CN102144592A - Rapid and efficient method for breeding tilapias - Google Patents
Rapid and efficient method for breeding tilapias Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144592A CN102144592A CN2011100906559A CN201110090655A CN102144592A CN 102144592 A CN102144592 A CN 102144592A CN 2011100906559 A CN2011100906559 A CN 2011100906559A CN 201110090655 A CN201110090655 A CN 201110090655A CN 102144592 A CN102144592 A CN 102144592A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid and efficient method for breeding tilapias, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: utilizing GIFT strain Nile tilapias of 60 families introduced from the Malaysia Worldfish Center as a basic breeding colony; separating tilapia fries of different families into different net cages for breeding; respectively selecting 30 fries from each family, and injecting a radio frequency identification to a fry abdominal cavity with an injector to identify individuals; breeding the fries before a propagation season of the next year, and measuring body weight, body length, body height and body thickness data of all identified tilapias; estimating a breeding value of each fringetail according to a BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) method by utilizing ASREML software; selecting male tilapias with the estimated breeding values of the top 60 and female tilapias with the estimated breeding values of the top 120, and carrying out nest mating propagation in the ratio of 1:2 of the male tilapia to the female tilapia to establish a family of the second generation; taking out oosperms from the oral cavity of the female tilapia which spawns, and transferring the oosperms into a hatcher to carry out hatching of running water. The rapid and efficient method for breeding the tilapias can avoid the problem of inbreeding depression caused by inbreeding, thereby being capable of carrying out breeding for a long period of time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently, belong to aquatic products breeding field.
Background technology
The seed selection of Tilapia mossambica all is the method by colony's seed selection usually, promptly in the ratio of male and female than 3 ~ 4:1 female, male parent population is put in the pond, and breeding density is every square metre and puts 1 ~ 2 tail raun.After parent population lays eggs, collect the small fish that hatches and culture, therefrom select some fishes as parent of future generation by the seed selection index again, breeding produces of future generation.Through the seed selection in 5 ~ 6 generations, can obtain to have the colony of merit like this.
But the cycle of this method seed selection is long, generally all needs more than 5 ~ 6 generations.And the fish that comes out of seed selection like this, the closer possibility of affiliation is very big, therefore, after the several generations seed selection, the problem of inbreeding depression can occur, can't carry out long-term breeding.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently is provided, both can obtain to have the colony of merit, the inbreeding depression problem that can avoid inbreeding to cause again, thus can carry out long-term breeding.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently, feature is to adopt following seed selection step:
(1) set up family: the lucky rich strain bolti with 60 familys introducing from Malaysian world fishery centre is basic breeding population;
The fish of (2) 60 familys hatches fry, the fry of different familys is isolated in the different net cages cultivates, fed 20～30 days with mass earlier, throw something and feed every day 4～6 times, feeding volume is 6%～8% of a fry body weight, then feed with pellet, throw something and feed every day 4～5 times, feeding volume is 5%～6% of a fry body weight;
(3) when fry grows to 7～15g, in each family, respectively select 30 tail fries the less radio-frequency mark to be injected the fry abdominal cavity with syringe, carry out individual mark, thereby discern every tail fry;
(4) fry that mark is good is supported temporarily at indoor cement pit, feeds with pellet, throws something and feeds every day 4～5 times, and feeding volume is behind 3%～4%, 5～7 days of fry body weight, to change outdoor earth pond over to and carry out conventional cultivation;
(5) culture to 3～April of next year, body weight, the body of measuring whole markd fishes is long, height and the thick data of body;
(6) use ASREML software, estimate the breeding value of every tail fish according to the BLUP method;
(7) respectively female, milter are arranged from high to low by the size of estimation breeding value;
(8) get the estimation breeding value and carry out 1 hero preceding 120 raun and join 2 female nido pairing breedings with estimating breeding value, set up second generation family preceding 60 milter; The raun of pairing and inbreeding coefficient＜3% of milter;
(9) taking out fertilized egg from the raun oral cavity of producing ovum, is after the fertilization of 0.7～0.8% salt water rinse is incubated through concentration, fertilization is incubated to change over to carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, and the hatching water temperature is 25 ℃～30 ℃; The fry that hatching obtains changes in the net cage to be cultivated.
The present invention uses Quantitative Genetics BLUP method to calculate the estimation breeding value, in conjunction with family selective breeding, avoids inbreeding.Can realize quick, the efficient seed selection of Tilapia mossambica, can avoid inbreeding depression again, realize long-term breeding.All test fishes are raised in same pond, have overcome the branch pond and have raised the environmental factor influence long to sashimi (raw fish) that causes.The present invention adopts family selective breeding, lucky rich strain bolti with 60 familys introducing from Malaysian world fishery centre is basic breeding population, by the Quantitative Genetics analysis, utilization BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, BLUP) method is estimated the breeding value of every tail fish, with female, the estimation breeding value of milter sorts from big to small, select the parent of fish of future generation then by the family background of the size of estimating breeding value and fish, match in 1 hero, the 2 female modes of joining, require female, milter is not from same family or the nearer family of affiliation.Can obtain to have the colony of merit like this through 2 ~ 3 generations, and when pairing, consider the family background, thereby the inbreeding depression problem that can avoid inbreeding to cause, thereby can carry out long-term breeding.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment one: a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently, adopt following seed selection step:
(1) set up family: be basic breeding population with the lucky rich strain bolti of 60 familys introducing from Malaysian world fishery centre in July, 2006;
The fish of (2) 60 familys hatches fry, the fry of different familys is isolated in the different net cages cultivates, and feeds 20 days with mass earlier, throw something and feed every day 6 times, feeding volume is 6% of a fry body weight, then feeds with pellet, throw something and feed every day 4 times, feeding volume is 5% of a fry body weight;
(3) when fry grows to 7～15g, in each family, respectively select 30 tail fries the less radio-frequency mark to be injected the fry abdominal cavity with syringe, carry out individual mark, thereby discern every tail fry;
(4) mark is good fry is supported temporarily at indoor cement pit, feeds with pellet, throws something and feeds every day 4 times, and after 5～7 days, the Tu Chi that changes outdoor 5 mu over to carries out conventional cultivation;
(5) culture in April, 2007, gather in the crops 1625 tail fishes altogether, measure body weight, body length, height and the thick data of body of whole markd fishes;
(6) use ASREML software, estimate the breeding value of every tail fish according to the BLUP method;
(7) respectively female, milter are arranged from high to low by the size of estimation breeding value;
(8) get the estimation breeding value and carry out 1 hero preceding 120 raun and join 2 female nido pairing breedings with estimating breeding value, set up second generation family preceding 60 milter; The raun of pairing and inbreeding coefficient＜3% of milter;
(9) taking out fertilized egg from the raun oral cavity of producing ovum, is after the fertilization of 0.7% salt water rinse is incubated through concentration, fertilization is incubated to change over to carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, and the hatching water temperature is 25 ℃; The fry that hatching obtains changes in the net cage to be cultivated.
Above-mentioned described pellet and mass are that sky, Shanghai feed technology Co., Ltd of nation produces.
Embodiment two: a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently, adopt following seed selection step:
(1) set up family: in May, 2007, with second generation family as the seed selection family;
(2) the pairing breeding is carried out in net cage, earlier with 1 tail milter and the pairing of 1 tail raun, after raun lays eggs, promptly shift out this raun, after from female lymphogranuloma inguinale, taking out fertilized egg and be 0.8% salt water rinse through concentration, change over to and carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, another tail raun is put into net cage and milter pairing, produce 106 familys at last;
(3) fry is when isolate cultivating to 7～15g, and each family respectively selects 30 tails to carry out individual mark with PIT at random, and measure that body weight, the body of every tail fish is long, data such as height and body are thick;
Data such as (4) fish that mark is good is put into one 5 mu native pond and cultivates in April, 2008, gathers in the crops 4893 tail fishes altogether, and body weight, the body of measuring every tail fish is long, height and body are thick;
(4) utilization ASREML software is analyzed data, obtain the estimation breeding value of female, the milter of each tail survival, therefrom selecting the male and 120 tail milters of forward 60 tails of breeding value ranking carries out 1 hero and joins 2 female nidos pairings and breed, set up third generation family, female, the milter of pairing is not from same family or the nearer family of affiliation;
(5) taking out fertilized egg from the raun oral cavity of producing ovum, is after the fertilization of 0.7% salt water rinse is incubated through concentration, fertilization is incubated to change over to carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, and the hatching water temperature is 30 ℃; The fry that hatching obtains changes in the net cage to be cultivated.
Embodiment three: a kind of Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently, adopt following seed selection step:
(1) set up family: in May, 2008, with third generation family as the seed selection family;
(2) the pairing breeding is carried out in net cage, earlier with 1 tail milter and the pairing of 1 tail raun, after raun lays eggs, promptly shift out this raun, after from female lymphogranuloma inguinale, taking out fertilized egg and be 0.7% salt water rinse, change over to and carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, another tail raun is put into net cage match with milter through concentration, another tail raun is put into net cage, produce 101 familys at last;
(3) fry is when isolate cultivating to 7～15g, and each family respectively selects 30 tails to carry out individual mark with PIT at random, and measure that body weight, the body of every tail fish is long, data such as height and body are thick;
Data such as (4) fish that mark is good is put into one 5 mu native pond and cultivates in April, 2008, gathers in the crops 4672 tail fishes altogether, and body weight, the body of measuring every tail fish is long, height and body are thick;
(5) utilization ASREML software is analyzed data, obtain the estimation breeding value of female, the milter of each tail survival, therefrom selecting the male and 120 tail milters of forward 60 tails of breeding value ranking carries out 1 hero and joins 2 female nidos pairings and breed, set up the 4th generation family, female, the milter of pairing is not from same family or the nearer family of affiliation;
(6) taking out fertilized egg from the raun oral cavity of producing ovum, is after the fertilization of 0.7% salt water rinse is incubated through concentration, fertilization is incubated to change over to carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, and the hatching water temperature is 28 ℃; The fry that hatching obtains changes in the net cage to be cultivated.
Implementation result:
After the seed selection of 2 generations, carry out yielding ability and culture contrast.
Carried out 100 days breed by a definite date on the 21st from July 13 to October, the average weight in 1 generation of seed selection is 320.52 ± 43.02 g, and the average weight in 2 generations of seed selection is 365.99 ± 41.91 g, and the growth rate in 2 generations of seed selection improves 14.2%.
Carried out 3 months by a definite date breed on the 31st from July 31 to October, in indoor cement pit, the average weight in 2 generations of seed selection is 280.85 ± 38.14 g, and male ratio is the average weight of 96.7% Buddhist nun's hybridization fish difficult to understand is 202.44 ± 37.90 g, and the growth rate in 2 generations of seed selection is than male hybridization fish fast 38.7%; In outdoor earth pond, the average weight in 2 generations of seed selection is 386.78 ± 28.89 g, is 305.43 ± 71.61 g and male ratio is the average weight of 92.3% Buddhist nun's hybridization fish difficult to understand, and the growth rate in 2 generations of seed selection is than male hybridization fish fast 26.6%.
Claims (1)
1. Tilapia mossambica selection rapidly and efficiently is characterized in that adopting following seed selection step:
(1) set up family: the lucky rich strain bolti with 60 familys introducing from Malaysian world fishery centre is basic breeding population;
The fish of (2) 60 familys hatches fry, the fry of different familys is isolated in the different net cages cultivates, fed 20～30 days with mass earlier, throw something and feed every day 4～6 times, feeding volume is 6%～8% of a fry body weight, then feed with pellet, throw something and feed every day 4～5 times, feeding volume is 5%～6% of a fry body weight;
(3) when fry grows to 7～15g, in each family, respectively select 30 tail fries the less radio-frequency mark to be injected the fry abdominal cavity with syringe, carry out individual mark, thereby discern every tail fry;
(4) fry that mark is good is supported temporarily at indoor cement pit, feeds with pellet, throws something and feeds every day 4～5 times, and feeding volume is behind 3%～4%, 5～7 days of fry body weight, to change outdoor earth pond over to and carry out conventional cultivation;
(5) culture to 3～April of next year, body weight, the body of measuring whole markd fishes is long, height and the thick data of body;
(6) use ASREML software, estimate the breeding value of every tail fish according to the BLUP method;
(7) respectively female, milter are arranged from high to low by the size of estimation breeding value;
(8) get the estimation breeding value and carry out 1 hero preceding 120 raun and join 2 female nido pairing breedings with estimating breeding value, set up second generation family preceding 60 milter; The raun of pairing and inbreeding coefficient＜3% of milter;
(9) taking out fertilized egg from the raun oral cavity of producing ovum, is after the fertilization of 0.7～0.8% salt water rinse is incubated through concentration, fertilization is incubated to change over to carry out the flowing water hatching in the incubator, and the hatching water temperature is 25 ℃～30 ℃; The fry that hatching obtains changes in the net cage to be cultivated.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN103229736A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Anti-biting net cage for mating breeding of tilapia |
| CN104145864A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for breeding GIFT, oreochromis niloticus |
| CN104430084A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Family breeding method for pearl white strain red tilapia |
| CN106577381A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Breeding method of excellent breeds of genetically improved farmed tilapia resistant to streptococcus agalactiae |
| CN107155959A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-15 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of compound breeding method for improveing yellow catfish growing character |
| CN111670841A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-18 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Breeding method of new red tilapia strain |
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| CN101642070A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-02-10 | 黄溪龙 | Technology for actualizing inverse season hybridization breeding of java tilapia in greenhouse constructed in winter |
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| CN101965815A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-02-09 | 集美大学 | Fine breeding method for large yellow croaker |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN103229736A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Anti-biting net cage for mating breeding of tilapia |
| CN103229736B (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Anti-biting net cage for mating breeding of tilapia |
| CN104145864A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for breeding GIFT, oreochromis niloticus |
| CN104430084A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Family breeding method for pearl white strain red tilapia |
| CN104430084B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-29 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of family selective breeding method of pearl white strain red tilapia |
| CN106577381A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Breeding method of excellent breeds of genetically improved farmed tilapia resistant to streptococcus agalactiae |
| CN106577381B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Breeding method of excellent streptococcus agalactiae disease resistant strain of genetically improved farmed tilapia |
| CN107155959A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-15 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of compound breeding method for improveing yellow catfish growing character |
| CN107155959B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 南京师范大学 | Compound breeding method for improving growth traits of pelteobagrus fulvidraco |
| CN111670841A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-18 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Breeding method of new red tilapia strain |
| CN111670841B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Breeding method of new red tilapia strain |
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Application publication date: 20110810 |