667,3333,5000 and 6667 strains/hm
2Masson Pine Plantation, the intermediate cutting time was respectively 9 years, 8 years, 7 years and 6 years first.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165365A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 北京林业大学 | Method for designing and regulating stand density of timber forest according to crown breadth and diameter class |
| CN105638448A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南省永州市金洞林场 | A New Method of Selecting Excellent Chinese Fir Clones According to Character Indexes During the Cutting Period |
| CN107258468A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-20 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Slash Pine Plantations reconstruct technology |
| CN107656904A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-02 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of method for determining the artificial forest density of plantation |
| CN117011085A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-07 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method and device for determining first time interval of forest stand |
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| CN101606475A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for intermediate cutting growth of pinus massoniana |
| CN101946670A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-19 | 河北农业大学 | A method for transforming pine low-efficiency forests |
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2011
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101606475A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for intermediate cutting growth of pinus massoniana |
| CN101946670A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-19 | 河北农业大学 | A method for transforming pine low-efficiency forests |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 惠刚盈等: "杉木人工林收获模型系统的研究", 《林业科学研究》, vol. 7, no. 4, 31 August 1994 (1994-08-31), pages 353 - 358 * |
| 惠盈刚: "利用修正曲线法确定抚育间伐强度", 《林业科学》, vol. 21, no. 3, 31 August 1985 (1985-08-31), pages 326 - 327 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165365A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 北京林业大学 | Method for designing and regulating stand density of timber forest according to crown breadth and diameter class |
| CN105638448A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南省永州市金洞林场 | A New Method of Selecting Excellent Chinese Fir Clones According to Character Indexes During the Cutting Period |
| CN107258468A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-20 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Slash Pine Plantations reconstruct technology |
| CN107656904A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-02 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of method for determining the artificial forest density of plantation |
| CN107656904B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-02-26 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for determining density of artificial forestation |
| CN117011085A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-07 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method and device for determining first time interval of forest stand |
| CN117011085B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2024-05-28 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A method and device for determining the first thinning time of a forest stand |
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